RU2619032C1 - Mechanism of indicating time by flexible indicating element on indicator shaft and clock containing such mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: mechanism of indicating time by the flexible indicator element on the indicator shaft, containing an indicator roller, a flexible indicator element, a system of placing and feeding the flexible indicator element, is characterized by the fact that the indicator roller is adapted to move along its axis and/or to rotate around its axis. The flexible indicator element and the indicator roller are engaged with each other to generate images of the Roman hour numerals on the indicator roller field. The clock contains a body, a dial with an aperture, a means for the time indication, a clock mechanism. The clock is characterised in that the time indication means provides the time indication mechanism with the flexible indicator element on the indicator shaft.

EFFECT: this display allows to increase the size of the time numbers on the display surface without increasing the dimensions of the clock device, the wear of the clockwork elements is reduced, higher clock performance is provided with such display mechanism due to the presence of only one easily removable element.

18 cl, 11 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to devices for measuring time, in particular to watch mechanisms, and can be used in the watch industry in the manufacture of both portable and stationary watches, the clock on which is made in the form of a flexible element on the shaft.

State of the art

As you know, the basis of the clockwork is the accumulation of mechanical energy during the watch factory and its transmission to the mechanism during the course of the clock. For this purpose, a clockwork engine is intended. At the same time, the requirement is the uniformity of energy transfer over a specified period of time, the duration of the clock, which is characterized by the constancy of torque provided by the engine on the central wheel of the mechanism.

It is also known that the standard clockwork of an analog mechanical watch has a hand switch, which is also called bill. The switch mechanism transmitting movement from the main wheel system to the arrows consists of a system of gears and tribes. The following details belong to the switch mechanism: minute tribe (minute book), clock wheel, bill wheel with bill tribe, transfer wheel. In this case, the wheels and tribes of switch gear do not have their own axles. The principle of operation of the dial mechanism in all watches is usually the same. In contrast to the clock transmission mechanism, the leading mechanism is the tribe, and the driven one is the wheel.

The clock mechanism serves in hours to continuously count the number of oscillations made by the regulator, and to display this account in generally accepted units of time (hour, minute) using the arrows making continuous movement.

In a normal watch with a 12-hour dial, the clock mechanism is performed with the possibility of completing the clockwise two full revolutions per day. In this case, the gear ratio between the minute tribe and the watch wheel is 12. In this case, the dial on which the time is displayed is divided into sectors, and the time (hour) digits are located in each of these sectors.

However, this kind of standard execution makes it difficult to display time for people with disabilities, for example, visually impaired.

The prior art mechanism with a "jumping" hour (Heure Sautante - FR.). This kind of watch does not have a clockwise direction, and the hour is displayed by displaying the hour digits in the aperture window at "position 12". When you move the 12-hour mark with the minute hand, the hour value in the window instantly changes. Watches with digital indications became widespread during the period of rapid development of serial production of mechanisms (second half of the 19th century). In 1885, such a watch was released by IWC.

The second hand was traditionally located below. Despite the interesting idea, such a watch design was supplanted by the usual analog. Subsequently, already in the XX century, the watch again appeared clock with the so-called "mixed" digital-analog display. So, in the 20-30s there appeared a lot of pocket and wrist watches with a central minute hand, as well as a clock aperture at the 12 o’clock position. Audemars Piguet, Rolex, as well as some other Swiss companies made a feasible contribution to the promotion of such a watch design.

Known watches according to patent document WO 97/40424, which have a complicated mechanism that allows you to display the hour value in a separate aperture, and the aperture is located in the area of "12 hours". The minute indication in hours is carried out on half of the dial, and the second indication is also carried out in a separate aperture. When the minute hand passes through the “60 minutes” mark, the hour counter jumps to the next value. The mechanism of this complication consists of a disk with the clock values and a mechanism for their instantaneous change.

The main difficulty in creating such a mechanism is that, in contrast to the indication of the date or day of the week, the readings of which change smoothly, the “jumping hour” changes instantly, while the course of the hands remains smooth.

However, the known mechanism does not allow an aperture to be displayed to indicate the hour is larger than the sector of the hour indicator dial, due to the design of watches with digital displays. At the same time, any slight increase in the hour digits printed on the indicator disk entails a direct increase in this indicator disk, designed to indicate the hour, and as a result, an increase in the overall dimensions of the watch device. In addition, it should be borne in mind that the mechanism of instant hour change is a complex device in itself.

The same disadvantages are present in other clock mechanisms known from the prior art, for example, known from patent documents EP 1321831 A1, DE 1020284.

However, the watches of the present invention are devoid of the above disadvantages and have several advantages over traditional models. A large (compared to analogs) hour number on the aperture of the dial is easy to read. In addition, for people with low vision there is no confusion about the time when the hour in the aperture cannot be properly identified visually impaired due to its small size. However, in comparison with the known solutions, the claimed watch device has an aperture, the area of which can be up to 85-90% of the area of the dial. In this case, the aperture can, for example, be called not a window in the dial, but, for example, a window in the watch case. Moreover, the area of this window can be up to 85-90%. Moreover, the numbers of the hour indicator itself directly depend on the size of the entire indicator drum. As follows from the foregoing, the claimed solution proposed a fundamentally new way to implement the display mechanism and the indicator itself.

Thus, the technical problem solved by the present invention and the technical result achieved using the present invention is to create a fundamentally new mechanism for indicating the time of the hour using a flexible element on the shaft. This embodiment can significantly reduce the wear of the clockwork elements by eliminating the mechanism of instant switching of the display disc, which is subjected to high mechanical stress and friction, since with a sharp switching of the clock it was necessary to maintain the smooth movement of the minute display system. In addition, the claimed device has higher performance, as it has only one easily replaceable subject to wear part - a flexible indicator element.

Disclosure of invention

The goal, the required and obtained by using the invention technical result is achieved in that the time indication mechanism of the flexible indicator element on the indicator shaft contains an indicator roller, a flexible indicator element, a stacking and feeding system of a flexible indicator element, wherein the indicator roller is movable along its axis and / or rotation around its axis, while the flexible indicator element and the indicator roller are interlocked with each other with the possibility of forming on ind katornoy region tracer roller Roman numbers hours image.

In addition, the stacking and feeding system of the flexible indicator element consists of a laying element, a guide element and a winding / unwinding device of the flexible indicator element.

Also, the laying and feeding system of the flexible indicator element consists of a movable laying carriage with a guide hole, a threaded shaft and a coil for winding / unwinding the flexible indicator element, while the laying carriage moves along the threaded shaft and coil.

In addition, the stacking and feeding system of the flexible indicator element consists of a fixed laying carriage with a guide hole and a coil for winding / unwinding the flexible indicator element, while the indicator roller moves around and along the axis of rotation.

In this case, the indicator roller may have a raised surface.

In this case, the indicator roller can be made rubberized.

Also, the indicator roller may have a pimpled surface, or an adhesive surface, or a rough surface.

In this case, the flexible indicator element can be made rubberized.

As a flexible indicator element, either a thread, or a rope, or a cord, or a cable, or a chain, or a tape can be used.

In addition, the laying carriage moves along the threaded shaft, making a "forward-backward" movement.

In this case, the flexible indicator element is fixed at one end to the indicator shaft, and at the other end to the stacking and supply system of the flexible indicator element.

Also, a flexible indicator element forms an image of a Roman number indicating the hour on the indicator surface of the indicator shaft.

The goal, the required and obtained by using the invention technical result is achieved in that the watch contains a case, a dial with an aperture, a time indicator, a clock mechanism, while the time indicator contains a time indicator made according to any of the above designs.

At the same time, the watch can be either mechanical or electromechanical.

Also, the watch can be both stationary and portable.

In addition, the aperture of the dial can occupy up to 90% of the area of the dial.

At the same time, the watch case is made with the possibility of installing a time indicator, which occupies up to 90% of the area of the dial.

At the same time, the watch additionally contains one or more other known time indicators, including minutes, seconds and a calendar.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Structurally, in the preferred, but not only mandatory, embodiments shown in the drawings, the claimed watches with time indication using a flexible element on the shaft include the following details:

1 - indicator roller.

2 - indicator area on the roller.

3 - Roman numerals of the hour formed by the indication.

4 - axis of the indicator shaft.

5 - indicator flexible element.

6 - hole laying carriage.

7 - threaded shaft.

8 - laying carriage.

9 - axis of the threaded shaft.

10 - guide shaft of the carriage.

11 - axis of the coil.

12 - coil.

13 - crown.

14 - strap.

15 - minute hand.

16 minute dial.

17 - watch case.

18 - cam number XI number of rotation of the indicator roller

19 - cam of the number XI of the number of rotation of the threaded shaft

20 - comb

21 - the first trib gear

22 - gear wheel

23 - second trib gear

24 - comb finger

25 - cam axis

In FIG. 1 shows the appearance of a wristwatch with an hour display using a flexible element on the shaft.

In FIG. 2 shows the design of the kinematics of the clock display mechanism using a flexible element on the shaft.

In FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of an indicator roller having a raised surface to provide adhesion to a flexible indicator element.

In FIG. 4 shows a variant of forming on the indicator roller using a flexible indicator element of the Roman numeral XI.

In FIG. 5 shows the options for displaying each hour (from I to XII) on the indicator roller using a flexible indicator element.

In FIG. Figure 6 shows the appearance of a wristwatch with an hour display using a flexible element on the shaft (side view).

In FIG. 7 shows a block diagram for watches, both fully mechanical and electronic-mechanical, using the claimed indication mechanism.

In FIG. 8 is a block diagram for an electromechanical watch.

In FIG. 9 shows the calculation and appearance of the cam B1 for the formation of the number XI on the indicator surface.

In FIG. 10 shows the construction of cam B2 to form the number XI on the indicator surface.

In FIG. 11 shows a variant of the mechanism for converting the values of the protrusions of the cams into the rotation of the indicator roller.

Table 1 with the amount of rotation (for example, calculated the formation of the numbers XI on the indicator roller).

The implementation of the invention

The main distinguishing feature of the claimed device is the ability to display time using a separate indication of the hour and minutes, moreover, the hour is displayed either by a standard dial mechanism or by using a disk indication, but by means of a flexible indicator element on the indicator shaft.

As mentioned above, the known display mechanism with a “jumping hour” does not have a clockwise, and the hour is indicated by a disk display, and on the aperture of the dial, when changing the hour, an instant change of the hour digit is performed. In contrast to the known solutions, the proposed design of the display mechanism has a fundamentally new implementation principle.

As shown in FIG. 2, the hour is indicated by a flexible indicator element 5, which is attached at one end to the indicator roller 1 and which is wound on the indicator roller 1. As a flexible indicator element, a thread, rope, cord, cable, chain, tape, etc. can be used. P. The indicator roller 1 contains an indicator region or surface 2 on which an image of Roman hour numbers is formed. It should be borne in mind that the indicator roller 1 and the flexible indicator element 5 must engage with each other. For this, either the flexible indicator element 5 can be made rubberized, or the indicator roller 1 can be made rubberized. In addition, the indicator roller 1 may have a raised surface having high adhesion properties. For example, the indicator roller 1 can be made with protruding elements, as shown in FIG. 3. Also, the indicator roller 1 may have either a tapered surface, or an adhesive surface, or a rough surface.

As follows from FIG. 2, to form an image of the Roman hour numbers, it is necessary to use a system for stacking and feeding a flexible indicator element on the indicator roller. As an example in FIG. 2 shows a movable laying carriage with a hole and a screw threaded shaft. In this case, one of the flexible indicator element 5 is fixed to the indicator roller 1 to form Roman hour numbers. The second end of the indicator element 5 passes through the hole 6 of the laying carriage 8 and is mounted on the coil 12. The laying carriage 8 reciprocates along the axis 9 of the screw shaft 7. In this case, the driving movement, rotation of the screw shaft is supplied from the clock mechanism and control system (not shown). The coil 12 in this design of the indicating mechanism provides the unwinding and winding of the flexible indicator element, as well as its tension, and can be spring-loaded, for example, by a coil spring.

However, it should be understood that the implementation of the installation system and the supply of a flexible indicator element may be different. In the presented embodiment, the guide carriage is movable, and the indicator roller only rotates around its axis. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for example, it is possible to implement a stacking system in which the carriage is stationary and the indicator roller is movable, the indicator roller simultaneously rotating and moving along the axis of rotation. In addition, instead of rotating the threaded shaft and for moving the indicator roller along the axis, any other known method of moving along the axis can be used — for example, a rack and pinion gear, a Scottish mechanism and others.

The operation of the claimed display mechanism from the clockwork is as follows. In FIG. 7 shows a general block diagram for watches, both fully mechanical and electronic-mechanical. At the same time, the control system receives a signal from the clock mechanism every hour and includes:

- a software device made on an electronic basis in which the operation algorithm of stepper motors or software cams is prescribed, in the case of a mechanical drive;

- devices for driving the indication mechanism, in the case of electronic ones, are stepper motors that are responsible for the rotation of the shaft and the movement, laying of the flexible element on the shaft,

and in the case of a mechanical one, this is a wheel system driven by a primary or secondary mechanical engine, which drives the indicator roller and allows the flexible element to move along the axis of rotation of the indicator shaft.

It may include a mechanism for switching software cams, a mechanism for their rotation and a gearbox. Turns on at the beginning of every hour.

One embodiment of the display mechanism is depicted in FIG. 2 and is intended to convert the movement from the control system to the movement and position of the flexible element on the indicator shaft. The indicator is the indicator area on the shaft and the flexible element that formed the image on this indicator area of the indicator roller.

Let's consider one of the possible versions of the control system for watches with an electronic-mechanical drive. From the output of the device, rotation is transmitted to an indication mechanism, for example, shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 8, the clock mechanism with indicating means comprises a clock generator, a frequency divider, a hour meter, an engine control unit, a stepper motor 1 and a stepper motor 2.

The clock generator generates sinusoidal oscillations with a frequency of 32,768 Hz. To obtain highly stable oscillations, a quartz resonator is used as a reference oscillator. In practice, the method of constructing a generator according to the Pierce scheme based on an asymmetric multivibrator with a quartz resonator in a feedback circuit is widely used. When using this circuit, there is no need for a special cascade of pulse formation, since the signals at the output of the multivibrator approach the shape of rectangular pulses. In the generator circuit, a frequency adjustment can be provided, and consequently, a stroke accuracy.

The frequency divider, consisting of triggers connected in series, serves to obtain pulses with a frequency of 1 Hz, obtained by sequentially dividing the generator into 32 768 Hz by 2 frequencies. The signals used to control the indicators (32, 64 Hz) and the clock (1, 2, 8 Hz) are removed from the intermediate outputs of the divider. Pulses with a frequency of 1 Hz are fed to the input of the counter block.

The block of hour meters, as well as the frequency divider, consisting of triggers, serves to count time. The counter consists of several triggers connected in series and is characterized by a counting coefficient, the value of which is determined by the location of this counter in the block circuit. An output is generated at the output of this counter with a repetition period of 1 hour.

The engine control unit at the beginning of each hour receives a signal from the hour meter and converts it into a sequence of electrical pulses that are transmitted to the stepper motors SHD1 and SHD2. In this case, the rotation of the stepper motors is synchronized. The length and sequence of pulses are programmed into the control unit to provide a given speed and amount of rotation (angle of rotation of the axis) of the stepper motors to indicate each hour. Table 1 is an example of the amount of rotation (rotation angles).

Table 1, for example, in the PHASES line, shows the phases of winding of the IGE (indicator flexible element) and image formation of the number XI on the indicator surface of the indicator roller. Similarly, tables are compiled for all numbers from I to XII.

Line B1 - shows the rotation angles of the shaft 4 in degrees by phases - to form the number XI on the indicator surface of the indicator roller. Line B2 - shows the angle of rotation of the threaded shaft 9 in degrees by phases - to form the number XI on the indicator surface of the indicator roller. Moreover, in the reverse, reverse rotation, we indicate a negative value of the angle of rotation (-360).

Now consider the embodiment of the claimed device using a mechanical control system. In this case, it is possible to use a cam system that allows you to mechanically convert a given height of the cam protrusions into a predetermined amount of rotation (angle of rotation) necessary to form an image on the indicator roller. As an example, let us examine the construction of cams also for the number XI.

Cam B1 is configured to form an XI number on the indicator surface of the indicator roller. Nine rays, corresponding to nine phases, go from the center of the circle, from “a” to “and”. We will also build several circles in increments of 360 °. We indicate nine points at the intersection of the rays and the values in row B1 according to table 1. Connect the points of the curve. We get a cam whose appearance is shown in FIG. 9.

For cam B2, the construction is performed in a similar way (see Fig. 10).

In FIG. 11 shows a variant of the mechanism for converting the values of the protrusions of the cams into the rotation of the indicator roller.

Cam 18 at the beginning of the 11th hour makes one revolution around axis 25 counterclockwise. The finger 24 of the comb 20 is in contact with the surface of the cam, which during the rotation of the cam rises and lowers by a certain angle. The gear part of the comb 20 comes into engagement with the first gearbox gear 21, the gear wheel 22 is mounted on its axis, which transmits rotation to the second gear tribe 23. The gear gear 23 is mounted on the indicator roller shaft 1. The gearbox 21, 22, 23 and comb 20 are designed so as to provide the required amount of rotation of the indicator roller for all hour numbers from I to XII. The maximum amount of rotation on the indicator roller is formed during the formation of the number VIII and can be maximum equal to 1800 degrees, i.e. makes 5 full turns. And the minimum - when forming the number I.

It should be noted that in a mechanical system, it is possible to use a design of 12 cams for 12 numbers for each drive (indicator shaft and threaded shaft), and use one cam for each drive on which all 12 numbers will be programmed in a circle. When using a design with 12 separate cams, a cam switching system can be used to form an image of the number of each hour in hours, where at the beginning of each hour, a cam corresponding to a given hour is substituted into the mechanism for converting the values of the cam protrusions into the rotation of the indicator roller.

The rotation and stopping of the cams can be controlled and carried out both as a separate mechanism with a separate engine, as, for example, in a clock with a fight, and, for example, directly from the minute wheel of the base clock mechanism, on the axis of which there is a snail and a comb, which, falling from the snail at the beginning of each hour, rotates the cams display. In addition, the rotation of the indicator roller and the movement of the feeding and stacking system of the flexible indicator element must be synchronized with each other, for example, by a rigid kinematic connection. Also, the clock and mechanism may further comprise other known time indicators, including an indicator of minutes, seconds and a calendar.

As follows from the description of possible implementations of the claimed invention, the proposed time display device with a flexible indicator element on the indicator shaft ensures the achievement of the claimed technical result, namely the use of a new display mechanism using a flexible indicator element on the shaft. This embodiment allows to increase the size of the number of hours on the indicator surface without increasing the dimensions of the watch device, the wear of the elements of the watch mechanism is reduced, and the higher performance of watches with such an indication mechanism is ensured due to the presence of only one easily replaceable element.

Given the novelty of the set of essential features, the technical solution of the problem, the inventive step and the relevance of all the general and particular features of the invention, proved in the section "prior art" and "Disclosure of the invention", proven in the section "Implementation and industrial implementation of the invention" technical feasibility and industrial applicability inventions, solving inventive problems and confidently achieving the required technical result when implementing and using the invention In our opinion, the claimed invention satisfies all the eligibility requirements for inventions.

The analysis also shows that all the general and particular features of the invention are essential, since each of them is necessary, and all together they are not only sufficient to achieve the purpose of the invention, but also make it possible to realize the invention in an industrial way.

Claims (18)

1. The time indication mechanism by a flexible indicator element on the indicator shaft, comprising an indicator roller, a flexible indicator element, a stacking and feeding system of a flexible indicator element, characterized in that the indicator roller is arranged to move along its axis and / or rotate around its axis, this flexible indicator element and the indicator roller are interlocked with each other with the possibility of forming on the indicator area of the indicator roller image Roman hour numbers. 2. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the stacking and feeding system of the flexible indicator element consists of a laying element, a guide element and a winding / unwinding device of the flexible indicator element. 3. The mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the stacking and feeding system of the flexible indicator element consists of a movable laying carriage with a guide hole, a threaded shaft and a coil for winding / unwinding the flexible indicator element, while the laying carriage moves along the threaded shaft and coil . 4. The mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the system for laying and feeding the flexible indicator element consists of a fixed laying carriage with a guide hole and a coil for winding / unwinding the flexible indicator element, while the indicator roller moves around and along the axis of rotation. 5. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the indicator roller may have a raised surface. 6. The mechanism according to p. 1, characterized in that the indicator roller can be made rubberized. 7. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the indicator roller may have a pimpled surface, or an adhesive surface, or a rough surface. 8. The mechanism according to p. 1, characterized in that the flexible indicator element can be made rubberized. 9. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that either a thread, or a rope, or a cord, or a cable, or a chain, or a tape can be used as a flexible indicator element. 10. The mechanism according to p. 3, characterized in that the laying carriage moves along the threaded shaft, making a movement "back and forth". 11. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible indicator element is fixed at one end to the indicator shaft and the other end to the stacking and supply system of the flexible indicator element. 12. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible indicator element forms an image of a Roman number indicating the hour on the indicator surface of the indicator shaft. 13. A clock comprising a case, a dial with an aperture, a time indication means, a clock mechanism, characterized in that the time indication means comprises a time indication mechanism according to any one of claims. 1-12. 14. The watch according to claim 13, characterized in that it can be either mechanical or electromechanical. 15. The watch according to claim 13, characterized in that it can be either stationary or portable. 16. The watch according to claim 13, characterized in that the aperture of the dial can occupy up to 90% of the area of the dial. 17. The watch according to claim 13, characterized in that the watch case is configured to set a time indicator, occupying up to 90% of the dial area. 18. The watch according to claim 13, characterized in that it additionally contains one or more other known time indicators, including minutes, seconds and a calendar.

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