RU26135U1 - DEVICE FOR MEASURING ELECTRIC FIELD TENSION - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for measuring electric field strength, containing a spherical sensor with three pairs of sensitive conductive elements, paired on coordinate axes passing through the center of the sensor housing and symmetrically relative to its body, and three differential transducers of the sensor output signals, the first inputs of which are connected to the first sensitive elements the corresponding pair of elements, and the second inputs with the second sensitive elements of the same pair, and the measuring device, which consists in the addition of an adder and an AC / DC converter to the device, the outputs of the differential converters being connected to the corresponding inputs of the adder, the output of which through an AC / DC converter is connected to the input of a measuring device calibrated in units of electric field strength, moreover, sensitive conductive the elements are made in the form of a spherical layer, the external size of which is limited by the central cone with an apex angle θ≤90, and the inner one with a central cone with an angle θ <θ at apex, selected based on the required error and spatial measurement range.

Description

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DEVICE FOR MEASURING ELECTRIC FIELD VIRGINITY

The utility model relates to the field of measurement technology and can be used to measure electric field in a wide spatial range with increased accuracy.

It is known to make measurements of electric field strength 1, comprising a spherical sensor with three pairs of electrically conductive sensing elements arranged in pairs on the coordinate axes passing through the center of the sensor housing, and the t-1 sensitive elements are connected to the inputs of differential amplifiers, the outputs of which connected to the inputs of the quadrators, and the outputs of the quadrators through an adder connected to the input of the root extractor, the output of which is connected to the output terminal of the device.

However, this dissimilarity can be used when measuring the electric field strength in a narrow spatial range, i.e. at distances from field sources significantly exceeding the size of the sensor. In this region, the electric field can be considered homogeneous. As the sensor approaches the field source, the electric field becomes inhomogeneous, and the measured voltage depends on the sensor orientation, which also leads to significant measurement errors. In addition, such a device has an extended range of conversion of input signals and has increased implementation complexity.

The most b.1shzkim devices (5m to the claimed is soldered for measuring the electric field 2, containing a spherical with three pairs of sensitive conductive elements, pairwise located on the coordinate axes passing through the center

M.K.L. GOIR 08/29

 the sensor and symmetrically with respect to its body, three differential transducers of the sensor output signals, the first inputs of which are connected to the first sensory; the first inputs are: the elements of the corresponding pair of elements, and the second inputs are the second part} of the essential elements of the same pair, two comparison blocks, the logical two coincidences then coincidence “And, the signaling device for the equality of the components of the tension vector along the coordinate axes of the sensor and the measuring device, and the first inputs of the comparison units are connected to the output of one of the differential GOVERNMENTAL converters, and the second with sootvetstvuyuschimivyhodamiost avshihsya differential: socially

transducers, while the outputs of the comparison blocks are connected to the corresponding inputs of the logical two-input coincidence circuit "AND, the output of which is connected to the input of the signaling device for equal components of the tension vector along the coordinate axes, and the output of one of the differential pre-converters is connected to the input; .1, ohm of the measuring device, calibrated in units of electric field strength.

This device provides an error in measuring the electric field strength of less than 1% at distances from the field source of greater than or equal to 1.5-R, where R is the conditional radius of the sensor housing, however, it has the complexity of the implementation.

The objective of the utility model is to simplify the circuit implementation of the known device while maintaining all its other basic characteristics.

This problem is achieved by the fact that in a known device for measuring the voltage of an electric field containing a (|) eric sensor with three pairs of optional electrically conductive elements pairwise located on the coordinate axes passing through the center of the sensor and symmetrically relative to it, and three

differential transducer of the sensor output signals, the first inputs of which are connected to the first sensing elements of the corresponding pair of elements, and the second inputs: - to the second sensing elements of the same pair and the measuring device is additionally introduced (an adder and a converter are included; moreover, the outputs of the differential converters are connected to the corresponding inputs of the adder, the output of which is connected to the input through an AC / DC converter an electrical device that is shielded in a power supply: i) electric field strength, moreover, the sensitive electric conductive elements are made in the form of a spherical layer, the outer size of which is bounded by a central cone with a corner at apex 9i 90, and the inner by a central with angle v1 in1. at the top, selectable based on the required iioipeitiHoci n and the spatial measurement range.

The proposed utility model is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows a sensor and a block diagram of a device for measuring electric field strength; figure 2. - a sensitive element made in the (|) Orme of a spherical layer, externally and internally bounded by central koeguses with angles at the apex, respectively, and in Fig. H - a graph that allows for a given error margin: to eat optimal internal seams: era; Sizes 02 of the sensitive elements 2-7 with a fixed external: angle: measure and maximum possible spatial measurement range aR / d (R- sensor housing I, d- resolution 1X) oi center 14 of the sensor housing 1 to the field source).

Device for measuring the voltage electrically1: (5 fields contains a sensor 1 with ffl located on its surface with three pairs of 1 elements 2-7, centers 8-13 of which are placed in pairs on

the axes of the Cartesian coordinate system symmetrically relative to its origin 14 differential transducers 15-17., adder 18, variable transducer n: load: I to constant 19 and: measuring device 20. Sensitive elements 2-7 are connected in pairs to the inputs of the differential transformers; 17, outputs: co1ory: x are connected to the corresponding inputs from the mc of the matte 18, and the output of the adder 18 through an AC / DC converter 19 is connected to the input of the measuring device 20, calibrated in units of tension electric field.

The device operates as follows;

A sensor 1 with sensitive elements 2-7 is placed in the space of the field under study, while electric charges appear on the sensitive elements 2-7, which are proportional to the components of the intensity vector of the measured electric field, i.e. the sum of the initial field and the intrinsic P (sensor ale. Due to the differential conversion of signals from each pair of sensible elements located on the same coordinate axis, the outputs of the corresponding differential transducers 15-17 are allocated alternating voltages Ux, Uy and Uz proportional to the components Ex, Eu and Ez of the intensity vector of only the initial electric field. These voltages are fed to the inputs of the adder 18, the output of which is formed by an alternating voltage U IJx + Uy + Uz. Next, the total alternating voltage U, with the help of an alternating voltage converter to constant 19, it is converted into a constant IJ: which is measured by a measuring device 22, which is graded in units of electric field strength.To obtain the measurement result, sensor 1 is oriented in an electric field until the maximum reading of measuring device 22 is reached, which will correspond to the strength of the initial electric field.

iMiWif

of the device 22, the equality of the electric field components Ex, Eu and Ez is achieved along the coordinate axes of the sensor. This is: an indispensable condition for measurement. Under this condition, the scatter N of the measuring device is

sj- G- g JD2 - .. f91 + 2) f 1- (92 l (-1

/ V-k-i, bkfR - i-i-o (Di, i, aij-l,

where k is the dimensionless constant coefficient; E is the dielectric constant of the medium in which the sensor is located; R is the radius of the sensor housing; 61 and 62 angles at the apex of the outer and inner central KoirycoB, limiting the size of the sensing element, made in the form of a spherical layer; d (b1, b2) is the error of the sensor in an inhomogeneous electric field, depending on angles 91 and 92 a-Rjd is a parameter,

determining the spatial measurement range (R is the spherical body of the sensor 1, d is the distance from the center of the sensor to the field source); 1 is the intensity of the initial electric field.

Thus, when measuring the electric field strength, the sensor i is the reference point in the field until the maximum time is reached: measuring device 20, which occurs at the moment of equal components Ex, Eu and Ez, Hold the sensor in this position, and the voltage vector module is measured by measuring device 20, source electric field.

The size of the sensitive 11 elements., Made in the form, for example, of a spherical layer (Fig. 2), is selected according to the representation shown in Fig. 3p4), according to a given marginal error from the inhomogeneity of the electric field, for which the maximum possible spatial measurement range is found . For example, if the sensor should have an error from the heterogeneity of the electron beam b ± 1%, then for this error from Fig. 3 we find the parameter .67 and the internal angular size of the spherical layer with a fixed external angular

iMMf

V 2; V 2;

size, Thus, with the found external angular size m 1 of real elements in the relative spatial range a from O to 0.67 (which corresponds in absolute units to the distance from the field source from i.5R to 10), the error 6 does not go beyond ± 1 %

The claimed technical solution allows to achieve simplification of the circuit implementation of the known device while maintaining all its other characteristics, i.e. measurement errors of less than 1% at distances from the source G1: Olya, greater than 11%: them or equal to 1.5-.R, where R is the conditional radius of the sensor housing.

1.A.S. 1163285A USSR, KHKG G 01 R 29/12. Device for measuring the intensity of an electrostatic field / Axelrod B.C., Schiglovsky KB, Sherwood L.Ya. and others. - No. 3639947 / 24-21; Claim 09/06/83; Publ. 06/23/85, bull. G "23,

2. Certificate for Г1М No. 20588 RF MKI G 01 R 29/08. Device for measuring electric field strength / S.V. Biryukov, A.S. Shilikov - Publ. 10.11.2001, Bull I “31. - S. 1.

LITERATURE

Claims (1)

A device for measuring electric field strength, containing a spherical sensor with three pairs of sensitive conductive elements, arranged in pairs on coordinate axes passing through the center of the sensor housing and symmetrically relative to its body, and three differential transducers of the sensor output signals, the first inputs of which are connected to the first sensitive elements the corresponding pair of elements, and the second inputs with the second sensitive elements of the same pair, and the measuring device, which consists in the addition of an adder and an AC / DC converter to the device, the outputs of the differential converters being connected to the corresponding inputs of the adder, the output of which through an AC / DC converter is connected to the input of a measuring device calibrated in units of electric field strength, moreover, sensitive conductive the elements are made in the form of a spherical layer, the external size of which is limited by the central cone with an angle at the apex θ ₁ ≤90 ^° , and the inner one with a central cone with an angle θ ₂ <θ ₁ at the apex, selected based on the required error and the spatial measurement range.