RU2603246C1 - Cartridgeless automatic gun with bullet chamber of variable volume - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to small arms, particularly to a cartridgeless automatic gun. Cartridgeless automatic gun comprises a barrel, a body with a gas vent, a pre-barrel part, a breech frame, a breech wedge, a bullet chamber bolt, a wedge seat, a powder plug and a bullet magazine. Gun is made with the possibility of separate loading of powder and a bullet into different parts of the gun. Powder is loaded into a powder receiving chamber, and a bullet - into the pre-barrel part, from where bullets move into the barrel. Powder from the receiving chamber moves into the bullet chamber, where combustion takes place and where from powder gases through a gas-discharge piston of the bullet chamber bolt enter the barrel, where they bring the bullet into motion. Inside the bullet chamber bolt, by the bullet chamber bolt carriage movement, caused is variation of: the bullet chamber volume, the powder receiving chamber volume, the powder plug limiting piston stroke pitch value and the volume of loaded powder from the powder plug into the powder receiving chamber.

EFFECT: provided is higher ammunition load of the gun.

1 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to automatic weapons and can be used in all types of automatic weapons: submachine guns, machine guns, light and heavy machine guns, heavy machine guns.

In modern weapons, a unitary cartridge is used. The main disadvantage of a unitary cartridge is the need for a sleeve having a very significant weight (up to 2/3 of the cartridge), requiring a capsule, laborious to manufacture and material intensive. Therefore, the rejection of a metal sleeve promises quite obvious benefits.

Known examples of sleeveless weapons. For example: G11 - a promising assault rifle for shellless ammunition; Italian submachine gun SV-M2 under the caseless cartridge AUPO; automatic sleeveless gun Gerasimenko VAG-73.

All of these systems used shellless ammunition, essentially a shellless cartridge, which is a single construction of gunpowder and bullet.

The well-known 5.56-mm “sleeveless” rifle C30R designed by C. Biordish, the Australian company Armcourt, in which the bullet and powder charge were not integral. The rifle is built according to the “bullpup” scheme with the location of a plastic disk magazine inside the butt. The store itself served as a "sleeve", or rather, a "chamber" for several cartridges: in its 30 sectors radial chambers were made, in which bullets were placed, surrounded by charges of granular powder, and a capsule was placed at the bottom of each bullet. The drummer was located at the axis of the disk, the disk was rotated by a weapon automation system or from the trigger mechanism. Automatic rifle operated due to the recoil of the barrel with a short stroke.

In this system, each bullet, a portion of gunpowder and capsules are located together in a separate sector-chamber, therefore, this system, in principle, could not realize all the advantages that the principle of separation of a powder charge and a bullet in automatic weapon-free weapons gives.

The invention presented here is an automatic weapon-free weapon with separate loading of gunpowder and bullet into the weapon, which allows to maximize the benefits that this principle gives and which are fundamentally unattainable for systems that use cartridge case, cartridge case-less cartridges, or batch placement of ammunition elements, namely, the possibility of one weapons use different in length and, consequently, mass bullets, buckshot and powder charges different in mass.

In the invention of the cartridge-free automatic weapon that is presented here, the powder is loaded from the powder cartridge into the powder-receiving chamber formed by the movement of the chamber shutter back under the pressure of the spent powder gases, from where a portion of the powder moves into the chamber formed by the reciprocal movement of the chamber shutter forward under the influence of the return spring, where it occurs combustion.

To ensure the continuity of the process of loading powder from the powder cartridge during the process of decreasing powder as a result of firing, the area in the powder cartridge where the powder is located is reduced by the movement of the restrictive piston of the powder cartridge as the powder is consumed, concentrating the remaining powder in the area of loading of powder from the powder cartridge into the powder reception chamber .

The volume of the powder chamber formed by the rear and side walls of the camcorder shutter, the upper and lower walls of the receiver and the bolt wedge raised upward, and the volume of the chamber formed by the front and side walls of the camcorder shutter, the upper and lower walls of the barrel and the bolt raised upwards, where the burning of gunpowder is variable, the step of movement of the restrictive piston in the powder cartridge is also variable, and therefore, the volume of powder loaded from the powder cartridge is variable , in the powder reception chamber, thus, the volume of powder discharged from the powder cartridge corresponds exactly to the volume of the powder receiving chamber and the volume of the chamber, where it then moves.

The volume of the powder reception chamber, the volume of the chamber, and the volume of the powder discharged from the powder cartridge are set to the required value depending on the set ballistic characteristics of the weapon.

FIG. 1, FIG. 2 are diagrams showing the main parts and components of the automatic weapon mechanism and the ratio of these parts and components to each other with a maximum chamber size.

FIG. 3, FIG. 4 are diagrams showing the main parts and components of an automatic weapon mechanism and the relationship of these parts and components with a minimum chamber size.

FIG. 5, FIG. 6 are diagrams showing the shape, structure and relationships between each other, the camera shutter and the camera carriage in different angles and sections.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the shape and structure of the camera shutter in different angles.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the shape and structure of a cam carriage.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the structure of the powder cartridge, parts and assemblies of the powder cartridge, the relationship between parts and assemblies of the powder cartridge, parts and assemblies of the movement mechanism of the restrictive piston of the powder cartridge, and the relationship between parts and assemblies of the movement mechanism of the restrictive piston of the powder cartridge and the lever of the carriage carriage.

FIG. 10, FIG. 11 are diagrams showing the principle of operation of the mechanism of movement of the restriction piston of the powder cartridge under the influence of the movement of the lever of the carriage of the chamber during forward and reverse stroke of the shutter of the chamber, and the dependence of the step of the stroke of the restriction piston of the powder cartridge on the position of the carriage of the chamber inside the shutter of the chamber and, resulting in the equality of the volume of shifted powder the restrictive piston of the powder cartridge and the volume of powder loaded into the powder reception chamber to the volume of the powder reception chamber and the chamber volume.

An automatic weapon-free weapon with a variable-volume camera consists of:

1) barrel 1 with duct duct 2 on top of it;

2) predvolelya 3 - parts of the barrel, or a separate part adjacent to the barrel, with an internal channel of a larger diameter than the caliber of the barrel, located on the same axis with the barrel channel, and with a bullet-receiving slot for supplying bullets from a holder that is joined to the front wall of the receiver ;

3) a bullet clip 4, which is joined with the front arm;

4) the receiver 5, with the front wall of which is joined: the forehead and the exhaust channel 2; on top of the powder cartridge 6; the back is a plug with a return spring 7. The receiver is the bottom and the cover of the powder chamber 8, in which the shutter of the chamber 9 moves. The bottom, cover and side walls 10 of the receiver create a piston chamber in which powder gases from the exhaust channel press against the shutter of the chamber 9. In the receiver cover there is: on top, a slot for supplying gunpowder from the powder cartridge; bottom, a slot for the stroke of the shutter handle of the chamber 12; bottom, a slot for the movement of the bolt wedge 13; cuts from the sides, for the release of powder gases from the piston chamber, composed by the bottom, cover and side walls 10 of the receiver, when the shutter chamber reaches its extreme position when reversing. In the front part of the receiver there is an opening 15 for the entrance of the gas piston 16 in the slat and an opening for the entrance of the powder gases into the piston chamber 17 from the above-barrel gas exhaust channel 2;

5) the shutter chamber 9, moving inside the receiver 5 and consisting of: a gas piston 16 that is included in the straight front wall of the shutter chamber 24, which extracts the bullet from the holder in the front 4 and pushes the bullet further into the barrel 1; a back wall 25 with through cutouts 28 for guiding the carriage of the chamber; side walls 26 having recess channels 29 for the side rods of the carriage 34; frame 27, opening and locking the powder cartridge 6; cam shutter handles 12;

6) the shutter carriage of the chamber 30, consisting of: a piston of the shutter carriage of the chamber 31, having a beveled rear portion 32, which it presses on the bolt wedge 13, when the chamber shutter moves backward under the influence of powder gases; through the piston of the shutter chamber 31 passes through the channel 33, which includes a gas piston 16 and through which the powder gases from the chamber pass into the barrel; lateral rods 34 included in the channels-recesses of the carriage of the chamber 29 and extending beyond the rear wall of the shutter of the chamber through the cutouts 28; the rear frame of the cam carriage 35, to which the rods 34 are attached; the camcorder carriage lever 36 extending beyond the receiver;

7) the mechanism of movement of the carriage of the chamber, consisting of a drive 40 located on the handle of the shutter chamber 12; a bevel gear with intersecting axes 41, through which the rotation of the actuator 40 is transmitted to a helical gear 42 consisting of a bolt 44 and a nut 43 attached to the rear frame of the cam carriage 35;

8) a powder cartridge 6, consisting of: housing 50; a cutout in the housing 51, through which the supply of gunpowder from the powder cartridge into the powder chamber; the restrictive piston of the powder cartridge 52, the shaft 53, which drives the restrictive piston 52, at the end of which there is a gear 54, constituting a gear conical gear with intersecting axes with the wheel 55; the lever of the powder cartridge 56 connected to the wheel 55 through a ratchet mechanism; powder cartridge return spring 57.

The change in the volume of the powder reception chamber and chamber is achieved by translational movement inside the shutter of the chamber 9 of the shutter carriage of the chamber shutter 30. Thus, the dimensions of the powder reception chamber and chamber are determined by the current position of the piston of the chamber carriage 31 relative to the rear wall of the chamber shutter 25. FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6.

The shutter carriage 30 of the chamber moves progressively under the influence of the rotation of the actuator 40 located on the handle of the shutter of the chamber 12, the rotation of which is transmitted through a bevel gear with intersecting axes 41 to a helical gear 42 consisting of a bolt 44 and a nut 43 attached to the rear frame of the chamber carriage 35 The translational movement of the nut 43 is transmitted to the rear frame of the chamber carriage 35 attached to it. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. four.

The translational movement of the restrictive piston of the powder cartridge 52 occurs due to the rotation of the shaft 53, which is driven by the rotation of the gear 54 located thereon, which constitutes a gear conical gear with intersecting axes with the wheel 55. The rotation of the wheel 55 occurs under the influence of the lever of the powder cartridge 56 connected to it. The lever of the powder cartridge 56 moves under the influence of the pressure lever of the shutter carriage of the chamber 36 when the chamber shutter moves backward under the influence of spent powder gases. FIG. 9, FIG. 10, FIG. eleven.

When the camcorder shutter returns, the lever of the powder cartridge 56, as the pressure of the cam carriage lever 36 is weakened on it, freely moves back under the influence of the return spring of the lever of the powder cartridge 57. When the cam lever 56 returns, the lever of the powder cartridge 56 does not rotate the wheel 55, since it is connected with him through the ratchet mechanism. FIG. 9, FIG. 10, FIG. eleven.

Depending on the given volume of the chamber, the initial position of the lever of the carriage of the chamber 36 to the axis of rotation of the wheel 55 will be different. The smaller the set chamber volume, the closer the cam carriage lever 36 will be closer to the axis of rotation of the wheel 55. Thus, the angle by which the cam carriage lever 36 will rotate the wheel 55 will depend on the set chamber volume (angles q1 and q2), respectively, the distances that the restriction piston of the powder cartridge 52 (a1 and a2) will shift will vary and depend on the given chamber volume. FIG. 10, FIG. eleven.

Thus, when loading the powder from the powder cartridge 6, the supply of powder will be ensured by the fact that in the formed powder reception chamber when the shutter of the chamber 9 moves, a rarefaction area will arise between the back wall of the chamber shutter and the shutter wedge raised upward, sucking the powder from the powder cartridge into the opening powder-receiving chamber chamber, and with its forward movement, the restriction piston of the powder cartridge 52 will push the powder in the direction of the cutout 51, through which the powder from the powder cartridge and will enter the chamber porohopriemnuyu in an amount equal to its volume, filling it completely.

Claims (1)

Cartridge-free automatic weapons with separate loading of gunpowder and bullet, gunpowder into the gunpowder chamber in different parts of the gun, bullets in the foreground, from where the bullet moves to the barrel, gunpowder moves into the chamber, where the powder burns, from where the powder gases through the gas-conducting piston of the chamber shutter enter the barrel , where the bullet is driven in motion, comprising: a barrel, a box with a gas channel, a front side, a receiver, a bolt, a cam shutter, a wedge socket, a powder cartridge, a bullet clip, characterized in that In the morning of the chamber shutter, the movement of the chamber shutter carriage changes the chamber volume, the volume of the powder receiving chamber, the step size of the restriction piston in the powder cartridge and the volume of the loaded powder from the powder cartridge into the powder receiving chamber.

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