RU2614710C1 - Method for producing fire curtain laminate leaf and fire curtain - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: method for producing a fire curtain laminate leaf includes preliminary heat treatment of the silica fabric to minimize its heat shrinkage in the case of fire, handling silica fabric with polyurethane and/or placing an inner needled mat of 3 mm thick and weighing 500 g/m² between two layers of the impregnated and heat-treated silica fabric of 0.7 mm thick and weighing 600 g/m² and firmwaring with silica thread with the same heat resistance as the fabric itself, - up to 1100 till the fire curtain leaf thickness gets 7 mm and a volume weight of 2.5 kg/m². Polyurethane treatment is carried out by applying polyurethane coating on the outer and inner surface of the silica fabric. Additionally the leaf comprises a second intermediate layer similar to the main intermediate layer and the lower angular edges of the leaf have crimp metal plates with a heat-resistant coating. Also a fire curtain is declared made in the same way.

EFFECT: invention increases the degree of protection of the premises against the high temperature effects and carbon monoxide in case of fire.

8 cl

Description

The invention relates to multilayer protective curtains and screens in fire fighting equipment and is intended to localize a fire in open technological openings, openings of buildings and structures by forming a fire and smoke barrier.

The prior art multilayer screen (RU 2243796, publ. 10.01.2005), consisting of a multilayer curtain fabric made of several layers of heat-resistant materials, a counterweight in the lower part and a rotating drum connected to electric and backup manual drives, including electric and a manual lifting and lowering system, a contour of a sealant consisting of fixed elements, as well as moving elements and a swinging swivel clip. Such a screen has several disadvantages, namely:

1) the width of the blocked opening is limited by the length of one drum, and the length of the latter is limited by its strength;

2) the height of the blocked opening, if the drum is placed in the light of the opening, decreases to a height greater than the height of the drum with a curtain wound, since the counterweight is under the drum;

3) placing an electric and manual drive in a room where a fire is expected to make the system unreliable, and using a manual drive impossible in a fire.

Known multilayer curtain (RU 2559559, publ. 08/10/2015), the material of which does not allow to withstand long-term thermal effects without destruction.

Closest to the claimed method is a method of creating a fire-resistant screen (RU 2466761, publ. 20.11.2012) from non-woven materials based on glass, basalt or silica fibers located between layers of silica fabric with a surface density of 150-600 kg / m ² , in which carry out the alternation of layers of various materials and / or a combination in the layer of various fibers of different chemical composition and / or different sizes.

According to modern regulated regulatory requirements and norms, fire barriers should be installed on flights of stairs, emergency exits, in the halls of buildings with a large crowd of people, in office buildings, airports, hotels, schools, hospitals, providing escape routes and in hazardous areas, such as workshops and laboratories of industrial enterprises.

Currently, along with metal fireproof smoke-tight doors and gates, fireproof smoke-proof multilayer curtains used to separate buildings and structures into fire compartments have been widely used as fire-fighting smoke-proof structures of communication openings and niches, and escape routes in structures. Fire curtains perform one of the most important functions of preventing the spread of fire, smoke, thermal radiation and its consequences. At the same time, the penetration of fire into adjacent rooms is blocked, which allows for safe evacuation of people.

The advantages of such curtains are

- Large fire resistance limit (up to 120 minutes).

- Quick access of the fire brigade to the object of ignition.

- Small dimensions of curtains.

- Easily mounted in existing openings without damaging the architectural elements of the structure.

- They occupy a small area during installation (above the opening from 250 to 500 mm, on the sides 90-120 mm).

- The rational use of large areas due to the fact that the curtain is constantly in the ceiling space and lowers when a fire hazard signal is received.

- Possibility of use together with non-flameproof constructions to ensure multifunctionality (for example: roller shutter - protection against penetration + curtain - fire protection).

Speaking of fire curtains, two criteria should be distinguished that should be noted: time is the maximum period for which the curtain retains heat-insulating properties indicated by letter (I), as well as fire resistance and integrity, indicated by letter (E). Both indicators are measured in minutes.

When using smoke protection curtains, the following main goals and objectives are pursued and solved:

- Formation of barriers to the movement of smoke and carbon monoxide streams.

- Creation of smoke zones, tanks for the accumulation of smoke by directing the flow and restricting the movement of smoke in a given direction.

- Ensuring safe escape routes and safe access for the fire brigade by creating low smoke zones.

- Reliable smoke direction to smoke exhaust systems.

- Prevention of ignition of combustible gases when the temperature rises, as well as their removal at the initial stage of the fire.

- Prevention or retardation of smoke penetration to other areas, parts of the building.

- Limiting the effects of fire through the use of non-combustible materials.

- Reducing costs due to more economical use of supply and exhaust devices (reducing the cross-section of pipelines, the number of aeration lamps, etc.).

From the prior art it is known fire-retardant device (RU 26748, publ. 12/20/2012), made in the form of a curtain, or curtains, or blinds, containing one or more layers of fire-resistant material, as a fire-resistant material used material from basalt and / or silica fibers and / or threads thereof or a combination thereof. One or both sides of the flame retardant material layer is coated with a mineral refractory film. Moreover, one or more layers of metal foil are introduced into the structure.

Closest to the claimed device in essence and the technical result achieved is a device (RU 2559559, publ. 08/10/2015), of which a flame retardant curtain is known, consisting of curtain curtains, vertical guides, a counterweight in the lower part of the canvas, rotating drums connected to an electric drive, while the curtain contains an electric drive installed in a separate room, equipped with an electric motor with an integrated brake, a limit switch drive controlling the upper and lower the position of the curtains and providing the remote control of the process of lowering and raising the curtains in automatic mode by a fire alarm, a brake clutch that reduces the speed of lowering the curtains under the influence of the counterweight when the motor and the brake are switched off, fire-resistant cloths, pressed against each other by deflecting shafts, wound on staggered drums and kinematically connected to each other in two lines by means of a coupling with a drive and intermediate shafts, while the position is off sinking shafts allows you to place the counterweight in a raised position between two lines of drums.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the lack of reliability.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed group of inventions is to form a reliable barrier to the movement of flows of fire, smoke and carbon monoxide in the event of a fire.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the degree of protection of certain rooms from the effects of high temperatures and carbon monoxide, which occur, in particular, during fires.

The technical result is achieved by a group of inventions, characterized by the following sets of features.

A method of manufacturing a multilayer fire curtain sheet includes preliminary heat treatment of silica fabric in order to minimize its heat shrinkage in case of fire, processing silica fabric with polyurethane and / or placement between two layers of impregnated and heat treated silica fabric with a thickness of 0.7 mm and a weight of 600 g / m ² internal needle-punched glass mat with a thickness of 3 mm and a weight of 500 g / m ² and piercing with a silica thread having the same heat resistance as itself, up to 1100 to obtain a web thickness of fire curtain 7 mm and a specific gravity of 2.5 kg / m ² , and the treatment with polyurethane is carried out by applying to the outer and inner surfaces of the silica fabric a polyurethane coating.

Additionally, the method is characterized in that the fabric contains an additional intermediate layer similar to the main intermediate layer, and crimp plates made of metal with heat-resistant spraying are placed on the lower corner edges of the fabric.

The second invention from the group - a fire curtain, contains a metal frame in the form of a duct mounted on the wall with a casing and a shaft with fastening elements inside the duct; a multilayer fire curtain curtain made of the method described above and formed of at least three layers of material, a bar is installed at the end of the web, which loads the web when lowering the curtains, while the drive is located on one side of the shaft and the coupling on the other, in addition, the screen contains two vertical guides, each of which is located on the corresponding side of the shaft.

Additionally, the fire curtain contains a temperature sensor connected to the drive, which uses an intra-shaft electric drive, a smoke sensor connected to the drive, a temperature sensor connected to the drive, an evacuation hole is made in the canvas, and the loading bar is installed over the entire width of the canvas with a tight fit to the floor in a lowered state.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the multilayer canvas of the fire curtain made by the claimed method is more reliable than all known analogues due to the fact that

- silica fabric can withstand temperatures over 1000 ° C for a long time,

- the polyurethane coating gives the fabric mechanical resistance to wear and prevents the passage of smoke,

- the internal glass mat, when the temperature rises during a fire, absorbs the heat transfer of the fire,

- silica fabric maintains the integrity of the canvas.

The box and the casing are solid-bent, made of steel sheet with a thickness of S = 1 mm. The profiles of the vertical guides are made of a metal sheet S = 2 mm, and the bearing parts of the structure of the box from a sheet S = 3 mm. Box curtains with a length of more than 2.5 m is a composite.

To calculate the load on the supporting structure of the walls, you need to know the following parameters: the specific gravity of the duct assembly, for the duct 250 × 300 mm - 17.5 kg / m. and for a duct 350 × 400 mm - 22.1 kg / m.

Inside the box is a shaft with an intra-shaft drive and a curtain of curtains wound around it. Shafts in the construction of curtains use steel of the following types:

- octagonal (octagonal) RT70 with a wall thickness of 1.2 mm;

- RT102 with a wall thickness of 2.5 mm;

- a round pipe with an outer diameter of 108 mm and a wall thickness of 4.0 mm.

The specific gravity of the shaft: octagonal RT70 - 2.5 kg / mp., RT102 - 6.5 kg / mp. and pipes 108 × 4.0 mm - 10.4 kg / m. The choice of shaft depends on the width of the curtain and the weight of the web along with the movable bar.

For curtains with a width of more than eight meters, pipes with an outer diameter of 133 and 159 mm can be used.

The closing of the curtain comes from a fire alarm of the "dry contact" type, which is fed to the curtain control panel and then to the curtain drive, which lowers the canvas.

The drives are used by SOMFY intra-shaft firms with a supply voltage of 230 V and power from 90 to 450 W. The maximum current consumption is 2 A. The weight of the intra-shaft drives, depending on the model, is in the range of 1.6 ÷ 5.0 kg. In cases of especially heavy curtains, axial drives are used.

A movable bar is attached to the bottom of the canvas, which loads the canvas when lowering the curtains and completely lays on the floor when closed. The specific gravity of the movable bar is 4.5 kg / mp The term "movable" refers to the ability of the plank to move with the curtain in a vertical plane.

The box outside is closed by a casing, which protects the shaft with the blade from external influences.

The metal construction of the curtain can be made of galvanized, stainless steel or with any known fire-resistant powder substance deposited on its surface according to the RAL classification. and painted in any color.

An example of such a coating may be nickel plated zirconia powder, which is designed to apply plasma heat and flame retardant coatings.

The main element of the fire curtain is the canvas. It is cross-linked from silica fabric with a thickness of 0.7 mm and a weight of 600 g / m ² with special impregnation - a gray polyurethane coating, forming the outer layers of the fabric, between which there is an intermediate layer in the form of needle-punched glass mat 3 mm thick and weighing 500 g / m ² .

The thickness of the fire curtain curtain is 7 mm, and its specific gravity is 2.5 kg / sq.m. Silica fabric undergoes preliminary heat treatment to minimize its heat shrinkage in case of fire.

Additionally, the web may contain a second intermediate layer in the form of glass mat.

All layers are sewn together with silica thread having the same heat resistance as the fabric itself (1100 ° C).

An evacuation hole is made in the canvas of the fire curtain.

The selected curtain curtain parameters, on the one hand, minimize the weight characteristics of the curtain, and on the other, provide reliable barrier protection against the penetration of smoke or fire.

In another embodiment, with an irrigation system, the thickness of the smoke barrier and fire curtains with irrigation is 1 mm, and its specific gravity is 0.8 kg / m ² .

Water consumption for a fire curtain with irrigation - 7.3 l / min per meter on either side. In everyday life, the canvas is wound on a shaft. When a signal comes from an automatic fire alarm or from various types of detectors to a control unit (module), the web is lowered due to the weight of the movable bar.

The minimum speed of lowering the curtains in the case of a signal from a temperature (at a temperature above 400 ° C) or a smoke sensor is 0.08 m / s.

The blade is raised to the upper position by a 230 V drive, which can be placed both on the right and left sides of the barrier.

When the voltage is turned off, power is supplied from the backup power source.

The use of this high-tech web material is safe for human health, has low thermal conductivity, high resistance to thermal shock, has excellent thermal insulation properties at high temperatures, can be used for a long time without changing properties at a temperature of 1200 ° C, does not melt and does not evaporate at temperatures up to 1700 ° C.

The specified curtain curtain has a fire resistance limit of E 120, which means that the curtain curtain under the influence of fire will not lose its integrity within 120 minutes, i.e. no through cracks appear through which the flame can escape. In accordance with EN 12101-2.3, being one of the main forms of the barrier to the spread of carbon monoxide, smoke protection curtains when working in conjunction with other devices (for example, aeration lamps) can be considered as the main part of the life support system in case of fire, which It includes both natural structural elements and mechanical devices.

As can be seen from the description and it is clear to the specialist, the entire design of the protective shield is inseparably constructive unity and is aimed at achieving a common technical result with which all the signs of an independent item are in direct causal relationship, which allows us to conclude that the requirements of the utility model for assignment her to one technical solution.

The analysis of the prior art did not reveal a source of information that would reveal the entire set of essential features of an independent claim, which allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the patentability condition of novelty.

The claimed solution is industrially applicable and tested at a number of civil and industrial facilities.

Claims (8)

1. A method of manufacturing a multilayer web of fire curtains, including preliminary heat treatment of silica fabric to minimize heat shrinkage in case of fire, processing silica fabric with polyurethane or and placement between two layers of impregnated and heat treated silica fabric with a thickness of 0.7 mm and a weight of 600 g / m ² internal needle-punched glass mat 3 mm thick and weighing 500 g / m ² and piercing with silica thread having the same heat resistance as the fabric itself - up to 1100 to obtain a thickness canvas fire curtains 7 mm and a specific gravity of 2.5 kg / m ² , and the processing of polyurethane is carried out by applying on the outer and inner surfaces of silica fabric polyurethane coating. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the canvas contains an additional intermediate layer similar to the main intermediate layer. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that on the lower corner edges of the canvas placed crimp plates of metal with heat-resistant spraying. 4. A fire curtain containing a metal frame in the form of a duct mounted on a wall with a casing and a shaft with fastening elements inside the duct; a multilayer fire curtain curtain is placed on the shaft, manufactured by the method according to any one of claims. 1-3, formed from at least three layers of material, a bar is installed at the end of the web, which loads the web when lowering the curtains, while the drive is located on one side of the shaft and the coupling on the other, in addition, the screen contains two vertical guides, each of which is located on the corresponding side of the shaft. 5. Fire curtain according to claim 4, characterized in that it contains a temperature sensor associated with the drive, which is used as an intra-shaft electric drive. 6. Fire curtain according to claim 4, characterized in that it contains a smoke sensor associated with the drive. 7. Fire curtain according to claim 4, characterized in that it contains a temperature sensor associated with the drive. 8. Fire curtain according to claim 4, characterized in that the evacuation hole is made in the web.