RU2606864C1 - Method of training and evaluating ringer qualification - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: music.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of learning to play musical instruments and is intended for training and evaluating qualification of ringers, playing in musical orchestras, in church and temple bell-towers. It is achieved by the fact that a training place of the ringer, having a given number of strings for controlling tongues, sensors of impact force of tongues with their limit stops and sound generators, included in the software-hardware system, which fixes ringer actions and generates synthesized sounds. At the specified frame randomly or in compliance with layout selected to simulate a bell-tower, brackets are installed, on which tongues are suspended, tongues have preset location, size, weight and swinging-free travel to the limiter, made in the form of a ring or a ring segment the specified size. Tone and timbre of the specified number of generated sounds is selected and is set in the software-hardware system from its library of sounds. And the volume of their sounding is higher, when impact of the tongue with the limit stop, including an impact sensor, is stronger, impact sensor transmits a signal in the software-hardware system for evaluating the impact force and generating a sound signal of corresponding tonality, timbre and volume. Synthesised sound is reproduced and adjusted according to the volume simultaneously from all sound generators or on a case by case basis by preset number of sound generators and/or with filtration of preset sound frequencies through external speakers and/or headphones. Musical compositions of the ringer are recorded and/or reproduced for listening and analysis of fragments or as a whole separately, or with multilayering the sound sample – a training task. Proposed method ensures the creative nature of training, wherein the student is relaxed, he is not shy, is not afraid to make mistakes and he improvises and experiments with pleasure. And it allows to fulfill quickly his potential and to form the required skills, detect of individual "handwriting" and evaluate its learning ability in the selected activity. This method differs from known methods with new properties, it allows to increase efficiency of training and evaluating qualification of ringers by obtaining conditions and data that were not available before.

EFFECT: technical result of the proposed method is higher efficiency of training, improving and evaluating skills of the ringer.

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Description

The invention relates to methods for teaching musical instrument skills and is intended for training and assessing the preparedness of ringers operating in musical orchestras, in church and temple belfries.

State of the art

Electronic drum kits are known that generate a wide variety of sounds. These units are lightweight, mobile and small in size. At the same time, they provide a unique opportunity to conduct rehearsals without disturbing others, as the sound signal can be delivered personally to the headphones of a person playing the installation. The sound quality of such settings depends on the level of electronics that is in the drum kit. Professional settings, which in addition to the sound imitate the rebound of the stick, give the drummer the sensation of a real touch on the acoustic pad [1].

The electric piano is also known - a modern keyboard instrument that replaced the usual piano due to its versatility, relatively low weight and reasonably compact size. Such an instrument is very convenient, it does not need to be tuned like classical pianos, it is easy to rearrange and transport, it does not require much space. Almost all modern types of digital pianos have the necessary polyphony, and this makes it possible to play any kind of melody without loss of sound quality.

Features of the digital piano: the ability to play with headphones and with the restriction of the sound signal to others; the number of keys, their size is the same as in an acoustic piano; the presence of a balanced and weighted keyboard that matches the position on a traditional acoustic instrument. As you can see, the developers managed to create a modern electronic instrument that gives a complete sense of the game, like on an acoustic piano. It is important to note here that three types of keyboards are known - semi-weighted, weighted and hammer. The difference between them is that in a semi-weighted keyboard the keys move away after pressing with the help of ordinary springs, the weighted one has counterweights, which makes the pressing more like a piano keyboard. Hammer - completely imitates the piano dynamics of the keys and almost perfectly imitates the keyboard of an ordinary piano [2].

In the literature, bells of various shapes and sizes are fairly well described. Bells are known in which different methods of ringing are used to excite sound: they strike the bell with the tongue or swing the bell and it strikes the tongue. The method of hitting the tongue against the bell body during ringing affects the sound characteristics [3, 4].

From these sources of information, traditional approaches to teaching beginner ringers are known, where the development of theoretical knowledge is accompanied by the necessary practical exercises in mastering the technique of extracting sounds from different bells.

disadvantages

Obviously, the imperfection of the published sounds from the bells of a novice bell ringer will not be gladly received by the surrounding public. And therefore, special classes with good sound insulation are created for students, where a sufficient number of different bells is set for training. As a rule, for obvious reasons, these classes with bells of small dimensions and low weight.

Practice shows that such equipment and training conditions do not solve all problems, including not giving students the fullness of the sensations that they can get on a real belfry, for example, using a large bell in their melody - the gospel, with significant physical effort. At the same time, almost all belfries have specific conditions for arranging bells and their control systems. The peculiarity of each workplace is expressed in the number of bells, their weight, free play and the effort to move the languages of the bells, in the arrangement and material of the strings of the manual and pedal language control drives, etc.

Sometimes even experienced ringleaders in a new place adapt for a long time to the conditions of the mastered belfry, while it is difficult for them to express the conceived melody, rhythm without errors in such conditions and thereby fully reveal their skills. This is especially true for those who often have to replace colleagues for some reason, participate in field services or take part in festivals, competitions and other performances of sacred music.

All of the above briefly reveals the problems and determines the relevance of creating technologies for effective training, improvement and assessment of the skills of ringers.

The technical result of the proposed method is to increase the effectiveness of training, improve and evaluate the skills of the bell ringer.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that each of a given number of bell languages is connected by an individual string for manual or foot control, and sound extraction of the required characteristics is carried out by the ringer by abruptly pulling the selected string and hitting the corresponding language over the body of the sound generating element. Moreover, the ringer’s training place is formed in a closed room or in an open place, containing a given number of language control strings, language impact force sensors against their stroke limiters and sound generators, which are part of the hardware and software complex that records the actions of the ringer and generates synthesized sounds;

at the same time, on a given frame, randomly or in accordance with the layout chosen to simulate a belfry, brackets are installed on which languages are suspended, having a given place, size, weight and free swinging movement to a travel stop made in the form of a ring or ring segment of a given size;

the tonality and timbre of a given number of generated sounds is selected and set in the hardware-software complex from its library of sounds, and the volume of their sound is set the higher, the stronger the impact of the tongue against the travel limiter, containing a shock sensor that transmits a signal to the hardware-software complex for evaluation impact forces and the generation of an audio signal of the corresponding tonality, timbre and sound volume;

the synthesized sound is reproduced and regulated by the sound volume simultaneously from all sound generators or differentially according to a given number of sound generators and / or with filtering the specified sound frequencies through external speakers and / or headphones;

The ringer’s musical compositions are recorded and / or played back to listen to and analyze fragments, either as a whole separately, or superimposed on the sound of the sample — a training assignment.

This is the totality of essential features that provides a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The proposed method is as follows.

In a closed room or in an open place, the bell ringer's training place is formed. It can be performed, for example, as a copy of the workplace of the bell-ringer of some famous belfry, but instead of bells on a special frame there are brackets - fasteners for bell languages with travel stops. Specially selected languages or copies of the languages of the copied belfry are suspended on the brackets. Each language has its own place in space, size, weight and free swinging. Fixing the strings in languages, the bell ringer and pedal drive, as well as their material - everything can be identical to the components of a real belfry, except that instead of bells on the frame, language limiters are fixed. To approximate the real conditions of language movements, the limiters can be made in the form of a ring with the diameter of the inner size of the lower skirt of the corresponding bell on the belfry or as a sector of this ring.

Sharply pulling the selected string, the ringer moves the tongue and strikes them not against the bell, but against the limiter containing the shock sensor. This sensor transmits a shock signal to the software and hardware complex for its processing and generation of sound of the corresponding tonality, timbre and sound strength.

The tonality and timbre of a given number of generated sounds are preselected and set in the hardware-software complex from its library of sounds that can be synthesized or recorded with real bells.

The sound volume is set the higher, the stronger the impact of the tongue against the travel limiter, containing a shock sensor, which transmits a signal to the software and hardware complex to evaluate the impact force and generate an audio signal of the corresponding tonality, timbre and sound volume.

To effectively evaluate the sound of a single group or a single “bell” in a melody, the synthesized sound is reproduced and adjusted in volume differentially for each sound generator separately and / or with filtering the set frequencies through external speakers and / or headphones.

Musical compositions of the ringer can be recorded and played back for listening and analysis in separate fragments or in general. To learn new compositions, it is possible to overlay the sound of the ringer on the sound of the selected rhythm and melody pattern.

It is fair to say that training and assessing the skills of a bell ringer in such a training place, where, in addition to the sensations of a real belfry, receives additional technical capabilities and creative freedom, are very effective. Before any significant public speaking, a lot of experimental work can be done to optimize a number of technical and ergonomic parameters of the studied belfry. For example, the free running of the languages of light and heavy bells can be optimized, the desktop and pedal drive are rationally arranged, the material and diameter of the working strings are selected, as well as their location relative to each other, etc.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information, allowed to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "novelty."

To verify the compliance of the claimed invention with the condition "inventive step", the applicant conducted an additional search for known solutions to identify signs that match the distinctive features of the claimed method. The search results showed that the claimed invention does not follow explicitly from the prior art and has a significant inventive step. Therefore, the claimed method meets the condition of "inventive step".

It is obvious that the set of techniques and the order of practical actions in this invention achieve the claimed technical result. The claimed method for the first time indicates the path and technical means by which the task can be solved. It should be noted that in the implementation of the proposed method and sound synthesis, well-known technical means can be used, well-known or original software can be used to operate the complex.

A feature of this method is that in it training is organically combined with the process of psychomotor and emotional development of the bell ringer. The inventive method gives the learning process a creative character in which the student is liberated, not shy, not afraid of mistakes and is happy to improvise and experiment. And this allows you to quickly reveal its potential, to form the required skills, to identify an individual "handwriting" and evaluate its ability to learn in the chosen type of activity.

This method expands the arsenal of training tools and assesses the preparedness of the bell ringer at all stages of a professional career, and makes it possible to organize a qualitatively new level in assessing his abilities in an environment where training is as close as possible to the real conditions of his work.

Thanks to the artificially created environment, training and assessment of preparedness are carried out by experts under the control, but without attracting the attention of random people around. Comparing the results of indicators of simultaneous assessments on different melodies and rhythms, we can effectively assess the dynamics of the development of the ringer.

The inventive method differs from the known methods in new properties that determine the receipt of a positive effect, it allows you to increase the effectiveness of training and assess the preparedness of ringers receiving conditions and data that were previously unavailable.

Information sources

1. http://jool.ru/elektronnye-udarnye-ustanovki/?gclid=CLTkgaqc6MkCFcPOcgod56gLjA

2. http://www.moinf.info/articles/electropiano-part2

3. http://typikon.ru/books/kolokola.pdf

4. N.I. Olovyashnikov / History of bells and bell art. Moscow, 1912, p. 392.

Claims (1)

A method of training and assessing the ringer’s preparedness for playing the bells, in which each of the specified number of bell languages is connected by an individual string for manual or foot control, and the sound is extracted by the ringer by dragging the string and hitting the tongue over the body of the element generating sound, characterized that in a closed room or in an open place, a bell ringer’s training place is formed, containing a given number of language control strings, language impact force sensors about the boundaries of their progress and sound generators, which are part of the hardware-software complex, which records the actions of the ringer and generates synthesized sounds; at the same time, on a given frame, randomly or in accordance with the layout chosen to simulate a belfry, brackets are installed on which languages are suspended, having a given place, size, weight and free swinging movement to a travel stop made in the form of a ring or ring segment of a given size; the tonality and timbre of a given number of generated sounds is selected and set in the hardware-software complex from its library of sounds, and the volume of their sound is set the higher, the stronger the impact of the tongue against the travel limiter, containing a shock sensor that transmits a signal to the hardware-software complex for evaluation impact forces and the generation of an audio signal of the corresponding tonality, timbre and sound volume; the synthesized sound is reproduced and regulated by the sound volume simultaneously from all sound generators or differentially according to a given number of sound generators and / or with filtering the specified sound frequencies through external speakers and / or headphones; The ringer’s musical compositions are recorded and / or played back to listen to and analyze fragments, either as a whole separately, or superimposed on the sound of the sample — a training assignment.