RU2613072C1 - Watercraft on the river - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: watercraft on the river consists of several watercrafts with fixed turbines on them to select kinetic energy from the river flow. The watercraft turbine rotation axes are the same and are oriented across the river course. Turbine shafts of individual watercrafts are combined with each other in a single shaft of a united watercraft.

EFFECT: possibility of increasing the selection of kinetic energy from the river flow.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to watercraft.

Such devices are known for various needs - transport, energy, mining, etc. (see, for example, PLAVSEDSTVO. Wikipedia).

You can criticize them, but each in its own way.

- принимаемый за прототип данного изобретения. И нас интересует в этом решении не вопрос добычи грунта, а проблема использования кинетической энергии реки для разных целей. Т.е. вместо добычи грунта может быть любая иная производственно-технологическая ситуация, требующая энергии для своего осуществления. Например весьма подходящим для данной потребности может быть устройство на данном плавсредстве электростанции для выработки электроэнергии. Либо устройство насосной станции - для перекачки воды в нужном направлении на берег. И таких потребностей, в зависимости от конкретной ситуации, может быть много и разных. Но во всех случаях главным фактором плавсредства, на котором осуществляется та или иная производственно-технологическая задача, является отбор из реки кинетической энергии потока ее воды. Именно эта отобранная у реки энергия позволяет осуществлять конкретную производственно-технологическую деятельность, выполняемую на данном плавсредстве.We choose for analysis a specific version, fixed by the patent of Ukraine No. 100162.

- taken as a prototype of the present invention. And what interests us in this decision is not the issue of soil extraction, but the problem of using the kinetic energy of the river for different purposes. Those. instead of mining, there may be any other production and technological situation that requires energy for its implementation. For example, a device in a given power plant of a power plant for generating electricity may be very suitable for a given need. Or the device of the pumping station - for pumping water in the right direction to the shore. And such needs, depending on the specific situation, can be many and different. But in all cases, the main factor of the watercraft, on which this or that production and technological task is carried out, is the selection of the kinetic energy of the flow of its water from the river. It is this energy taken from the river that allows us to carry out specific production and technological activities carried out on this craft.

As for the selection of kinetic energy from the stream of water in the river, it is carried out in a very effective and appropriate manner. On the floats of a watercraft (there may be one, two or more, depending on the specific situation), oriented along the course of the river, a shaft with a turbine is fixed (there may be several), while the shaft is oriented transversely to the flow of water. The stabilization of the position of the craft in the plan is fixed by any known method. For example, the device of the corresponding anchors placed at the bottom of the river, or on its bank / banks. The turbine, the lower part of which is placed in the water stream, performs the function of a device that converts the water stream into a torque of the corresponding power, which can be transferred to equipment located on this craft and performing the required work by any known design and technological methods.

Well, the prototype is an extremely effective solution, the positives of which we will consider in a common complex, with an analysis of the invention. So there seems to be no reason or need to criticize the prototype. But instead of criticism, we express considerations such as the fact that any successful and highly effective solution does not exclude the possibility of its further development and improvement, and the following should be noted in this regard.

The effectiveness of the prototype (in all its diversity) is still limited. First of all, in the sense that this solution appeared as a request for the creation of compact and mobile, quickly mounted and dismantled watercraft, which can be quickly disposed of and used in the most inaccessible places and regions. And it is precisely this compactness, which is carried out within the framework of transport capabilities (including aviation), often creates a situation where the energy of the river on which it is planned to use this craft significantly exceeds the potential of the craft in terms of the amount of energy it takes from the river. And a contradiction arises - between the achieved compactness and the opportunities provided by the river, which cannot be used due to this compactness.

It was this circumstance that determined the technical result of the invention, which, while preserving the positives of the prototype, enabled it to repeatedly increase the ability to select the kinetic energy of the river flow on which this craft operates.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a watercraft on the river, with a turbine / turbines / turbines mounted thereon for taking kinetic energy from the river, the axis of rotation of which is oriented across the river, according to the invention, the watercraft is a group of separate boats of the specified type, interconnected in a single system so that the axis of rotation of the turbines of individual boats coincide, and the shafts of the turbines of individual boats are combined with each other in a single shaft of the combined boat.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings. FIG. 1 and 2 determine the goal-setting basis of the invention, which is the prototype we adopted. Those. The prototype craft consists of floats 1, covered by a common deck, and also a shaft 2 fixed on this basis, carrying a turbine 3, rigidly fixed on it. The technology that consumes kinetic energy taken from the river, which in the form of torque through the appropriate system is transmitted to the device that extracts soil from the bottom of the river, is also saved from the prototype. However, this is only a convenient illustration, taken from the same prototype we adopted. For our solution is an energy-producing watercraft, where the energy extracted from the river through torque can be transferred to any other production need, as already mentioned and we will say more. So, the essence of our invention, taking the prototype scheme as a basis, develops and strengthens it by the fact that instead of one watercraft three are arranged (Fig. 3), where the solution is shown in plan, and in FIG. 4 - the same, but in a perspective view. As a result, three watercraft (can be more or less, depending on the specific situation) are combined into one watercraft by connecting shafts 2 through inserts 4, converting three shafts 2 into a single shaft, transmitting torque to the soil extraction system from the bottom of the river with a grab. It is clear that as a result of such a connection, the power of the torque increases three times, with all the positive consequences arising from this, which we will also talk more about. With a larger number of prefabricated elements, an increase in the total power is corresponding. But at the same time, a prerequisite follows - not only from three shafts 2 a single, common shaft for three turbines 3 is created, because in addition to this shaft combination, floats 1 of adjacent watercraft should be combined through the appropriate connection devices 5. The design options for devices 5 can be very diverse , but in all cases, the main requirement is the maximum simplicity and manufacturability of these compounds to ensure their maximum reliability during operation of the proposed combined craft.

It is quite realistic to solve this problem appropriately for our craft with maximum reliability and manufacturability. Moreover, using the wealth of experience in creating and operating associations and connections of parts of structures from various fields of activity, including floating equipment.

To the above, it is necessary to add the following.

The indicated combination of shafts 2 and floats 1, creating a unified structural system for a prefabricated craft, should ensure its integrity and operability as a single spatial structure, constantly subjected to a multitude of force impacts on it, especially the water flow, on which and inside which this structural system resides. It is clear that this structural system due to these influences will also undergo certain deformations. So, the problem must be solved in such a way that the integrity of this system allows it to deform with minimal formation of undesirable forces, such as bending forces. In particular, in the first place, we are talking about a single shaft connected from separate shafts 2 using connecting inserts 4 between them. Therefore, we repeat, in order to eliminate the formation of bending forces in a single shaft and in all its elements, the inserts 4 are connected to the shafts 2 through cardan joints providing the assigned task. The cardan joints are not conditionally shown in the drawing, because it is the most reliable structural masterpiece, which has almost unlimited mass and a wealth of experience in its application, starting from 1550, when Gerolamo Cardano (1501-1576) informed the world about this decision.

The same ideology of safe and reliable deformability of the proposed structural system of the vessel under consideration must be ensured when creating 1 connecting elements 5 between the floats. it is understood that these elements are indicated schematically, assuming the obligatoriness of their device in a hinged version, ensuring the connection of the floats with each other with reliable transmission between the floats of only normal forces (vertical, horizontal or inclined), but without the formation of bending forces in these nodes of the connection between the floats 1. Knots of this type are also extremely massive structures, so we confine ourselves to their schematic designation in the drawing, claiming that in each case e nodes 5, for our watercraft, can be created in the most efficient way.

We continue the analysis of the proposed solution, revealing more fully its positives.

First of all, let us return to the fact that the proposed invention, called the term "floating craft", provides the most efficient production of river energy for a wide variety of industrial and production needs. For the option of extracting soil from the bottom of the river shown in the drawing illustrates a particular, and not the most demanded case, based on all the possible needs and requirements of the extracted energy. Therefore, any other equipment may be arranged at the site of the equipment shown for mining. Without repeating and not listing all possible situations in this regard, we note the most popular option - the creation of a hydroelectric power station on this craft. Naturally - it will be a small hydroelectric power station, according to the existing nomenclature of gradation of such power plants. We repeat and emphasize - this is a floating hydroelectric power station. We pay particular attention to the floating aspect, because the practice of such power plants is very limited. And this limitation is due, first of all, to the lack of positives provided by this invention.

In fact, it would seem that a floating version of a hydroelectric power station has such a multitude and a variety of advantages - in comparison with the need to create dams - an indispensable attribute of traditional hydroelectric power stations, including small ones. However, the matter does not go, because everything depends on the total complex of low-tech creation of floating hydroelectric power stations. Those. there is a complex of factors that cross out everything that seems to be the completely obvious advantages of a floating hydroelectric power station. The low-tech floating hydropower plants, both constructive and operational, are very expertly analyzed and presented - for example, the Internet Free-flow hydroelectric power stations. Publication of 11/19/2012 by the user of the Press Service. As a result, the same publication summarizes this misunderstanding, arguing that the kinetic energy of rivers is a promising resource for renewable energy, but so far it has not been able to effectively take it. Such a paradox arises in reality, despite the external temptation of a floating hydroelectric device.

And we eliminate this misunderstanding.

ВИДЕО). И мы видим, что общественность, при всей своей решимости, бессильна противостоять финансово-захватнической бездушности, уничтожающей все на своем пути - ради сиюминутной выгоды. Эта трагедия уникальнейшего региона не только Украины, но и всей Европы, серьезнейшим образом не только подпитывается, но в сущности, откровенно курируется самой властью Украины на всех ее уровнях. Властью, спекулирующей на острейшей энергетической дефицитности в стране в целом, и в данном регионе особенно. Властью, утверждающей, что такова проза жизни, где не имеется ничего более разумного, чем создание малых ГЭС в таком умопомрачительном количестве.First of all, while maintaining the positive prototype, in terms of ensuring the possibility of delivering our boat to any, for many other options, practically inaccessible zone, or even to a whole impassable region. Moreover, we attach to this positive unlimited (practical) provision for increasing the power generation capacity. Those. ensuring the maximum possible selection of this power from the river, without creating any river or its basin of environmental shocks that cross out the very meaning of creating a hydroelectric power station in such conditions. A vivid illustration of what has been said is an environmental disaster, already identified in the Carpathians. Where is the construction of 550 small hydropower plants planned. Despite the powerful public outrage and resistance to this criminal undertaking, the catastrophe is growing, literally from the first steps demonstrating in nature its essence, which is deadly for the environment (see, for example, the Internet

VIDEO). And we see that the public, with all its determination, is powerless to resist the financially-aggressive soullessness, destroying everything in its path - for the sake of momentary profit. This tragedy of the unique region not only of Ukraine, but of the whole of Europe, in a most serious way, is not only fueled, but, in essence, openly supervised by the authorities of Ukraine at all its levels. The authorities speculating on the most acute energy deficit in the country as a whole, and especially in this region. The authorities claiming that this is the prose of life, where there is nothing more reasonable than the creation of small hydroelectric power stations in such an amazing amount.

We are knocking this power-business and criminal bugbear out of the hands of the small-power Carpathian destroyers of the Carpathians, giving the public the opportunity not only to increase protest and resistance, but also to equip the Carpathian defenders with a scientific and engineering tool, which is this invention.

For our solution of the energy problem by using the kinetic energy of the rivers is the breakthrough that science engineering has been striving for over a century, and now it gets the opportunity to solve this longed-for task without the barbarous consequences of the destruction and destruction of Nature!

Indeed, to whom and what does the proposed floating hydroelectric station harm or create even the slightest inconvenience?

Not a single square meter of the earth’s surface is captured.

The existing river regime is maintained.

All types of life in the river do not receive any infringement, and especially destruction.

It is clear that there is a need for the installation of power lines (from hydroelectric power stations to electricity consumers), which is an introduction to the existing situation in the region of the construction of hydroelectric power stations. But, firstly, it is incomparable even to a small extent with the horrors and losses with the traditional devices of small hydropower plants mentioned above. And most importantly, the immediate prospect is such that it will be possible to avoid even this meager introduction into Nature, such as these power lines are.

Claims (1)

A floating craft on a river with a turbine / turbines mounted / fixed on it for taking kinetic energy from a river flow, the axis of rotation of which is oriented across the river flow, characterized in that the floating craft is assembled from separate craft of the indicated type, interconnected into a single system so that the axis of rotation of the turbines of individual boats coincide, and the shafts of the turbines of individual boats are combined with each other in a single shaft of the combined boat.

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