RU2626185C2 - Rotary machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: rotary machine uses balls having mechanical energy, and converts their translational motion into the torque of the working shaft. The machine contains a body and a rotor wheel. The body is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with rectangular projections arranged along the outer contour, in the side walls of which through channels are made for the balls passage. The channels diameter corresponds to the diameter of the balls. The rotor wheel is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, the working chambers of which are made in the form of spherical concavities with spheres diameters equal to the diameters of the balls. The concavities are arranged in rows equally distributed along the entire length of the cylinder. The depth of the recesses is equal to the sphere generatrix half diameter.

EFFECT: reduced costs for the manufacture, operation, maintenance and repair of the rotary machine.

2 dwg

Description

The proposed rotary machine can have a wide range of applications in various fields of industry, mining, transport, construction and other fields of activity.

According to the functionality of using indirect analogs of the proposed rotary machine, gear and plate hydraulic motors used in hydraulic drives are [V.K. Sveshnikov “Hydraulic equipment. Book I. Pumps and hydraulic motors: Nomenclature, parameters, sizes, interchangeability. ”Tekhinform Publishing Center MAI. S. 122, p. 126].

It is known that the use of liquids and oils as a working medium requires a high degree of tightness of the working chambers. What is achieved by high purity classes of processing the working surfaces of parts of these machines and mechanisms and the use of various kinds of seals and sealing devices, which significantly increases the cost of their manufacture, operation, maintenance and repair. The need for filtration and cooling of the working fluid also affects the cost of manufacture, operation, maintenance and repair. Sensitivity to changes in ambient temperature negatively affects the operation of hydraulic mechanisms.

The use of balls with mechanical energy as working fluids allows us to overcome the above problems and significantly reduce the cost of manufacturing, operating, maintaining and repairing mechanisms that use them.

The author was faced with the task of creating a drum drive of a cargo winch using balls having mechanical energy as working bodies. Feeders, which with their working bodies give the balls mechanical energy, the balls are fed through pipelines to the drum drive. As a result of the impact of the balls on the working body of the drum drive, which is the rotor wheel, the necessary work is performed.

The prior art mechanical transmission mechanism using balls as working bodies. The mechanism includes a case, inside which two identical rotor wheels are installed in the same plane at a certain distance from each other, having semicircular grooves with a radius equal to the radius of the used balls uniformly distributed over the entire circumference with a step of 1.5 diameters of the used balls. The depth of the grooves is 1/2 the diameter of the balls used. The rotor wheels are rigidly mounted on shafts that are inserted into the holes of the housing. One of them is driven and has a drive wheel mounted on it. The body cavities in which the rotor wheels are located are connected by a two-row channel, in cross section having a profile in the form of the number 8 with the intersection of the lower and upper circles. The diameters of the circles are equal and correspond to the diameter of the balls used. The channel has two parallel branches located on opposite sides of the rotor wheels. The same channel covers both rotor wheels from the outside. Moreover, at the interface with the rotor wheel, the profile in the form of the number 8 in the bottom row has a groove width corresponding to the thickness of the rotor wheel. The rotor wheel enters the channel to a depth of 1/2 the diameter of the balls used. Balls are tightly stacked into the channel in a checkerboard pattern, through one in each row. At the interface with the rotor wheels, the balls of the lower row are located in the grooves of the rotor wheels. The double-row device of the channel for balls is designed to reduce friction losses due to the ability of the balls to roll rather than slide on the surface of the channel (US 5488881 A, 02/06/1996, F16C 1/28, (fig 2)). Taken as a prototype.

In the known mechanism, the driving rotor wheel, turning from the action of the drive on the shaft on which it is rigidly mounted, pushes the extreme ball located in the lower row of the channel in its groove into one of the parallel branches of the double-row channel, which, acting on the ball in front of it, It transfers the momentum of movement to the driven wheel, causing it and the shaft on which it is rigidly mounted to rotate.

Thus, the known mechanism is a single-stage gearbox with a gear ratio equal to unity, and with an unlimited large center distance.

The use of this mechanism to solve the problem does not make sense, since the force of its drive can be directly applied to the shaft of the drum of the cargo winch.

The proposed rotary machine uses balls with mechanical energy, and converts their translational motion into the torque of its working shaft, according to the invention, the machine body is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with rectangular protrusions located on the outer contour, in the side walls of which are made through channels for passage of balls, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the balls, and the rotor wheel is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, the working chambers of which are made in the form of spherical recesses with a diameter trams of spheres equal to the diameters of the balls, and the recesses are arranged in rows equally distributed along the entire length, and the depth of the recesses is equal to half the diameter of the forming sphere.

In Fig 1. shows a longitudinal section of a rotary machine (in the proposed embodiment). The rotary machine consists of four main parts: the housing 1, the rotor wheel 2, the shaft 3, the base 4. Advantageously, the housing 1 is rigidly connected to the base 4 with the possibility of easy dismantling.

The housing 1 has the form of a hollow cylinder with rectangular protrusions located along the outer contour with axes at an angle of 120 ° relative to each other. This applies only to this option under consideration. In the manufacture of large enclosures, the number of rectangular protrusions can be any. Through-holes (channels) for passing balls are created in the side walls of the protrusions. In the proposed embodiment, there are two of them in each protrusion, but there may be more. The diameter of the holes corresponds to the diameter of the balls used. The holes are made so that the line of intersection with the inner hole of the housing is located mainly in the middle of the diameters of the holes. At both ends of the holes, places are arranged (threads, places for fastening the nozzles, etc.) for connecting the pipelines for supplying and discharging balls. The housing also has organized places for its installation on the base 4. In the proposed embodiment, the housing is made integral. But in the manufacture of large enclosures, it may be more expedient to make them consisting of two or more parts, with parting lines of the parts lying both along the longitudinal axis and across it.

The rotor wheel 2 has the form of a hollow cylinder with working chambers located on the outer surface, having the form of spherical recesses (holes), with diameters of spheres equal to the diameters of the balls used. The holes are arranged in rows equally distributed over the entire width of the wheel. The holes in the rows are equally distributed along the circumference, with a step that provides sufficient wall thickness between the holes. The depth of the holes is equal mainly to half the diameter of the forming sphere.

Instead of holes, the working chambers can be made in the form of grooves of a semicircular profile with a circle diameter corresponding to the diameter of the balls used, preferably with a depth of half this diameter, evenly distributed around the circumference of the outer generatrix and with a step that provides sufficient wall thickness between adjacent grooves passing through the entire width rotor wheel.

On the surface of the wheel hole, seats (keyways, spline grooves) are arranged for mounting the wheel on the working shaft 3. In the present embodiment, the rotor wheel is made integral. In the manufacture of rotor wheels of large diameters, it may be advisable to make them prefabricated, consisting of 2 or more parts (hub, rim, etc.).

Base 4 has a predominantly U-shaped appearance. At the ends of the racks organized places for the installation of bearing assemblies, in which the shaft 3 is installed with bearing assemblies. On the base there are also supports for installing housing 1 on them.

The housing 1, the rotor wheel 2, the working shaft 3, the base 4 are made of durable and wear-resistant materials (various steels, alloys, metals, composite materials, etc.).

In FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary machine.

The implementation of the invention

The rotor machine is assembled in such a way that the rows of holes of the rotor wheel 2 are located strictly under the through channels of the housing 1 (in the event that the working chambers are formed by the walls of continuous grooves of a semicircular profile, this condition is optional). The inlet and outlet lines are connected to the channels of the housing 1, each strictly on its side of a rectangular protrusion. The supplied balls having mechanical energy pass through the channels of the housing on one side. At the intersection of the channel with the inner hole of the housing, they enter the holes (working chambers formed by the walls of the continuous grooves of the semicircular profile) of the rotor wheel 2 and, acting on the walls of the holes (the working chambers formed by the walls of the continuous grooves of the semicircular profile), rotate the rotor wheel. Since the rotor wheel 2 is rigidly connected to the working shaft 3, a torque occurs on the shaft. Passing further along the channels of the housing 1, the balls are removed into the discharge lines. Torque and efficiency will be higher, the greater the number of balls with mechanical energy will act on the rotor wheel (the more channels there will be for the input / output of the balls) and the larger the diameter of the rotor wheel.

Claims (1)

A rotary machine using balls possessing mechanical energy and converting their translational motion into the torque of its working shaft, characterized in that the machine body is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with rectangular protrusions located on the outer contour, through channels for passage made in the side walls balls, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the balls, and the rotor wheel is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, the working chambers of which are made in the form of spherical recesses with diameters of sph p equal to the diameter of balls, the recesses arranged in rows, equidistantly distributed along the entire length and depth of the recesses is equal to half the diameter of the generator field.

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