RU2615983C1 - Device of slowed thermal conversion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a slowed thermal conversion, which comprises a reactor with output lines of vapour and liquid product as well as the input line of the raw material on which the aspirator, wherein the reactor is a vertical capacitive device with the interface of the liquid and vapour phases; it isequipped with a bottom head with a convex portion adjacent to the shell of the reactor, raw material input conduit, disposed tangentially to the shell above the surface section inclined to the horizontal, the output pipe vapours located on the top end, the output of liquid product nozzle positioned in the lower bottom. When this reactor is further equipped with feed line circulating the liquid product, connected with hydro pump and equipped with the bottom in the form of a convex surface of revolution, and the nozzles of circulating liquid product and the balance of the liquid product, one of which is located in the geometric bottom center, and the other is situated tangentially to the lower bottom and is oriented in the direction of rotation of the liquid product.

EFFECT: increase durability, reduce the likelihood of coke deposits in the reactor.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for delayed thermal conversion of heavy hydrocarbons and may find application in the oil refining industry.

A known method of processing oil residues [RU 2408653, IPC C10G 9/00, publ. January 10, 2011], carried out in a capacitive reactor equipped with a nozzle for tangential supply of raw materials above the phase separation level, which is 50-75% of the height of the reactor, and vapor and liquid product outlet pipes located on the upper and lower bottoms of the reactor, respectively.

A disadvantage of the known reactor is the presence of a stagnant zone at the junction of the pipe to the lower bottom, in which the formation of coke deposits is likely.

Closest to the proposed device is a method and device for liquid-phase thermal conversion of heavy hydrocarbons [RU 2503707, IPC C10G 9/14, publ. January 10, 2014], in which the device includes a reactor with vapor and liquid product discharge lines and a raw material input line, on which there is a hydro-jet pump connected to the liquid product output line, wherein the reactor is a vertical capacitive apparatus with a liquid interface and vapor phases, is equipped with a bottom in the form of a convex-concave surface of revolution, with a convex part adjacent to the shell of the reactor, a feed pipe, tangentially located on the shell above the interface with an inclination towards the mountains umbrella, the vapor withdrawal conduit located at the top and the bottom liquid product withdrawal pipe, tangentially positioned on the outer side of the convex surface of the lower bottom.

The disadvantages of this device are: low reactor strength due to the complex shape of the lower bottom, the presence of a stagnant zone in the upper portion of the concave part of the lower bottom, where coke deposits are likely to form, and there is no device for removing coke particles from the reactor.

The objective of the invention is to increase the strength of the device, reducing the likelihood of coke deposition in the reactor.

The technical result is to increase the strength of the device by equipping the reactor with a bottom in the form of a convex surface of rotation, reducing the likelihood of coke deposition in the reactor by equipping the reactor with a bottom in the form of a convex surface of rotation, withdrawing the balance liquid product from the zone of maximum concentration of coke particles in the reactor and output circulating liquid product from the zone of minimum concentration of coke particles in the reactor.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known device, including a reactor with lines for the output of vapors and liquid product, as well as the input line of raw materials on which the water-jet pump is located, the reactor, which is a vertical capacitive apparatus with an interface between the liquid and vapor phases, is equipped a bottom with a convex portion adjacent to the reactor shell, a feed inlet pipe tangentially located on the shell above the interface with an inclination to the horizon, a vapor outlet pipe located on the upper bottom, the outlet pipe of the liquid product located on the bottom bottom, the feature is that the reactor is additionally equipped with a supply line of a circulating liquid product connected to the water jet pump, and is equipped with a lower bottom in the form of a convex surface of revolution, in the geometric center of which is located the outlet pipe circulating liquid product, and the outlet pipe of the balance liquid product is located tangentially on the bottom and is oriented in the direction of rotation of the liquid product.

The shape of the bottom can be, for example, elliptical, or spherical, or conical.

To prevent a decrease in the near-wall velocities of the liquid phase in the lower part of the reactor and to reduce the likelihood of coking of the lower part of the reactor, it is advisable to carry out a shell in the form of a truncated cone directed downward by the narrowed part.

During the thermal conversion of raw materials that are not prone to coking, it is advisable to interchange the branch pipes of the outlet of the circulating and balance liquid product from the reactor, since products of a deeper degree of conversion are concentrated in the axial zone of the reactor.

Equipping the reactor with a separate supply line of a circulating liquid product connected to a water-jet pump allows the circulation of a part of the liquid product from the axial zone of the reactor containing the minimum amount of coke particles, and the equipment of the reactor with a bottom in the form of a convex surface of revolution allows to increase the strength of the device.

The location of the outlet pipe of the circulating liquid product in the geometric center of the surface of the lower bottom, and the outlet pipe of the balanced liquid product tangentially on the bottom allows the liquid product with the maximum content of coke particles from the wall zone of the reactor, and the circulation of the liquid product with the minimum content of coke particles from the axial zone of the reactor due to which reduce coke deposits in the reactor.

The device for delayed thermal conversion consists of a water-jet pump 1 and a reactor 2, feed lines 3, vapor 4, a liquid product 5 and a circulating liquid 6. The reactor is equipped with a bottom 7 and raw material inlets 8, vapor outlet 9, outlet balance liquid product 10 and circulating liquid product 11.

During operation of the device, the heated feedstock is fed through line 3 to the pipe 8 of the reactor 2 through a water-jet pump 1, where it is mixed with the circulating liquid product supplied via line 6. Thermal conversion vapors are discharged from line 9 through line 4, the balance pair is discharged along line 5 from pipe 10, and a circulating liquid thermal conversion product is drawn from pipe 11.

The proposed device has increased strength, design, which reduces the likelihood of coke deposits in the reactor, and can be used in the refining industry.

Claims (2)

1. A device for delayed thermal conversion, including a reactor with lines for the output of vapors and liquid product, as well as a line for the input of raw materials on which the water-jet pump is located, while the reactor, which is a vertical capacitive apparatus with a liquid-vapor phase interface, is equipped with a lower bottom with the convex part adjacent to the shell of the reactor, the input pipe of raw materials tangentially located on the shell above the interface with an inclination to the horizon, the vapor outlet pipe located on the upper bottom, pat cut-off of the liquid product located on the lower bottom, characterized in that the reactor is additionally equipped with a supply line of a circulating liquid product connected to a water-jet pump, and is equipped with a lower bottom in the form of a convex surface of revolution, as well as pipes for the output of the circulating liquid product and the balance liquid product, one of which is located in the geometric center of the bottom, and the other is placed tangentially on the lower bottom and is oriented in the direction of rotation of the liquid product. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the shell of the reactor is made in the form of a truncated cone, directed narrowed part down.

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