RU2619523C1 - Water flow energy damper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: energy damper comprises the water duct 1, the vertical pipe head 2, the branch pipe 3 with the water outlet windows 4 and with the L-shaped jet-directing inclined walls 5. The end portion of the branch pipe 3 is made as a cone 8. The visor 9 with the ejecting opening 10 is attached above the cone 8. The damper also comprises the water intake chamber 6 in the form of a truncated cone installed in the well 11 with the expanding part downwards, coaxially to the branch pipe 3. In the expanded part, the chamber 6 is provided with inclined bars of the grating 12. The side wall of the chamber 6 of the housing 7 has the pipeline 14 for supplying atmospheric air or supplying reagent solutions in order to prevent the hydrobiological fouling of the outer surfaces of the branch pipe 3 with the jet-directing elements 5.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency and uniformity of unit cost distribution, reducing near-bottom speeds in the flow and improving the device reliability; the device design is simple in operation.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used to quench the water stream after pressure pipes in the receiving chamber.

A flow energy damper for a tubular water outlet is known, including a tubular head mounted horizontally in a water well with holes in the side walls and a reflector at the end, and the head is made in the form of an expanding truncated cone and is equipped with an expanding swirl of water flow installed at the beginning of the head, and the holes in the side walls of the head are made in the form of transverse slotted perforation, and the water well is made in the form of a truncated half-cone, the taper angle of which is equal to or pain more than the taper angle of the head, in addition, the reflector is made in the form of a round transverse plate with trapezoidal concentric holes, and the transverse slit perforation in the side walls of the head is made using holes with an area increasing to its end (Copyright certificate SU No. 1435690, ЕВВ 8/06 from 11/07/1988).

A disadvantage of the known flow energy absorber is that it cannot control both the upper and lower levels in the well, which means that its efficiency and reliability are reduced, while during operation it is not possible to accurately and flexibly control the flow quenching with varying flow rates supply pipe from maximum to minimum. If at the time of quenching, the inflow of water into the well will be less than the well was calculated, then the water horizon in the well will have little effect on the exit of the jets from the holes and thereby wave phenomena, splashes, i.e. automatic regulation of the pressure value is not performed. Such a quencher cannot quench when a certain level of water in the well is reduced, which limits its use in closed tubular and tunnel water outlets.

Known spillway, including located in the body of the retaining structure above the downstream mixing chamber, pressure galleries with gates connected with the upper pool and connected to the mixing chamber towards each other, an air duct communicating the mixing chamber with the atmosphere, a water chamber located under the mixing chamber, and a discharge water conduit connecting the water chamber to the downstream, while it is equipped with a transverse water wall installed in the water chamber under the mixing chamber and made with a concave face turned up and towards the upstream in a quarter of a cylindrical surface, the radius of which is equal to the length of the mixing chamber (Copyright certificate SU No. 1504307, ЕОВВ 8/06 of 08/30/1989).

The disadvantage is that the collisions of the flows in the mixing chamber mainly depart from the center of the chamber, the flattening of the rotating stream is formed due to the rectangular shape of the chamber in cross section, i.e. The square shape of the camera is missing. Another disadvantage is that in the body of the retaining structure - the dam, the chamber is connected to the outlet conduit in the form of a pipe with flooding from the downstream to reduce the kinetic energy of the stream leaving the conduit. However, in such water conduits - this is a small capacity of flooded with exhaust air, in which the movement of the flow occurs in the form of cork flow in it. Thus, from the outlet (slot) in the water chamber, the outlet is located closer to the ceiling of the outlet pipe (water conduit), air accumulation occurs, since the downstream is flooded and such plugs cannot be completely eliminated. In addition, the possibility of a water hammer is not excluded, which negatively affects the reliability of the structure as a whole and is not efficient enough when working in the open channel mode due to design flaws, while it is cumbersome and, as a result, material intensive.

The closest to the proposed purpose, technical nature and achievement of the result is the energy damper of the spillway device, including an underwater pipe, a conical expanding conduit, in which a flow swirl and a reflector with holes are installed, while it contains a vertical chamber in the form of a truncated cone, the surface of which is installed in the well downward, the expanding part is coaxial to the nozzle with the possibility of enclosing a swirler of flow in it and a fixed movement relative to the nozzle, The side wall of the chamber is made with a curved surface in the direction of flow to the outlet windows at the junction of the outer wall of the pipe (Patent RU No. 2484201, EV 8/06 of 01/24/2012).

The disadvantages of the known device: complexity and, as a consequence, a large material consumption, and this leads to a complication of operational reliability, i.e. insufficient efficiency of its operation; the device at the outlet of the well has additional retaining structures for complete damping of the flow; the location of the telescopic pipe (optional) with a bend eliminates the intake of atmospheric air or the supply of reagent solutions in order to prevent hydrobiological fouling of the outer surfaces of the head. In addition, this device has insufficient perfection of hydraulic local resistances during flow swirling.

The technical result from the use of the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency and distribution of unit costs across the width of the damper and lower bottom velocity in the stream and simplify the design.

The technical result is achieved in that in a water flow energy absorber, including a submarine pipe, a conically expanding water conduit, which contains a vertical chamber in the form of a truncated cone, the surface of which is installed in the well downward by the expanding part coaxially to the pipe, and the side wall of the chamber is made with a curved surface in the direction of movement flow, a conically expanding conduit in the form of a pipe is introduced into the upper part of the vertical chamber and is equipped with water outlet windows with L-shaped flow lines yuschimi inclined walls, the nozzle end is a cone over which the top of the truncated cone is configured with a visor ejecting opening, and the base of the truncated cone formed lattice rods mounted at an angle to the direction of incident flow.

In addition, the housing in the form of a chamber is equipped with an air pipe, one end of which is passed through the side wall of the housing, and the other is in communication with the atmosphere.

In addition, in order to prevent hydrobiological fouling of the outer surfaces of the nozzle head, the pipeline in the side wall of the housing serves as a supply of reagent solutions.

The implementation of the absorber of interconnected elements contributes to the quenching of the energy of the water stream by repeatedly changing the direction of movement of the incoming water stream through the water conduit in the form of a pipe, the upper part of which in the zone of the vertical chamber is made with water outlet windows with L-shaped directional inclined walls, with intensive collision jets and falling onto the inclined lattice rods (at an angle) there is an effective residual quenching of the excess kinetic energy of the water stream , the overall dimensions of the device are reduced in the entire range of flow rates, and the hydraulic characteristics of the flow are improved due to the rarefaction formed during the flow of water around the chamber body. Moreover, the proposed device is simpler in design and its use reduces the cost of improving the known energy absorbers of a water stream. Ultimately, the dynamic characteristics of the damper are improved.

In FIG. 1 shows a water flow energy absorber in plan; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. one.

The water flow energy absorber includes a horizontal section of the water conduit 1, in the end vertical extension the head of the pipe 2 in the form of an expanding cone facing upwards, contains a pipe 3 with water outlet 4 with L-shaped directional inclined walls 5 installed along the height of the pipe 3 and oriented to the side the wall of the water intake chamber 6 of the housing 7. The end of the pipe 3 is made by a cone 8, over which a visor 9 is fixed with an ejection hole 10. The water reception chamber 6 is expanded in its base, facing down part, is installed in the well 11 and is connected to the expanded head of the pipe 2 by rods in the form of a lattice 12. In this case, the ejection hole 10 in the visor 9 forms a rarefaction outside the head of the pipe 3, which is formed when water flows around the body 7. The camera 6 also allows you not to delay the air congestion released at the stream. The rods of the grate 12, installed at an angle to the direction of flow towards the bottom of the well 11, additionally quench the incident stream of water.

Since a multiple change in the direction of movement of water discharged from the water intake chamber 6 is ensured, in combination with its high inlet speed and low outlet speed when it enters the well 11, the water flow extinguishes the kinetic energy at the entrance to the well 11.

The well 11 is connected to the discharge channel 13. The water intake chamber 6 provides through the housing 7 in its wall a pipe 14 for supplying atmospheric air. In addition, the pipeline 14 also serves to supply reagent solutions in order to prevent hydrobiological fouling of the external surfaces of the pipe 3. L-shaped flow guide walls 5 installed along the height of the pipe 3 relative to each other towards the side wall of the housing 7 (inside the chamber 6) can change tilt angle (not shown for simplicity). In general, in the well 11 and at the beginning of the discharge channel 13 bottom bottom velocities decrease.

The energy absorber of the water stream operates as follows.

The pressure stream from the water supply conduit 1 rises vertically upwards to the expanding head 2 and the pipe 3. The water coming from the supply water 1 through the water outlet 4 with the L-shaped directional inclined walls 5 flows further into the chamber 6. The interaction of the upper flow layer in the area of the pipe 3, formed by L-shaped flow guide walls 5 and insulated inner side walls of the housing 7 of the chamber 6, directs the flow to the inclined grate 12, further expands the flow of water to the jets upon receipt and them to the surface of the water in the well 11, which makes it possible to substantially protect the discharge channel 13 from erosion in the immediate vicinity of the well 11. Due to the suppression of the ripple in the water flow in the well 11, the dynamic loads on the structure are not as high as in cases when the damping is carried out only by twisting devices, which will allow to extinguish the excess kinetic energy of the flow over a shorter length of the outlet channel. The use of ejection allows you to remove the accumulated air in the upper part of the chamber to the outside through the hole in the visor above the vertical pipe 3, which increases the flow rate of water passing in the damper energy of the water stream. The pipeline 14 itself also serves to supply reagent solutions in order to prevent hydrobiological fouling of the internal surfaces of the pipe.

The proposed device can be used to extinguish the energy of a water stream in various hydraulic structures. A feature of the present invention lies in its simplicity of construction and its use reduces the cost of water energy absorbers, and therefore, the reliability of the energy absorbent of a water stream increases; eliminates the need for an additional well in the downstream channel.

Claims (3)

1. The energy absorber of the water stream, including the inlet pipe, a conically expanding conduit, which contains a vertical chamber in the form of a truncated cone, the surface of which is installed in the well downward by the expanding part coaxially to the nozzle, and the side wall of the chamber is made with a curved surface in the direction of flow, characterized in that a conically expanding water conduit in the form of a pipe is introduced into the upper part of the vertical chamber and is equipped with water outlet windows with L-shaped oblique directional inclined pipes nkami, wherein the pipe end is cone over which the top of the truncated cone is configured with a visor ejecting opening, and the base of the truncated cone formed lattice rods mounted at an angle to the direction of incident flow. 2. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing in the form of a chamber is equipped with an air pipe, one end of which is passed through the side wall of the housing, and the other is in communication with the atmosphere. 3. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to prevent hydrobiological fouling of the outer surfaces of the nozzle head, the pipeline in the side wall of the housing serves as a supply of reagent solutions.

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