RU2610834C1 - Dampener of low-frequency oscillations in split wires, cables and wire ropes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to electric power and can be used as an absorber of low frequency oscillations, for example dancing at split wires and cables of overhead lines, air line cables. The dampener comprises damping elements (2A) and (2B) of the pendulum (3), with loads (4A) and (4B) and the frame connecting the absorber with the wires (cables, ropes) (1). The frame is made of U-shaped arches (8), which are hung on the rods (6) of spacers (5) and are attached in pairs by their ends to the external flanges (9A) and (9B) of the damping elements (2A) and (2B) of the pendulum (3). The inner flanges (10A) and (10B) of the damping element (2A) and (2B) are connected to the pendulum (3) and have a rotable support for the bearing axis (11).

EFFECT: dampener, providing high efficiency of vibrations damping due to the large value of logarithmic decrement, providing operational reliability and adaptability in production.

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Description

The invention relates to the electric power industry and can be used as a damper of low-frequency oscillations, for example, dances of split wires and cables of overhead power transmission lines, as well as cables of overhead communication lines.

Known vibration damper wires of overhead power lines and self-supporting fiber optic communication cables containing a hollow body, rigidly connected to a clip for fixing on a wire or cable, and a damper assembly; while the housing is made of light weight material sealed with the possibility of non-expendable filling of its cavity with a gaseous non-freezing medium, the damper assembly is made in the form of an inertial element located and having the possibility of vertical movement inside the housing cavity, made in the form of a metal load, fixed coaxially with the vertical axis of the housing on a diaphragm made of elastic material, hermetically fixed around the perimeter between the upper and lower flanges of the housing and separating it inside the early volume to the upper and lower halves, and the body is equipped with springs compensating for the gravity of the load, providing a non-stressed state of the diaphragm in a static position, and at least one through throttling hole is made in the load or diaphragm, which creates a reaction that increases with increasing speed of movement through the aforementioned a throttling hole of a gaseous medium during vibrations of a wire or cable [1].

This technical solution uses the principle of damping transverse vibrations by introducing an agreed load on the path of their propagation; however, the implementation of such conditions in practice is not easy to achieve.

образных (в виде перевернутой буквы U) изогнутых дуг, подвешенных на упомянутых тягах дистанционных распорок и прикрепленных попарно своими концами к внешним фланцам демпферных элементов маятника, между которыми на закрепленной в указанных внешних фланцах несущей оси, параллельной расщепленным проводам, смонтированы с возможностью вращения соединенные с маятником внутренние фланцы демпферных элементов [2].The closest technical solution in relation to the proposed one is a damper of low-frequency vibrations of split wires, cables and cables, containing at least a pair of spacers with rods and dies-clamps for fastening to split wires, cables or cables, a horizontally located damped pendulum with loads, a frame made of at least two

shaped (in the form of an inverted letter U) curved arcs suspended on the mentioned rods of the distance struts and attached in pairs with their ends to the outer flanges of the damper elements of the pendulum, between which are mounted rotatably mounted on the supporting axis parallel to the split wires fixed to the split wires pendulum internal flanges of the damper elements [2].

This known damper for low-frequency vibrations of split wires, cables and cables has the following disadvantages:

- insufficient reliability of the elements of the damper unit due to the lack of fixation from their rotation;

- the attenuation level provided by the damper damper assembly was not standardized, therefore, the efficiency of the entire device was not reliably guaranteed;

- low logarithmic decrement of the pendulum (less than 0.5-1.0), which reduces the efficiency of the damper;

- the rigid connection between the points of suspension of the damper to the wires and the pendulum creates the risk of additional wear of the wires at these points and can reduce the reliability of the device;

образными несущими трубами выполнялось посредством сварки, при этом прочность соединения проконтролировать было трудно, существовала опасность появления сквозных течей в трубах в зоне сварки. Кроме того, усложнялась доставка гасителей на воздушную линию из-за неразборности конструкции;- connection rods spacers with

the shaped support pipes were carried out by welding, while it was difficult to control the strength of the connection, there was a risk of through leaks in the pipes in the welding zone. In addition, delivery of absorbers to the overhead line was complicated due to the inseparable design;

- there is a danger that during assembly of the damper assembly in the internal volumes of the damper tubular elements, residual atmospheric moisture may remain. Subsequent cooling of the damper to low temperatures is likely to cause air supersaturation in the internal volume and condensation to form. This can create prerequisites for the development of corrosion of metal parts located in the internal volume;

- the fixation of the ends of the tubular damping elements on the flanges is unreliable, it is difficult to ensure tightness, joint strength and resource resistance at the same time.

- there is a risk of squeezing the tubular damper from the mounting unit during prolonged use;

- the absence of eccentricity between the center of mass of the pendulum and the axis of rotation created the danger of the pendulum “moving away” from the nominal horizontal position due to, for example, uneven deposition of ice on the pendulum loads. Due to the creep tendency of the main component used in the elastomer damper (butyl rubber, which provides the required high damping), there was a danger that during operation the pendulum will lose its horizontal position, as a result, the absorber’s performance will decrease and the insulating distance from the split phase to the surface of the earth.

образных (в виде перевернутой буквы U) изогнутых дуг, подвешенных на упомянутых тягах дистанционных распорок и прикрепленных попарно своими концами к внешним фланцам демпферных элементов маятника, между которыми на закрепленной в указанных внешних фланцах несущей оси, параллельной расщепленным проводам, смонтированы с возможностью вращения соединенные с маятником внутренние фланцы демпферных элементов. Предлагаемый гаситель отличается тем, что упомянутые демпферные элементы выполнены в виде многослойных трубчатых цилиндров с армированием, концы которых заделаны во внешних и внутренних фланцах посредством накладных полуфланцев, при этом грузы маятника закреплены с эксцентриситетом и имеют общий центр масс, расположенный ниже несущей оси вращения на величину (0,05-0,1)L, где L - общая длина маятника, тяги каждой из дистанционных распорок снабжены замками, выполненными в виде закрепленных на

образных дугах рамы хомутов с плоскими заплечиками и отверстиями, в которые введены тяги распорок и расположены клиновые вставки, фиксирующие указанные тяги относительно дуг посредством по меньшей мере одного болта, позволяющего обеспечить надежное соединение тяг с рамой в заданном их взаимном расположения,

образные дуги в зоне установки замков снабжены эластомерным покрытием, уменьшающим передачу вибрационных колебаний с проводов, кабелей или тросов на конструкцию гасителя, причем во внешних фланцах внутренних объемов трубчатых цилиндров демпферных элементов и в стенках

образных изогнутых дуг, при выполнении их из трубы, проделаны дренажные отверстия, позволяющие организовать обмен воздухом с окружающей атмосферой, что исключает накопление и длительное существование конденсата или капель конденсата во внутренних объемах; слои армирующей оплетки в трубчатых цилиндрах демпферов выполнены с применением высокопрочной нейлоновой или низкомодульной нити; трубчатые цилиндры демпферных элементов выполнены полностью или частично из бутилкаучуковой резины (композиции); диаметр дренирующих отверстий составляет 1,5-3 мм; плашки-зажимы дистанционных распорок снабжены эластичными прокладками, изготовленными из неопреновой резины (композиции)».The authors and the Applicant were faced with the practical task of developing a low-frequency vibration damper of split wires, cables and cables much better in terms of design reliability during long-term operation, vibration damping efficiency, simplification and cheapening of the manufacturing process in comparison with a similar damper, made according to the nearest the well-known analogue, taken as a prototype in relation to the proposed technical solution. The indicated positive technical result was achieved due to a new set of essential structural features of a damped low-frequency vibration damper of split wires, cables and cables made according to the present invention, which is presented in the following formula: “low-frequency damped vibration oscillator of split wires, cables and cables, containing at least a pair of remote spacers with rods and dies-clamps for fastening to split wires, cables or cables, horizontally located damped pendulum with loads, frame made of at least two

shaped (in the form of an inverted letter U) curved arcs suspended on the mentioned rods of the distance struts and attached in pairs with their ends to the outer flanges of the damper elements of the pendulum, between which are mounted rotatably mounted on the supporting axis parallel to the split wires fixed to the split wires pendulum internal flanges of the damper elements. The proposed damper is characterized in that the said damper elements are made in the form of multilayer tubular cylinders with reinforcement, the ends of which are sealed in the outer and inner flanges by means of overhead flanges, while the loads of the pendulum are fixed with eccentricity and have a common center of mass located below the rotational axis of rotation by an amount (0.05-0.1) L, where L is the total length of the pendulum, the rods of each of the distance struts are equipped with locks made in the form of fixed on

shaped arches of the frame of the clamps with flat shoulders and openings, into which the tie rods are inserted and wedge inserts are located that fix the specified rods with respect to the arcs by means of at least one bolt, which ensures reliable connection of the rods with the frame in their specified relative position,

the shaped arcs in the installation area of the locks are provided with an elastomeric coating that reduces the transmission of vibration from wires, cables or cables to the damper structure, moreover, in the outer flanges of the internal volumes of the tubular cylinders of the damper elements and in the walls

shaped curved arcs, when they were made from a pipe, drainage holes were made to organize the exchange of air with the surrounding atmosphere, which eliminates the accumulation and long-term existence of condensate or condensate droplets in internal volumes; the layers of the reinforcing braid in the tubular cylinders of the dampers are made using high-strength nylon or low-modulus threads; the tubular cylinders of the damper elements are made in whole or in part of butyl rubber rubber (composition); the diameter of the drainage holes is 1.5-3 mm; "the distance clamp dies are equipped with elastic gaskets made of neoprene rubber (composition)."

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a low-frequency vibration damper of split wires, cables and cables made in accordance with the present invention, isometric view; in FIG. 2 is the same as in FIG. 1, a section through a connection unit of an external flange of a damper assembly with a bearing axis of a damper; in FIG. 3 is the same as in FIG. 1 is a view of a lock for connecting remote struts to a damper frame.

образных (в виде перевернутой буквы U) дуг 8, которые подвешиваются на тягах 6 дистанционных распорок 5 и прикрепляются попарно своими концами к внешним фланцам 9А и 9Б демпферных элементов 2А и 2Б маятника 3. Внутренние фланцы 10А и 10Б демпферных элементов 2А и 2Б соединены с маятником 3 и они имеют опору с возможностью вращения на несущую ось 11, параллельную расщепленным проводам (кабелям, тросам).The inventive damper of low-frequency oscillations of a bundle of wires, cables and cables is designed to protect the overhead power line with a split phase, consisting of two wires 1. The main parts of the damper are two damper elements 2A and 2B, a horizontally located pendulum 3 with loads 4A and 4B, as well as details frames connecting the absorber with wires (cables, cables), namely two remote spacers 5A and 5B with rods 6 and dies-clamps 7 for fastening to split wires (cables, cables) 1, a frame, made, for example, and of two

shaped (in the form of an inverted letter U) arcs 8, which are suspended on rods 6 of the distance struts 5 and are attached in pairs with their ends to the outer flanges 9A and 9B of the damper elements 2A and 2B of the pendulum 3. The inner flanges 10A and 10B of the damper elements 2A and 2B are connected to pendulum 3 and they have a support with the possibility of rotation on the bearing axis 11, parallel to the split wires (cables, cables).

The damper elements 2A and 2B are made in the form of multilayer tubular cylinders with reinforcement and widenings 12 at the ends, which are sealed in the outer and inner flanges 9, 10 by means of patch flanges 13 and covers. The covers 14 of the outer flanges 9 are provided with drainage holes 15 with a diameter of 1.5-3 mm, which allow the ventilation of the internal volumes of dampers, which eliminates the accumulation and long-term existence of condensate or condensate droplets in them. The loads 4A and 4B of the pendulum 3 are fixed so that they have a common center of mass located below the bearing axis of rotation 11 by the amount of (0.05-0.1) L, where L is the total length of the pendulum 3.

The rod 6 of each of the distance struts 5A and 5B is equipped with a pair of locks made in the form of clamps 16 covering the cross section of the arc 16 with flat shoulders 17. A rod 6 of the distance spacer 5 and a wedge insert 19 fixing the rod 6 are inserted into the hole 18 of the shoulders 17 of each of the clamps 16 relative to the arc 8 by means of a bolt 20, which allows for reliable connection of the distance spacers with the damper frame in a given relative position.

Reinforcement of tubular cylinders of dampers is carried out in the form of layers of a reinforcing braid of high-strength nylon or other low-modulus thread.

образных изогнутых дуг 8, при изготовлении их из трубы, также выполняются дренажные отверстия 21 диаметром 1,5-3 мм, позволяющие организовать вентиляцию внутренних объемов, что исключает накопление и длительное существование конденсата в них.In the lower ends

shaped curved arcs 8, in the manufacture of them from the pipe, drainage holes 21 are also made with a diameter of 1.5-3 mm, which allows the organization of ventilation of internal volumes, which eliminates the accumulation and long-term existence of condensate in them.

The tubular cylinders 12 of the damper elements 2A and 2B are made in whole or in part from butyl rubber rubber (composition), and the dies-clamps 7 of the distance spacers 5A and 5B are equipped with elastic gaskets made of neoprene rubber (composition).

The invention works as follows.

The principle of operation of the pendulum damper is to ensure the absorption of energy of torsional vibrations of split wires, cables or cables. In this case, the pendulum, moving with delay under external influence, provides a mismatch of the phases of the transverse and torsional vibrations of the wire bundle and ultimately the damping of vibrational vibrations in this region of the low-frequency range. The proposed damper of low-frequency vibrations of split wires, cables and cables has significant advantages in terms of ensuring high efficiency of vibration damping due to the large value of the logarithmic decrement of vibrations, which is at least 1.5 ÷ 2.0; reliable fixation of damper elements, excluding their rotation during operation; ventilation of all internal cavities of the structure due to the implementation of drainage through holes that prevent the accumulation of atmospheric moisture in the internal volumes of the damper; reliable connection of the damper frame with the rods of the distance struts, which dramatically increases its operational reliability and manufacturability during production and transportation; reduce vibration effects of wires (cables, cables) on the design of the damper, thereby also increasing the reliability of its operation.

Information sources

[one]. Description to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2412511 “Damping oscillation”, H02G 7/14, filed March 26, 2010, publ. 02/20/2011.

[2]. Description to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2501138 “Absorber of low-frequency vibrations of wires, cables and cables”, H02G 7/14, filed February 6, 2012, publ. 08/20/2013.

[3]. Description to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2365009 "Damper dances of wires overhead power lines", H02G 7/14, stated 08.07.2008, publ. 08/20/2009.

[four]. Description to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2316865 "Advanced absorber for dancing the wires of an overhead power line", H02G 7/14, filed May 25, 2005, publ. 02/10/2008.

[5]. PCT International Application WO 00/77902 A1 "Damper for an overhead cable", filed May 30, 2000, publ. 12/21/2000.

[6]. "A New Damper to Solve Galloping on Bundled Lines. Theoretical Background ". Keugten R.J. and L. Lilien. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. January. Vol. 13. N 1, pp 260-266.

Claims (5)

1. A damper of low-frequency vibrations of split wires, cables and cables, comprising at least a pair of spacers with rods and clamp dies for fastening to split wires, cables or cables, a horizontally located damped pendulum with loads, a frame made of at least two U-shaped curved arcs suspended on the mentioned rods of distance spacers and attached in pairs with their ends to the outer flanges of the damper elements of the pendulum, between which are fixed in the indicated outside on the flanges of the bearing axis parallel to the split wires, rotatably mounted inner flanges of the damper elements connected to the pendulum, characterized in that the said damper elements are made in the form of multilayer tubular cylinders with reinforcement, the ends of which are sealed in the outer and inner flanges by means of patch flanges, the loads of the pendulum are fixed with an eccentricity below their bearing axis of rotation, the rods of each of the distance struts are equipped with locks made in the form of closed captured on U-shaped curved arches of the frame of the clamps with flat shoulders and holes into which the tie rods are inserted and wedge inserts are located that fix the specified rods relative to the arcs by means of at least one bolt, which ensures reliable connection of the rods with the frame in their predetermined relative position, U-shaped curved arcs in the installation area of the locks are equipped with an elastomeric coating that reduces the transmission of vibration from wires, cables or cables to the damper structure, and in the outer flanges internal volume of the tubular elements and the damper cylinder in the walls of U-shaped curved arcs, when executed from the tube, perform the drainage holes, allowing to organize the exchange of air with the ambient atmosphere, which prevents the accumulation of condensation and prolonged existence or condensate drops in the internal volume. 2. A damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers of the reinforcing braid in the tubular cylinders of the dampers are made using high-strength nylon or low-modulus filaments. 3. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular cylinders of the damper elements are made in whole or in part of butyl rubber rubber. 4. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the drainage holes is 1.5-3 mm. 5. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the dies and clamps of the distance spacers are equipped with elastic gaskets made of neoprene rubber.

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