RU2597079C1 - Airlift - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ecology; engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to structural elements of plants for biological treatment of domestic waste waters using water-sludge mixture. Air lift includes portion of “compressed air feed pipeline” and “liquid feed pipeline” parts having adapter between each other, which internal channel connects cavities of these pipelines sections to make air supply pipeline into area of its supply, and in part of “liquid feed pipeline” is mixing zone of fluid with air. At that, part of internal channel of adapter is made in form of truncated cone oriented with top to part of liquid supply pipeline cavity.

EFFECT: airlift higher reliability, longer life, increased fail-safe operation of domestic sewage effluents biological treatment plants.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to structural elements of biological wastewater treatment plants using a water-sludge mixture.

Various constructions of airlifts are known (see "Polytechnical Dictionary", ed. "Soviet Encyclopedia", Moscow, 80, p. 100) with a ring or central scheme for supplying compressed air to a liquid. With any scheme for supplying compressed air to a liquid, the latter is lifted due to the energy of air mixed with it.

The disadvantage of such airlifts is the low reliability of operation due to a possible violation of the mixing mode, resulting from the manifestation of the effect of the reverse discharge of mixed liquid in the air supply pipe. This leads to clogging of the compressed air supply pipe with suspended contaminants contained in the pumped liquid during pumping, as well as when the airlift is stopped and the remaining pumped liquid is returned back with the particles in it in suspension. As a result, the reliability of the airlift is reduced.

Known airlift (see US Pat. PM PM No. 53283, IPC C02F 3/06, publ. 05/10/2006) containing a housing in the form of a pipe with open inlet and outlet ends and a nozzle connected to the compressed air supply pipe and located on the surface of the pipe in the area of the inlet end, while the nozzle is equipped with a tee fixed from the inlet end of the nozzle, and the tee is provided with a passage channel, the nozzle is made in the form of a side channel of the tee, and a L-shaped nozzle connected to the compressed air supply pipe is fixed at the entrance to the side channel .

In fact, as follows from the description of the utility model and its formula, the airlift has two parts: the “compressed air supply pipe” part and the “liquid supply pipe” part, each having an adapter pipe with an internal channel connecting the internal cavities of these parts, forming there are zones, of which: in the “compressed air supply pipe” part, an air supply zone is formed in the “liquid supply pipe” part, and in the latter, a zone of mixing the liquid with air is formed. At the same time, the reliability and ease of operation and assembly of the airlift depend on the design of these parts of the pipelines and the adapter, which can be very difficult to achieve due to difficulties in eliminating the effect of the reverse discharge of mixed liquid through the adapter into the part of the “air supply pipeline” to the “air supply into part of the "fluid supply pipe".

This known airlift is selected as a prototype, as it has the largest number of essential features that match the claimed invention. However, the prototype has significant disadvantages, namely:

- it has low reliability in operation due to a possible violation of the mixing mode, resulting from the manifestation of the effect of the reverse discharge of mixed liquid into the "air supply pipe", which is due to the inability to prevent clogging by suspensions that may be in the pumped liquid coming from the liquid from the part "Fluid supply pipe" to the air supply area of the "fluid supply pipe". This is especially pronounced when the airlift is stopped, and the remains of the pumped liquid are returned back together with the particles in it in the suspended state to the air supply zone of the "fluid supply pipeline".

The objective of the present invention is the modernization of the known airlift with the following technical result: improving the reliability of the airlift in operation by preventing part of the "fluid supply pipe" from the pumped liquid residues with suspensions suspended in it from entering the air supply zone when the airlift is stopped.

The problem is solved as follows: in the well-known airlift containing part of the "compressed air supply pipe" and part of the "fluid supply pipe" having an adapter between themselves, the inner channel of which connects the cavities of these parts of the pipelines, forming a zone of it in the part of the "air supply pipe" supply, and in the part of the "fluid supply pipe" - the zone of mixing the liquid with air, ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION, a part of the internal channel of the adapter is made in the form of a truncated cone directed by the apex in The part of the "fluid supply line".

Such a new technical solution, with all its essential features, makes it possible to obtain a new airlift design that creates a new unexpected technical result, which consists in increasing the reliability of airlift functioning by preventing the remnants of the pumped liquid containing particles contained in it from entering the part of the “air supply pipeline” suspended state during the operation of the airlift and its stop.

This is achieved due to the fact that in the adapter part of the internal channel is made in the form of a truncated cone with a vertex directed to the part of the “liquid supply pipeline”, which allows significantly reducing the overflow of mixed liquid from the zone of its formation in the part of the “liquid supply pipeline” to the “pipeline” part air supply ", because due to the cone-shaped part of the internal channel of the adapter, a vibro-jet effect occurs, which consists in providing a significantly greater resistance of the flowing fluid in the direction of expansion rhenium part of the channel than in the direction of its narrowing. Moreover, in the direction from the larger aperture of the channel in the adapter to the aperture of a smaller diameter, it is possible to obtain a good compact jet of comparatively greater length at low energy losses. Thus, the conical converging part of the channel in the adapter allows you to increase the flow rate of the air flow at its low output speed. In addition, the narrowing of the channel in the adapter provides mechanical protection against large particles of debris that were previously able to penetrate into the air supply zone into the part of the "air supply pipe" and clog the hole for its uniform supply. At the same time, it should be noted that in the narrow part of the internal channel of the adapter, the static pressure of the flowing fluid is less than in its wide places. This means that when moving from a wider part of the pipe to a narrower degree of compression of the liquid, it decreases (pressure decreases), and when moving from a narrower part to a wider one, it increases (pressure increases).

This is explained by the fact that in the wide parts of the internal channel of the adapter, the liquid should flow more slowly than in the narrow ones, since the amount of liquid flowing over equal intervals of time is the same for all sections of the internal channel of the adapter. Therefore, when moving from a narrow part to a wide speed, the fluid decreases: the fluid slows down, as if leaking onto an obstacle, and its compression ratio (as well as its pressure) increases. On the contrary, when moving from a wide part of the internal channel of the adapter to a narrow fluid velocity, it increases and its compression decreases: the fluid, accelerating, behaves like a spring. Thus, the pressure of the fluid flowing through the internal channel of the adapter is greater where the fluid velocity is lower and vice versa: the pressure is lower where the fluid velocity is greater. Therefore, in our case, the Bernoulli law also takes place. It is applicable for both liquids and gases. Bernoulli’s law remains valid for the movement of fluid, not limited by the walls of the internal channel of the adapter, in the free flow of fluid. It should also be noted that air is sucked into a narrow part of the internal channel of the adapter, where the pressure is less than atmospheric, the jet cross section is large in those places where the streamlines diverge; where the stream cross section is smaller, the streamlines approach each other. As a result: in those places of the stream where the streamlines are denser, the pressure is less, and in those places where the stream lines are less frequent, the pressure is greater. In fact, it turns out like a water-jet pump, which does not have moving solid parts (such as a piston in conventional pumps), which is one of the advantages in this airlift.

The applicant conducted a patent search on this topic, which showed that the claimed combination of essential features is not known. Therefore, this technical solution can be considered new.

The present invention has an inventive step, as it is for a specialist not logically followed from the prior art. Although, it would seem, Bernoulli's law, the vibro-jet effect, and the Magnus effect are known. But their technical implementation in the aggregate on the adapter between the two parts of the airlift pipes turned out to be unusual and very effective, as it gives rise to an unexpected super-total technical result, which is not the sum of the known results that are characteristic of each effect individually. This follows from the fact that, on the one hand, the function of the conical part of the internal channel of the adapter between the two pipes in its direct application obeys the Bernoulli law when liquid passes through it, and on the other hand, there is a vibro-jet effect caused by both the conical part and vibration by the supply of water and air and vibration of the entire treatment device in which the airlift is located. This increases the reliability of the operation of the airlift, due to the prevention of the remnants of the pumped liquid containing particles suspended in it from entering the part of the “air supply pipeline”,

The practical applicability and essence of the claimed invention is illustrated below by the following description and drawing, in which the airlift is shown in section and where the positions indicate the following:

1 - part of the compressed air supply pipe;

2 - part of the fluid supply pipe;

3 - adapter;

4 - the internal channel of the adapter;

5 - part of the internal channel of the adapter;

6 - cavity part of the fluid supply pipe;

7 - cavity part of the air supply pipe.

Airlift contains part 1 "compressed air supply pipe" and part 2 "liquid supply pipe". These pipelines can have the same diameters and different and be made of different materials, for example, from polyethylene grades. Their cavities 6 and 7 are interconnected by an adapter 3, the inner channel 4 of which connects the cavities of these parts of the pipelines, so that it forms a supply zone in part 1 of the “air supply pipe”, and a liquid mixing zone in part 2 of the “liquid supply pipe” with air (not shown in the drawing). Moreover, part 5 of the internal channel 4 of the adapter 3 is made in the form of a truncated cone directed by the apex into the cavity 6 of part 8 of the liquid supply pipeline.

During installation, the airlift is located in the desired operating position, so that the adapter 3 is located at the required height relative to the bottom of the chamber in the body of the biological treatment plant (not shown in the drawing). The fixation of the airlift and its adapter in it relative to the biological treatment plant is carried out by any known means and method.

When compressed air is supplied from part 1 of the “air supply pipeline” through an adapter 3 to part 2 of the “liquid supply pipeline”, corresponding zones are formed in the said parts of the pipelines. As a result, in the zone of part 2 (more precisely, in its cavity 6), the liquid is mixed with air and, under the Bernoulli law and the Magnus effect, the specific gravity of the liquid decreases, and the gas-liquid mixture rises along part 2 of the liquid supply pipeline and then enters the pipeline ( conditionally not shown). When the airlift stops abruptly, the mixed liquid continues to rise, and in the inner channel 4 of the adapter 3, the pressure drops, and the mixture of liquid containing microparticles rushes into the inner channel of the adapter, trying to penetrate into part 1 of the "air supply pipe". However, this is prevented by part 5 of the internal channel 4 of the adapter 3, made in the form of a truncated cone directed by the apex into the cavity 6 of part 8 of the fluid supply pipe. Moreover, during the stop of the airlift, the airlift also vibrates. As a result, the pressure of the still remaining air in the part of the air supply pipe is higher than the pressure of the liquid mixed with air in the part of the "liquid supply pipe", which prevents the mixture of liquid with air from penetrating into the part of the "air supply pipe". Thus, the airlift maintains its operability for further operation.

Using the proposed utility model allows to increase the reliability of operation of the airlift, as well as to increase the uptime resource of biological treatment plants for domestic sewage.

Claims (1)

An airlift containing a part of the compressed air supply pipe and a part of the “liquid supply pipe” having an adapter between them, the inner channel of which connects the cavities of these parts of the pipelines, forming the zone of its supply in the part of the “air supply pipe” and in the part of the “liquid supply pipe” - a zone of mixing the liquid with air, characterized in that at least part of the inner channel of the adapter is made in the form of a truncated cone directed by the apex into the cavity of the part of the "fluid supply pipe".

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