RU2619503C1 - Bore for stuck wheeled vehicle pulling by means of the winch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: bore for pulling of stuck wheeled vehicle by means of the winch includes the bracket and handle, placed in the upper part of the bore, and the pointed screw, located in the lower part of the bore. In the upper part, below the bracket and handle, the bore is equipped with the support blades, placed by means of the fastening elements on the bore axis, with ability to rotate the supporting blades around the bore axis. The pressure ring is rigidly mounted over the supporting blades and the support ring is rigidly mounted under the supporting blades.

EFFECT: simplification of the self-pulling device design.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of operation of road transport, and in particular to devices for self-extraction of a car stuck in soils with low bearing capacity. The present invention solves the problem of self-extraction of the car using a winch in the absence of nearby trees or any other supports, while the winch can be both part of the car, and complete with a drill.

From the studied prior art, the applicant has identified a large number of relevant documents related to self-extracting devices of the car as a whole, or intended to pull a stuck car out of the mud, or moving it in a garage. The following is general information on some features of these structures and their classification by purpose and features in general is made.

According to the applicant, self-extracting devices from the ground can be divided into the following main groups:

1) Devices for increasing the maneuverability of the car, mounted directly on the wheel, namely on tires and wheel disks:

- devices that prevent wheel slippage, temporarily attached to tires, for example, lugs (RU 2102251, RU 2003493, RU 2211766, RU 2145929), special chains, etc .;

- devices that are mounted or using the drive wheel as a winch drum (RU 2423247, AS No. 32936), as well as drum devices that replace the winch (AS No. 74622, RU 2254286, RU 2466925);

2) Devices for increasing maneuverability of the car, placed under the wheel (A, p. No. 32936, A.S. No. 63949);

3) Methods using devices installed at a certain distance from the car and pulling a stuck car onto themselves (RU 2514323), as well as Sputnik type hand winches;

4) Lugs or hoists installed under the frame or on the car frame (RU 2198109, RU 2340482, AS No. 1567426);

5) Using a winch mounted on a car (A.S. 209975).

All these devices solve the task of pulling out a stuck car in the presence of some restrictive conditions, namely: for the operation of devices of the 1st and 2nd group, a preliminary lift of the car is required or it is necessary to install the device in advance, and the car is in the mud.

In addition, for the operation of drum devices with a cable (group 1), it is necessary to have a suitable support, for example, a tree or a reliable hemp, for which you can catch. At the same time, since the pulling force does not fall in the center of the car (the device is located on the wheel), it is possible to turn the car when it is pulled out and the cable to jump off the drum.

In general, these devices can work exclusively in places where there are any supports, and in the field they will not fulfill their task, since there is nothing to catch on there.

Devices of the third group require reliable installation and fastening outside the car.

For example, the design of the anchor is known, which is a set of metal stakes that are driven into the ground, connected together and connected to the nearest stake is the winch cable of a car (see, for example, the Internet resource http: //www.chevy niva.ru/viewtopic .php? p = 5348364). Such anchors are unlikely to work when used in loose soil, therefore, are not indicated in the comparative table (Fig. 1) and were not subjected to further detailed analysis.

As a plus of these designs, their simplicity can be noted. The disadvantage is that you need to have a sledgehammer with you for clogging the stakes, as well as the fact that the stakes will be pulled out of the soil by the car. As a rule, stakes are made of steel, have a length of 60-80 cm, and therefore the whole structure together with a sledgehammer has a fairly significant weight.

The devices of the fourth group are complex in design and may fail when working in mud conditions.

The devices of the fifth group are the simplest known, for example, an anchor for a winch is known, which is a metal frame that is nailed to the ground with six metal pins, and the winch cable clings to the frame. Such an anchor is hardly functional when used in loose soil.

The claimed technical solution relates to the fifth group of devices, i.e. to the simplest self-extracting car devices. As a result of this, the applicant carried out studies in respect of the very simplest devices used to self-extract the car.

A known analogue [1] is a home-made screw with a ring for pulling out a car of Victor Voronov (see Internet resource http://video-pro-koshak.ru/video/eHNiV19zZ082Tk0%3D, photo not shown), which is a drill made of pipes with a pointed nose and a wire screw welded on it. The design is a home-made screw with a ring located in the upper part of the drill, rotating which, for example, with a crowbar, wrap the drill in the ground and then hook the cable to it. The advantages of this device is its simplicity, low weight and the possibility of its manufacture, even in a garage. The disadvantages of [1] are:

1. In soft soil, the device is inoperative, because pulled out of the ground.

2. An additional scrap or other similar item for the lever is necessary to screw the screw into the ground. At the same time, the screw power is insufficient for some types of soil, because in use, a sledgehammer is required to drive the screw into the ground.

The analogue [2] is known, the so-called “Georgian anchor” (see the Internet resource http://www.niva-faq.msk.ru/ekspluat/vne_asf/tehn_sr/lebedka/grya.htm) for a winch, which is a metal a plate with a metal rod welded to it (Fig. 2) and its modifications. The disadvantage of using this device and its modifications is that during operation the anchor buries into the ground and there is an additional problem of extracting the anchor from the ground. According to Internet users, even an improved anchor needs to be dragged several times in loose soil to get a positive result. At the same time, a sledgehammer is also necessary for its use.

The main disadvantages of the above devices in comparison with the claimed technical solution are:

1. Low work efficiency in loose soil.

2. The need to use additional tools, in particular - sledgehammers or scrap.

3. Take up a lot of space in the trunk of a car.

4. There is a problem of removing the device from the soil after its use, which greatly complicates their intended use.

The closest technical solution chosen by the applicant as the closest analogue (prototype) [3], in terms of the combination of matching features and the technical result achieved, is the Sputnik manual winch, designed to pull out stuck cars and other light vehicles, as well as to move to the shore from the water of motor boats and boats (Fig. 3) (see. Internet resource http://www.suzukovod.ru/showtread/php?t=1942).

The essence of the known technical solution is a design consisting of a drill, a manual winch, a handle that serves to rotate the winch and wind the drill.

The main disadvantages of the prototype are its large size and weight, because The structure of the design has a built-in winch with a cable. At the same time, the Sputnik manual winch has weak traction, is inoperative in soft soil (the drill first bends and then is pulled out, and the car remains in the same position), has a low cable strength - the existing thin cable breaks, not withstanding the load (tested in practice on car "Niva - 2121").

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by the following illustrations.

In FIG. 1 is a table of a comparative analysis of the matching features of the claimed technical solution and analogues to substantiate the choice of the closest analogue (prototype) by the applicant, where the “+” sign indicates the presence of an analogue of the attribute that matches the one of the claimed device, the “-” sign indicates the absence of this analogue sign. In the last column, the “+” sign indicates the presence of a distinguishing feature of the claimed device in comparison with the total characteristics of all analogues.

In FIG. 2 presents a view (photo) of the analogue [1] - “Georgian Anchor”.

In FIG. 3 shows a view (photo) of the prototype [3] - Sputnik manual winch.

In FIG. 4 presents a view (photo) of a full-scale sample - an embodiment of the claimed technical solution.

In FIG. 5 presents drawings of a general view and additional views of the claimed device (Fig. 5.1 - 5.5, respectively), where 1 is a drill, 2 is a handle, 3 are supporting blades, 4 are upper half rings, 5 are lower half rings, 6 is the lower supporting ring, 7 - upper pressure ring, 8 - plate with bracket.

The objective of the claimed technical solution is to create a stand-alone device with a low weight and simplicity of design, which can ensure the effective pulling of a vehicle stuck in a sagging field using a winch and enable convenient operation of the device due to the design features, namely, providing a screw-in that is convenient for the user and unscrewing a drill equipped with supporting blades entering the soil.

The problem is solved due to the fact that, in contrast to the closest analogues, namely, a home-made screw with a ring for pulling out the car of Victor Voronov, the Georgian Anchor and the manual satellite winch, the claimed technical solution eliminates the disadvantages of the analogues and provides, in comparison with them, the implementation of the tasks.

The essence of the claimed technical solution lies in the fact that the drill for pulling out a stuck wheeled vehicle with a winch, containing a bracket and a handle located in the upper part of the drill and a pointed screw located in the lower part of the drill, is characterized in that in the upper part, lower staples and handles, it is equipped with supporting blades placed by means of fasteners on the axis of the drill, with the possibility of rotation of the supporting blades around the axis of the drill, while a pressure ring is rigidly mounted above the supporting blades, and a support ring is rigidly mounted under the support blades, the drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that the support blades are placed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drill, with the possibility of rotation around the axis of the drill, the drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that the support blades are placed "X" -shaped and conditionally intersect the longitudinal axis of the drill, with the possibility of rotation around the axis of the drill, the drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that the support blades are made with the possibility of mounting and dismounting with the possibility of ensuring ease of transportation and operation.

In more detail, the essence of the claimed technical solution lies in the fact that the claimed device can be installed by the user without special efforts, screwed into the ground due to (for example) rotation clockwise around the axis of the drill, as a result of which the blades of the drill move into the soil under the pressure of the pressure ring on the upper mounting ring of the scapula, thereby ensuring the depth of the scapula in the soil to the required depth, and its (device) removal from the ground also without much effort, due to the impact of the support ring on the bottom Fastening of the blade ring, thereby eliminating the need for transportation in the vehicle and additional tools, such as scrap, sledge hammer, shovel.

The claimed device is designed to work in conjunction with a winch, which can be permanently installed on the car or can be attached to the car or drill additionally.

The device consists of the drill itself, with coaxial supporting blades placed on it, which are pressed and squeezed out of the ground due to the rotation of the drill around its axis. Moreover, the number of blades can be at least two, when they are placed on the same axis with the drill. If there are several blades, for example, more than two, they can be placed "X" -shaped on the same axis with the drill.

A variant is possible due to the placement of one blade parallel to the plane of the drill at some distance from the axis of the drill, with the possibility of its (shoulder) rotation around the axis of the drill.

In the case of FIG. 4 (photo of an embodiment), the drill is placed in the middle of the blade plane, symmetrically to the axis of the drill, in order to exclude it (drill) from unfolding when pulling the car.

A schematic diagram of the device is shown in FIG. 5, which shows five sketches (Fig. 5.1-5.5, respectively), revealing the structural features of the claimed technical solution.

The device consists of a drill 1, a handle 2, two support vanes 3, two upper half rings 4, two lower half rings 5, a lower support ring 6, an upper pressure ring 7, a plate 8 with a bracket.

The drill for pulling a stuck car with a winch (Fig. 5.1-5.5) is a cylinder with a pointed screw tip. In the upper part of the drill, a plate with a bracket 8 is welded or connected in any other way for mounting the winch cable and the handle 2 (Fig. 5.2) for wrapping the drill in the ground. For convenience, the handle has the ability to rise in a vertical plane when screwing the drill into the ground or lower when turning the drill out of the ground, as well as when folding the drill in the stowed position. For ease of operation and transportation, the handle can be folded or telescopic.

To increase the area of the support, the drill has two removable support blades 3 (Fig. 5.3), attached to the upper part of the cylinder by two half rings 4 and 5 (Fig. 5.4, 5.5), with fasteners serving simultaneously as stiffeners for the support blades.

Alternatively, one blade can be made more rigid by simply welding it with the central axis of the blade area to the rings around the drill body. In this case, the drill will not be detachable, however, this will not affect the main function of the drill - ensuring the car is pulled.

To reduce the resistance to the entry of the blades into the soil, the lower edge of the blades and half rings with stiffeners must be sharpened. Sharpening the edges of the blade can be one-sided or two-sided.

The blades have free rotation around the body of the drill. When screwing the drill into the ground, the blades are set by the user in a perpendicular plane to the direction of pulling the stuck car.

When the drill rotates, the support blades are pressed into the ground under the pressure of the pressure ring 7 (Fig. 5.1). The pressure ring can have a cross section of any shape, its main function is to ensure that the supporting blades are pressed into the ground when the drill is screwed in. Pressure is transmitted to the upper half-rings of the blades. The lower support ring 6 (Fig. 5.2) can be of any shape in cross section, providing a decrease in resistance when the drill enters the ground, in the presented embodiment, the cross section of the ring has the shape of a rectangular triangle. The main function of the lower ring is to squeeze the support blades out of the ground when the drill is turned out at the end of the vehicle pulling operation, and also provide additional resistance if the drill is undesirably pulled out of the ground. That part of the lower edge of the support blades, which touches the working surface of the support ring, is not sharpened. On this surface (the lower face of the support blades) and on the counter surface of the lower mounting half-rings, the support ring is pressed when the drill is pulled out of the ground.

The device operates as follows.

When hit on the ground with low bearing capacity, the car plunges into the ground and needs extraneous pulling force to pull it out to overcome this obstacle or move to the side.

The drill 1 is assembled as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5. Unwind the winch cable to the place of installation of the drill. The drill 1 is installed vertically to the ground, while the supporting blades 3 are installed in a perpendicular plane to the direction of pulling the car. The mounting rings of the support blades (4 and 5) have a larger diameter than the outer diameter of the drill body. Therefore, in the assembled state, the supporting blades rotate around the axis of the drill. Due to the free rotation of the support blades around the axis of the drill, they, touching the ground, remain in a plane perpendicular to the direction of pulling the car when the drill rotates. The drill is screwed into the ground until the support vanes 3 are completely submerged. The blades 3 are immersed in the soil under the pressure of the upper pressure ring 7 when the drill 1 is screwed into the soil. The handle of the drill 2 has freedom of movement in a vertical plane. Due to this, there is no need to bend during the gradual immersion of the drill 1, since the handle 2 rises upward in this movement, providing comfortable operation. The winch cable is attached to the bracket 8 and include a winch.

At the end of the pulling out, the winch cable is disconnected from the vehicle and the drill 1 is easily unscrewed from the ground. As the drill 1 is unscrewed and raised relative to the ground, the handle 2 drops down, while the supporting blades 3 are squeezed out of the ground under the pressure of the lower support ring 6. Thus, the drill 1 easily leaves the soil together with the blades 3.

In disassembled form, the drill takes up little space in the trunk, while there is no need to disconnect the handle, since it fits parallel to the body of the drill, thanks to the movable connection of the handle with the drill. Anticipating difficult road conditions, you can collect the drill in advance. In this case, the drill also does not take up much space, since the entire structure is flat. / To reduce the weight of the device, it is desirable to make the body of the drill and the handle hollow. In the above embodiment with removable blades (Fig. 4, Fig. 5), the supporting blades can be easily either dismantled or installed, depending on the soil conditions.

The claimed technical solution may have various structural options.

So, the supporting blades can be placed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drill, with the possibility of rotation around the axis of the drill.

The supporting blades can be placed "X" -shaped and conditionally intersect the longitudinal axis of the drill, with the possibility of rotation around the axis of the drill.

The supporting blades can be made with the possibility of mounting and dismounting with the possibility of ensuring the convenience of transportation and operation.

A comparative analysis of the claimed technical solution with analogues and prototype is shown in the Table in FIG. one.

An analysis of this Table shows that the closest technical solution chosen by the applicant as a prototype is the "Sputnik" device [3], because it has three common features, marked in the table by pluses.

It should be emphasized that the Sputnik prototype provides the ability to easily screw in and out of the ground, however, its main disadvantage is the low resistance (instability in the ground) when the winch pull is applied to it. A similar disadvantage exists with the Voronov screw [1].

The analogue “Georgian Anchor” [2] is characterized by the presence of a support scapula. At the same time, this feature, although it provides higher resistance to the influence of the winch (ensures its greater stability in the ground), however, does not prevent the anchor from being buried quite deep in the ground, which creates additional problems when removing it from the ground.

A more advanced version of the “Georgian Anchor”, described in the advertising materials, works as follows: going deeper into the ground, it unfolds under the influence of the winch’s efforts parallel to the horizon and slides in the ground towards the car being pulled out, plowing a furrow in the ground. This requires repeated repetition of the pulling process, which is inconvenient to use.

The claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty" presented to the invention, because from the investigated prior art is not revealed a combination of features presented in the claimed claims.

The claimed technical solution has the following advantages over analogues and prototype by eliminating their shortcomings, namely, it increases the stability (resistance) of the drill to pull out of the soil when applying a pulling force to it, and at the same time solves the problem of facilitating the process of introducing and removing the drill from the soil due to creative solution to the problem - in the claimed technical solution, it was possible to simultaneously combine in one device the advantages of each of the analogues, while eliminating the disadvantages of their properties by -similarity, since it was possible to simultaneously increase the stability of the drill in the ground and to increase the manufacturability of its installation and dismantling (it is easily screwed in and out of the ground and out of the ground). Moreover, the device is not difficult to manufacture, more technologically advanced during operation than the analogue of “Georgian anchor” [2], because does not require repeated repetition of the car pulling procedure - the declared drill does not go deeper into the ground when the winch pulls, remaining in place, and after pulling out a stuck car it is easily removed from the ground. Thus, in the claimed technical solution, it was possible to combine the advantages of analogues and at the same time eliminate all their disadvantages in one simple device.

Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step" for inventions, because from the prior art not identified technical solutions that have features identical to the claimed features of the claims of the alleged invention, ensuring the implementation of the stated goals. It should be noted that the claimed technical solution is sufficiently original due to the fact that the claimed combination of features eliminates the disadvantages inherent in both the prototype and other similar devices.

It can also be concluded that the claimed technical solution is not obvious to specialists due to the fact that it (the technical solution) provides for the elimination of the significant shortcomings and obstacles to the implementation of the task given by the applicant in the studied level of technology - the creation of a device for pulling the car out of the mud, having advantages over devices known from the prior art, for the implementation of this goal on the filing date of the claimed technical solution.

The claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "industrial applicability" to the invention, because implemented in the conditions of the welding laboratory of the Elabuga Institute (branch) of the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, it was successfully tested and proved the declared advantages during trial operation in the field. For example, experimental testing of the claimed technical solution for pulling out a Niva car showed its convenience and, most importantly, its operational efficiency, as in off-road conditions, not only this Niva car was pulled out of the mud, but also other cars stuck in the mud in the field. At the same time, car owners showed interest either in acquiring such a simple and effective device when it is available for sale, or in ordering it or making it for their own needs privately if there are sketches.

Information sources

[1] http://video-pro-koshak.ru/video/eHNiV19zZ082Tk0%3D.

[2] http://www.niva-faq.msk.ru/ekspluat/vne_asf/tehn_sr/lebedka/gray.htm.

[3] http://www.suzukovod.ru/showthread.php?=1942.

Claims (4)

1. The drill for pulling out a stuck wheeled vehicle using a winch, comprising a bracket and a handle located in the upper part of the drill, and a pointed screw located in the lower part of the drill, characterized in that the drill is equipped with supporting blades in the upper part below the bracket and handle, placed by means of fasteners on the axis of the drill with the possibility of rotation of the support vanes around the axis of the drill, while above the support vanes a pressure ring is rigidly mounted, and a support ring is rigidly mounted under the support vanes. 2. The drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the support vanes are placed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drill with the possibility of rotation around the axis of the drill. 3. The drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the support blades are placed "X" -shaped and conditionally intersect the longitudinal axis of the drill with the possibility of rotation around the axis of the drill. 4. The drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting blades are made with the possibility of mounting and dismounting with the possibility of ensuring the convenience of transportation and operation.

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