RU2604946C2 - Use of periscope surveillance device as bipod for long-barrelled small arms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to military equipment. Proposed is the use of a periscope surveillance device as a bipod for long-barrelled small arms. Another version presents the possibility of using a stereoscopic tube as a bipod for long-barrelled small arms.

EFFECT: provided are decreased overall dimensions, weight and cost of a soldier combat pack.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to military equipment, specifically to periscope surveillance devices (for individual use by a fighter) and simultaneously to barreled bipod for long-barreled small arms, that is, universal (at least two-functional) devices for use by power structures. The technical task is to expand the functional purpose of both periscope monitoring devices (devices) and small arms openers (light machine guns, sniper rifles, etc.) in order to reduce the overall dimensions, weight and cost of a combatant’s combat unit.

Mono- (single) and stereoperiscopes are known and widely used, combined into a separate subgroup of the IPC - G02B 23/08, G02B 23/18 and received the general classification name “Periscopes”. Of particular interest, from the point of view of the claimed invention, are the reconnaissance periscope, trench periscope and field periscope [Optics in military affairs: Sat. Articles / Ed. Acad. S.I. Vavilova and prof. M.V. Sevastyanova. - T. II. - M. - L .: Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, pp. 35-44 (see. Internet resource // http://scilib.narod.ru/Military/WarOptics2/contents.htm].

Among them are artillery stereo tubes (V-shaped), consisting of the following main components: a base with a retainer and a hinge, two (for each user's eye) identical periscope tubes with an optical system, including eyepieces and lenses (pupils) with protective caps and device for adjusting the V-shaped collapse of periscope tubes [Artillery / Army stereo tube, 1914, Russia // Internet resource: http://antikvariat.ru/reenact/2831/20234/#. VHdM8Ge DHXQ; Nikiforov N.N., Turkin P.I., Zherebtsov A.A., Galienko S.G. / Under the total. ed. Chistyakova M.N. - M .: Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1953. - S. 10-12, Fig. 192 (See. Internet resource: http://armor.kiev.ua/lib/artilery/08/)].

When using a stereo tube, it is usually mounted using a base and a latch, on a tripod or other tripod (otherwise just hold it with your hands), the periscope tubes are moved apart by means of the device for adjusting the camber angle, corresponding to the distance between the pupils of the user's eyes, the protective caps are removed and when V-shaped orientation is carried out observation from the shelter (trenches, trenches and dp) [see the specified source of information on p. 192 on the left].

However, all known periscopes are single-function.

Also known are bipods (usually Λ-shaped, folding, quick-detachable, barrel) long-barreled firearms (sniper rifles, light machine guns, etc.). Often they are two-functional: constructively and functionally combine two devices, namely the bipod itself as the front support of the weapon on the ground and the handle (handles).

Bipods are single-function and two-function. In the first part, see the source [RU 2152583, F41C 27/04, 07/10/2004; RU 2215256, F41A 23/08, 07/10/2000; RU 2444692, F41A 23/08, 10.27.2003].

Examples of this dual-function are quick-detachable folding Λ-shaped bipods containing a base with a latch and a hinge, two (for the stability of the arms) identical cylindrical legs with coaxial last handles and support heels, as well as a device for adjusting the Λ-shaped camber of the legs [Bipod and vertical handle in one device // Small arms - infantry weapons: news, reviews, opinions // Internet resource: http://www.guns.yfa1.ru/tag/soshka; ; Tactical handles - bipod // Internet resource: http: //fab.defense.ru/g6129640-rukoyatki-takticheskie-soshki; RU 2533861, F41C 27/04, 11/20/2014; RU 33215, F41C 27/04, 10/10/2003; RU 54663, F41C 27/04, 07/10/2006; RU 57883, F41C 27/04, 10.27.2003].

However, if it is necessary to have a periscope monitoring device, neither these single-function bipods, nor their combination with handles solve the problem otherwise than by additional use of a separate device - the periscope.

From the standpoint of the claimed invention, it seems appropriate to note that the history of technology knows the complexes of long-barreled small arms (a special "trench" rifle), Λ-shaped single-functional bipod and single-function monoperiscope [Curve tip / Semyon Fedoseev. - Fig. “The Lebel rifle on a special frame by Alfred Bellard with a mirror“ gyroscope ”for shooting from behind the parapet” // Internet resource: http://www.vokrugsveta.ru/vs/article/7869/; "Trench" weapons. Fig. "Buried" weapon of S. Douglas // http://redstory.ru/war/ardashev/88.html].

The bipod and periscope in these devices are single-function and non-interchangeable: both "specialized" devices are attached to the small arms simultaneously, while the optical axis of the monoperiscope lens is oriented invariably parallel to the aiming line (parallel to the barrel of the weapon) for aiming, and the bipod - only for its purpose - as support of the barrel of the weapon, which leads to overestimated weight and size indicators of the complex.

However, the specific L-shaped design of the weapon itself, with its bulkiness and lack of small arms currently used in the list, makes the problem of its development irrelevant. The claimed technical solution is proposed in the framework of non-trench (neo-dig) weapons with the method of aiming directly through the periscope as the main sight.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed technical solution is the use of a periscope observation device for its intended purpose - for observation from a shelter [Nikiforov NN, Turkin PI, Zherebtsov AA, Galienko SG / Under the total. ed. Chistyakova M.N. - M .: Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1953. - S. 10-12, Fig. 192 (See. Internet resource: http://armor.kiev.ua/lib/artilery/08/].

The disadvantages of the prototype should be attributed, as noted above, its single-function, which in conventional combat, reconnaissance and sabotage operations, associated with self-defense and attack, the need for personal long-barreled small arms with a bipod (with a method of firing with a non-periscope sight). Thus, there is a "narrowness", the limitations of the known use of the periscope. The prototype is not yet perfect enough in its tactical and technical (technical and operational) and economic (cost) characteristics.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed, is to improve the tactical, technical (technical and operational) and economic (cost) characteristics of the shooting and observation complex "long-barreled small arms - bipod-periscope" by expanding the functional purpose of the periscope, streamlining the layout of the specified complex using the principle of multifunctionality, convenience and efficiency of installation and replacement of component parts.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that, according to the claimed invention, it is proposed to use a periscope observation device as a bipod for long-barreled small arms.

In order to solve this problem, an additional feature is also proposed (with the main formulated above): the use of a stereoscopic tube as a special case of a periscope device as a bipod for long-barrel small arms. This allows you to maximize the positive effect (technical, tactical, technical and economic result), since the predominant type of bipod is Λ-shaped, that is, with two adjustable legs that are adjustable in working order, which successfully coincides with the V-shape of the stereoscopic tube in its working state - with a non-zero camber angle.

Among the known methods of using the devices and the devices proper for their implementation, no such combination of essential features would coincide with the declared one. At the same time, it is due to the latter that a new technical result is achieved in accordance with the task.

The claimed use of a known device (device) for a new purpose is explained (by the example of a stereoscopic pipe) in the drawings:

in FIG. 1 schematically shows a two-functional (universal) stereoscopic tube (generally and briefly “periscope”) in a working (V-shaped state, view from the side of a fighter user, where α is the camber angle of the tube legs);

in FIG. 2 - the same side view (right);

in FIG. 3 - the device of FIG. 1 in a three-functional version (with handles);

in FIG. 4 - under-barrel installation (in the working position with support on the ground) of a three-functional periscope on a long-barrel small arms for the periscope to perform the functions of an Λ-shaped gun bipod; front view of the weapon;

in FIG. 5 - the same, a fragment of a side view (right);

in FIG. 6 - under-barrel installation of a three-functional periscope on a long-barreled small arms to perform the functions of an Λ-shaped bipod bipod with the periscope, side view (right) in the folded / inoperative, otherwise - transport, position.

In this case, the following designations are introduced (positions on the drawings of the claimed universal device):

1, 2 - left and right identical tubes of a V-shaped periscopic optical system, they are also Λ-shaped openers with an angle α of camber of the tube-legs; 3, 4 - left and right eyepieces of the optical system; 5, 6 - left and right lenses (entrance pupils) of the optical system; 7, 8 - mirrors or prisms with the left and right eyepieces, respectively; 9, 10 - mirrors or prisms with left and right lenses (entrance pupil), respectively; 11, 12, 13 - optical axis of the left periscope; 14, 15, 16 - optical axis of the right periscope; 17, 18 - protective caps of the left and right eyepieces, respectively (on flexible ties-leads - the latter are not shown); 19, 20 - protective caps of the left and right lenses, respectively (on flexible ties-leashes - the latter are not shown); 21, 22 - supporting heels of the opener legs 1 and 2, respectively; 23 - a common basis; 24 - hinge angle adjustment α; 25 - device (mechanism) for adjusting the angle of camber α; 26 - ball joint or joint system; 27 - retainer of the ball joint (one of the retainers of the joints); 28 - base lock (universal for a tripod or other tripod and the seat of a long-barreled small arms or clamp for one of these mates plus an adapter for the other of these mates); 29, 30 - left and right non-metal handles of coaxial tube legs 1 and 2, respectively (as an option); 31 - a seat for a device on a long-barrel small arms (barrel, bed or other); 32 is a symbol for the eye of a fighter-user device; 33 - soil in the place of support of the weapon by means of a universal device in the "bipod" mode.

The use of the device for its main known purpose is no different from that in the prototype: a weapon - separately ("by itself"), a periscopic (stereoscopic) pipe - also separately ("by itself"). A fighter, temporarily not using small arms, observes from a trench or similar specialized shelter, exposing the lenses (pupils) 5, 6 of the stereoscopic tube above the parapet / shaft and looking into the eyepieces 3, 4 below the level (at a distance between the parallel optical axes 13, 16 and 11, 14. For example, according to the aforementioned Fig. 192 in the source with the description of the prototype, the stereoscopic tube can be mounted on a tripod or other standard tripod (not shown) and guided in azimuth and elevation through its base 23, fix the sator 27 and the hinge (s) 26 with the latch 27, or hold hands, for example, at the base of the tubes 1 and 2. Of course, in this mode, the dual-function (universal) device, the fighter orientates in space in a V-shape (see Fig. 1-3) The fighter adjusts the angle α of the collapse of the pipes according to the distance between his pupils, according to the maximum sharpness of the image or the reference dial of the angular scale.For observation, the protective caps of the optics (eyepieces and lenses) 17-20 must be removed (hung on a standard flexible connection).

Since the fighter does not use weapons in this mode, the bipod function is not yet required.

In the rest of the operating time (first of all, after the observation and reconnaissance made by the fighter), the fighter sets up a weapon on the seat 31 of the weapon with a Λ-shaped orientation (that is, in a position rotated in a vertical plane 180 ° under the barrel of the weapon) when wearing protective caps 17-20 and through its base 23 and retainer 28 (see Fig. 4, 5). Or an adapter geometrically adapted to the seat of 31 specific weapons, which already relates to design refinement and is now obvious to a specialist in this field of technology. From this moment it begins to functionally correspond to the bipod of the weapon and the latter can be used for shooting. In this case, the role of bipod legs interacting with soil 33 is played by tubes 1 and 2, and the role of supporting heels 21 and 22 of the bipod is played by the ends of tubes 1, 2 and protective caps 19, 20 of lenses 5, 6.

For the practical implementation of the claimed invention, it is recommended that a simplified ("light") type of stereoscopic optical system without magnification or with a small magnification, with a relatively small diameter of tubes 1 and 2, with mirrors or only prisms 7-10 or a minimum number of small lenses, characterized by small mass and size indicators . Such simplified optical systems have long been known and have been / are used [see source with a description of the prototype, p. 190-191; Sergey Monetchikov // Internet resource: http://bratishka.ru/archiv/2007/9/2007_9_8.php; S. Douglas rifle referred to in the peer review].

If at the same time we use the well-known combination of the bipod with the handles 29, 30, then together we get one tri-functional device.

It is also recommended the operation of such a universal device mainly in the bipod mode in combat operations (removing and transferring to periscope mode only if necessary) and mainly as a periscope in reconnaissance operations.

Other applications are not ruled out within the framework of the claimed sets of essential features.

The choice of a specific option from those proposed when using the invention depends on the spectrum of tactical, technical and economic requirements and is made in each case.

The use of the invention allows to improve the tactical, technical and economic characteristics of the periscope and a special complex as a whole due to the constructive and functional combination of these tools in one quick-detachable node, as a result of which, from one or two-functional (the initial combination of the bipod with the handle) devices are converted into two or three-functional, with the natural improvement of weight and size and cost indicators, convenience and speed of changing operating modes.

Claims (2)

1. The use of a periscope observation device as a bipod for long-barreled small arms. 2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the periscope device used as a bipod for long-barreled small arms is a stereoscopic tube.

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