RU2608069C2 - Masking material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: safety devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to masking and protective materials and can be used for concealing of military and civil objects in thermal and radar wavelength ranges, as well as for sewing masking and protective clothes, covers, production of screens, application as a coating on devices housings, etc. which protect and/or conceal at least in radar and/or thermal wavelength ranges. Masking material, containing one or more electromagnetic radiation reducing reflection in the radar wavelength range of substances, having at least one layer, at that one or more reducing reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar wavelength range of substances is structurally made in the form of small-size particles, combined into the larger sets (accumulations), at that said sets have as substance absorbing magnetic component of radar radiation, and substance absorbing electrical component of radar radiation, either in the form of fragments, on which coarse aggregates (monolithic areas of the material) are performed, and value characterizing the capacity to reflect electromagnetic radiation in the radar wavelength range, primarily, increases from one surface of the material to the opposite surface of the material, including, but not exclusively, with full or partial distribution reducing reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar wavelength range of substance on the thickness (volume) of the material; at that, including, but not exclusively, the material can also contain one or more reducing radiation material in thermal wavelength range of substances, and/or substances, coloring in the optical wavelength range, and/or substances, having other masking and/or protective properties, including, but not exclusively, being simultaneously reducing reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar wavelength range of substances.

EFFECT: technic result of the device is in increase of efficiency of flat, including applied in the form as a coating, close to flat or three-dimensional, including having raised outer surface, masking and protective materials.

2 cl, 10 dwg, 3 ex

Description

Known radar absorbing coating (patent No. 2243899, publ. 10.01.2005) in the form of a layer based on a fabric of several fabrics of textile material made of synthetic fibers coated with carbon, placed between the outer layer of rubber and the inner layer of a dielectric binder containing granular material that attenuates the reflection of electromagnetic waves.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the lack of efficiency, caused by a fairly uniform distribution of the granular material without combining in aggregate, and therefore only the absorption of radar radiation on the granular material is used without the use of scattering or interference.

A protective coating is known (patent No. 2313869, published on December 27, 2007), according to the first embodiment, comprising a flexible film placed on a mesh basis in the form of a tape with a one-sided surface impedance layer located on the side of the incident electromagnetic wave, and containing in the second embodiment a flexible film connected to the base with a surface impedance layer directed toward electromagnetic radiation, while having a relief surface formed by uniformly alternating reliefs made in in the form of protrusions or depressions.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the lack of efficiency, since the implementation of a continuous impedance layer without the formation of inhomogeneities of reflective properties does not allow the efficient use of electromagnetic radiation scattering processes.

A known absorber of electromagnetic waves (patent No. 2322736, publ. 04/20/2008) in the form of plain weave of two pairs of flexible cylindrical elements placed on a mesh basis.

The disadvantages are the complexity of the design, the high dependence of efficiency on the conditions of use, due to the need to maintain the given orientation of the flexible cylindrical elements, which is disturbed when the absorber is crushed.

Known radar absorbing material (patent No. 2355081, publ. May 10, 2009) based on a polymer dielectric binder containing substances introduced into it that absorb the electric and magnetic components of radio wave radiation, consisting of microgranules whose matrices are transparent to radiation of the radio wave range, moreover Each type of microgranules contains only one radio-absorbing substance, uniformly distributed throughout their volume in the form of nanoclusters.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the lack of efficiency caused by the constructive separation of the microbeads into absorbing the electrical component of electromagnetic radiation and absorbing the magnetic component of electromagnetic radiation, as a result of which there is no mutual enhancement of the radio-absorbing properties of the microbeads both in electrical and magnetic components of electromagnetic radiation due to the simultaneous absorption and magnetic , and the electrical component within the same microspheres.

Known radar absorbing coating (patent No. 2412968, publ. 02.27.2011) based on a composition containing as a binder, chlorinated sulfonated polyethylene, HSPE-MR, capable of absorbing large amounts of electromagnetic energy, dissolved in toluene, while carbon fibers are further dispersed in the solution, equal to 3-20 mm, with an insulating coating applied to them, vulcanizing agents, a component with a large volume of air inclusions - microsteklospheres, while the composition includes chlorinated sulfonated polyethylene KhSPE-MR, toluene, hydroxy Magnesium (MgO), zinc oxide (ZnO), polyethylene glycol PEC-35 or polyethylene glycol monoalkilfenolny OP-7 or OP-10, diphenylguanidine, mikrosteklosfery MSO-A9, carbon MCI-300 used in the composition for the 1st layer coating; carbon fiber "Uglen" R-9 used in the composition for the 2nd coating layer; steorox-6.

The disadvantage of the coating is the design complexity caused by the structural separation of radio-scattering and radio-absorbing elements.

Known radar absorbing coating (patent No. 2370866, published on October 20, 2009), adopted as a prototype, containing a base of two or more layers of interwoven rows of threads located at an adjacent angle of 60 ° -120 ° to each other, fastened with a translucent material, with applied to each layer by vacuum spraying a film of hydrogenated carbon with particles of ferromagnetic material embedded in it.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the anisotropy of properties caused by the anisotropy of the properties of the fabric, which is transmitted by a continuous layer applied to the fabric. The performance of the coating in the form of two layers with a shift of the rows of threads at an angle of 60 ° -120 ° does not sufficiently reduce the anisotropy of the properties of the coating. In addition, the coating proposed in the prototype cannot be dyed by most dyes, since the substances located on the outer surface of the prototype are difficult to dye. The use of a continuous radar absorbing layer does not imply an enhancement of radar scattering properties due to re-reflection of the incident radar radiation away from the radiation source, which causes insufficient efficiency of the coating proposed in the prototype.

The invention relates to camouflage, radio engineering and protective materials, and can be used to hide military and civilian objects in the thermal and radar wavelength ranges, as well as for sewing camouflage and protective clothing, covers, manufacturing screens, applying in the form of a coating on the covers of devices and t .p. protecting and / or concealing at least in the radar and / or thermal wavelength ranges.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of concealment and / or protection in the radar and / or thermal range of wavelengths, as well as to reduce the anisotropy of the covering properties in the radar range of wavelengths without complicating the design and increasing the thickness of the material and giving better textile versions of the proposed material compared to the prototype. .

This goal is achieved by the fact that the camouflage material contains one or more substances that reduce the reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar range of wavelengths, while the substances are structurally made in the form of small particles combined into larger aggregates (clusters), while such aggregates include a substance that absorbs the magnetic component of radar radiation, and a substance that absorbs the electrical component of radar radiation, or in the form of malor dimensional fragments, which are divided on large aggregate (monolithic region of the material); and / or the material contains one or more substances that reduce the radiation of the material in the thermal range of wavelengths, while at least one of the substances of the material located between the particles and / or sets of substances or substances that reduce the radiation of the material in the thermal range of wavelengths , has high transparency, in at least one, predominantly thermal range of wavelengths, while the material may contain as one or more reducing reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar range of wavelengths in one or more substances that reduce the radiation of a material in the thermal wavelength range of substances at the same time, including one or more substances that reduce the reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar range of wavelengths of a substance and which reduce radiation of a material in the thermal wavelength range of a substance can be one and the same the same substance.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of flat, including those applied in the form of coatings, close to flat or bulk, including having a relief external surface, camouflage and protective materials.

The multichannel means of reconnaissance suggests the need to hide military installations in several wavelength ranges at the same time. On the other hand, given the complexity of reconnaissance, increasing the effectiveness of concealment, even in a single wavelength range, reduces the likelihood of detection by the complex of intelligence in general. Thus, it is relevant both to increase the effectiveness of camouflage materials in individual wavelength ranges, and to create camouflage materials that have masking properties in several wavelength ranges at the same time. Depending on the specific nuances of execution, determined individually by each particular case of the implementation of the invention, the proposed camouflage material improves the efficiency of concealment in the thermal or radar range of wavelengths, or comprehensively in the thermal and radar range of wavelengths, including without loss of covering properties in the optical (visible, ultraviolet, near IR) wavelength range.

Currently, in a separate camouflage material, mainly one principle is used to reduce the reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar wavelength range (hereinafter referred to as radar radiation). The same applies to protective materials, in which there is a decrease in radar radiation passing through the material (since the principles for obtaining a useful effect in the proposed material for masking and protection are basically identical, the principle of obtaining a masking effect is described below). Through various technical solutions, a process is amplified (characterized by a decrease in radar power, amplitude, etc.), due to which a useful effect is achieved. Sometimes several technical solutions are combined in one material, but in this case, various elements of the material are used to enhance various processes. At the same time, the problems of increasing the efficiency and expanding the operating range (i.e., the range in which the intended use of the material is effective) continue to be relevant, since the technical solution is often designed for radar radiation with specific parameters (for example, radiation of a given wavelength). In the proposed material, to reduce the reflection of radar radiation, at least two different processes are used (for example, absorption and scattering of radar radiation) and / or at least two processes are designed for radar radiation with different parameters (for example, radiation in two different frequency ranges).

Moreover, to use different processes, not only the same elements of the material are used (representing small-sized elements combined into larger aggregates, or small-sized fragments into which larger aggregates are divided), but also include substances that absorb the magnetic component radar radiation, as well as substances that absorb the electrical component of radar radiation (primarily for aggregates representing clusters of small-sized elements in as individual particles).

Thus, the technical result of the invention is achieved by combining several technical solutions that together make it possible to achieve an effect not reducible to the sum of the results of applying each technical solution individually.

Radar absorption processes can be based, for example, on the well-known phenomenon of electromagnetic radiation absorption in the radar range on ultrafine films or ultrafine particles of certain substances (for example, ferrimagnets), the properties of individual substances (for example, carbon), etc.

Reflection of radar radiation from materials that are not completely absorbing or absolutely transparent occurs inevitably. Moreover, an increase in the ability to absorb radar radiation often means a simultaneous increase in reflectivity due to a decrease in transmittance. Reflection can be used, for example, for more complete absorption, or, for example, for scattering of radar radiation.

A more complete absorption can be achieved by absorbing radar radiation in the reverse wave path by increasing the reflectivity of the material with an increase in the penetration depth of radar radiation into the material. In this case, the absorption of radar radiation occurs both when penetrating radar radiation into the material, and during the reverse wave path, since the reflected radar radiation passes through the energy-absorbing material. The increase in reflectivity from the outer surface of the material to the inner surface of the material allows radar radiation to propagate (for example, with simultaneous absorption) through the thickness of the material. A similar principle can be used, for example, to enhance the interference of radar radiation in the bulk of the material.

The scattering of electromagnetic radiation is due to the unevenness of the reflective properties of the medium through which it passes. To increase dispersion in the proposed material, for example, radar-absorbing particles (for example, nanoparticles of ferrimagnets) can be structurally combined in the form of certain aggregates, while in addition to the aggregates of radar-absorbing particles, there will be a material space with other reflective properties. In this case, when electromagnetic radiation passes through the material, the radiation is not only absorbed by the corresponding elements, but also scattered due to the heterogeneity of the reflective properties of the material.

The grouping of small-sized elements in the aggregate of the corresponding shape and size allows using not only scattering, but also any other principles for reducing reflected radar radiation (for example, by fabricating various contours, gratings, etc. from small-sized elements). The combination of technical solutions that implement the relevant principles of reducing the reflection of radar radiation due to the design of sets of small-sized elements with a decrease in the reflection of radar radiation on small-sized elements (for example, implementing a different principle of reducing the reflection of radar radiation) allows not only to increase the efficiency of the material, but also to expand the operating range. The particular particular implementation of this general approach will be determined by the entirety of the material requirements. For example, the distribution of particles within the aggregates, as well as the location of the aggregates in the material can be determined by a given regularity or randomly, including with a given distribution law.

Small-sized elements can be individual particles (for example, nanoparticles of ferrimagnets), fragments of monolithic components of the material (for example, fragments of metal, carbon, etc. films, including a given shape), etc. A necessary property of such elements is to reduce the reflection of the electromagnetic radiation of the material in the radar wavelength range (for example, due to the radio-absorbing properties of ferrimagnet nanoparticles).

Under the "aggregates" in the framework of the description of the invention can be understood, for example, more or less compact clusters of small particles (sets of small elements: for example, nanoparticles combined in the form of granules, clusters on the surface, etc.), or monolithic regions of the material (flat or bulk aggregates of a substance or substances of a material: for example, nanofilms of a particular substance), including the formation of aggregates from small-sized elements interconnected. Also, “aggregates” refers to any combination of the above aggregates (for example, nanoparticles introduced into the nanofilm).

Such aggregates can be obtained, for example, by dividing monolithic components into small fragments (for example, with the formation of fragments of planes and / or surfaces, separate or interconnected), when applying small particles in the form of compact regions, in the manufacture of aggregates in the form of granules, containing small-sized elements, when filled with a substance containing small-sized elements, cavities inside the material, etc. An advantageous property of the aggregates and / or their fragments is a decrease in the reflection of electromagnetic radiation of the material in the radar wavelength range due to physical principles different from the physical principles on which the decrease in the reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar wavelength range by small-sized elements is based (for example, obtaining a radio-scattering effect for due to the formation of aggregates of ferrimagnet nanoparticles), and / or a decrease in the reflection of electromagnetic radiation from pairs meters, different from the electromagnetic radiation parameters, which reduction of reflection is achieved at the expense of small elements (e.g., expansion of the operating range due to the lattice construction of the fine-mesh coarse gratings).

In this case, the combination of small-sized elements into larger aggregates can be performed with greater or lesser self-similarity (that is, using fractal construction elements) either without self-similarity, as well as with or without separation of small-sized elements. Individual populations can be structurally separated, or not have a pronounced structural separation from each other.

In the general case, a decrease in the reflection of radar radiation can be achieved due to the constructive solution of the material and / or properties of the corresponding substances. In this case, the concrete implementation of the constructive solution of the proposed material involves the use of substances with desired properties. For example, radio-scattering populations should create uneven reflective properties of the material, therefore, they can be made, for example, from small-sized elements containing a substance having high reflectivity in the radar wavelength range and surrounded by a material substance having, for example, high transparency in the radar range of lengths waves. In this case, it is also possible, for example, to implement assemblies of a material having an average reflectivity in the radar range of wavelengths (for example, made of a semiconductor), or radar dispersive aggregates may be surrounded by a substance having medium transparency in the radar range of wavelengths (for example, carbon ) etc. To substances with high transparency (transparent) in a particular wavelength range, substances that transmit at least 20% of radiation can be classified. Substances with a high reflectivity in a particular wavelength range can include substances that reflect at least 20% of the radiation.

The assignment of a substance to substances having certain properties is determined by the proximity of the properties of the substance to the corresponding properties of metals, semiconductors or dielectrics. For example, metals have low transparency and high reflective properties in the radar wavelength range. Dielectrics have low reflective properties and high transparency in the radar wavelength range. Semiconductors have medium properties in the radar wavelength range.

In order to simplify the terminology in the framework of the description of the present invention, “substance” can be understood as a chemical substance consisting of one chemical element, or a combination of chemically different substances, taking into account their interaction (including, but not exclusively, taking into account the chemical formula, structure , structurally determined relative position, etc.), including in the form of alloys, chemical compounds, bimetal coatings, etc. Including, if the necessary effect is determined by the form (including construction, structural formula, etc.), then the substance is understood as the concrete form that determines the necessary effect. Under the “substance” in the composition of the material can also be understood vacuum, air or another gas or a mixture of gases, the interface between two media with different refractive index (for example, when using the effect of total reflection at the interface between two media to reflect radiation), etc. , that is, any region of space limited by the volume of material that has the corresponding properties, regardless of chemical homogeneity, structure, etc., as well as the presence or absence of a substance in the general sense of the word.

Accordingly, by “applying a substance”, “making from a substance” and similar terms, it is meant any imparting to an appropriate part of the material properties determined by the properties of the “substance” whose “application” is intended. This may be a change in structure, chemical composition, etc.

Thus, under the "substance" with these or those properties in the framework of the description of the present invention refers to the part of the space of the material with the corresponding properties, regardless of the nature of the occurrence of these properties.

In the general case, it is preferable that the material contains both substances that affect the magnetic component of radar radiation (for example, absorbing the magnetic component of radar radiation) and substances that affect the electrical component of radar radiation (including the same substances).

By a substance that affects a certain component of radar radiation (electric and / or magnetic), we mean a substance whose properties are caused to a greater extent by the influence on the corresponding component of the electromagnetic wave of radar radiation. For example, ferrimagnets absorb to a greater extent the magnetic component of radar radiation, and carbon - electrical.

The inclusion of substances affecting the magnetic and / or electrical component of radar radiation in the composition of the material depends on the totality of requirements for the specific implementation of the material, applied manufacturing technologies, etc. In this case, various substances can be structurally combined, or, for example, performed separately, but in one material. For example, a textile material may contain individual fibers containing a substance that absorbs the electric component of radar radiation and other fibers containing a substance that absorbs a magnetic component of radar radiation, however, the material as a whole will contain both substances.

To reduce radiation in the thermal wavelength range of the material as a whole, various known effects can be applied. The novelty of the proposed technical solution is that, in contrast to the known technical solutions, in the claimed technical solution, the known effects are used repeatedly due to the characteristics of the distribution of the substance in the proposed material. In the claimed technical solution creating a beneficial effect, the substance is distributed in a transparent medium, which is also part of the proposed material, so that between the two particles creating the beneficial effect of the substance there is a transparent substance. Due to this technical solution, it is possible to reuse the beneficial effect created by the substance creating the beneficial effect, including through the use of substances whose useful properties are based on the effects of thermal radiation, inside, and not only on the external and internal sides of the material. The multiple use of the beneficial effect is achieved by the fact that after a decrease in the power of thermal energy, on one particle (fragment, region) of a substance creating a useful effect, a decrease in the power of thermal energy occurs on another particle (fragment, region) separated from the first transparent medium, etc. d.

For example, let a substance that creates a useful effect (decrease in thermal radiation from the material as a whole) be a substance that converts thermal energy into radiation of a different wavelength (for example, into radiation within the visible wavelength range). Then, after the conversion of part of the thermal energy into radiation within the visible wavelength range on one particle of the substance creating the beneficial effect, the visible radiation obtained from the thermal energy propagates through the transparent medium without significant conversion back to thermal energy. In the absence of a transparent medium, the radiation would be converted back within the visible wavelength range to thermal energy, but the transparent medium of the proposed material avoids this. The rest of the thermal energy is converted into radiation within the visible wavelength range on another particle of the substance creating a beneficial effect. If after these two particles there are other particles (which is determined by the set of requirements for manufacturability, efficiency, cost, mass and size characteristics, etc., the characteristics of the material and is determined separately in each implementation case), further conversion of thermal energy occurs. Thus, after the multiple conversion of thermal energy into radiation of a different wavelength, the thermal radiation from the material as a whole decreases many times.

Similarly, other substances that create a useful effect can be used (for example, substances with a high coefficient of reflection, using the Kirchhoff law or rereflection of thermal radiation, if there is a substance transparent between them in the thermal wavelength range, can be used repeatedly in the bulk of the material, and not only from the outside of the material).

Particles creating a beneficial effect (reducing radiation of a material in the thermal wavelength range) of a substance can be combined together. For example, it can be aggregates separated by a transparent substance, aggregates containing a transparent substance inside themselves, etc. As particular constructive solutions, these can be, for example, layers separated by layers of a transparent substance, fragments of layers randomly distributed in a transparent substance, voids filled with a transparent substance inside a substance creating a beneficial effect, etc.

Since substances and constructive solutions and / or substances of a material can have double, triple or more purposes, the material can have hiding properties in several wavelength ranges at the same time. Accordingly, the material may have obscuring properties, for example, both in the thermal range of wavelengths and in the radar and optical ranges of wavelengths.

When considering given as examples of special cases of the implementation of the claimed invention, it must be borne in mind that a number of indicators, design solutions, etc. are determined by the fullness of the requirements for manufacturability, efficiency, cost, overall dimensions, etc. material characteristics set separately for each specific implementation case. In the present invention, they are described as examples of the implementation of individual technical solutions. The particular cases cited as illustrative examples are specified in the description by the words “for example”, “example”, “option”, “example of option”, “can” (for example, “can be performed as follows”), etc. and do not exhaust all possible embodiments of the invention. However, in general, the claimed invention describes the basic principles of the construction of the claimed material, including any particular implementation, varying in size, chemical composition of the substances used, etc., satisfying the features of the invention indicated in the claims.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. Figure 1 shows an example of the option of forming populations of small-sized elements from a monolithic component of the material without separation of small-sized elements and a pronounced structural separation of populations. The aggregates are formed with elements of self-similarity. In FIG. 1 (a) shows a perforated surface onto which, for example, a radar absorbing film is applied. As a result, a perforated film is formed on the surface, as shown in FIG. 1 (b). In this case, the film is a collection of small-sized elements (elementary lattices), for example, made of nanofilms, forming larger aggregates. A small element (elementary array) is separately shown in FIG. 1 (c). To expand the operating range, elementary lattices are combined in the aggregate, also representing lattices or networks, but with a larger mesh size. In turn, the resulting populations (networks) are combined into larger populations (with an even larger mesh size), etc. For clarity, the aggregates of small elements combined into larger aggregates are shown separately from the surface in FIG. 1 (g). Depending on the wavelength of the radar radiation, there will be a decrease in reflection due to interaction with a network with one or another mesh size, due to which an expansion of the working range of the material is achieved. The material can be made single-layer or multi-layer, with the application of sets of small-sized elements on each layer (including, for example, collections of various configurations, from various materials, etc.).

Similarly, one of the options for constructive solutions of the material that conceals in the thermal range of wavelengths can be performed. In this case, a film of a substance that reduces the radiation of the material in the thermal wavelength range is applied to two or more (in the case of a multilayer material) surface (for example, perforated). For example, it can be substances that convert the absorbed thermal energy into radiation of a different wavelength, or, for example, substances with high reflectivity in the thermal wavelength range. According to the proposed technical solution, between the films of a substance that reduces the radiation of the material in the thermal wavelength range, there must be a substance with high transparency in the wavelength range used to reduce the radiation of the material in the thermal wavelength range. For example, if the films consist of a substance with a high reflectivity in the thermal wavelength range, that is, to use the Kirchhoff law to reduce material radiation in the thermal wavelength range, then the substance located between the films (i.e., a layer or layers of material on the surface of which films applied), should have high transparency in the thermal wavelength range. If, for example, the films consist of a substance that converts the absorbed thermal energy into radiation of a different wavelength, then the substance located between the films should have high transparency for the radiation of the wavelength into which the thermal energy is converted.

In this case, between the films of a substance that reduces the radiation of the material in the thermal wavelength range, a substance that reduces the radiation of the material in the thermal wavelength range can also be located. For example, it can be particles of a substance with high reflectivity in the thermal wavelength range located in the mass of a substance transparent in the thermal wavelength range, or particles of a substance that converts absorbed thermal energy into radiation of a different wavelength located in the mass of a transparent material both in the thermal range of wavelengths and in the range of wavelengths in which radiation of transformed energy occurs, etc.

A material having hiding properties in the thermal wavelength range may also have hiding properties in the radar or other wavelength range. For example, this can be achieved by making films of a substance that simultaneously reduces the radiation of the material in the thermal wavelength range and reduces the reflection of radar radiation (for example, by making the film in the form of an ultra-thin metal film). In addition, materials that reduce radiation in the thermal wavelength range of a substance can be distributed between films that reduce the reflection of radar radiation of a substance, etc.

In FIG. 2 (a, b, c) shows examples of a simplified version of the proposed material, which hides, first of all, in the thermal range of wavelengths. In these examples, the material contains layers of a transparent substance 1 located between the layers of a substance that reduces the radiation of the material in the thermal wavelength range 2. In FIG. 2 (a) shows an example of a material made of several separate layers (for example, glued or otherwise bonded or not bonded to each other), FIG. 2 (b) shows an example of a material made in the form of structurally inseparable layers. One or more layers of the transparent substance 1 may also contain or be made of a substance that reduces the reflection of the material in the radar wavelength range and / or the radiation of the material in the thermal wavelength range under the condition of high transparency of the substance (for example, contain particles of ferrimagnets, be made of translucent phosphor that converts thermal radiation into radiation of a different wavelength, etc.). The layer or layers of a substance that reduces the radiation of a material in the thermal wavelength range 2 can also contain or be made of a substance that reduces the reflection of a material in the radar wavelength range (for example, be films or a layer of particles of ferrimagnets, contain particles of a radar absorbing substance inside the layer phosphor, etc.). In this case, the wave resistance of the layers 1 and / or 2 can, for example, increase from the outer surface of the material to the inner (for example, due to an increase in the amount of radar absorbing substance in the layer, due to the use of various substances with different wave impedances, etc.). In FIG. 2 (c) shows an example of the described embodiment of a material in which a layer of a substance or substances that reduce radiation of a material in the thermal wavelength range 2 is deposited on only one side of each layer of transparent substance 1. Moreover, between layers of a radiation-reducing material in the thermal wavelength range substance 2 is also a layer of transparent substance 1.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows an example of a variant of populations of small-sized elements from individual particles with a fractal construction principle without pronounced structural separation of populations. A similar construction of the aggregate can be used, for example, to achieve a useful effect with various parameters of radar radiation. In this case, particles of a substance that absorbs the magnetic component of radar radiation can, for example, be introduced into the film from a substance that absorbs the electrical part of electromagnetic radiation, or particles of a substance that absorbs the magnetic component of radar radiation, for example, alternate with particles of a substance that absorbs the electric component of radar radiation etc.

In the same or similar (similar) way, a constructive solution of a material that reduces radiation in the thermal wavelength range can be performed. For example, by layer-by-layer deposition of particles of a substance creating a beneficial effect (for example, a substance that converts absorbed thermal energy into radiation of a different wavelength) with a fractal distribution on transparent layers, due to different fractal detailing on different layers, a given spatial distribution of particles over the material can be achieved .

In FIG. 4 schematically shows a cross section of an example of one of the options for constructive solutions of the proposed material, assuming the presence of structurally separate sets of small-sized elements in the form of individual particles without self-similarity. The shown embodiment contains a flexible or rigid base 3 (for example, from sheet plastic, rubber, artificial leather, etc.) perforated with ultrathin holes 4 having different depths. Inside the holes are radio-absorbing particles 5 (for example, particles of cobalt, carbon, etc.). Also, the walls of the holes can be coated, for example, with a radar absorbing film (for example, carbon nanofilm), including, for example, without particles 5 to obtain a radar absorbing effect due to the film formed on the walls of the tube openings.

In other implementations (examples) of the considered embodiment of the proposed invention, the holes can have equal depth (for example, be through), the walls of the holes can be covered not with particles, but with a film of the corresponding substance, including several different films, including several layers as well as film fragments, particle aggregates, and the like. The structure of the material may also be, for example, a honeycomb structure consisting of cells (cells) formed by the partitions, rather than holes. A honeycomb structure may be of a uniform or different (for example, depth of material) shape and size of cells (hexagonal, trihedral, tetrahedral, etc.), thickness and material of partitions, structure, composition and size of cell coverage, etc. To increase the size or for other reasons, the holes (cells) can be made, for example, inclined, closed from the outer and / or inner side of the material, etc. As in other cases of consideration of individual examples of the implementation of particular constructive solutions, the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the particular cases described as examples.

The implementation of the principle proposed in the present invention for this example occurs by combining individual particles of a radar absorbing radiation substance (for example, particles of a substance absorbing the electric component of radar radiation and a substance absorbing the magnetic component of radar radiation) of less than 1 μm (small sized elements) into structurally separate bounded by aggregate openings. The aggregates are vertical cylinders that form dipoles absorbing radar radiation. The depth of the holes, the amount of absorbing energy of electromagnetic radiation of a substance, or other parameters (for example, the reflective properties of a substance) that determine the increment of a quantity characterizing the ability of a material to reflect electromagnetic radiation, can be determined, for example, as follows. In the general case, the ability of a material to absorb electromagnetic radiation, as well as the value characterizing the ability of a material to reflect electromagnetic radiation, will depend on the amount of a substance that absorbs electromagnetic radiation, the properties of this substance, and also on the distribution of this substance over the material. In this case, an increase in the amount of a substance absorbing electromagnetic radiation generally leads to an increase in the electromagnetic radiation reflected from this substance. Therefore, the depth and number of holes, the distribution of particles of the energy absorbing electromagnetic radiation of the substance and / or other parameters can be selected based on the achievement of an increase in the value characterizing the ability of the material to reflect electromagnetic radiation in thickness as electromagnetic radiation penetrates the material. For example, for the considered option, this can be done by increasing the number of holes on the inside compared to the number of holes on the outside, as shown in the example of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, or due to the different density of filling holes, or due to the use of various substances at different depths of the holes, etc.

In addition to self-similarity and structural separability, depending on the design, specific implementations of the proposed material may vary in the form of small-sized elements and / or assemblies, the mutual orientation of small-sized elements and / or assemblies, etc.

For enhancing certain properties directly in the aggregate, or in the material as a whole, for example, gas inclusions, including air inclusions, dielectric or semiconductor granules, films, etc. can also be introduced: for example, to impart additional heterogeneity of properties material, enhancing the conductivity of fragments, etc. In particular, it is known that the presence of carbon between particles of a ferrimagnet can enhance the radio-absorbing properties. At the same time, the presence of a ferrimagnet between particles limited by the limits of the radio-scattering carbon aggregate will also make it possible to increase the radio-dispersing properties by increasing the conductivity of the aggregate as a whole and, thus, a greater heterogeneity of the reflective properties of the material.

Similarly, a variant of a structural solution of a material hiding in the thermal range of wavelengths can be performed.

The presence of openings in most cases is complementary to that obtained through the application of the principles proposed in the claimed invention as a heat insulating factor, since in most cases the openings are filled with a heat insulating substance (the substance of the medium in which the material is used), or can be filled with such a substance and sealed with external and internal sides of the material to prevent the release of heat insulating substances from the holes.

The implementation of the principles proposed in the present invention can be achieved, for example, by applying a substance that creates a beneficial effect (for example, a substance that converts the absorbed thermal energy into radiation with a different wavelength) on the walls of the holes.

If the holes are filled with a transparent medium (for example, air or vacuum), the implementation of the principles described in the claimed invention and the beneficial effect will be created due to the presence of a transparent substance between opposite (opposite to each other) wall sections of the same hole.

If the holes are filled with an opaque substance, the space of the material may act as a transparent substance. In this case, between the holes, the walls of which are covered with a substance that creates a beneficial effect (for example, a substance that converts the absorbed thermal energy into radiation of a different wavelength), a transparent substance is located. Thus, the material having openings is wholly or partially made of a transparent substance, and a transparent material substance is located between the walls of two different openings.

Both cases can be combined, and the holes filled with a transparent substance (on whose walls a substance creating a beneficial effect is applied) can be made in a transparent (in whole or in part) material.

In addition, the beneficial effect material can be distributed in one way or another over the fully or partially transparent material having openings. A substance that creates a useful effect in the thermal wavelength range can simultaneously be a substance that reduces reflection in the radar wavelength range, or a substance that reduces reflection in the radar wavelength range can be additionally distributed in one way or another over the material. A substance that creates a beneficial effect or a transparent part of the material may have a hiding effect, for example, in the visible wavelength range. Those. any material substance can have a camouflage color or camouflage colors, including those having a different distribution, including dyeing the same substance in different colors within the same material, and / or dyeing different substances in the same colors within one material, and / or staining of different substances in different colors within the same material, and / or using the natural colors of the corresponding substances without additional staining, etc.

In FIG. 5-8 schematically show examples of some textile variants of the constituents of the proposed material with the formation of sets of small elements. A separate set of small-sized elements from separate fragments of a monolithic component of the material (for example, a radar absorbing film) will be a separate fiber with fragments deposited on it, and a separate set of small-sized elements from separate particles (for example, from radar-absorbing particles) will be a portion of the surface or volume of the fiber on or in which the respective particles are located. The set of individual particles in the form of a portion of the surface of the fiber can be a fragment of the coating of individual particles.

Of these fibers, fabric (roving fabric), non-woven fabric, thread from which woven or knitted fabric can be made, and the like can be made. A similar treatment can be applied to the yarn as a whole. Moreover, the scope of the described fibers and / or threads is not limited to textile materials: masking material can be, for example, mats filled with the described fibers and / or threads, plastics with a filler in the form of the described fibers and / or threads, etc.

The proposed principle, in particular, for technical solutions of fibers, as elements of individual embodiments of the proposed material, can be applied to all fibers of the material, or to individual fibers of the material (for example, individual solutions can be applied to fibers located mainly from the front, and others solutions - to fibers located mainly on the wrong side of the nonwoven fabric), or to individual fibers of threads, or to fibers used to make individual threads (for example, only threads Again, or weft yarns, or filaments, advantageously located on the front or back of the fabric material or reinforcing filaments, filaments for nonwoven EEPROM, etc.), or all the yarns (all filaments fibers) material. It is also possible, for example, the presence of fibers and / or threads having double, triple or more purposes. The specific implementation options for the proposed material are determined by various factors, including sanitary and hygienic requirements for the material, purpose requirements, operational requirements (including requirements for strength and durability), cost restrictions, weight restrictions, etc.

In the general case, the mutual arrangement of fibers or threads with different technical solutions can be determined by different requirements for the material, including, for example, the possibility of achieving an increase in wave resistance across the thickness of the material from the front to the wrong side. In particular, a similar effect can be achieved due to the interweaving of threads, or the order of the relative positions of the fibers in the nonwoven material.

An example of a variant of a material having a weave of threads with a predominance of one type of thread on the outside of the material, and another type of thread on the inside of the material (satin weave), is shown in FIG. 5. From the inside shown in FIG. 5 (a), yarns 6 prevail, and from the outside shown in FIG. 5 (b), 7 threads predominate.

Filaments 6 may have, for example, a more pronounced ability to absorb radar radiation, but at the same time create a layer with a higher wave impedance. However, since the transition between the layers of filaments in the fabric does not occur discretely (just as there is no clear boundary between the layer of some filaments and the layer of other filaments, they are intertwined and partially penetrate into each other), the wave resistance increases smoothly, unlike using only external coating of the material as a whole. In order to enhance the radar absorbing effect, the material can be additionally coated with, for example, a metal and / or nonmetallic coating and / or paint, polymer and other materials containing the corresponding substances.

Also, small-sized particles of a substance interacting with radar radiation (for example, radar absorbing small-sized particles) can be introduced into the material and / or its components (for example, into filaments) by means of drying or non-drying impregnation, mechanical action (for example, vibration), precipitation from a gaseous medium chemical or electrochemical reduction and other methods in which small particles of the corresponding substances are deposited on the surface, are introduced directly into the fibers, s fills voids, e.g., between the fibers and / or filaments of material between the pores of the porous material, etc.

The introduction of small particles and / or substances containing small particles into separate sections of the filament and / or material allows one to obtain clusters of small particles introduced into limited sections of the material in the form of nanopowders contained in a solution, a gel resulting from a reduction reaction, etc. For this, for example, a part of the material that cannot be filled with small particles can be pretreated, for example, with another substance filling the voids of the material, or densified (for example, as a result of temperature exposure) until the voids are removed, or otherwise processed, as a result of which the thread or material as a whole can be filled with small particles only in areas specified for this. The introduction of small particles and / or substances containing small particles into the material as a whole can serve, for example, to increase the radar absorbing effect with a smooth increase in wave resistance. The material or thread thus obtained can subsequently be fixed on one or more sides by impregnation, varnish, paint, lamination, etc. layer, or, for example, drying fixing impregnation, preventing the free exit of small particles from the material and / or the movement of particles through the material during operation. The amount of a substance (for example, radar absorbing) interacting with radar radiation in the form of small particles or film fragments on fibers and / or threads is determined by the density and / or area of the coating fragments and / or coating thickness, the density of particles inside fragments, etc. . The properties of the fibers and / or threads as a whole will also depend on the chemical composition of the applied substance, the nature of the distribution of the substance over the fibers and / or threads, the properties of the substance from which the fibers and / or threads are made, and the like.

An increase in wave resistance over the thickness of the material can be achieved by changing the concentration across the thickness of the material, for example, containing small-sized particles of the impregnating substance, changing the concentration of the substance causing or contributing to the recovery reaction, changing the type of substance across the thickness of the material, etc.

In FIG. 6 schematically shows an example of an embodiment for producing aggregates in the form of fibers and / or threads coated with small-sized elements in the form of individual fragments of a radar absorbing film. Similarly, aggregates in the form of fragments of a coating (layer) from separate small-sized elements (evenly distributed over a layer of particles of a radio-absorbing substance) on a fiber and / or thread can be obtained. Fragmentation of the coating (with a monolithic film, or a layer of individual particles) in this example is achieved by performing a continuous coating (continuous thin-layer coating in the form of a monolithic film, or a coating of individual particles) of overlapping fibers and / or threads.

In FIG. 6 (a) shows a variant of the mutual arrangement of fibers and / or threads, on which a continuous coating is applied on top to obtain a fragmented coating with different densities and different sizes and shapes of coating fragments on different groups of fibers and / or threads, as shown in FIG. 6 (b). A fiber or thread, on which there is no coating, is conventionally indicated in white. The coating is conventionally indicated in gray. Since a predetermined spatial arrangement initially divides the entire set of fibers or threads into three groups, as a result of coating, three types of fibers or threads are obtained: fibers or threads that were located before the coating in the upper layer and have a coating in the form of a fragment extending over the entire length of the fiber or filaments and occupying the upper half of the surface area of the fiber or filament as shown in FIG. 6 (c); fibers or filaments arranged for coating in the second layer and having a coating in the form of rectangular fragments shown in FIG. 6 (d), and the size of the coating fragments on these fibers or threads is determined by the frequency of arrangement of the fibers or threads in the upper layer; fibers or filaments located for coating in the lower layer and having a coating in the form of fragments of various shapes and small total area shown in FIG. 6 (d) and FIG. 6 (e). Since in the example under consideration the relative position of the fibers or threads before the continuous coating is ordered, the arrangement of the coating fragments on the fibers or threads is also ordered.

In FIG. 7 schematically shows another example of an embodiment for producing aggregates on fibers in the form of fibers and / or threads coated with small-sized elements in the form of individual fragments of a radar absorbing film and / or in the form of aggregates (clusters, local groups) of particles of radar absorbing substance deposited on fibers and / or filaments substances in such a way that within the aggregate of particles there is an absorption of both the electric and magnetic components of the radar radiation. In FIG. 7 (a) shows an example of the initial arrangement of fibers and / or threads, in FIG. 7 (b) shows the result of the deposition of particles and / or film (s) of a radar absorbing substance, FIG. 7 (c, d, e) shows the resulting types of fibers and / or threads with different amounts of radar absorbing substances in the form of aggregates (clusters of particles and / or fragments of a film and / or films).

In the general case, in the manufacture of textile fabrics using fibers having a fragmentary coating or using threads based on them, the resulting surface is a statistically uneven surface, and local inhomogeneities of reflective properties are formed along the thickness of the material, which provides additional scattering of radio waves. At the same time, reducing the length of the fiber, increasing the number of fibers in the yarn, complicating the interweaving of the yarns in the fabric or fibers in the nonwoven material generally reduces the requirements for the correct shape and uniform distribution of the coating fragments over the fiber or yarn to obtain a radio-scattering effect.

Similarly, a reduction in radiation of a material in the thermal wavelength range can be achieved.

For example, applying a continuous or non-continuous layer of a substance creating a beneficial effect to the fibers of a material implies the appearance of particles of a substance creating a beneficial effect (for example, particles in a continuous layer, in film fragments, in the form of individual particles, etc.), separated by the shortest distance fiber substance.

On the other hand, the application of a continuous or non-continuous layer to the material fibers that creates a useful effect (reduces the radiation of the material in the thermal wavelength range) of a substance implies the appearance of particles that create a beneficial effect of a substance, separated by the shortest distance between the material filling the space between the fibers of the material.

If at least one of the substances (the material fiber material and / or the substance filling the space between the material fibers) is transparent, there will be a transparent substance between at least two particles of the substance that creates a useful effect, that is, the principle ( constructive solution) of the claimed invention.

In addition, for example, a substance creating a beneficial effect can be additionally distributed in a transparent substance (for example, particles of a substance that converts absorbed thermal energy into radiation of a different wavelength can be distributed inside transparent fibers coated externally with highly reflective film fragments).

As in other cases, a substance that creates a useful effect in the thermal wavelength range (for example, a substance that reduces the radiation of the material as a whole in the thermal wavelength range due to the use of the Kirchhoff law, i.e., has an increased reflectivity in the thermal wavelength range) can be at the same time with a substance that reduces reflection in the radar range of wavelengths, as well as with a substance that stains in the visible range of wavelengths, etc.

In FIG. Figure 8 schematically shows an example of an embodiment of a randomly distributed statistically distributed fragmentary fiber coating. In FIG. 8 (a) shows an example of the mutual arrangement of staple fibers randomly oriented relative to each other. To obtain a fragmented coating, before the coating is applied, the fibers are overlapping each other, and when applied on top of a continuous coating, the fibers or parts of the fibers located on top partially overlap the fibers or parts of the fibers below. As a result, after performing a continuous coating in the separation of the fibers, the fragmented coating fibers shown in FIG. 8 (b, d, f). Moreover, the total area of the coating fragments on the fibers of the lower layers is less than the total area of the coating fragments on the fibers of the upper layers. The results of layer-by-layer fiber removal after continuous coating are shown in FIG. 8 (c, d, g). Since in the considered example the relative position of the fibers or threads before the continuous coating is disordered, the arrangement of the coating fragments on the fibers or threads is also disordered.

To obtain fibers and / or filaments with a large amount of a substance absorbing the magnetic and / or electric component of electromagnetic radiation (in the form of a coating of a layer of individual particles or a continuous film) than is obtained with a single coating, for example, two or more fibers can be coated time. Moreover, in certain areas, the density of particles may increase, or the thickness of the film may increase. It is also possible to apply a layer of individual particles on top of a film layer, or vice versa, apply a film of one substance on top of a film of another substance, etc. In FIG. 9 (a) shows a variant of the mutual arrangement of staple fibers on which a fragmentary coating was previously applied as shown in FIG. 8. To obtain a double fragmentary coating, a continuous coating is applied from above, as shown in FIG. 9 (b). Double coated fiber areas are indicated by a darker color. As a result, when the fibers are separated, fibers with a fragmented coating are obtained, with some of the fragments being a double coating. Fibers with double coating fragments, layer-by-layer removed from a common fiber array, are shown in FIG. 9 (c, d, g, and). The results of layer-by-layer fiber removal after continuous coating are shown in FIG. 9 (r, e, s, k). The resulting fibers can be used, for example, for the manufacture of threads or non-woven materials.

As can be seen from FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the fragmented coated fiber has areas in which there is no coating. When dyeing the fiber (providing the covering properties of the material in the ultraviolet, visible and near infrared wavelength ranges), surface or in bulk, these areas will be visible and dyed with dyes common to the fibers used, and thus, a filament of fibers with fragmented fibers can be dyed coated, and can also be dyed textile fabric from such fibers or threads. In addition, the thread may contain both coated fiber, including fragmentary, and uncoated fiber. In this case, the ability to dye increases with an increase in the number of uncoated fibers.

An example of the arrangement of coating fragments upon receipt of a filament from a fiber with a fragmentary single-layer coating (continuous thin layer, or a layer of individual small-sized particles) is shown schematically in FIG. 10 (a), and an example of an arrangement of fragments of the double coating in FIG. 10 (b). White color shows sections of the thread on which there is no coating. Sections of the thread coated in one layer are conventionally indicated in gray, double coating is indicated in a darker color.

The material as a whole can contain both coated filaments (fibers) and uncoated filaments (fibers). In this case, the ability of the material to dye will depend primarily on the number and properties of uncoated filaments on the outside of the material. In addition to the outer coating, it is possible to introduce small-sized particles into the bulk of the fibers, to combine the internal and external arrangement of small-sized particles, etc.

Since in the general case, applying a fragmentary coating before dyeing the yarn can lead to a color closer to the color of the applied coating, corrected colors can be used to dye yarns with a previously applied fragmentary coating. In general, the correction may consist in increasing (for colors, lighter the color of the coating) or decreasing (for colors darker than the color of the coating) brightness compared to dyeing uncoated filaments, as well as enhancing color saturation and / or subtractive elimination of the chromatic component of the color of the coating and etc.

In order to experimentally verify the claimed material in the radar wavelength range, six samples were made, three of which were models of variants of the proposed material, and three were control samples.

Experiment No. 1.

Sample No. 1. It was a model of non-woven material in the form of a layer of staple aramid fibers. Aramid fibers were applied to an adhesive paper base for fixing, and then coated with nickel nanofilm by vacuum spraying.

Sample No. 2. It was a model of a variant of the proposed material in the form of a layer of staple aramid fibers coated with a nickel nanofilm, and then mixed and newly formed as a layer. After applying nickel particles and mixing, the newly formed fiber layer was placed on an adhesive paper base for fixing.

The total amount of nickel deposited on the fibers of sample No. 2 was controlled by the weight of the fibers before and after nickel deposition, and was equal to the total amount of nickel deposited on the fibers of sample No. 1. The quantity, material, fiber sizes, and also the adhesive base of sample No. 1 were identical to the corresponding parameters of sample No. 2.

Comparative tests showed an increase in the efficiency of sample No. 2 compared with sample No. 1 in reducing the amplitude of reflected electromagnetic radiation in the radar wavelength range by 15-20%.

Experiment number 2.

Sample No. 3. It was a model of non-woven material with the separation of aggregates of substances that absorb the magnetic component (in the form of nickel particles deposited on aramid fibers) and absorb the electrical component of electromagnetic radiation (in the form of carbon fibers). The sample was a mixture of staple carbon and aramid fibers in a ratio of 1: 1. Aramid fibers were previously coated with a sparse layer of nickel particles by vacuum spraying.

Sample No. 4. It was a model of a variant of the proposed material in the form of a mixture of staple carbon and aramid fibers in a ratio of 1: 1. Carbon fibers were previously coated with a sparse layer of nickel particles by vacuum deposition, then mixed and re-formed as a layer in a mixture with aramid fibers.

For the convenience of working with samples during testing after the formation of layers and the application of all coatings, the fibers of both samples were fixed using epoxy resin.

The total amount of nickel deposited on the fibers of sample No. 4 was controlled by the weight of the fibers before and after nickel deposition, and was equal to the total amount of nickel deposited on the fibers of sample No. 3. The quantity, material, fiber sizes, and also the used epoxy resin of sample No. 4 were identical to the corresponding parameters of sample No. 3.

Comparative tests showed an increase in the efficiency of sample No. 4 compared with sample No. 3 in reducing the amplitude of reflected electromagnetic radiation in the radar wavelength range by 10-15%.

Experiment number 3.

In order to experimentally verify the effectiveness of the claimed material in the thermal range of lengths, a prototype was made, which is a model of a variant of the proposed material and a control sample, which is a model of a traditional material, using Kirchhoff's law to hide (reduce radiation from the material) in the thermal wavelength range. To exclude the influence of the quality of the reflective properties of the surface, the surface of the material was imitated using thick paper (whatman paper) located on the outer and inner sides of each sample.

Sample No. 5.

It consisted of 8 layers of mylar film and a layer of aluminum foil with a thickness of 15 μm, closed on both sides with sheets of thick paper (Whatman paper).

Sample No. 6.

It consisted of 8 layers of a lavsan film with aluminum spraying with a thickness of 125 nm each. Schematically, a fragment of the cross section of sample No. 6 is shown in FIG. 2 (c).

The films in samples No. 5 and No. 6 were two halves of one sheet, one half of which was separated and aluminum was deposited with a thickness of 125 nm. Thick paper (whatman) in samples No. 5 and No. 6 was identical. The area of the samples was identical.

Samples were mounted on a single (common) frame, and subjected to simultaneous thermal irradiation (60 ° C) under the same conditions. After two hours of heating, it was found that the radiation temperature of sample No. 6 is lower than the radiation temperature of sample No. 5 by 1.5 ... 2 degrees, despite the greater amount (thickness) of aluminum in sample No. 5.

Thus, the claimed material has greater efficiency compared to traditional structural solutions.

Claims (2)

1. Camouflage material containing one or more substances that reduce the reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar range of wavelengths, having at least one layer, characterized in that one or more substances that reduce the reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar range of wavelengths of substances are structurally made in the form of small particles , combined into larger aggregates (clusters), while in the composition of such aggregates there is a substance that absorbs the magnetic component of the radar radiation, as well as a substance that absorbs the electrical component of radar radiation, or in the form of fragments into which large aggregates are divided (monolithic regions of the material), and the value characterizing the ability to reflect electromagnetic radiation in the radar range of wavelengths mainly increases from one surface of the material to the opposite the surface of the material, including, but not exclusively, with a full or partial distribution of the reflection-reducing electromagnetic radiation in the radiol the ocational range of wavelengths of matter over the thickness (volume) of the material however, including, but not exclusively, the material may also contain one or more radiation-reducing material in the thermal wavelength range of substances, and / or substances coloring in the optical wavelength range, and / or substances having other masking and / or protective properties, including, but not limited to, simultaneously being substances that reduce the reflection of electromagnetic radiation in the radar range of wavelengths. 2. A camouflage material having at least one layer, characterized in that it contains one or more substances that reduce radiation in the thermal wavelength range from the material as a whole, including, but not exclusively, in a material having simultaneously radar absorbing, and / or radio-scattering, and / or radiolucent, and / or coloring in the optical wavelength range, and / or other masking properties, including, but not limited to, distributed over the material in the form of aggregates (clusters, monolithic regions, fragmentary ), at least one of the material’s substances located between the particles and / or aggregates of the substance, or substances that reduce the radiation of the material in the thermal wavelength range, has high transparency in at least one, mainly, but not exclusively, thermal range wavelengths, including, but not limited to, simultaneously possessing radar absorbing, and / or radio-scattering, and / or radiolucent, and / or coloring in the optical wavelength range, and / or other masking properties in the material.

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