RU2612655C1 - Device for selection of working frequency for network of radio-electronic devices - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: method is implemented by adding to the device of the following items: a calculator, a unit for calculation of combinational components, a scanning receiver with antenna, frequency synthesizers, analog-to-digital converter, a unit for storage of plans of communication with an external input, a main (inter-unit) bus with links.

EFFECT: expansion of functionality, namely in interactive selection of operating frequencies, not only taking into account the minimum frequency separation like in a prototype, but also taking into account the availability of components and the combination of the current interference situation that provides a communication plan.

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Description

The invention relates to radio communication systems and can be used to select radiation frequencies that provide electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and a low noise level.

A device for implementing a software and hardware method for selecting operating frequencies in a team of radio facilities, in which, while transmitting radio signals, first determine the possible values of the operating frequencies of radio transmitting and receiving devices, and then check the selected frequencies from the point of view of EMC radio [1]. For this, the device contains blocks simulating the primary and secondary radiation of radio transmitting devices (RPUs), blocks of operating radio receivers (RPrU), blocks simulating various types of interference, blocks of forming a frequency grid, a unit for verifying the possibility of using the selected frequencies for RPU and RPrU, a re-block frequency selection, if the originally selected frequencies for RPU and RPRU are incompatible. This device provides EMC, but does not solve the problem of optimizing the choice of operating frequencies in such a way as to minimize their total number, which is necessary and sufficient for satisfactory functioning of the radio network, and also does not provide options for the operation of the device in the presence of interference.

The closest in technical essence to the invention is a device for selecting the operating frequency of a network of electronic equipment, which is chosen as a prototype [2]. In it, to ensure EMC when choosing radiation frequencies for transmitting signals over radio links, the spacing between the selected frequencies should be no less than the minimum frequency spacing (CDM). This device was considered optimal, from the point of view of providing EMC, if the minimum length of the portion of the radio spectrum occupied by the operating frequencies taking into account the use of the CDM was selected. To do this, in the device for selecting the operating frequency of the network of electronic devices, there is a series-connected unit for recording the values of the minimum frequency radii between operating frequencies, a CDM storage unit, an CDM summing unit, a summing results ranking unit, a frequency grid generator, an electromagnetic compatibility check unit (EMC) for electronic devices (RES), a decisive unit, a unit for recording and storing selected values of operating frequencies and a unit for distributing operating frequencies between the RES. The inputs of the unit for selecting the number of radio stations for setting the operating frequencies are connected to the output of the unit for ranking the results of summation and the output of the deciding unit, and the output of the unit for selecting the number of radio stations for setting the operating frequencies is connected to the input of the check unit for EMC RES The output of the recording and storage unit of the selected operating frequency values is connected to the “Reset” input of the EMC RES check unit, the signal inputs of which are connected to the output of the CDM storage unit. The exclusion block of RES with assigned frequencies is included between the output of the recording unit of the minimum frequency separation between the operating frequencies and the input of the CDM summing unit, the control input of which is connected to the output of the recording and storage unit of the selected operating frequency values. The address input of the RES exception block with the assigned frequencies is connected to the output of the radio station number selection block for setting the operating frequencies.

The prototype has the following disadvantages:

- not taken into account intermodulation interference when receiving radio signals, such as blocking, cross-modulation, created mainly by the combination components of the emitted radio signals, formed due to the presence of nonlinearities in the transmitting device and the interaction of powerful radio signals on the nonlinearities of the antenna-feeder path, for example, on oxide films in high-frequency connectors operating as a semiconductor diode;

- the procedures specified in the prototype are carried out in static mode and can be used at the stage of preparing radio links for work, and in the dynamics of the operating frequencies should be selected not only taking into account the EMC, but also taking into account the characteristics of the transmitting devices and the current interference environment.

Thus, the main technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is aimed at expanding the functionality, namely, the choice of operating frequencies in dynamics, not only taking into account the minimum frequency spacing, as in the prototype, but also taking into account the presence of combinational components and the current interference environment, thus providing communication planning.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for selecting the operating frequency of the network of electronic equipment, containing a series-connected unit for recording the values of the minimum frequency separation (CDM) between the operating frequencies, the storage unit for the CDM, the unit for summing the CDM, the unit for ranking the results of summing the CDM, frequency grid generator, a unit for checking electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of a RES, a decisive unit, a unit for recording and storing selected values of operating frequencies and a unit for distributing operating frequencies between the RES, and t moreover, a unit for selecting the number of radio stations for setting operating frequencies, the inputs of which are connected to the output of the ranking unit for summing up the results and the output of the decisive unit, and the output is connected to the input of the check unit for EMC RES, while the output of the unit for recording and storing selected values of working frequencies of EMC is connected to the input Reset ”of the EMC RES check unit, the signal inputs of which are connected to the output of the CDM storage unit, the RES exclusion unit with the assigned frequencies, included between the output of the CDM value recording unit between the operating frequencies and input the CDM summing unit, the control input of which is connected to the output of the recording and storage unit of the selected operating frequency values, and the address input of the RES exception unit with the assigned frequencies is connected to the output of the radio station number selection unit for setting the operating frequencies, the output of the CDM value recording unit between the operating frequencies is connected also to the input of the frequency grid driver, the output of the RES exclusion block with the assigned frequencies is connected to the CDM results ranking unit, the input of the CDM values recording unit between which frequencies is the information input of the device, the outputs of the operating frequency distribution unit between the RESs are the information outputs of the device, an additional combinational component calculation unit is included, included between the output of the recording and storage unit of the selected operating frequencies and the input of the operating frequency distribution unit between the RES, a scanning receiver with an antenna whose control input is connected to the first output of the frequency synthesizer, and the output to the information input of an analog-to-digital converter, syn the loop-out of which is connected to the second output of the frequency synthesizer, the output of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the information input of the computer, which is connected by two-way communications to the storage unit of communication plans with an external input, and, in addition, the computer is connected by two-way communications via the main bus to the inputs / outputs of the unit exceptions for RES with assigned frequencies, EMC checker for RES, recording and storage of selected operating frequency values, frequency grid driver, the output of the calculator is connected to the control at the input of the frequency synthesizer.

The drawing shows a structural diagram of a device consisting of the following nodes:

1 - block recording values of the CDM between the operating frequencies;

2 - CDM storage unit;

3 - block summation CDM;

4 - block ranking the results of summing the CDM;

5 - unit for selecting the number of radio stations for setting operating frequencies;

6 - frequency grid former;

7 - block check EMC RES;

8 - a crucial unit;

9 - block recording and storage of selected values of the operating frequencies;

10 - block distribution of operating frequencies between RES;

11 - block exclusion RES with assigned frequencies;

12 - block calculation of the combination components;

13 - scanning receiver with antenna;

14 - frequency synthesizer;

15 - analog-to-digital Converter;

16 - calculator;

17 - a storage unit for communication plans with external input 19;

18 - trunk (interblock) bus;

20 - information input device;

21 - information outputs of the device.

The device operates as follows. At the stage of preparation for work, operations are carried out in it, as in the prototype. The information input 20 of the device - the input of block 1 receives the values of the minimum frequency spacing between the operating frequencies of the radio links and is recorded. These data are stored in block 2. From the second output of block 1, a sequence of natural numbers from 1 to N, where N is the number of RES, is fed to the information input of block 11 of the exclusion of RES with the assigned frequencies and to the sync input of the frequency grid former 6. The clock input of block 11 is connected to the first output of block 5 for selecting the number of radio stations for setting the operating frequencies, and the output of block 11 is simultaneously to the input of block 3 of summing the CDM and to the second input of block 4 of ranking the results of summing the CDM. Block 3 calculates the sum of the CDM of electronic equipment, the numbers of which are submitted to its control input, and transfers them to the block 4 ranking the results of summing the CDM. In block 4, the RES numbers are sorted in decreasing order of the CDM sums, which are transmitted to the inputs of the frequency shaper 6 to select the operating frequencies and block 5 for setting the operating frequencies at the corresponding radio station, which brings block 5 to the state corresponding to the choice of the first RES, and block 6 - to the state corresponding to the choice of the next frequency. From the output of block 6, the value of the selected frequency is supplied to the second input of block 7 of electromagnetic compatibility of electronic equipment, and from block 5, the number of the next RES from the sorted sequence is fed to the first input of block 7. In block 7, the EMC of the RES is checked to ensure that the appropriate RES is assigned a specified frequency that may already be selected for another RES. In this case, the CDM from block 2 is used and the already selected “No. RES - frequency” pairs from block 9. From the output of block 7, the next pair “No. RES - frequency” is transmitted to the input of decision block 8, as well as information on the admissibility of such an assignment. If the assignment is permissible, then the decision block 8 from its information output transmits to the input of block 9 a pair of "No. RES - frequency", in which the frequency value for the corresponding RES is recorded and the operating frequencies are stored. From the synchronizing output of block 8 to the counting input of block 5, a synchronizing signal is transferred, which transfers block 5 to the state of selection of the next RES in a sorted sequence. If the previous RES was the last, block 5 is put into the state of selection of the first RES, and from its synchronizing output a signal is transmitted to the synchronizing input of block 11, which, using the information from blocks 9 and 1, transmits to the input of block 3 a new sequence of numbers of RES not containing RES numbers for which operating frequencies have already been selected. The process is repeated until the operating frequencies are selected for all RESs.

The output bus of the CDM storage unit 2 is connected to the corresponding inputs of the unit 3 and the unit 7 for checking the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the electronic means. The output of block 3 is connected to the first input of block 4 ranking the results of summing the CDM.

As soon as the second pair “No. RES - frequency” is determined, block 12 for calculating the combination components is turned on.

When receiving and transmitting antennas are placed on the mast or on one aircraft, intermodulation interference is potentially possible when receiving radio signals by one radio station from the radiation of radio transmitters of other radio stations, arising from the simultaneous operation of several transmitters. The interference frequencies f _{they are} calculated as follows:

where f _i is the frequency of the i-th transmitting device; m _i = 0; ± 1; ± 2; ...; J;

J is the maximum number of simultaneously functioning transmitting devices.

If the level of intermodulation interference at the input of the receiver exceeds a threshold value determined by the allowable signal-to-noise ratio to obtain the required reliability of information transmission, then such an operating frequency should be excluded from the list of assigned ones.

In block 12, according to formula (1), the values of the frequencies of the combination components are calculated, which can fall into the passband of two receivers (at the next step of the calculation, three receivers, and so on). If the frequencies of the combination components fell into the passband of two receivers (at the next calculation step, three receivers, and so on), then from block 12, a message is sent to the input of block 6 via the trunk (interblock) bus 18 to change (increase) the magnitude of the operating frequency, for example, at the set step of the frequency grid and the verification procedure is repeated. This message using block 11 blocks the assignment of the operating frequency to the next RES. After the MFRs are arranged and the calculator 16 checks the correct alignment, an unlock command for block 11 is issued from it and the procedure for assigning the operating frequency is repeated.

When interference occurs, the device operates according to the algorithms of intelligent radio systems, the operation of which is based on the following procedures [3-5]:

- continuous scanning in frequency in the selected ranges, determining the presence of spectra of emitted radio signals and their spurious emissions;

- extracting according to the results of analysis of information in real time from the surrounding radio air, predicting changes in the parameters of the communication channel with the selected subscriber for communication and optimally adjusting their internal state parameters, adapting to changes in the radio environment;

- continuous analysis of the parameters of the radio channel, estimation of channel information, storage of received data, prediction of the state of the radio channel and the actions of the subscriber served;

- control of radiated and received power, dynamic control of the data transfer rate, the shape of the radiated radio signal and its spectrum.

In the mathematical sense, the essence of the task of providing EMC and regulating the power emitted by the transmitter in a multi-user environment is to choose the optimal level of radiated power among n users in order to maximize the constantly measured signal / noise ratio, without exceeding the maximum permissible level of this ratio, which ensures the given communication reliability, and at subject to a limited number of dedicated frequency channels in which interference may also be present. The problem is that with increasing power of the transmitted radio signal of each user, an undesirable effect of increasing the level of intermodulation interference at the input of the receivers of other users and, consequently, a decrease in the reliability of information transmission can be observed.

The main task of the calculator 16 procedures is to ensure that for a given sensitivity of the scanning receiver 13 with an antenna, an acceptable threshold, depending on the ratio of signal power and interference at the input of the receiver 13, at which the reception quality does not deteriorate or deteriorates by an acceptable value, in the case the appearance of interference in the bands assigned by the device of the minimum frequency spacings of the radio frequency spectrum, the condition for the noise not to exceed the specified threshold was fulfilled. These operations are carried out using a scanning receiver 13 with an antenna, the operating frequency of which is determined by the frequency synthesizer 14, controlled by the calculator 16. The signal-to-noise ratio is determined in the calculator 16 by a digital message from the output of the analog-to-digital converter 15, which processes the signal from the output of the receiver 13 Discretization in time in the analog-to-digital Converter 15 is carried out by pulses from the second output of the synthesizer 14 frequencies.

The values of the digital threshold and step of the frequency grid, the characteristics of the receiving and transmitting devices, the values assigned by the device of frequencies and other parameters are stored in the block 17 for storing communication plans with an external input 19, by which these data can be changed, then entered into the calculator 16 and after confirmation the corresponding control commands to the inputs / outputs of blocks 6, 7, 9, 12 with the calculator 16 are used for subsequent procedures from the information outputs 21 of the block 10 of the distribution of operating frequencies between the RES.

The main (interblock) bus 18 can be implemented, for example, using the MKIO interface GOST R-52070-2003.

After the completion of all CDM arrangement and elimination of the effect on the interference radio lines from the calculator 16, a command is issued to the combination component calculation unit 12 to allow the communication plan to pass to the served electronic means through the operating frequency distribution unit 10 between the RES.

Thus, the inclusion of new units in the device: a computer, a unit for calculating combinational components, a scanning receiver with an antenna, a frequency synthesizer, an analog-to-digital converter, a storage unit for communication plans with an external input, and a trunk (interblock) bus with their connections can increase the noise immunity of data exchange between communication stations by creating protection against intermodulation interference and ensuring the operation of the device in dynamic mode regardless of the level of interference.

The newly introduced nodes of the claimed device are known to specialists in the field of communication technology, as evidenced by the above links. This device is significantly different from analogues known in the field of communication technology, it does not explicitly follow from the prior art, therefore it meets the conditions of patentability “inventive step” and “novelty”. The inventive device can be implemented in hardware and software using existing serial devices used in communications and computer technology, and is industrially applicable.

Literature

1. Frazler R.A. Compatibility and the Frequency Selection Problem. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Comatibility V. EMC. - 17, No. 4, November, 1975, p. 248-255.

2. RF patent No. 1783629 (prototype).

3. Joseph Mitola III. Cognitive Radio. An Integrated Agent Architecture for Software Defined Radio // Doctor of Technology Dissertation, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, May 2000.

4. Simon Haykin. Cognitive Radio: Brain-Empowered Wireless Communications // IEEE Journal on selected areas and communications, vol. 23, No. 2, February 2005, p. 213.

5. D.V. Avdonin, A.G. Ryndyk. Intelligent Radio Systems: Cognitive Radio // BC / NW 2006, No. 1.

Claims (1)

A device for selecting the operating frequency of a network of radio-electronic means (RES), comprising a series-connected unit for recording the minimum frequency separation (CDM) values between operating frequencies, a CDM storage unit, a CDM summing unit, a unit for ranking the results of CDM summing, a frequency shaper, an electromagnetic compatibility check unit ( EMC) RES, a deciding unit, a unit for recording and storing selected values of operating frequencies and a unit for distributing operating frequencies between RES, and also a unit for selecting the number of radio stations for installation operating frequencies, the inputs of which are connected to the output of the ranking unit for summing the results and the output of the decisive unit, and the output is connected to the input of the EMC RES check unit, while the output of the recording and storage unit of the selected EMC operating frequencies is connected to the “Reset” input of the EMC RES check unit, the signal inputs of which are connected to the output of the CDM storage unit, the RES exclusion unit with the assigned frequencies, connected between the output of the CDM value recording unit between the operating frequencies and the input of the CDM summing unit, the control input of which ohm is connected to the output of the recording and storage unit of the selected operating frequency values, and the address input of the RES exception unit with the assigned frequencies is connected to the output of the radio station number selection unit for setting the operating frequencies, the output of the CDM value recording unit between the operating frequencies is also connected to the input of the frequency shaper, the output of the exclusion block RES with the assigned frequencies is connected to the ranking unit for summing the results of the CDM, the input of the unit for recording the values of the CDM between the operating frequencies is an information input The outputs and outputs of the operating frequency distribution block between the RESs are information outputs of the device, characterized in that a combinational component calculation block is inserted between the output of the recording and storage unit of the selected operating frequencies and the input of the operating frequency distribution block between the RES, a scanning receiver with an antenna whose control input is connected to the first output of the frequency synthesizer, and the output is to the information input of an analog-to-digital converter, the sync input of which is connected to the second at the output of the frequency synthesizer, the output of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the information input of the computer, which is connected by two-way communications to the storage unit for communication plans with an external input, and, in addition, the computer is connected by two-way communications to the inputs / outputs of the RES exclusion unit with the assigned frequencies, a unit for checking EMC RES, a unit for recording and storing selected values of operating frequencies, a frequency shaper, the output of the computer is connected to the control input of the frequency synthesizer.

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