RU2594935C1 - Method to ignite solid chemically active fuel in liquid medium - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mechanization when carrying out underwater and technical, rescue and ship-raising works using fuel gas generator. Method of ignition of the solid chemically active fuel (SCAF) in the liquid environment includes using a heating element in the form of incandescent tube, made by dense winding of wire with high ohmic resistance. Tube is installed in the channel made in the fuel box. Channel is made vertical with open bottom end, the incandescent tube is tightly installed in the upper end of the channel located in the mass of fuel, and the current-carrying conductor fixed on upper end of incandescent tube is removed on the inner cavity of the incandescent tube to outside. Length L_K channel is made while observing condition $$L_K=3\Delta$$

, where $$\Delta$$

- is the length of incandescent tube, and diameter of channel d_K is executed with the condition $$4d_{пр}<d_K<12d_{пр}$$

, where $$d_{пр}$$

- is the diameter of wire.

EFFECT: technical result is increase of reliability of ignition of SCAF in the fluid environment and decrease energy cost due to effective use of the crisis modes of liquid boiling.

3 cl, 6 dwg

пр - etc

Description

The invention relates to mechanization when conducting underwater technical, rescue and ship lifting operations using fuel gas generators.

A known method of ignition of a frameless solid fuel gas generator in a liquid medium. In the method, a block of solid chemically active fuel is ignited by an electric heater, namely, an incandescent spiral made of a material with high ohmic resistance. It is tightly installed in the technological recess provided in the block of solid fuel. Then the recess with the spiral located in it is sealed (Rifle and blasting in wells: Textbook for technical schools / N. G. Grigoryan et al. - 2nd ed. Revised. - M .: Nedra, 1980. P. 136-137) .

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of free volume in the zone of the incandescent spiral, since when the solid fuel is ignited, the resulting combustion products create high pressure, and if the mechanical characteristics of the fuel are insufficient, the solid fuel block is destroyed and the further combustion process stops. On the other hand, due to the high pressure, the sealing compound may be destroyed, and the incandescent spiral will be released into the environment under the influence of this pressure. A sharp pressure drop, in turn, will lead to the destruction of the reaction layer of solid fuel, flame failure, which also leads to the cessation of combustion. A similar effect of a sharp pressure relief is used in rocket technology, when it becomes necessary to quickly stop the combustion of fuel in a rocket engine.

There is a method of detonating an explosive charge (BB) when performing underwater technical work to destroy stones and rocky soil, for example, when removing ships from the shallows (Ya. I. Dunaevsky. Removing ships from the shallows / 2nd ed. Revised and added. - M .: Transport, 1984 - S. 80-81). For this, a hole is drilled in the explosive charge, an electric detonator is installed in it, then it is covered with sand and filled with mastic from above.

The disadvantage of this method is a complex multi-link sealing system. In addition, the fill mastic may have cracks through which the surrounding water can penetrate to the electric detonator and cause a failure in operation, that is, undermining the explosive charge. Under the influence of hydrostatic environmental pressure, the mastic can be compressed and squeezed out, which accelerates the ingress of water into the hole where the electric detonator is installed. Accordingly, there will be a refusal to initiate explosives.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a method of igniting a block of solid chemically active gas generator fuel in a liquid medium, when ignition is carried out using an incandescent spiral made of a material with high ohmic voltage (Patent No. 2537644 (RU), IPC F23Q7 / 02. Method of ignition of a solid reactive fuel in a liquid medium). The method selected for the prototype.

In the prototype method, the heating element is made in the form of a hollow incandescent tube by tightly winding a wire having high ohmic resistance. In turn, in the block of solid fuel, in its diametrical plane, an unpressurized horizontal channel open on both sides is made with a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the glow tube, which is tightly installed in this channel. Ignition of the fuel is based on the creation of crisis conditions for the boiling of a liquid [4], filling the channel and the cavity of the incandescent tube when an electric impulse is supplied to the incandescent tube from a current source (Joule-Lenz law).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the energy intensity of the method, since the formation of the crisis conditions of boiling liquid requires power developed on an incandescent tube of the order of 120 ÷ 180 W, which is not always possible when using current sources on stand-alone devices.

зажигание блока ТХАТ не представляется возможным, поскольку образующиеся при кипении паровые пузырьки под действием силы Архимеда начнут подниматься от трубки накаливания вверх по каналу к его верхнему концу и истекать в окружающую среду, а через другую открытую сторону канала в него и в зону трубки накаливания будут поступать новые порции жидкости. При этом будет идти процесс кипения жидкости без формирования критических условий кипения, соответственно трубка накаливания не будет блокироваться, зажигание стенок канала блока ТХАТ не произойдет.In addition, the method of ignition of a solid chemically active fuel in a liquid medium depends on its location in the environment. So, when the leaky channel deviates from the horizontal plane relative to the gravity vector, the probability of ignition of the TXAT block decreases. Upon reaching the angle of inclination $${\phi }_{\mathrm{to}R\mathrm{and}t}$$

ignition of the ТХАТ block is not possible, since the vapor bubbles formed during boiling under the action of the Archimedes force will begin to rise from the incandescent tube up the channel to its upper end and flow into the environment, and through the other open side of the channel, it and into the zone of the glow tube new servings of liquid. In this case, the process of boiling the liquid will take place without the formation of critical boiling conditions, respectively, the glow tube will not be blocked, ignition of the channel walls of the TXAT block will not occur.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of ignition TXAT in a liquid medium while reducing energy costs through the use of crisis modes of boiling liquid.

The problem is solved in that in the method of igniting TXAT in a liquid medium, including the use of a heating element in the form of an incandescent tube, made by tightly winding a wire with high ohmic resistance, which is installed in a channel made in a block of solid chemically active fuel, in contrast to the prototype the channel is vertical with an open lower end, the glow tube is tightly installed at the upper end of the channel located in the mass of fuel, and the current-carrying conductor is fixed and the upper end of the tube filament is output by the internal cavity of the tube filament to the outside.

выполняют при соблюдении условия $$L_K=3\Delta$$

, где $$\Delta$$

- длина трубки накаливания, а диаметр канала $$d_K$$

выполняют при соблюдении условия $$4d_{пр}<d_K<12d_{пр}$$

, где $$d_{пр}$$

- диаметр проволоки.In particular cases, the channel length $$L_K$$

performed subject to conditions $$L_K=3\Delta$$

where $$\Delta$$

- the length of the glow tube, and the diameter of the channel $$d_K$$

performed subject to conditions $$\mathrm{four}{d}_{PR}<d_K<12d_{PR}$$

where $$d_{PR}$$

- The diameter of the wire.

The essence of the method is illustrated in figures 1-6.

In FIG. 1 shows the initial state (a) of the system before applying an electric impulse to the glow tube; the intermediate stage (b), when the formation of the vapor cavity; stage (c) blocking the incandescent tube with a steam cavity, providing the creation of crisis conditions for boiling liquid. Designations: 1 - glow tube (tight winding spiral); 2 - block THAT; 3 - vertically oriented leaky channel; 4 - conductive wires; 5 - liquid medium; 6 - steam cavity.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the experimental setup and fragments of the formation and development of the vapor volume during heating of a glow tube by electric current (b). The numbers indicate: 7 - a bath with liquid; 8 - thermocouple; 9 - holder with arrow; 10 - an automated system for collecting results registration; 11 - model made of plexiglass; 12 - goniometer; 13 - stage of nucleation of active steam centers; 14 - the formation of the vapor cavity; 15 - stage of filling the channel with steam; 16 - release of the channel and blocking the glow tube from the liquid.

ТХАТ от мощности W, развиваемой на трубке накаливания (диаметр проволоки $$d_{пр}=\mathrm{0,5}\cdot {10}^{-3}$$

м).In FIG. 3 shows the dependence of the ignition time $$t_s$$

THAT from the power W developed on the glow tube (wire diameter $$d_{PR}=0.5\cdot {10}^{-3}$$

m).

In FIG. Figure 4 shows the dependence of temperature T during heating of the channel walls on the expended energy A. Curve 1 characterizes the temperature change for a vertical channel with a blanked end, curve 2 is typical for an unpressurized channel (prototype).

от мощности W, развиваемой на трубке накаливания при разной высоте $$h$$

ее размещения от открытого конца канала.In FIG. 5 shows the dependence of the ignition time $$t_s$$

from the power W developed on the glow tube at different heights $$h$$

its placement from the open end of the channel.

от угла наклона $$\phi$$

. Кривая 1 иллюстрирует зависимость времени зажигания $$t_{з}$$

для способа по изобретению. Кривая 2 приведена для сравнения времени зажигания $$t_{з}$$

по способу-прототипу.In FIG. 6 shows the dependence of the ignition time $$t_s$$

from the angle of inclination $$\phi$$

. Curve 1 illustrates the dependence of the ignition time $$t_s$$

for the method according to the invention. Curve 2 is shown to compare the ignition time. $$t_s$$

by the prototype method.

, где $$L_k$$

- длина канала; $$\Delta$$

- длина трубки накаливания.The reduction of energy costs in the proposed technical solution is based on the creation of additional steam volume at the plugged end of the channel due to the formation of steam bubbles in the centers of vaporization on the surface of the incandescent tube when an electric current is supplied to it [4]. Under the influence of the Archimedes force, they float up the channel and accumulate at the muffled end of the channel, forming a vapor cavity even before the formation of the bubble boiling regime. Steam inclusions generated during bubble boiling (the first crisis mode) [4] increase the steam volume, push the liquid away from the incandescent tube, which contributes to the rapid transition from the bubble liquid boiling mode to the second crisis boiling mode (film). In the film boiling regime, the heat transfer coefficient drops sharply, and the temperature of the tube and, correspondingly, the channel walls that are closely adjacent to it, increases to the ignition temperature of the TXAT. Ignition will be the most stable and stable under the condition: $$L_k=3\Delta$$

where $$L_k$$

- channel length; $$\Delta$$

- the length of the glow tube.

идет интенсивный теплообмен между трубкой накаливания и окружающей блок ТХАТ жидкой средой. При этом тепло теряется, и развиваемой на трубке накаливания мощности может оказаться недостаточно для формирования кризисных режимов кипения, а увеличение потребляемой мощности связано с ростом энергозатрат. Кроме того, при увеличении потребляемой мощности возрастает вероятность перегорания трубки накаливания, соответственно, следует аварийный отказ зажигания ТХАТ.At $$L_k<3\Delta$$

Intensive heat exchange takes place between the incandescent tube and the surrounding liquid THAT unit. In this case, heat is lost, and the power developed on the incandescent tube may not be enough for the formation of crisis boiling conditions, and the increase in power consumption is associated with an increase in energy consumption. In addition, with an increase in power consumption, the likelihood of a burn-out of the glow tube increases, respectively, followed by an emergency ignition failure of the TXAT.

вытесняемая паровым объемом жидкость может находиться в канале в то время, когда топливо уже зажглось и горит. В этом случае образующиеся высокотемпературные продукты горения ТХАТ начинают интенсивно заполнять канал, а поскольку скорость их образования будет превышать скорость перемещения жидкости в канале, в газовой полости возрастает давление. За счет роста давления возможен «снарядный» выброс жидкости, что приведет к резкому сбросу давления в канале, при этом окружающая блок ТХАТ жидкость под воздействием гидростатического давления практически сразу же заполнит канал, и процесс горения прекратится.At $$L_k>3\Delta$$

the liquid displaced by the steam volume may be in the channel at a time when the fuel has already been ignited and burned. In this case, the resulting high-temperature combustion products of TXAT begin to intensively fill the channel, and since the rate of their formation will exceed the rate of fluid movement in the channel, the pressure in the gas cavity increases. Due to the increase in pressure, a "shell" discharge of liquid is possible, which will lead to a sharp release of pressure in the channel, while the liquid surrounding the TXAT block under the influence of hydrostatic pressure will almost immediately fill the channel, and the combustion process will stop.

, выбираемого по соотношению: $$4d_{пр}<d_k<12d_{пр}$$

, где $$d_{пр}$$

- диаметр проволоки с высоким омическим сопротивлением, из которой выполняется трубка накаливания.THAT ignition also depends on the diameter of the channel $$d_k$$

, selected by the ratio: $$\mathrm{four}{d}_{PR}<d_k<12d_{PR}$$

where $$d_{PR}$$

- the diameter of the wire with high ohmic resistance, from which the glow tube is made.

изготовление трубки накаливания путем плотной намотки проволоки затруднено, поскольку начинают проявляться упругие свойства ее материала. Кроме того, монтаж токоведущего проводника к верхнему торцу трубки по ее внутренней полости также затруднен, поскольку диаметр внутреннего канала будет слишком мал.At $$d_k<\mathrm{four}{d}_{PR}$$

the manufacture of an incandescent tube by tightly winding the wire is difficult, since the elastic properties of its material begin to appear. In addition, the installation of a current-carrying conductor to the upper end of the tube along its inner cavity is also difficult, since the diameter of the inner channel will be too small.

внутренний объем канала в трубке накаливания заполнится большей массой жидкости. Создание кризисных режимов кипения в этом случае связано с необходимостью изменения мощности трубки накаливания, причем в сторону увеличения, что, в свою очередь, приводит к увеличению затрат электроэнергии, расходуемой на формирование кризисных режимов кипения жидкости. Причем не исключается вероятность разрушения трубки накаливания при протекании по ней большого тока.At $$d_k>12d_{PR}$$

the internal volume of the channel in the glow tube is filled with a larger mass of liquid. The creation of crisis modes of boiling in this case is associated with the need to change the power of the glow tube, and upward, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the cost of electricity spent on the formation of crisis modes of boiling liquid. Moreover, the probability of destruction of the incandescent tube when a large current flows through it is not excluded.

, значение которого меняется в диапазоне $$0\le \phi \le {90}^{0}C$$

. При $$\phi =0$$

канал ориентирован вертикально по вектору силы тяжести открытым концом вниз. Зажигание ТХАТ устойчиво. При $$\varphi ={90}^{0}C$$

канал и соответственно трубка накаливания занимают горизонтальное положение, перпендикулярное вектору силы тяжести, и паровые массы под действием силы Архимеда начинают частично истекать в окружающую жидкую среду. Вероятность зажигания стенок канала при таком положении канала снижается. Увеличение мощности, развиваемой на трубке накаливания, способно обеспечить зажигание даже при $$\phi \ge {90}^0$$

, но это связано с ростом энергетических затрат, вероятность разрушения материала трубки накаливания возрастает. Надежность и эффективность зажигания снижается.The implementation of the channel with one muffled end allows you to reduce the influence of orientation on the ignition process of the channel walls when the block TXAT from a vertical position relative to the gravity vector at an angle $$\phi$$

whose value varies in the range $$0\le \phi \le {90}^{0}C$$

. At $$\phi =0$$

the channel is oriented vertically along the gravity vector with the open end down. THAT ignition is steady. At $$\varphi ={90}^{0}C$$

the channel and, accordingly, the incandescent tube occupy a horizontal position perpendicular to the gravity vector, and the vapor masses under the action of Archimedes force begin to partially flow into the surrounding liquid medium. The probability of ignition of the channel walls at this position of the channel is reduced. An increase in the power developed on the glow tube can provide ignition even at $$\phi \ge {90}^0$$

, but this is associated with an increase in energy costs, the probability of destruction of the material of the glow tube increases. Reliability and efficiency of ignition is reduced.

The implementation of the method is illustrated by example.

From a wire having high ohmic resistance, a spiral is wound tightly to the coil, in the form of an incandescent tube 1 (see figure 1). Then, in the lower part of the sample, TXAT 2 runs parallel to the vector of gravity channel 3, one end of which is open, and the other ends in the mass of the sample. The diameter of the channel 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the filament tube 1. Then, the filament tube 1 with current-carrying wires 4 is tightly installed in the channel 3 directly at the end of the channel located in the mass of sample 2, one of the wires is brought out through the cavity of the filament tube.

A similarly assembled ignition system is immersed in a liquid 5, which fills the channel 3 and the cavity of the tube 1 (Fig. 1, a). An glow signal 1 is supplied with an electrical signal from a current source (not shown). The high-resistance wire is heated (Joule-Lenz law), due to this, active vapor centers in the form of bubbles form in the glow tube on its inner surface. Under the action of the Archimedes force, they, breaking away from the surface of the tube, concentrate at the upper end 3 and form a vapor cavity (Fig. 1, b). With bubble boiling, steam inclusions increase and intensively begin to flow into the already prepared steam cavity, releasing the glow tube. Due to this, there is a rapid change in the bubble mode of boiling on film (Fig. 1, c). Accordingly, the heat transfer coefficient drops sharply, the temperature of the filament tube and the temperature of the surface of the channel walls in contact with it increase. When the ignition temperature is reached, the TXAT ignites.

м длиной 0,15 м. Мощность, развиваемая на трубке накаливания 1, варьировалась в пределах $$4-180$$

Вт. Качественная картина развития процесса зажигания получена на модели цилиндрического канала, выполненного из оргстекла и имеющего один заглушенный конец. Длина канала 3, приведенного на фиг. 2, равнялась $$L_{К}=5\cdot {10}^{-2}$$

м, диаметр канала $$d_{К}=\mathrm{1,2}\cdot {10}^{-2}$$

м. Стенки канала полировались. Результаты приведены на фиг. 2б. Фрагмент I соответствует начальному положению. Канал заполнен жидкостью (водой), электросигнал на трубку накаливания 1 не подан ( $$t=0$$

c). Через $$t=\mathrm{0,6}$$

с от момента подачи электросигнала (фрагмент II) образуются активные центры парообразования, которые под действием силы Архимеда начинают сосредотачиваться у заглушенного конца канала. В этот момент уже начинает формироваться паровая полость. Через $$t=\mathrm{1,3}$$

с (фрагмент III), когда формируется пузырьковое кипение [4] идет интенсивное поступление паровых включений к уже созданной паровой полости. Трубка накаливания практически полностью блокирована от жидкости (фрагмент IV). Создается пленочный режим кипения ( $$t=\mathrm{4,0}$$

с). На фрагменте V видно, что через $$t=\mathrm{7,8}$$

с канал полностью освобождается от жидкости. При этом наблюдается свечение трубки накаливания и разрушение стенок канала.Tests of the method according to the proposed technical solution were carried out in a laboratory setup, shown in FIG. 2. The channel models were made of organic glass (Fig. 2b, fragments I – V) with optically transparent walls, and TXAT. A channel 3 model was placed on a holder 9 in a bathtub 7, which had optically transparent walls. The channel walls were heated with a chromel-alumel thermocouple 8 (junction diameter 200 μm) embedded in the channel wall 3. The signal from the thermocouple was fed to an automated system for collecting and recording results 10. An electric signal from the VSA-5K source (not shown in the diagram) was supplied to the glow tube 1 via current-carrying wires. For visual observation of the development of the process, optical lenses (not shown in the drawing) were mounted in the transparent side walls of the bath 7. Incandescent tube 1 was made of nichrome wire with a diameter of $$0.5\cdot {10}^{-3}$$

m 0.15 m long. The power developed on the filament tube 1, varied within $$\mathrm{four}-180$$

Tue A qualitative picture of the development of the ignition process was obtained on the model of a cylindrical channel made of plexiglass and having one muffled end. The length of the channel 3 shown in FIG. 2 equaled $$L_{\mathrm{TO}}=5\cdot {10}^{-2}$$

m, channel diameter $$d_{\mathrm{TO}}=\mathrm{1,2}\cdot {10}^{-2}$$

m. The walls of the channel were polished. The results are shown in FIG. 2b. Fragment I corresponds to the initial position. The channel is filled with liquid (water), the electrical signal to the glow tube 1 is not applied ( $$t=0$$

c) Across $$t=0.6$$

from the moment the electric signal is supplied (fragment II), active centers of vaporization are formed, which, under the action of the Archimedes force, begin to concentrate at the muffled end of the channel. At this point, a vapor cavity is already beginning to form. Across $$t=1.3$$

c (fragment III), when bubble boiling is formed [4], there is an intensive supply of steam inclusions to the already created vapor cavity. The glow tube is almost completely blocked from the liquid (fragment IV). A film boiling mode is created ( $$t=4.0$$

from). On fragment V it can be seen that through $$t=7.8$$

with the channel completely freed from the liquid. In this case, the glow of the glow tube and the destruction of the walls of the channel are observed.

м, диаметр $$1\cdot {10}^{-2}$$

. В образцах выполнялись каналы $$L_K=\mathrm{4,5}\cdot {10}^{-2}$$

м, при диаметре $$d_K=4\cdot {10}^{-3}$$

м.To verify the proposed method used samples of TXAT, known in rocketry [5]. We used TXAT cylindrical samples having the following dimensions: height $$5\cdot {10}^{-2}$$

m diameter $$\mathrm{one}\cdot {10}^{-2}$$

. In the samples, channels were made $$L_K=\mathrm{4,5}\cdot {10}^{-2}$$

m, with a diameter $$d_K=\mathrm{four}\cdot {10}^{-3}$$

m

образца ТХАТ от мощности W, развиваемой на трубке накаливания. Видно, что с увеличением W время зажигания $$t_{з}$$

снижается. Следует отметить, что для зажигания образца ТХАТ достаточно W=6 Вт. Это выгодно отличает систему зажигания предлагаемого технического решения от прототипа [3]. Изменение температуры T стенок канала в зависимости от затраченной энергии А приведено на фиг. 4. Следует отметить, что на зажигание стенок канала с одним заглушенным концом (кривая 1) требуется меньше энергозатрат по сравнению с негерметичной системой зажигания (кривая 2). Видно, что на нагрев жидкости до кипения в канале при прочих равных условиях опыта расходуется одинаковое количество энергии (область 1). Но за счет того, что по изобретению активные центры парообразования еще до формирования пузырькового режима кипения уже частично заполняют канал, пар начинает блокировать верх трубки накаливания, время формирования режимов кипения сокращается, и зажигание стенок канала происходит при $$А=80÷120$$

Дж, в то время как при негерметичной системе зажигания затраты энергии на зажигание стенок канала значительно больше (области II по изобретению, III по прототипу).FIG. 3 illustrates the dependence of the ignition time $$t_s$$

TCAT sample from the power W developed on the glow tube. It is seen that with increasing W, the ignition time $$t_s$$

declining. It should be noted that W = 6 W is sufficient for igniting a TXAT sample. This compares favorably with the ignition system of the proposed technical solution from the prototype [3]. The change in temperature T of the channel walls depending on the energy expended A is shown in FIG. 4. It should be noted that the ignition of the walls of the channel with one muffled end (curve 1) requires less energy compared to an unpressurized ignition system (curve 2). It can be seen that for heating the liquid to a boil in the channel, ceteris paribus, the experiment uses the same amount of energy (region 1). But due to the fact that according to the invention, the active centers of vaporization even before the formation of the bubble boiling mode already partially fill the channel, the steam begins to block the top of the glow tube, the formation time of the boiling modes is reduced, and the channel walls ignite when $$\mathrm{BUT}=80÷120$$

J, while with an unpressurized ignition system, the energy consumption for igniting the channel walls is much larger (region II according to the invention, III according to the prototype).

от расположения трубки накаливания в канале по высоте h от открытого торца приведена на фиг. 5. Видно, что при $$h=5\cdot {10}^{-3}$$

м на процесс зажигания оказывает влияние окружающая среда (кривая $$•$$

). С увеличением h время зажигания $$t_{з}$$

снижается (кривые $$+,\Delta$$

).Ignition time dependence $$t_s$$

from the location of the filament tube in the channel in height h from the open end is shown in FIG. 5. It is seen that with $$h=5\cdot {10}^{-3}$$

m the environment affects the ignition process (curve $$•$$

) With increasing h, the ignition time $$t_s$$

decreases (curves $$+,\Delta$$

)

от угла наклона $$\phi$$

. Кривая 1 относится к предлагаемому техническому решению, кривая 2 к прототипу. Следует отметить, что при большом угле наклона негерметичная система зажигания прототипа функционировать не будет, в то время как система зажигания с одним заглушенным торцом может функционировать даже при $$\phi ={90}^0$$

. Однако в этом случае требуется повышение мощности на трубке накаливания до 100 Вт и выше.Since the channel on the one hand is leaky in the proposed technical solution, its functioning will depend on the orientation of the channel relative to the gravity vector. It is known [6] that the orientation of the heating surface in a gravitational field affects the critical heat flux during boiling of a liquid. FIG. 6 illustrates the relationship $$t_s$$

from the angle of inclination $$\phi$$

. Curve 1 refers to the proposed technical solution, curve 2 to the prototype. It should be noted that with a large angle of inclination the leaky ignition system of the prototype will not function, while the ignition system with one muffled end can function even at $$\phi ={90}^0$$

. However, in this case, an increase in power on the glow tube to 100 W and above is required.

It can be seen from the example that the proposed method for igniting TXAT in a liquid medium is industrially applicable in practice. The method provides reliable ignition at an economical energy cost and can be used when conducting rescue, ship-lifting and hydraulic works.

Information sources

1. Rifle and blasting in wells: Textbook for technical schools / N. G. Grigoryan et al. - 2nd ed. reslave. - M .: Nedra, 1980.S. 136-137.

2. Dunaevsky Ya.I. Removal of ships aground / 2nd ed. reslave. and add. - M .: Transport, 1984 - S. 80-81.

3. Patent No. 2537644 (RU), IPC F23Q 7/02. The method of ignition of solid chemically active fuel in a liquid medium.

4. Mikheev M.A., Mikheeva I.M. The basics of heat transfer. - M .: Energy, 1973 - S. 102-128.

5. Orlov B.V., Masing G.Yu. Thermodynamic and ballistic fundamentals of designing solid propellant rocket engines: Textbook for universities. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1979

6. Veshnev I.P. The influence of the orientation of the heating surface in a gravitational field on the crisis of bubble boiling of a liquid // Engineering Physics Journal, 1973. V. 24 (1). S. 59-66.

Claims (3)

1. The method of ignition of a solid reactive fuel in a liquid medium, comprising the use of a heating element in the form of an incandescent tube made by tightly winding a wire having high ohmic resistance, which is installed in a channel made in a block of solid reactive fuel, characterized in that the channel perform vertical with an open lower end, the glow tube is tightly installed at the upper end of the channel located in the mass of fuel, and the current-carrying conductor, fixed on the upper end of the tube filament is output by the internal cavity of the tube filament to the outside. 2. The ignition method according to p. 1, characterized in that the length of the channel $$L_K$$

performed subject to conditions $$L_K=3\Delta$$

where $$\Delta$$

- the length of the glow tube. 3. The ignition method according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the channel $$d_K$$

performed subject to conditions $$\mathrm{four}{d}_{PR}<d_K<12d_{PR}$$

where $$d_{PR}$$

- The diameter of the wire.

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