RU2625659C1 - Caterpillar combine harvester for harvesting roughage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: caterpillar combine harvester for harvesting roughage contains a replaceable adapter 1, a feeding device 2, a shredding drum 6, a silage duct 7, a caterpillar truck 8, a screw press 10 with a loading hopper 11 and an outlet opening. The feeding device 2 has in the lower part a window with transverse guides serving as cutoff devices of the lower ribbed reversible rollers 5. The screw press 10 is mounted in the rear part of the combine harvester coaxially with its longitudinal axis. At the butt of the loading hopper 11, from the side of the silage duct 7, a loading window 14 is made. Below the outlet opening 12 of the screw press 10, to the rear of the frame 15 of the caterpillar truck 8 of the combine harvester, a rubber-fabric band 16 is fixed at one end, the free end of which rests on the soil.

EFFECT: caterpillar harvester for harvesting roughage reduces the harmful effect on the soil.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to combines for harvesting roughage.

It can be used in caterpillar forage harvesters working in the zone of increased soil moisture.

A known combine for harvesting coarse feed (see Patent RU No. 2095962, 04/13/92, IPC A01D 43/08, bull. No. 32, 11/20/97), containing a removable adapter, caterpillar mover, feed-grinding apparatus with a silo conduit, motor installation , own storage hopper, motor installation.

One of the drawbacks of this combine is that it cannot be used when harvesting grass for hay or hay, as the mowed grass mass, passing through the feed rollers, enters the chopping drum.

In addition, the chassis of the combine has a harmful technogenic effect on the soil due to an increase in the total weight of the combine when filling its own storage hopper with ground mass.

A known harvester for harvesting coarse feed (see Patent RU No. 2361386, February 26, 2008, IPC A01D 43/08, A01D 43/10, bull. No. 20, 07/20/2009), containing a removable adapter, feeding and grinding apparatus with feed rollers and grinding drum, silo, caterpillar mover, motor unit, its own storage hopper, articulated with the front on the frame and the back on two hydraulic cylinders.

Inside the casing of the feeding apparatus, under the lower ribbed reversible feeding rollers, an unloading window is formed formed between its sidewalls and transverse guides, which simultaneously serve as cut-offs of the lower ribbed reversing feeding rollers.

One of the drawbacks of this combine is that the chassis of the combine has a harmful technogenic effect on the soil due to an increase in the total weight of the combine when filling its own hopper - drive with ground mass.

In addition, due to the relatively high location of the loading window of its own hopper - drive, the combine has a relatively long silo conduit.

The purpose of the invention:

1. To reduce the harmful technological effect on the soil from the chassis of the combine.

2. Reduce the height of the feed of the crushed mass into the loading window.

This goal is achieved by the fact that at the end of the loading hopper on the side of the silo, a loading window is made, while under the outlet of the screw press to the rear of the frame of the caterpillar trolley of the combine, one rubber band is fixed at one end, the free end of which rests on the soil.

At the free end of the rubber band in the middle, there is a belt with buckle holes fixed with a belt on a screw press.

Outside the sleeve of the outlet screw of the screw press, an annular protrusion is made for fixing on it with the help of a clamp of a polymer container made in the form of a plastic bag.

A sensor with an alarm for filling a plastic bag is installed on the screw press.

Thus, the inventive tracked harvester for harvesting roughage meets the criterion of "Novelty."

Signs that distinguish the claimed technological solution from the prototype, in other technical solutions in this area are not identified, which allows us to conclude that the inventive tracked combine for harvesting forage meets the criterion of "significant differences".

In FIG. 1 shows a caterpillar harvester for harvesting coarse fodder: silo, left view; in FIG. 2 - combine harvester for harvesting roughage: for haylage, left view, in FIG. 3 is a view A of FIG. 1 in a perspective view; in FIG. 4 - tracked harvester for harvesting coarse fodder: for haylage - mowing grass with the formation of a roll, left view.

The inventive tracked harvester for harvesting coarse feed (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) contains a removable adapter 1, a feeding apparatus 2, having a window 3 in the lower part with transverse guides serving as cutters 4 of the lower ribbed reversing rollers 5, grinding drum 6, silo 7, a caterpillar truck 8 and a motor unit 9, a screw press 10 mounted in the rear of the harvester coaxially with its longitudinal axis with a feed hopper 11 and an outlet 12.

At the end 13 of the loading hopper 11 from the side of the silo 7, a loading window 14 is made, while under the outlet 12 of the screw press 10 to the rear of the frame 15 of the tracked cart 8 of the combine one rubber band 16 is fixed at one end, the free end of which rests on the soil.

At the free end of the rubber band 16 in the middle, a belt 17 is fastened under the buckle 18, fastened with the belt 19 to the screw press 10.

Outside of the sleeve 20 of the outlet 12 of the screw press 10 (Fig. 3), an annular protrusion 21 is made for fixing thereon by means of a clamp 22 of a polymer container made in the form of a plastic bag 23.

A sensor 24 is installed on the screw press 10 with an indicator 25 for filling a plastic bag 23.

Before starting the harvester for harvesting coarse fodder, it is necessary to put on the open part of the plastic bag 23 on the annular protrusion 21 made outside the sleeve 20 of the outlet 12 of the screw press 10 and fix it on the annular protrusion 21 using the clamp 22 with the possibility of air coming out of the plastic bag 23 and lay the rest of it on the free end of the rubber band 16, fixed at one end under the outlet 12 of the screw press 10 to the rear of the frame 15 of the tracked truck 8 of the combine, the free end to The latter relies on the soil, fastening the belt 17 with holes on the buckle 18, fastened with the belt 19 on the screw press 10.

The drive on the course and on the working bodies of the combine is carried out from the motor unit 9.

The harvester for the preparation of roughage works as follows:

- On the silage blank:

When the combine is moving along the field (Fig. 1), the interchangeable adapter 1, for example, the header, cuts off the silage mass and directs it to the feeder 2, which has a window 3 with transverse guides serving as cutters 4 of the lower ribbed reversible rollers 5 that guide the silo the mass to the grinding drum 6, where it is crushed and through the silo conduit 7 enters the feed hopper 11 of the screw press 10 installed in the rear of the combine coaxially with its longitudinal axis.

The crushed silo mass enters the loading hopper 11 through the loading window 14, made from the silo side at the end 13 of the loading hopper 11, which contributes to the uniform distribution of the crushed silo mass in the loading hopper 11.

When filling the plastic bag 23 with pressed mass, it will straighten until it is completely filled and its shell rests on the sensor 24, which at the other end presses the button of the signaling device 25, and sound and light signals will be generated in the operator’s cabin (not shown in Fig.) .

The topography of the field also contributes to the good filling of the plastic bag 23, which, when the combine is moving, acts from below on the consolidated end of the rubber-fabric tape 16, and through it also on the shell of the plastic bag 23.

After filling the plastic bag 23 with a pressed mass, it is delivered to the edge of the field or road, the buckle 18 is released from the belt 17 with holes, and the open part of the plastic bag 23 is removed from the clamp 22, removed from the annular protrusion 21 and its open part is packaged in a known manner, for example heating and compression of the edges.

To remove the packed plastic bag 23 filled with pressed mass from the free end of the rubber fabric tape 16, it is enough for the combine to drive forward until the plastic bag 23 comes off the free end of the rubber fabric tape 16.

Installation on the screw press 10 of the subsequent plastic bag 23 is also carried out as described above: "before starting the combine for harvesting roughage ..."

- on the silage blank:

Before starting the harvester for harvesting roughage, the direction of rotation of the lower ribbed reversing rollers 5 is changed and the rubber fabric belt 16 is removed from the rear of the frame 15 of the tracked cart 8 of the combine (Fig. 4).

When the combine is moving along the field (Fig. 4), the interchangeable adapter 1, for example, the header, cuts the grass and directs it to the feeder 2 to the lower ribbed reversible rollers 5, which flatten the grass stems and guide them into the window 3 with transverse guides serving as cutters 4 lower ribbed reversible rollers 5, forming a roll, similarly to the prototype.

After drying the mowed grass formed in the roll, the direction of rotation of the lower ribbed rollers 5 of the feeding apparatus 2 (Fig. 2) is changed and the rubber fabric belt 16 is mounted on the rear of the frame 15 of the tracked cart 8 of the combine.

When the combine is moving across the field (Fig. 2), the interchangeable adapter 1, for example a picker, picks up the flattened stems of the dried grass and directs them to the feeding apparatus 2, which has a window 3 with transverse guides in the lower part serving as cutters 4 of the lower ribbed reversible rollers 5, which send dried grass to the chopping drum 6, where it is chopped and fed through the silo 7 to the feed hopper 11 of the screw press 10 installed in the rear of the harvester coaxially with its longitudinal axis.

Further flow of the process is similar to the flow of the process described above when harvesting roughage for silage (Fig. 1).

Using the proposed combine for harvesting roughage will allow:

1. To reduce the harmful technological impact on the soil from the chassis of the combine due to the redistribution of the silage mass on the rubber band.

2. To reduce the mass of the silo by reducing the height of the feed of the crushed mass into the loading window.

Claims (4)

1. Caterpillar harvester for harvesting coarse feed, comprising a removable adapter, a feeding apparatus having a window in the lower part with transverse guides serving as cutters for the lower ribbed reversing rollers, a chopping drum, a silo conduit, a caterpillar cart, a motor unit, a screw press with a loading hopper and an output a hole installed in the rear of the harvester coaxially with its longitudinal axis, characterized in that a loading window is made at the end of the loading hopper from the side of the silo, with an exit th hole screw press toward the rear of track roller frames combine with one end fixed rubber-belt, the free end of which rests on the ground. 2. Caterpillar harvester for harvesting coarse feed according to claim 1, characterized in that a belt with holes for buckle fastened with a belt to the screw press is fixed on the free end of the rubber fabric belt in the middle. 3. The caterpillar harvester for harvesting coarse feed according to claim 1, characterized in that an annular protrusion is made outside the sleeve of the screw outlet of the screw press for fixing thereon by clamping a polymer container made in the form of a plastic bag. 4. The caterpillar harvester for harvesting coarse feed according to claim 1, characterized in that a sensor with a signaling device for filling a plastic bag is installed on the screw press.

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