RU2608393C1 - Method of articles making from foam plastic and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production methods and to equipment for production of articles from foam plastic and can be used in construction tools, particularly in plaster shredding inserts making. Technical result is achieved by foam plastic parts production device, containing horizontal base with installed on it mold half-molds with possibility of relative displacement, half-molds driven closing mechanism and spring-loaded ejectors fitted on half-molds. Half-molds are made movable in horizontal plane and installed on horizontal base in guides with possibility of opposite reciprocating movement along guides relative to horizontal base. Embedded part supply in shaping zone mechanism includes mandrel installed on rod tip with possibility of embedded part installation on mandrel free ends. Spring-loaded ejectors are mounted with possibility of displacement in horizontal plane in form of rods with tips on one side, with possibility of interaction with finished article, and on other side is with limiters, interacting with retainers, rigidly installed on horizontal base and spring-loaded relative to retainers by means of compression springs, mounted on ejectors rods between retainers and limiting washers, rigidly fixed on ejectors rods, with possibility of limiting washers interaction with half-molds. Distance between ejectors tips in half-molds closed position is not less than finished product width.

EFFECT: technical result is enhanced equipment range.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to manufacturing methods and equipment for the production of foam products and may find application in construction tools, in particular in the manufacture of stucco graters.

A known method of manufacturing foam products (see AS SU 971662, B29C 27/00, 1982), comprising closing the mold, supplying components to the mold, supplying coolant for heating and melting the components, supplying refrigerant for cooling the components in the mold, opening the mold and removing the finished product.

There is also a known method of manufacturing foam products (see AS SU 1167025, B29C 39/02, 1985), comprising closing the mold half-molds, feeding components to the mold, supplying coolant for heating and melting the components, supplying refrigerant for cooling components in the mold, opening the mold and removing the finished product.

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not provide for the manufacture of products with reinforcing embedded parts.

A device for manufacturing foam products is known (see AS SU 971662, B29C 27/00, 1982), containing a horizontal base with mold half-molds mounted on it, forming together cavities for forming the product with the possibility of relative movement, a locking mechanism mold half with a drive.

A device for manufacturing foam products is also known (see AS SU 1167025, B29C 39/02, 1985), containing a horizontal base with mold half-molds mounted on it, forming together cavities for forming the product with the possibility of relative movement, mechanism locking mold molds with a drive and spring-loaded ejectors mounted on molds.

A disadvantage of the known device is that it does not provide for the manufacture of products with reinforcing embedded parts.

The objective of the proposed solution is to expand technological capabilities.

This task is achieved in that a method of manufacturing foam products, including closing the mold half-molds, feeding the components to the mold, supplying a coolant for heating and melting the components, supplying refrigerant to cool the components in the mold, opening the mold and removing finished product, before closing the mold half-molds, the embedded part is installed on the mandrel, followed by the filing of the mandrel together with the embedded part in the forming zone, and after the coolant is supplied before the supply of chl dagenta outputted from the mandrel shaping zone.

формы с возможностью установки на свободные концы оправки закладной детали, на полуформах прессфомы в нижней части по вертикали выполнены радиусные углубления, соответствующие диаметру стержня концов оправки, с возможностью взаимдействия с последними, подпружиненные выталкиватели смонтированы с возможностью перемещения в горизонтальной плоскости в виде стержней с одной стороны с наконечниками, с возможностью взаимодействия с готовым изделием, а с другой стороны - с ограничителями, взаимодействующими с фиксаторами, жестко установленными на горизонтальном основании и подпружинены относительно фиксаторов посредством пружин сжатия, установленных на стержнях выталкивателей между фиксаторами и ограничительными шайбами, жестко закрепленными на стержнях выталкивателей, с возможностью взаимодействия ограничительных шайб с полуформами пресс-формы, причем расстояние между наконечниками выталкивателей в замкнутом положении полуформ пресс-формы не меньше ширины готового изделия.A device for implementing the proposed method, comprising a horizontal base with mold half-molds mounted on it, forming together cavities for forming a product with the possibility of relative movement, a locking mechanism for mold half-molds with a drive and spring-loaded ejectors mounted on half-molds, half-molds are made movable in horizontal planes and are mounted on a horizontal base in guides with the possibility of oncoming reciprocating movement, e.g. vlyayuschim relative to the horizontal base, is further provided with a fixing mechanism for feeding a forming zone comprising a tip mounted on the mandrel rod

forms with the possibility of installation on the free ends of the mandrel of the embedded part, on the mold half-molds in the lower part vertically made radial recesses corresponding to the diameter of the rod of the ends of the mandrel, with the possibility of interaction with the latter, spring-loaded ejectors are mounted with the possibility of movement in the horizontal plane in the form of rods on one side with tips, with the ability to interact with the finished product, and on the other hand, with stops that interact with the clamps, is rigidly installed on a horizontal base and spring relative to the clamps by means of compression springs mounted on the pusher rods between the clamps and restrictive washers rigidly fixed on the pusher rods, with the possibility of interaction of the restrictive washers with the mold half-molds, and the distance between the tips of the ejectors in the closed position of the mold half shape not less than the width of the finished product.

Compared with the known, the proposed method of manufacturing foam products and a device for its implementation allow the manufacture of products with reinforcing embedded parts (for example, stucco graters according to patent RU 2556546 of the same author).

In FIG. 1 shows a device, a General view, the half-form open; in FIG. 2 is a fragment of the device of FIG. 1, half-forms are closed; in FIG. 3 is view A in FIG. one; in FIG. 4 - element I in FIG. 3; in FIG. 5 - section aa in figure 1; in FIG. 6 - section B - B in FIG. 2.

формы с возможностью установки на свободные концы последней закладной детали 25. Подпружиненные выталкиватели 33 и 34 смонтированы на полуформах 2 и 3 с возможностью перемещения в горизонтальной плоскости в виде стержней с одной стороны с наконечниками 35 и 36, с возможностью взаимодействия с готовым изделием 4, а с другой стороны с ограничителями 37 и 38, взаимодействующими с фиксаторами 39 и 40, жестко установленными на горизонтиальном основании 1 и подпружиненными относительно фиксаторов 39 и 40 посредством пружин 41 и 42 сжатия, установленных на стержнях выталкивателей 33 и 34 между фиксаторами 39 и 40 и ограничительными шайбами 43 и 44, жестко закрепленными на стержнях выталкивателей 33 и 34, с возможностью взаимодействия ограничительных шайб 43 и 44 с полуформами 2 и 3 пресс-формы. Причем расстояние между наконечниками 35 и 36 выталкивателей 33 и 34 в замкнутом положении полуформ 2 и 3 пресс-формы не меньше ширины готового изделия 4. На полуформах 2 и 3 пресс-формы в нижней части по вертикали выполнены радиусные углубления 45 и 46, соответствующие диаметру стержня концов оправки 32 для беспрепятственного замыкания полуформ 2 и 3 при подаче закладной детали 25 на оправке 32 в зону формообразования и для возможной ориентации оправки 32 в горизонтальной плоскости при вертикальном перемещении вверх штока 28 цилиндра 26.A method of manufacturing foam products and a device for its implementation comprises a horizontal base 1 with mold half-molds 2 and 3 mounted on it, forming together cavities for forming the product 4 with the possibility of relative movement. In the half-molds 2 and 3, openings 5 are made for loading the components, protrusion openings 6, channels 7 for passing first the coolant, for heating and melting the components, and then through the same channels of the refrigerant, for cooling. The locking mechanism of the mold half-molds 2 and 3 with the drive includes a storage tank 8, a supply pump 9, a distributor 10, a cylinder 11 with pistons 12 and 13 and rods 14 and 15, pivotally connected to one end of the telescopic rotary two-arm levers 16 and 17, made with the possibility of rotation by means of hinges 18 and 19. The second ends of the two-arm levers 16 and 17 are pivotally connected to the rods 20 and 21, which, in turn, are mounted on the half-molds 2 and 3. The working fluid circulates through pipelines 22 and 23. The half-molds 2 and 3 are movable in horizontally th plane and mounted on a horizontal base 1 in the guides 24 with the possibility of oncoming reciprocating movement along the latter relative to the horizontal base 1. The device is additionally equipped with a feed mechanism for the embedded part 25, made, for example, of polyamide, which significantly exceeds the foam in strength characteristics forming zone, including a cylinder 26 with a piston 27 and a rod 28 connected by means of a distributor 29 and pipelines 30 and 31 with a feed pump 9 and accumulate nym tank 8. At the tip of the rod 28, the mandrel 32 is fixed

molds with the possibility of installation on the free ends of the last embedded part 25. The spring-loaded ejectors 33 and 34 are mounted on half-molds 2 and 3 with the possibility of moving in the horizontal plane in the form of rods on one side with tips 35 and 36, with the possibility of interaction with the finished product 4, and on the other hand, with stops 37 and 38 interacting with the latches 39 and 40 rigidly mounted on the horizontal base 1 and spring-loaded relative to the latches 39 and 40 by means of compression springs 41 and 42 mounted on the st the pins of the ejectors 33 and 34 between the latches 39 and 40 and the restrictive washers 43 and 44, rigidly fixed to the rods of the ejectors 33 and 34, with the possibility of interaction of the restrictive washers 43 and 44 with the mold half-molds 2 and 3. Moreover, the distance between the tips 35 and 36 of the ejectors 33 and 34 in the closed position of the mold half-molds 2 and 3 is not less than the width of the finished product 4. On the half-molds 2 and 3 of the mold in the lower part, there are vertically made radial recesses 45 and 46 corresponding to the diameter the shaft of the ends of the mandrel 32 for unobstructed closure of the half-molds 2 and 3 when feeding the embedded part 25 on the mandrel 32 into the forming zone and for the possible orientation of the mandrel 32 in the horizontal plane with a vertical upward movement of the rod 28 of the cylinder 26.

A device for implementing a method of manufacturing foam products works as follows.

оправки 32 свободно устанавливается закладная деталь 25. Распределитель 29 переводится в положение, при котором давление по трубопроводу 30 подается в бесштоковую полость цилиндра 26, поршень 27 перемещает шток 28 вместе с оправкой 32 и закладной деталью 25 в зону формовки. Распределитель 10 переводится в положение, при котором давление по трубопроводу 22 подается в бесштоковую полость цилиндра 11, поршни 12 и 13 перемещают штоки 14 и 15, которые в свою очередь передают усилие на телескопические поворотные двуплечие рычаги 16 и 17 и тяги 20 и 21, которые, перемещаясь, замыкают полуформы 2 и 3 пресс-формы. Через отверстие 5 в полость пресс-формы загружаются компоненты. По каналам 7 подается теплоноситель для нагревания и расплавления компонентов. После заданного технологическим процессом времени реакции распределитель 29 переводится в положение, при котором давление по трубопроводу 31 подается в штоковую полость цилиндра 26, поршень 27 перемещает шток 28 вместе с оправкой 32 без закладной детали 25 из зоны формовки. Поскольку удельный вес закладной детали из полиамида мало отличается от удельного веса пенопласта, учитывая при этом небольшой вес самой закладной детали 25 и время пребывания в расплавленной массе пенопласта, температуру плавления полиамида выше температуры плавления пенопласта, то закладная деталь 25 находится в расплавленной массе пенопласта во взвешенном положении, как было предусмотрено установкой в начале процесса. В дальнейшем по заданному технологическим процессом времени реакции через каналы 7 пропускают хладагент для остывания пресс-формы и готового изделия 4. Распределитель 10 переводится в положение, при котором давление по трубопроводу 23 подается в штоковые полости цилиндра 11, поршни 12 и 13 перемещают штоки 14 и 15, которые в свою очередь передают усилие на телескопические поворотные двуплечие рычаги 16 и 17 и тяги 20 и 21, которые, перемещаясь, размыкают полуформы 2 и 3 пресс-формы. Полуформы 2 и 3, отрываясь своими поверхностями от готового изделия 4, перемещаются в горизонтальном направлении относительно выталкивателей 33 и 34, между которыми осталось зажатым готовое изделие 4, опирающееся снизу на концы оправки 32. При дальнейшем движении полуформы 2 и 3 упираются в ограничительные шайбы 43 и 44, сжимают пружины 41 и 42 сжатия и перемещают выталкиватели 33 и 34 по ходу своего дальнейшего движения до остановки. Выталкиватели 33 и 34 освобождают готовое изделие 4, которое извлекается из зоны формовки. Оборудование очищается от остатков компонентов, и процесс повторяется. При замыкании полуформ 2 и 3 пружины 41 и 42 сжатия возвращают выталкиватели 33 и 34 в исходное положение.In the initial position, before starting the molding operation of the product 4, the half-molds 2 and 3 are located in the open position at the maximum distance from each other, the rod cavities of the cylinder 11 are under pressure, the rod cavity of the cylinder 26 is also under pressure. To loose ends

the mandrel 32, the embedded part 25 is freely installed. The distributor 29 is transferred to the position where the pressure through the pipe 30 is supplied to the rodless cavity of the cylinder 26, the piston 27 moves the rod 28 together with the mandrel 32 and the embedded part 25 into the molding zone. The distributor 10 is moved to a position in which pressure is supplied through the pipe 22 to the rodless cavity of the cylinder 11, the pistons 12 and 13 move the rods 14 and 15, which in turn transfer the force to the telescopic rotary two-arm levers 16 and 17 and the rods 20 and 21, which moving, close the mold half 2 and 3. Through hole 5, components are loaded into the mold cavity. A coolant is supplied through channels 7 for heating and melting the components. After the reaction time set by the technological process, the distributor 29 is transferred to the position where the pressure through the pipe 31 is supplied to the rod cavity of the cylinder 26, the piston 27 moves the rod 28 together with the mandrel 32 without the embedded part 25 from the molding zone. Since the specific gravity of the embedded part made of polyamide differs little from the specific gravity of the foam, taking into account the small weight of the embedded part 25 and the residence time in the molten foam mass, the melting temperature of the polyamide is higher than the melting temperature of the foam, the embedded part 25 is in the suspended foam molten mass position, as provided by the installation at the beginning of the process. Subsequently, according to the reaction time set by the technological process, refrigerant is passed through channels 7 for cooling the mold and the finished product 4. The distributor 10 is set to the position at which pressure is supplied through the pipe 23 to the rod cavities of the cylinder 11, the pistons 12 and 13 move the rods 14 and 15, which in turn transfer force to the telescopic rotary two-arm levers 16 and 17 and rods 20 and 21, which, moving, open the mold half-molds 2 and 3. Half molds 2 and 3, tearing off their surfaces from the finished product 4, move horizontally relative to the ejectors 33 and 34, between which the finished product 4 remains clamped, resting on the ends of the mandrel 32 from the bottom. With further movement of the mold 2 and 3 abut against the restrictive washers 43 and 44, compress the compression springs 41 and 42 and move the ejectors 33 and 34 along their further movement to a stop. The ejectors 33 and 34 release the finished product 4, which is removed from the molding zone. The equipment is cleaned of residual components, and the process is repeated. When the half-molds 2 and 3 are closed, the compression springs 41 and 42 return the ejectors 33 and 34 to their original position.

The rotary two-arm levers 16 and 17 are made telescopic to ensure the geometry of unhindered rectilinear movement of the rods 14 and 15 and the rods 20 and 21 when the rotary two-arm levers 16 and 17 are rotated relative to the hinges 18 and 19.

Thus, the proposed method of manufacturing foam products and a device for its implementation provide the molding of foam products, such as plaster graters, with mounted reinforcing embedded parts, thereby expanding technological capabilities.

Claims (1)

A device for the manufacture of foam parts, containing a horizontal base with mold half-molds mounted on it, forming together cavities for forming the product with the possibility of relative movement, a locking mechanism for mold half-molds with a drive and spring-loaded ejectors mounted on half-molds, characterized in that the half-molds are movable in the horizontal plane and mounted on a horizontal base in guides with the possibility of oncoming reciprocating moving along the guides with respect to the horizontal base, is additionally equipped with a mechanism for feeding the embedded part into the shaping zone, including a mandrel mounted on the stem tip, made in shape, as shown in FIG. 3, with the possibility of installation on the free ends of the mandrel of the embedded part, on the mold half-molds in the lower part vertically made radius recesses corresponding to the diameter of the rod of the ends of the mandrel with the possibility of interaction with the latter, spring-loaded ejectors are mounted with the possibility of movement in the horizontal plane in the form of rods on the one hand with tips, with the possibility of interacting with the finished product, and on the other hand with stops, interacting with the clamps, rigidly installed and on a horizontal base and spring-loaded relative to the latches by means of compression springs mounted on the pusher rods between the latches and restrictive washers rigidly fixed on the pusher rods, with the possibility of interaction of the limit washers with the mold half-molds, the distance between the tips of the ejectors in the closed position of the mold half shape not less than the width of the finished product.

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