RU2626172C2 - Chipping machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood processing industry.

SUBSTANCE: chipping machine contains a frame (1) where the drive (2), the casing (3) with the loading cartridge (4) and the tapping spout are mounted on. A chipper disk (6) with knives (7) and blades (8) is installed on the drive shaft. A quill cylinder with knife holes and knives (11) facing blades inside the cylinder is rigidly attached to the chipper disk. A counter knife (12) is installed in the inner cavity of the cylinder.

EFFECT: increase of chipper machine productivity and chip quality.

6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the forest industry, in particular to equipment for wood chopping, can be used in the pulp and paper industry, in wood preparation workshops for chopping wood chips and small wood waste into fuel wood chips, as well as in agriculture for grinding plant materials.

Known chipping machine for the manufacture of technological wood chips, containing a casing with a loading chuck and a chip discharge pipe, a blade disc with foot holes and blades, a device for directing the flow of chips from the foot hole to the blade [1].

The disadvantage of this device is low productivity and poor quality chips.

Closest to the technical solution of the present invention is a chopping machine for grinding large chips, including a frame, a loading chuck, a knife disk, a drive, a perforated cylinder, in the inner cavity of which are located counter-knives mounted on the frame using brackets [2].

The disadvantage of this device is the low productivity, which is due to the fact that the material can clog the holes of the perforated cylinder and the high uneven particle size distribution of the chips.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to increase the performance of the chipper, the quality of wood chips and reduce the metal and energy consumption of the grinding process.

The technical result is achieved by installing on the periphery of the disk of the cylinder with foot holes and knives facing the inside of the cylinder, installing a counter knife with the ability to interact with the knife blades and knives of the cylinder below the horizontal axis of the disk at a distance of no more

,

,

where R _rez is the radius of the circumference of cutting with the knives of the cylinder;

ε is the angle between the directions of the cutting force S and the tangent component P _to ;

- коэффициент трения;

- coefficient of friction;

as well as the location of the blade knives offset from the radial direction by an amount determined

;

;

where τ is the angle of the knife;

χ is the pinch angle of the material.

In the proposed chipping machine, including a frame, a drive, a casing with a loading chuck and a chip discharge pipe, a blade disc with blades and a hollow cylinder mounted on the drive side, a counter knife in the inner cavity of the cylinder, the cylinder is made with foot holes and knives facing the inside of the cylinder, and mounted on the periphery of the disk from the side opposite to the drive; anvil mounted on the frame to cooperate with the blades and disc knives cylinder mounted at an acute angle to the cylinder and normal to the plane of the disk below the horizontal axis of the disk at a distance of not more than a, disc knives are arranged offset from the radial direction by the value ρ.

The location of the counter-knife below the horizontal axis of the disk at a distance of no more than is carried out by self-tightening of the material with knives, which provides the normal component P _{n of} the cutting force S. The larger the layer of crushed material above the counter-knife, the greater is the force of material tightening, which improves feed stability and uniformity of the finished product.

The installation of a counterknife at an acute angle to the cylinder generatrix provides inclined cutting with the knives of the cylinder, and the offset of the blade knives from the radial direction creates conditions for sliding cutting, which reduces energy consumption and increases the performance of the chipper.

In FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of the chipper, in FIG. 2 is a section along A-A of the chipper, in FIG. 3 - graphical display of the interaction of working bodies with the material.

The chipper includes a frame 1, on which a drive 2 is mounted, a casing 3 with a loading chuck 4 and a splint pipe 5. A blade disk 6 with knives 7 and blades 8 is mounted on the drive shaft. A hollow cylinder 9 with foot openings 10 and knives 11 facing the blades into the cylinder.

In the inner cavity of the cylinder 9, a counterknife 12 is mounted, mounted on an arm 13 connected to the frame 1. The counterknife 12 and knives 7 and 11, mounted on the disk and the cylinder with the possibility of interaction, have adjustments for the outgoing knives and the clearance between the knives and the working edges of the counterguard.

The counter-knife 12 has the ability to install with an inclination inside the cylinder 9 at an acute angle to the normal of the blade disc 6.

The chipper operates as follows.

Wood 14 (Fig. 3) is fed through a loading cartridge 4 to the knives 7 of the knife disc 6 and the knives 11 of the cylinder, which cut off a layer of material of a certain thickness in two surfaces: along the plane of movement of the knives of the disk and around the circle of movement of the knives of the cylinder. The chips obtained during the cutting process are removed through the foot slots in the disk and cylinder 10, captured by the blades 8 and ejected through the pipe 5. During the cutting process, the pulling force acts on the wood, due to the normal component of the cutting force S.

As a result of the analysis of the distinguishing features, namely: the cylinder is mounted on the periphery of the disk from the side opposite to the drive, and is made with foot holes and knives facing the inside of the cylinder; the counterknife is mounted on the frame with the possibility of interaction with the working edges with the blade knives and cylinder knives mounted by the cutting edge of the blade at an acute angle to the cylinder generatrix; the counter-knife is installed below the horizontal axis of the knife disk at an acute angle to the generatrix of the cylinder and normal to the plane of the disk with an inclination inside the cylinder; the blade knives are mounted offset from the radial direction and are not found in other technical solutions. This circumstance gives full reason to believe that the solution meets the criterion of "inventive step", and achieved a technical and economic effect.

Literature

1. RF patent No. 2179922 from 02.27.2002. IPC B27L 11/00. Chipping machine for the manufacture of technological chips.

2. A.S. 444649 (USSR) from 09.30.74. IPC B27L 11/02. Chipping machine for grinding large chips - a prototype.

Claims (12)

1. Chipping machine for producing wood chips, including a frame, a drive, a casing with a loading chuck and a chip discharge pipe, a blade disc with blades and a hollow cylinder mounted on the drive side, a counter knife in the inner cavity of the cylinder, characterized in that the cylinder is mounted on the periphery of the disk with side opposite to the drive, and is made with foot holes and knives facing the inside of the cylinder. 2. Chipping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the counterknife is mounted on the frame with the possibility of interaction with the working edges with the blade knives and cylinder knives. 3. Chipping machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the counter-knife is installed below the horizontal axis of the blade disc at a distance of not more than

where R _rez - the radius of the circumference of the cutting knives of the cylinder, ε is the angle between the directions of the cutting force and the tangent component,

- coefficient of friction. 4. Chipping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade knives are installed with an offset from the radial direction by

; where τ is the angle of the knife χ is the pinch angle of the material. 5. Chipping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the counterknife is installed at an acute angle to the generatrix of the cylinder and normal to the plane of the disk with an inclination inside the cylinder. 6. Chipping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the knives of the cylinder are installed by the cutting edge of the blade at an acute angle to the generatrix of the cylinder.

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