RU2625973C2 - System for preparing working liquid of seed disinfectants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: system includes a water supply source, a tank for seed crop disinfectants, a jet pump, an intake-pressure and a discharge line, a hydraulic pump, water and disinfectant valves-dispensers, flow meters, a seed treatment chamber. For the system operation in the continuous mode, the cylindrical disinfectant tank is equipped with a mechanical mixer with an electric drive, and its base of oval-conoid shape is connected with the passive jet pump nozzle, the active nozzle of which is connected with a pipeline to the hydraulic pump and the flow meter arranged therein, and with the valve-dispenser - to the water supply source. The mixing chamber of the jet pump and the diffuser are connected by means of a pressure pipeline to the seed treatment chamber of the unit.

EFFECT: use of the system allows to reduce the material consumption and energy consumption of the seed treatment process, to reduce labour costs, to improve the sanitary and hygienic working conditions and the safety of maintenance personnel, and to reduce the ecosystem pollution.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and can be used for dressing seeds of agricultural crops.

A known system for the preparation of working fluid (hereinafter referred to as RG) seed dressers containing installed between the loading and unloading spiral conveyors of the device tank with RJ dressing for its further mixing with seeds / Isaev Yu.M., Voronina MV, Shurekov AV Spiral screw treater. Mechanization and electrification of agriculture; 2008, No. 7. - S. 11-12 /.

The disadvantages of the system include:

- the complexity and cumbersome design and kinematics of the drives of the working bodies;

- the absence of a mixing device in the tank for preparing RJ allows you to use only water-soluble preparations, but not RZ, which can be represented by the disinfectant in the form of a suspension, emulsion, as well as multicomponent mixtures requiring constant mixing during seed dressing directly in the tank itself throughout its volume . For example, a mixture of protective stimulating drugs in such a quantitative ratio: Treasure fungicide, CE - 0.5 l / t + Rutvital BP micronutrient - 0.3 l / t + Tabu insecticide, CE - 0.7 l / t + 9 microelements + growth stimulator immunocytophyte - 1 tablet - 0.0005 kg / t for the treatment of wheat seeds and others;

- placing a tank with a dressing agent in the upper part of the unit is a violation of safety rules for maintenance personnel, especially when troubleshooting, adjusting to the appropriate mode of operation, as well as when filling the tank with both drugs and water in appropriate proportions.

Known seed dressing system of a chamber mobile seed treater PS-20K-4 / Operation manual "LLC" Agrohimmash ", Stavropol. - 2012 /, comprising a loading conveyor, a receiving hopper, an etching chamber, a tank for loading with a treating agent (hereinafter referred to as a preparation) and water and preparing an RH therein, a pump for collecting the RH from the tank and feeding it into the etch chamber.

The disadvantage of the system, along with increased material and energy consumption of the working bodies, is a large tank with a capacity of 300 dm ³ and the lack of a mixing device in it, which limits the operation of this machine when using drugs in the form of a suspension.

The well-known "system for the preparation of the working fluid of the treater" containing a reservoir with external and internal sections for alternately preparing them with a common eight-section filling neck, each section of which is equipped with a complicated spring-valve mechanism for manufacturing and installation (Patent RU No. 2436273, C2 MPK A01C 1/08, 04/13/2009. Bull. No. 35).

The disadvantages of the system are also:

- along with an increased specific material and energy intensity of the process of filling components of the tank with a capacity of 300 dm ³ and mixing them, manual control of the filling and supply of drugs to the tank, as well as the complexity of installation and dismantling;

- at an increased concentration of HF in the form of a suspension, the hydraulic method of mixing in the sections does not ensure its uniform concentration along the height of the tank.

Closest to the claimed system is a seed dressing system with a PS-22 aggregate / PS-22 seed dressing instruction manual. Gatchinselmash LLC, Gatchina, Leningrad Region, 2014 /, containing a rectangular tank for receiving the drug and water, with a rod centrifugal pump for hydraulic mixing of the RH installed in it with its simultaneous supply through the regulator and flow sensor to nozzle (sprayer), mechanical mixer, loading conveyor, seed hopper, dressing chamber, unloading auger

The disadvantages of the system are the increased metal consumption and energy intensity of the RZh preparer with a tank with a capacity of 200 dm ³ . The eccentric placement of the agitators - mechanical with chain drive and hydraulic - at the base of the tank does not provide full volume mixing of the RJ.

In addition, the hydraulic pump with a maximum supply of RH into the dressing chamber practically does not participate in its mixing, which generally leads to under-dressing of seeds and a decrease in the yield of the cultivated crop. The rectangular, in the form of a parallelepiped, shape of the tank with an angle of 90 ° between its sides and the base leads to a decrease in the actual concentration of the suspension fed into the pickling chamber due to the sedimentation of its solid particles in the peripheral part of the base at the corners of the tank and due to the uneven intensity of flows along its height and, accordingly, the bulk density of the mixed fluid, as well as the inconstancy of the velocity fields along the height of the level of the RG, which, in general, leads to an uneven concentration of the RG supplied to the chamber is etched in the process of emptying the tank, while reducing the quality of seed dressing and the effectiveness of the use of expensive drugs.

The problem solved by the invention is to improve the process of seed dressing on the basis of changes in the design of the RZh preparation, providing an autonomous intake of the drug and water from the respective containers by means of a mixing device in the form of a jet pump connected to the passive nozzle to the drug tank, the active nozzle by means of a prechamber and a pressure line - with a water supply source, and by means of a mixing chamber, a diffuser and a discharge pipe hydrogen water - their mixing with the formation of RH and its supply to the seed dressing chamber.

EFFECT: simplified design, reduced material and energy consumption of the seed dressing technological process due to the release of the aggregate for preparing RJ, loss of preparations and environmental pollution, increased shift productivity, improved operator hygiene.

The problem is solved in that in the treater instead of the tank for preliminary preparation of RJ with a capacity of 200 ... 300 dm ³ with the mixers placed in it with a relatively high power consumption, a tank is installed in the form of a cylinder with an oval-conoidal (funnel) bottom with a capacity of up to 65 dm ³ , filled a preparation or a multicomponent mixture of preparations with the possibility of installing a portable mechanical, for example auger, mixer in it, ensuring the functioning of the seed dresser in continuous operation s, non-stop for refueling operations and preparation of RJ. The tank capacity of 65 dm ³ corresponds to the maximum consumption rate of modern drugs in the amount of 2 dm ³ per ton of seed to be treated.

When using a mixture of multicomponent preparations in various forms (suspension, emulsion, wetting powder, etc.), a lock connection is provided in the center of the tank of the filling neck for installing and fixing a removable mechanical, such as a screw, mixer driven by an electric motor with a shaft speed variator. Simplex of geometric similarity of the mixer: Г _D = D / d _m , where D is the inner diameter of the smooth-walled tank; d _m - the diameter of the mixer, depends on the concentration of the mixture and is within the limits determined by the inequalities:

1,04≤G _D ≤2,0 (low-speed mixer) ÷

÷ 2,0≤G _D ≤8 (high-speed mixer).

/ Vasiltsov E.A., Ushakov V.G. "Apparatus for mixing liquid media. Help manual." Leningrad. Engineering. Leningrad branch. 1979 /.

The base (bottom) of the cavity of the tank with the drug by means of an intake line with a metering valve and flow meter installed in it is connected to a passive nozzle of the jet pump, the active nozzle of which is with profiled outer and inner walls with a conoidal surface through an annular chamber and a pressure line with a crane installed in it - a dispenser, a hydraulic pump and a flow meter are connected to a water supply source, and a mixing chamber, a diffuser and a discharge line are connected to a seed dressing chamber.

In addition, the walls of the nozzles of the mixing chamber of the diffuser and the annular prechamber are provided with an abrasion resistant coating.

The list of items in the drawings.

In FIG. 1 presents a flow chart of the operation of the device;

in FIG. 2 is a vertical section of a jet pump.

1 - tank for the drug (drug mixtures);

2 - a mouth with a flange of fastening of an electric drive of a mixer;

3 - removable mechanical stirrer;

4 - electric mixer;

5 - intake pipe;

6, 29 - metering valves;

7 - passive nozzle;

8 - jet pump;

9 - annular prechamber;

10 - active nozzle of the jet pump;

11, 12 - profiled outer and inner walls of the active nozzle with a conoidal surface;

13 - mixing chamber;

14 - diffuser;

15 - abrasion resistant coating;

16 - shaped ring;

17, 19, 20 - flanges;

18 - a casing;

21 - discharge pipe;

22 - etching chamber;

23 - disk atomizer;

24 - the bunker of the source material (unpicked seeds);

25 - unloading screw pickled seeds;

26 - pipe;

27 - pressure pipeline;

28 - hydraulic pump;

30 - a filling mouth;

R _p - the flow meter of the drug;

P _in - a water flow meter.

The system for preparing the RJ seed dressers contains a tank 1 for dressers or mixtures thereof (Fig. 1) with a neck 2, configured to install a removable, mechanical, for example auger, mixer 3 with electric drive 4. Made in an oval-conoidal (funnel) shape the base of the tank 1 with a cone angle γ≤120 ° by means of an intake pipe 5 and a dispensing valve 6 and a flow meter R _p installed in it is connected to a nozzle 7 of the jet pump 8 passive for the preparation (Fig. 2), containing an annular prechamber 9, coupled to the act willow nozzle 10 with profiled outer 11 and inner 12 walls of the active nozzle, mixing chamber 13, diffuser 14. Both walls 11 and 12 are conoidal in shape. The mixing chamber 13, the diffuser 14 and the annular prechamber 9 are equipped with an abrasion-resistant coating 15, which is fixed by a split figured ring 16 and flanges 17. The inlet part of the jet pump housing 8 is enclosed in a casing 18 connected by means of flanges 19 to the intake pipe 5 for the preparation, and the outlet part diffuser 14 by means of flanges 20 and discharge pipe 21 - with the cavity of the pickling chamber 22 with a disk atomizer 23 located in it and connected in the upper part to the feed hopper - not etched Myan 24, and in the lower part - with the unloading screw of the pickled seeds 25.

In turn, the annular prechamber 9 of the jet pump 8 is connected by means of a nozzle 26 (Fig. 1, 2) and a pressure pipe 27 with a flow meter Р _B , a metering pump 28 and a metering valve 29 to a water supply source (not shown). In addition, the tank 1 is equipped with a filler neck 30 containing a radial hole (not shown) for communicating the cavity of the tank 1 with the atmosphere.

The device operates as follows.

At the beginning of the work shift, tank 1 is filled with the drug through the neck 30 and the system is adjusted by means of metering valves 6 and 29 and hydraulic pump 28 to the specified mode of its operation, which corresponds to the proportion of the dosage of the drug and water, l / min, for mixing in the mixing chamber 13 jet pump 8 for a given seed dresser productivity, t / h

When using powdered preparations or multicomponent mixtures of preparations for seed treatment, a mechanical stirrer 3 with an electric drive 4 is installed in tank 1.

They include the main working bodies for feeding seeds from the hopper 24 to the dressing chamber 22 with the subsequent opening of the metering valve 29 for the intake and supply of water to the prechamber 9 of the jet pump 8 and the valve 6 for collecting the drug from the tank 1 and its receipt through pipeline 5 through the passive nozzle 7 of the jet pump 8 into the mixing chamber 13 due to the resulting vacuum at the pressure drop in it and the diffuser 14. The resulting mixture of media from the mixing chamber 13 enters the diffuser 14, in which the kinetic energy of the jet of the mixture is partially converted binds to potential energy. The resulting mixture from the diffuser 14 through the injection discharge pipe 21 enters a rotating disk sprayer 23, creating inside the pickling chamber 22 a continuous dispersed torch sprayed by the RG, enveloping the preparation with an annular flow of seeds, then entering the unloading screw 25 and then to the grain crop or to the seed drill refill ( not shown). Upon completion of the work, the tank 1 through the neck 30 is filled with clean water and the system is flushed.

The use of one tank for the drug with a capacity of up to 65 dm ³ with the release of the RJ preparation with a capacity of 200-300 dm ³ allows to reduce the specific material consumption of the device, reduce labor and energy costs for preparing the RJ, increase the operational coefficient of use of shift time and, accordingly, the shift productivity of the dresser due to elimination operations for refueling the unit with the components of the drug and preparation of the cancer eliminate drug losses and environmental pollution by reducing technological stops for filling the tank with water and drugs and mixing them while improving the labor hygiene of service personnel, as well as reduce the water consumption for washing a large tank from drug residues.

Claims (2)

1. The system for preparing the working fluid of seed disinfectants, including a tank for receiving water and a preparation, a hydraulic mixer, an intake-pressure line, a hydraulic pump, a dressing chamber, a seed hopper and an unloading screw, characterized in that the intake-pressure line is equipped with a jet pump, passive a nozzle through which the intake duct with mounted therein a dosing cock and a flow meter connected to a tank containing the drug with 65 ^dm3 equipped with a mechanical stirrer with a detachable electric drive And the active nozzle of the jet pump via the annular prechamber, the flow conduit defined therein a dosing cock, hydraulic pump and a flow meter connected to a water source and the mixing chamber and diffuser means are connected to the discharge line camera seed dressing. 2. The invention according to p. 1, characterized in that the removable mixer is installed in a vertical plane along the entire height of the tank of cylindrical shape, and its base is made in an oval-conoidal shape with a cone angle γ≤120 °.

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