RU2593675C1 - Device for measuring density of loose bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to measurement equipment, namely, to pneumatic devices for measuring density of bulk materials and can be used in various industries. Device for measuring density of bulk bodies comprises two identical in volume of cylindrical vessel with built-in movable piston containing scale, one of which serves for placing analysed suspension, and interconnected supply tubes in form of bends installed between them control tube, at the bottom of which there is tap for liquid discharge from system. At that, pipeline connecting supply and control tubes is connected by flexible hose with compensating vessel. At that, diameters and length of supply pipes are identical, and cylindrical vessels are closed by tight screwed covers and are equipped with valves for communication with atmosphere.

EFFECT: technical result is development of easy-to-use and servicing device for express measurements of density of loose bodies and improvement of devices of this type.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of measuring equipment, namely to pneumatic devices for measuring the density of bulk materials, and can be used in various industries.

A device is known that contains a container with a controlled substance, to the upper part of which is attached a cylinder with a piston and a pressure meter is connected (patent No. RU 2399904). The disadvantage of this device is the difficulty of calculating the density and the use of the equation of state of an ideal gas.

A device is known for determining the true density of dispersed and porous bodies by the helium method, consisting of a vessel for placing a sample, an oil differential pressure gauge, a forevacuum pump, a helium source with an impurity trap, a burette with a pressure gauge and communication pipelines with taps, and one bend of the oil differential pressure gauge is connected with a vessel for placement of the sample and a vessel forming an additional volume, and the other knee with vessels forming a second additional and compensation emitting volumes. The total volumes of vessels attached to the left and right knees of the differential pressure gauge are approximately equal (ed. Certificate of the USSR No. 147018). The disadvantages of this device is the low efficiency, stringent requirements for the tightness of the system and the accuracy of the reproduction of states in successive measurements.

The objective of the invention is to develop a convenient in operation and maintenance of a device for rapid measurements of the density of bulk solids and the improvement of devices of this type.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the accuracy and ensure the efficiency of measurements.

The technical result is achieved in that a device for measuring the density of granular bodies, including two cylindrical vessels of the same volume with built-in movable pistons, containing scales, one of which serves to accommodate the test sample, and interconnected by supply tubes in the form of elbows installed between them a control tube, at the bottom of which there is a tap for discharging fluid from the system, while the pipeline connecting the supply and control tubes to each other is connected by a flexible hose to the computer nsiruyuschim vessel.

In this case, the diameters and lengths of the supply tubes are the same, and the cylindrical vessels are closed by hermetic screwed-on covers and equipped with taps for communication with the atmosphere.

The volume of the investigated body is determined directly by comparison with a compensating volume in a certain pressure range in a single measuring process.

The drawing shows a diagram of a device for measuring the density of bulk solids.

The device consists of cylindrical vessels 1 and 2 having equal volumes, closed by hermetic screw-on caps 3 and 4 with integrated movable pistons 5 and 6 and scales 15 and 16. The vessels have valves 7 and 8 for communication with the atmosphere. The tap 9 serves to discharge fluid from the system. A change in the liquid level occurs when the vessel 10 connected to the system by a flexible hose 11 is moved vertically. The control tube 12 serves to prevent liquid from entering the cylindrical vessels 1 and 2. The lengths and diameters of the supply tubes 13 and 14 are the same, so the measurement system consists of two the same knees.

The principle of operation of the device is as follows.

The cap 4 is unscrewed and the test body is placed in the vessel 2. The piston 5 is mounted so that the volumes 1 and 2 are the same. Cranes 7 and 8 are open, in cylindrical vessels 1, 2 atmospheric pressure. The vessel 10 drops to zero and the system is filled with liquid. By moving the vessel 10, in which atmospheric pressure is maintained, the liquid level in the supply tubes 13 and 14 is set to zero. The valves 7 and 8 are closed. The vessel 10 moves upward; in this case, gas is compressed in vessels 1 and 2, and the liquid in the tubes 13 and 14 rises to a height of H ₁ and H ₂ , respectively. The measurement is repeated, each time reducing the volume of the vessel 1 by moving the piston 5 along the measuring scale 15, and achieve the equality of heights H ₁ and H ₂ at any permissible pressure values created by the movement of the vessel 10. The volume of the test body V is equal to the decrease in volume in the cylindrical vessel 1 and is determined directly on a scale of 15.

The density is calculated after determining the body mass m by weighing according to the formula:

where m is the body weight, g;

V is the volume of the body, cm ³ .

The piston 6 serves for preliminary accurate equalization of the volumes occupied by the gas in the left and right branches of the device, if necessary (zeroing). For this, the piston 5 is set to zero on the scale 15 and the measurements described above are carried out without placing the measured body in the vessel 2. If the liquid levels in the supply tubes 13 and 14 during compression of the gas are different, they are leveled by moving the piston 6. In the future, the position of the piston 6 does not change. His position is recorded on a scale of 16.

The advantage of the device is that the compensation method directly determines the volume without any calculations. It does not require knowledge of atmospheric pressure and gas equations of state. Comparison of volumes is carried out during one measurement for different pressures, which increases accuracy and reduces the effect of nonisothermal.

Industrial applicability

The claimed technical solution is implemented using industrially produced means and can be manufactured in laboratory and industrial conditions.

Claims (3)

1. A device for measuring the density of bulk solids, including two cylindrical vessels of the same volume with built-in movable pistons, containing scales, one of which serves to accommodate the test sample, and interconnected by supply tubes in the form of elbows with a control tube installed between them, at the bottom which contains a valve for discharging fluid from the system, while the pipeline connecting the supply and control tubes to each other is connected by a flexible hose to a compensating vessel. 2. A device for measuring the density of bulk solids according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameters and lengths of the supply tubes are the same. 3. A device for measuring the density of granular bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical vessels are closed by hermetic screw-tight lids and equipped with taps for communication with the atmosphere.

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