RU2608348C1 - Amalgam fluorescent lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in gas-discharge light sources production, in particular, fluorescent lamps with discharge in low-pressure mercury vapors, in which mercury is in bound hybrid condition due to connection to some metal. Amalgamate fluorescent lamp with tubular bulb with luminiferous coating applied on its inner surface and with electrodes, installed on bulb opposite ends with help of arms, in each of which there are two current inputs, which inner ends are connected to electrode, and external are with base contact pins, in one of arms there is third isolated input located between current inputs, which is bent from electrode towards base and on which main amalgam forming rectangular plate with thickness of 0.1–0.15 mm from nickel or nickel grid is fixed, which surface is coated with thin layer of amalgamating material. On same arm one of current inputs additional amalgam forming rectangular plate with thickness 0.1–0.15 mm from nickel or nickel grid with smaller area is fixed, which surface is coated with thin layer of amalgamating metal. Main and additional amalgam forming plates areas are in ratio of 3:1. Main amalgam forming plate is located at distance of 12–14 mm from electrode. Additional amalgam forming plate is located at distance of 12–14 mm from electrode. Same arm has exhaust tube, in which freely displaced inside exhaust tube mercury dispenser is arranged, which is two-component amalgam with weight of 20 mg with metal and mercury ratio of 50:50 wt%. Lamp can be made with two additional amalgam forming plates, arranged on lamp opposite electrodes current inputs.

EFFECT: technical result is simplification of lamp design, providing reliable lamp ignition and shorter time of lamp buildup until light flux optimal value.

3 cl, 1 tbl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in the manufacture of gas-discharge light sources, in particular fluorescent lamps with a discharge in low-pressure mercury vapor, in which the mercury is in a bound solid-liquid state due to the connection with any metal.

Depending on the functional purpose, dosing, starting and working amalgams are distinguished. Dosing amalgams decompose in a lamp with the release of mercury in an amount proportional to the weight of the amalgam. Starting amalgams when the lamp is started up quickly heat up and provide the necessary amount of mercury vapor for the discharge in the lamp. Working amalgams determine the vapor pressure of mercury in the lamp operating mode. Two methods of introducing and fixing the amalgam in lamps are known: introducing the finished amalgam through the plug during pumping, fixing it in the plug and introducing the amalgam-forming metal (alloy) into the lamp part when assembling it, with the formation of amalgam in the finished lamp after administering a dose of mercury during pumping .

Known low-pressure fluorescent lamp (Copyright certificate SU No. 415754; IPC H01J 61/72, H01J 61/20; 11/15/1974), consisting of a tube-bulb with a phosphor coating applied to its inner surface and two mounted legs soldered into it with a working amalgam, which simultaneously performs the main and starting function. The amalgam is formed by means of a metering amalgam introduced into the lamp through a plug used to pump it out and fixed in a trap screen located in the working volume of the lamp at the plug output near the cathode. The trap screen is made in the form of a bowl equipped with the sides of the bowl bent inward to prevent the amalgam from rolling or draining from the screen, the outlet of which is facing the ram.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low-tech manufacturing process of the lamp, due to the complex design of the lamp.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is an amalgam fluorescent lamp (Copyright certificate SU No. 877652; IPC H01J 61/20; 10/30/1981) containing a tubular flask with a phosphor and electrodes mounted on its opposite ends with blown legs, in one of which is the main amalgam and additional amalgam (additional amalgam-forming lamp element). The main amalgam has a porous structure. In order to increase its working surface, from which mercury evaporates, the pores in the amalgam are through and have a cylindrical shape. Due to the increase in the working surface, the pressure of saturated mercury vapor reaches the optimal value in a shorter period of time, thereby reducing the lamp's burn-up time, i.e. time to reach maximum light output. An additional amalgam-forming element (or, as indicated in the description of the prototype, an additional amalgam) is made in the form of a thin indium strip located between current inputs on the end of the glass legs.

A significant drawback of the design of the lamp is the need to load into the lamp plug, in addition to the main amalgam, additional elements restricting the movement of the amalgam to the electrode. The complexity of the design and manufacturing process of the main amalgam with through pores of a cylindrical shape, as well as the complexity of the process of applying an indium strip to the end of the glass legs between the current inputs negatively affect the overall manufacturing process of the lamp. In addition, the process of applying an indium strip to the end part of the leg glass should occur at high temperatures, which with high probability can lead to the formation of cracks in the lamp leg and its failure. In this case, the indium strip is placed on its side with a larger surface very close to the electrode, so during the lamp operation it will be gradually covered by materials sprayed by the electrode. This will lead to a loss of operability of the indium strip as an additional amalgam-forming element and, as a result, to a deterioration in the ignition of the lamp and to an increase in the time of its ignition.

The technical result achieved by the claimed technical solution is to simplify the design of the lamp, to ensure reliable ignition of the lamp and to reduce the time of lamp burning up to the optimal value of the light flux.

The technical result is achieved in that in an amalgam fluorescent lamp with a tubular bulb with a phosphor coating deposited on its inner surface and with electrodes mounted on opposite ends of the bulb with legs, each of which has two current inputs, the inner ends of which are connected to the electrode, and external - with contact pins of the base, while in one of the legs there is a third insulated input located between the current inputs, which is bent from the electrode towards the base and on which the main amalgam-forming rectangular plate 0.1-0.15 mm thick of nickel or nickel mesh is fastened, the surface of which is covered with a thin layer of amalgamating material, while the distance from the main amalgam-forming plate to the electrode is 12-14 mm, while at one of the current inputs an additional amalgam-forming rectangular plate 0.1-0.15 mm thick of nickel or a nickel mesh of a smaller area, the surface of which is covered with a thin layer of amalgam, is fixed to the same leg at a distance of 4-5 mm from the electrode metal, while the areas of the main and additional amalgam-forming plates are in a ratio of 3: 1, and the masses of the amalgamating metal covering these plates are in a ratio of 10: 2, while in the same leg there is a caliper, which is freely movable inside the caliper a mercury dispenser, which is a two-component ball-shaped amalgam weighing 20 mg with a ratio of metal to mercury of 50:50 weight percent.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In FIG. 1 shows an amalgam fluorescent lamp with one additional amalgam-forming plate, where 1 is a tubular bulb, 2 is a base, 3 is a lamp leg, 4 is an electrode, 5 are a socle pin, 6 is a plug, 7 is a phosphor coating, 8 is an insulated input, 9 - current input, 10 - main amalgam-forming plate, 11 - additional amalgam-forming plate, 12 - mercury dispenser.

In FIG. 2 shows an amalgam fluorescent lamp with two additional amalgam-forming plates 11 located on the current inputs of 9 opposite lamp electrodes.

An amalgam fluorescent lamp as shown in FIG. 1, contains a tubular flask 1, coated with a phosphor coating 7 on its inner surface, electrodes 4 mounted on opposite ends of the bulb with legs 3, each of which has two current inputs 9, the inner ends of which are connected to the electrode 4, and the outer ends with contact pins 5 of the base 2. In this case, one of the legs has a third insulated input 8, which is located between the current inputs and bent from the electrode towards the base, i.e. to an area with a lower temperature compared to other areas of the working lamp. In the same leg there is a ram 6, which houses a mercury dispenser 12, which is a two-component amalgam (for example, zinc-mercury, lead-mercury, tin-mercury) in the form of a ball that can freely move inside the ram. An insulated inlet 8 is fixed with a basic amalgam-forming plate 10 of a rectangular shape 0.1-0.15 mm thick of nickel or nickel mesh, the surface of which is coated with a thin layer of amalgamating material (for example, indium or an alloy of indium with other metals). In the manufacturing process of the lamp on this plate, the main (working) amalgam is formed. An additional amalgam-forming plate 11 0.1-0.15 mm thick of nickel or a rectangular nickel mesh with a smaller area than the main amalgam-forming plate is fixed on one of the current inputs 9. The surface of the additional amalgam-forming plate is also covered with a thin layer of amalgamating metal (for example, indium or an alloy of indium with other metals). In the manufacturing process of the lamp, an additional (starting) amalgam is formed on this plate. The main amalgam-forming plate 10 is located at a distance of 12-14 mm from the electrode. An additional amalgam-forming plate is located at a distance of 4-5 mm from the electrode. The plate areas are in a 3: 1 ratio, and the mass of the amalgamating metal covering these plates is in a 10: 2 ratio.

In order to provide a more reliable ignition of the lamp and a more substantial reduction in the time the lamp burns up to the optimum luminous flux, the lamp can be made as shown in FIG. 2, with two additional amalgam-forming plates 11 located on the current inputs 9 of the opposite electrodes of the lamp.

The process of formation of amalgam on the main and additional / additional amalgam-forming plates occurs as follows. After the thermal vacuum treatment of the lamp, before it falls off, a mercury dispenser in the form of an amalgam ball is introduced into the plug. After the lamp falls off from the pumping unit, it undergoes a basement process, and the base must be heated to 220-250 ° C. The picking occurs in the vertical position of the bulb, while the leg with the plug is located below and the mercury dispenser moves to the place where the plug is removed, where the temperature at the time of pickling is at least 220 ° C. Under the influence of this temperature, mercury is released from the dispenser, and it enters the internal volume of the lamp bulb. After training and holding the lamp for 3 hours, all mercury is absorbed by the amalgamating metal of the main and additional / additional amalgam-forming plates in a quantitative ratio corresponding to the surface areas of the plates. At the same time, about 10 mg of mercury enters the internal volume of the lamp and, taking into account the ratios of the areas of the main and additional amalgam-forming plates, as well as the masses of the amalgamating metal covering them, 80% of the mercury is absorbed by the main amalgam-forming plate, and the remaining amount of mercury is absorbed by the additional amalgam-forming plate. In this case, due to mercury absorbed by the additional / additional amalgam-forming plate, and also due to the location of this plate near the electrode, the required amount of mercury vapor contained in the internal volume of the lamp is provided for reliable ignition of the lamp. Due to the amalgam formed on the main amalgam-forming plate, a sufficient amount of mercury vapor contained in the internal volume of the lamp is provided to quickly ignite the lamp to the optimum luminous flux and maintain the lamp operating mode. At the same time, the location of the main amalgam-forming plate in the zone 12-14 mm away from the electrode allows it to be heated to a temperature of 40-45 ° C and to maintain the optimum amount of mercury vapor in the internal volume of the lamp in the range of ambient temperature from 20 ° C up to 65 ° C.

The lamp ignites after exposure without difficulty, while the lamp burns out to 60% of the maximum luminous flux within 40 s for a lamp with one additional amalgam-forming plate and 30 s for a lamp with two additional amalgam-forming plates (at an ambient temperature of 25 ° FROM). Table 1 shows the values of the burn-up time of LB 15 lamps with one additional amalgam-forming plate and two additional amalgam-forming plates, which were obtained during the tests of the lamps in a certified photometric ball with a diameter of 1 m with a heated device.

Simplification of the lamp design is achieved through the use of structural elements widely used in the lighting industry and their manufacturing technologies. At the same time, through the use of technologies developed in the industry, the complexity of lamp manufacturing is significantly reduced.

Claims (3)

1. An amalgam fluorescent lamp containing a tubular flask with a phosphor and electrodes mounted on its opposite ends with legs, each of which has two current inputs, the inner ends of which are connected to the electrode, and the outer ends with contact pins of the base, while one of the legs has a ram and it contains the main and additional amalgam-forming plates, characterized in that the main amalgam-forming plate is made of nickel in the form of a rectangular plate 0.1-0.15 mm thick, p covered with amalgamating metal, while the additional amalgam forming plate of a smaller area is also made of nickel in the form of a rectangular plate 0.1-0.15 mm thick and coated with amalgamating metal, while the areas of the main and additional amalgam forming plates are in a 3: 1 ratio, while the main amalgam forming plate is mounted on an insulated input that is bent from the electrode toward the base, while the main amalgam forming plate is located at a distance of 12-14 mm from the electrode; wherein the additional amalgam-forming plate is fixed to one of the current inputs, while the additional amalgam-forming plate is located at a distance of 4-5 mm from the electrode; at the same time, a mercury dispenser freely moving inside the plug is placed in the plug, which is a two-component amalgam weighing 20 mg with a ratio of metal to mercury of 50:50 weight percent. 2. The amalgam fluorescent lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the main and additional amalgam-forming plates are made of a nickel mesh. 3. Amalgam fluorescent lamp according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that it is made with two additional amalgam-forming plates located on the current inputs of the opposite electrodes of the lamp.

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