RU2602774C1 - System for monitoring operation of submersible pump equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oil industry, namely, to automated systems for monitoring operation of electric centrifugal pump units (ECPS). Control system comprises automated workstations (AWS), unit of manual data input, database of operative control (DB OR), reference database (DB NSI), unit for displaying and reporting, characterised by that, it additionally comprises an administration unit, a unit for formatting data, a telemetry database (DB), telemetry data collection unit, module for maintenance of objects and reference data (NSI), a unit for maintenance of objects, unit for maintenance of NSI, viscosity analysis module, unit for analysis of viscosity on formation, unit for analysis of viscosity on well, module for calculating pressure-flow characteristics (NRH), unit for calculation based on telemetry data, unit for analysis of operating mode of submersible pump equipment (PNA), prediction unit.

EFFECT: enabling adaptation characteristics of ECPS depending on factors of formation-well characteristics.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

A control system for the operation of submersible pumping equipment is designed to monitor the condition of equipment at an oil field.

The invention relates to the oil industry, in particular to automated systems for monitoring the operation of electric centrifugal pump units (ESPs) operated during oil production, which allow automatic collection of information from telemetry systems, predicting the behavior of pumping equipment, and reporting on changes in their operational characteristics.

There are known systems that could be used to solve a similar problem provided that they are substantially modified and adapted to the specifics of the operation of oil producing enterprises.

For example, “Process Control System” (RF patent for utility model No. 15802). This utility model relates to automated process control systems that control changes in technological parameters from specified values, search for the causes of these deviations, as well as operational control of technological processes. The system compares the output process parameters with the data of the test cycle, acting as a sample. Based on the analysis, recommendations are made to eliminate these deviations. However, this system controls the output parameters of the final raw material, in particular at mining and processing plants, and is not intended to control technological equipment.

“Automated system for monitoring equipment” (patent for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 37851), designed to control technological equipment, collect and account for static information on instrumentation and automation devices, was selected as a prototype. The system monitors the operability of equipment throughout its entire life cycle. For this, an infological model is built on machine-oriented media using various enterprise databases with the ability to adjust information for each equipment. Also, the system includes the possibility of static processing of the embedded information according to the specified criteria. The disadvantages of the prototype include the lack of automatic recalculation of the technical characteristics of the controlled technological equipment depending on changes in operating conditions, as well as the prediction of their performance.

The task to which the invention is directed is to create a system for monitoring the operation of submersible pumping equipment (PNO) depending on changes in operating conditions, as well as predicting the operability of the equipment.

The technical result to which the invention is directed is to adapt the values of the characteristics of the ESPs depending on the factors of the reservoir-well characteristics and, as a result, increase the reliability of the data of the extracted raw materials.

The problem is solved in that a control system for the operation of submersible pumping equipment, including automated workstations (AWS), a manual data entry unit, an operational control database (DB OR), a database of normative and reference information (DB NSI), a visualization and formation unit reports according to the invention further comprises an administration unit, a data formatting unit, a telemetry database (DB), a telemetry data collection unit, a module for maintaining accounting objects and reference information (NSI), b ok maintenance of accounting objects, a unit for conducting NSI, a module for studying viscosity, a block for studying viscosity for a reservoir, a block for studying viscosity for a well, a module for calculating pressure-flow characteristics (NRH), a block for calculating data based on telemetry data, a block for analyzing the operating mode of submersible pumping equipment ( PNO), a forecasting unit, wherein the AWP is connected to the administration unit, the administration unit is connected to the manual data input unit, the first output of the manual data input unit is connected to the data formatting unit, the second output is manual data entry is connected with the module of accounting objects and NSI, the data formatting unit is connected with the OR database, the data collection unit is connected with the telemetry database, the telemetry database is connected with the data formatting unit, the OR database is interconnected with the module for maintaining accounting objects and NSI, the viscosity research module , the NRH calculation module, the module for maintaining accounting objects and NSIs are interconnected with the NSI database, the NRH calculation module is connected with the visualization and reporting unit, the visualization and reporting unit is connected to the workstation, as well as the module for maintaining the accounting objects and NSI in includes a unit for maintaining accounting objects, a unit for maintaining NSI, a module for researching viscosity includes a block for studying viscosity for a reservoir, a block for studying viscosity for a well, a module for calculating NRX includes a block for calculating telemetry data, a block for analyzing the operating mode of a PNO, a block forecasting, moreover, the calculation unit based on telemetry data is connected to the analysis unit of the PNO operation mode, the analysis block of the PNO operation mode is connected to the forecasting block.

Functional modules of the system shown in figure 1.

The system contains:

- AWP 1;

- Administration unit 2,

- Manual data entry unit 3,

- Data formatting unit 4,

- Telemetry database (telemetry database) 5,

- Telemetry data acquisition unit 6,

- Database of operational control (DB OR) 7,

- A module for maintaining accounting objects and NSI 8, consisting of a block for maintaining accounting objects 8.1 and a block for maintaining NSI 8.2,

- Database of reference information (DB NSI) 9,

- A viscosity study module 10, consisting of a Block 10.1 for viscosity studies and a Block 10.2 for viscosity studies,

- The module for calculating the pressure-flow rate characteristics (NRH) 11, consisting of a calculation block based on telemetry data 11.1, an analysis block for the operation mode of the PND 11.2, and a prediction block 11.3,

- Block visualization and reporting 12.

Functional purpose and operation of system blocks:

AWPs 1 - automated workstations of users involved in the control processes of technological equipment.

Administration block 2 controls user access to the system. This block contains sets of rights for various categories of users.

The manual data input unit 3 is intended for manual data entry. The main function of the unit is to maintain the system, adjust existing data, as well as provide data not received from telemetry.

The data formatting unit 4 determines the form and order of receipt and transmission of data from telemetry systems, and is also intended for filtering data. Data filtering is a selective deletion of points whose values do not correspond to those acceptable from a physical point of view.

Telemetry database 5 is an information model that allows you to orderly store data received from telemetry. The main function is the storage and provision of operational data.

The telemetry data acquisition unit 6 interacts with automated process control systems and provides the necessary telemetry information on the values of the technological parameters of the equipment used in the production facilities. Human resources are not involved in the data collection, thereby eliminating the possibility of entering incorrect information. Automatic data collection increases the reliability of data and the speed of their receipt in the system.

DB OK 7 interacts with blocks for centralized collection and transmission of information for the purpose of further data processing.

The module for maintaining accounting objects and NSI 8 is intended for the formation of a register of equipment that describes the necessary attributes, characteristics, as well as working with NSI.

Block maintenance of accounting objects 8 provides the maintenance of registers of accounting objects PNO. For each type of PNO, a set of mandatory characteristics and parameters is provided. The block provides the ability to view the data obtained by calculating the new IOF, manual adjustment of the PNO values.

The unit for maintaining NSI 8.2 allows you to make changes to the values of the reference data, as well as to obtain the requested information from the database of the NSI.

Database NSI 9 contains the hierarchical structure of the used technological equipment, their attributes and characteristics. Also, the database of the NSI 9 contains the regulated normative reference and acceptance documents: names of test methods, GOSTs, methods, instructions, etc.

The viscosity study module 10 is designed to generate a list of viscosity research results for a well and a formation.

Block viscosity studies in the reservoir 10.1 contains the results of studies of viscosity in the reservoir: the dependence of the dynamic viscosity of the fluid in the reservoir from the temperature of the reservoir. Research results are obtained in a chemical analytical laboratory.

Block viscosity studies for the well 10.2 contains the results of studies of the kinematic viscosity of the wellhead sample in wells. The block provides the ability to view the results of viscosity studies obtained from telemetry, and manually adjust the values if necessary.

The NRX 11 calculation module is intended for automated calculations, which describes the necessary algorithms.

The calculation unit based on telemetry data 11.1 allows you to calculate the operating mode of submersible pumping equipment and recalculate the pressure-flow characteristics taking into account the physicochemical properties of the produced fluid based on telemetry data.

The pump operating mode is the coordinates (Q, H), where Q is the current flow rate of the fluid, and H is the current head calculated by the formula:

where N is the pressure, m;

P _admission - pressure at admission, atm;

R _mouth - pressure on the mouth (buffer pressure), atm;

ρ is the density of the produced fluid, kg / m ³ ;

g is the acceleration of gravity equal to 10 m / s ² ;

h is the absolute depth of the pump (formula 2.1, 2.2), m;

S is the length of the calculated section of the pipeline, m;

d is the inner diameter of the pipeline, mm;

Q is the fluid flow rate;

µ _to - kinematic viscosity of the wellhead test, reduced to standard conditions, Santistokes (cSt).

Based on inclinometry data, absolute depth is iteratively calculated.

where h is the absolute depth, m;

L is the measured length along the wellbore from the wellhead, m;

θ - zenith angle, deg.

Continue the iteration until the measured length along the wellbore (L) does not exceed the depth of the pump (S). The last calculation is carried out for L _i > S, then we take L _i = S. The final value obtained will be the absolute depth of the pump.

To recalculate the head by viscosity, the coefficient of change of the head of the pump has the form:

where In - the water content of the product,%;

µ _p - dynamic viscosity of oil in reservoir conditions, Pa * s. The dynamic viscosity of oil in reservoir conditions is determined depending on the current temperature at the pump inlet. The average value is taken as the dynamic viscosity of oil under reservoir conditions. To determine the average value, the latest dynamic viscosity data are taken in reservoir conditions for all wells for which data are available. At temperatures above 100 ° C, the dynamic viscosity varies slightly, therefore, the average value of the dynamic viscosity of the fluid in the reservoir at 100 ° C is taken as the dynamic viscosity of oil in reservoir conditions;

µ _mouth - dynamic viscosity of the wellhead sample, reduced to standard conditions, Pa * s;

Q is the fluid flow rate at the inlet to the pump;

Q _oB is the optimal pump flow on the water (ie, the flow in the optimal mode according to the "water" characteristic of the pump).

Recalculation of the nominal pressure and flow characteristics of the pump at a given frequency, taking into account the viscosity of the produced fluid, is carried out according to the following formulas:

where Q ₁ is the nominal flow rate (at 50 Hz), m ³ / day;

Q ₂ - calculated flow rate, m ³ / day;

F ₁ - rated frequency equal to 50 Hz;

F ₂ is the calculated frequency, Hz;

H ₁ - nominal pressure (at 50 Hz), m;

N ₂ - design head, m;

K _H - coefficient of change of pump head due to the influence of viscosity.

The PNO 11.2 operating mode analysis unit allows you to determine the optimal operation of submersible pumping equipment relative to its working area based on the current operating mode calculated on telemetry data.

Prediction block 11.3 contains algorithms that allow you to calculate the prediction of failure of the PNO. The main functionality of this unit is in predicting and warning the user about the imminent failure of the PNO if the PNO operation mode is not changed.

The visualization and reporting unit 12 is intended for generating calculation results for further analysis in a convenient form in real time, as well as for visualizing reports in tabular and graphical forms.

The system operates as follows.

A new object (well) is introduced into the database of the NSI 9 through the Manual Data Entry Block 3 and the Module for Maintaining Accounting Objects and NSI 8, the characteristics of this object, other regulatory and reference information are filled in, and the submersible pumping equipment operated at this object is also tied. For each pumping equipment, its passport characteristics and test results are filled.

The telemetry data from the telemetry database 9, having passed the formatting and filtering procedure, passes through the OP 7 database into the Viscosity Research Module 10, where the well kinematic viscosity of the wellhead sample is determined in the Well Viscosity Block 10.2. Using the same module, the results of reservoir viscosity studies, obtained in a chemical analytical laboratory, are introduced. The results of the viscosity studies at the wellhead for each well are sent to the OR 7 database, and the user who has the appropriate rights can correct them if necessary.

Then, in the Calculations Module НРХ 11 according to the formula (3), the pressure conversion factor is calculated. Given this coefficient, the current supply frequency of submersible pumping equipment and formulas (4) and (5), the pressure and flow characteristics of the pump and the boundaries of the optimal pump operating zone are recalculated. It also calculates the current head generated by submersible pumping equipment for the produced fluid.

Knowing the calculated head and fluid flow rate obtained from telemetry, the location of the flow-rate point relative to the calculated boundaries of the optimal pump operation and pressure-flow characteristics is determined (block 11.2).

Depending on the location of the flow-rate point relative to the boundaries of the optimal operation of the submersible pumping equipment, the pump is predicted to soon fail. When the debit-pressure point goes beyond the limits of optimal pump operation, the user is notified of non-optimal pump operation. The information received through the Visualization and Reporting Unit is sent to AWP 1 for the user.

Ultimately, the invention allows:

- monitor the current operating mode of the pump unit;

- display the pressure-flow characteristics of the pump unit, calculated taking into account the viscosity and temperature of the produced fluid;

- display the boundaries of the working area of the pumping unit installed on the well.

Possessing the information provided, specialists can timely respond to situations and make the right decisions, thereby allowing to obtain the following effect:

- increase the overhaul period of equipment;

- reduce the cost of repair of ESP;

- reduce the energy costs of the ESP;

- and generally ensure stable production.

Claims (1)

A system for monitoring the operation of submersible pumping equipment, including automated workstations (AWS), a manual data input unit, an operational control database (DB OR), a database of normative and reference information (DB NSI), a visualization and reporting unit, characterized in that it additionally contains an administration unit, a data formatting unit, a telemetry database (DB), a telemetry data collection unit, a module for maintaining accounting objects and reference information (NSI), a unit for maintaining accounting objects, a block in NSI, module for studying viscosity, block for studying viscosity for a reservoir, block for studying viscosity for a well, module for calculating pressure and flow characteristics (ILC), a block for calculating data based on telemetry data, a block for analyzing the operating mode of submersible pumping equipment (PNO), a forecasting unit, moreover, the workstation is connected to the administration unit, the administration unit is connected to the manual data input unit, the first output of the manual data input unit is connected to the data formatting unit, the second output of the manual data input unit is connected to m a module of accounting objects and NSI, the data formatting unit is connected to the OR database, the data collection unit is connected to the telemetry database, the telemetry database is connected to the data formatting unit, the OR database is interconnected with the module for maintaining accounting objects and NSI, the viscosity research module, the NRH calculation module, the module maintaining objects of accounting and NSI is interconnected with the database of NSI, the NRX calculation module is connected with the visualization and reporting unit, the visualization and reporting unit is connected with the workstation, and the module of maintaining accounting and NSI objects includes a unit for maintaining the objects metering unit, NSI reference unit, viscosity research module includes a unit for viscosity analysis for a reservoir, a unit for viscosity studies for a well, a module for calculating NRH includes a calculation unit based on telemetry data, a unit for analyzing the operating mode of a PNO, a forecasting unit, and a calculation unit based on telemetry data, it is connected to the PNO operating mode analysis unit, the PNO operating mode analysis unit is connected to the forecasting unit.

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