RU2591205C2 - Laid in the ground fibre-optic telecommunication system subscriber access and fibre-optic security system of household object (versions) using laid in the ground fibre-optic telecommunication system subscriber access - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to communication, particularly to multiservice subscriber access networks (MSAN) based on an interactive fibre-terrestrial architecture. Protected area is divided into coarse household object as extended and local configuration on a large number of related perimeter sections with length of the perimeter of each area of not more than 10-15 km, which allows considerably enlarging the service zone, broken equipment fibre-optic security system on mutually cooperative subsystem protection ring topology, which realizes in each section as sensing perimeter using coherent reflectometry, and communication subsystem double bus topology this function pretreatment and serial transmission between sections of results of probing security subsystem in a single control centre using a temporary and spectral separation channels and regeneration of signals at each section. Sensor is added to fibre-optic cable of two additional single-mode fibre for separate transmission of signals outgoing and incoming directions communication subsystem, which prevents mutual influence of both subsystems fibre-optic security system while maintaining high sensitivity to acoustic effect.

EFFECT: providing protection against deliberate damage cable; higher accuracy of determining point of intrusion single-area coherent fibre-optic security system (FOSS).

5 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to multiservice subscriber access networks (MAD) based on interactive fiber-ether architecture, as well as to the field of security, in particular, fiber-optic systems for protecting the territory from unauthorized entry. The use of this combined system allows, without compromising the volume and quality of modern telecommunication services provided to subscribers, to significantly increase the protected area, reduce operating costs, increase the reliability of detection of unauthorized penetration and the safety of extended facilities, provide continuous monitoring of operating parameters and technical condition of important infrastructure facilities in tight climatic conditions and when exposed to electromagnetic interference.

Modern telecommunication MSAD is almost universally built on the basis of fiber-coaxial architecture (ME Belkin. The concept of building a subscriber access network based on fiber-coaxial distribution networks. - Electrosvyaz, 1998, No. 1, pp. 8-15), when used in In residential areas, the optical fiber is brought to a house or group of houses, and then via coaxial cable to the apartments of subscribers. This network provides broadband interactive subscriber access using a tree-like or radial-node network configuration. However, due to its inherent “wired” nature, the fiber-coaxial architecture network is intended only for servicing stationary subscribers and does not cover the large and very important social group of mobile subscribers (for example, in connection with trends in the development of personal communication systems). The need to meet the needs of mobile subscribers in high-speed digital connections of various content (telephone, Internet connection, digital broadcasting, multimedia signal transmission, etc.), as well as the need to simplify connections to stationary subscribers' terminals due to wireless technology, has led in recent years to the intensive development of fiber access subscriber access networks.

A generalized diagram of a telecommunication distribution system for fiber-ether architecture (Radio over Fiber Technologies for Mobile Communications Networks. / Editors H. Al-Raweshidy, S. Komaki. - Artech House, 2002. - 436 pp.) Is shown in FIG. 1. At central station 1 (CA), the optical transmitter is modulated on the microwave subcarriers by digital information signals with speeds of 1 ... 10 Gbit / s. Fiber optic lines connect the central 1 and base stations 2 (BS). At base station 2, optical-electrical conversion and broadcasting are carried out within the zone with a radius of 1-5 km. Signals are received and demodulated by subscriber terminals 3 (AT). Signals from the subscriber are transmitted in the reverse order. The configuration of this network, depending on the topology of the service area, can be circular (see Fig. 1) or radial. According to the well-known principles of building the MSAD, a multi-zone architecture can be applied to increase the overall service area. In this case, individual zones are combined through BS 2.

A typical functional diagram of a fiber optic security system (BOOS) comprising a hardware unit 4 and a sensor fiber optic cable 5 (RTS) is shown in FIG. 2. In this system, the most common is the perimeter configuration, as it has important operational advantages: the absence of a remote active unit, the ability to monitor the integrity of the RER in real time, etc. The main components of the hardware block are: a probe optical signal sensor based on a semiconductor laser, an optical radiation receiver based on a photodetector, and a data processing and signaling unit. The sensor fiber-optic cable, formed on the basis of multimode or single-mode fiber, is either installed on the fencing elements of the protected area (walls, floors, glass surfaces and other structural blocks of buildings and structures), or laid underground. The advantage of the latter method is the secrecy of the security system, however, the first one provides better sensitivity. Detection of an attempt of unauthorized penetration is carried out by methods that, in general, can be divided into two groups: with the registration of a signal transmitted through a sensor fiber-optic cable (intermodal interference method, speckle structure method, interference method, for example, based on a Sagnac interferometer) and registration of the reflected signal (reflectometry).

Current trends in the development of the CEE are to increase efficiency, which is mainly expressed in increasing the area of the protected area, increasing the accuracy and reliability of determining the location of unauthorized entry and ensuring the secrecy of work, which means underground laying. The only real option for increasing the protected area is the use of a single-mode fiber-based RISS with the transmission of sounding optical signals through it in the spectral range of 1.5-1.6 μm, where the minimum attenuation of the quartz fiber in the region of 0.2 dB / km is ensured. However, this approach can only be ensured by the reflectometric detection method, an important advantage of which is the possibility of simultaneously determining several penetration facts. The use of the latter is also supported by the fact that devices operating on the basis of this method, called reflectometers, are widely used in the operation of modern fiber-optic telecommunication networks to measure the length of the laid fiber, the integrity and attenuation of the fiber path, and to locate its damage to within 10 m. However, detection of this type in an OTDR is based on the effect of reflections at the site of physical damage to the fiber sheath or core, which is not dhodit for the purposes of protection.

Numerous studies, developments and operational experience of the CEE have shown that the optimal way to detect unauthorized entry is to use the extremely high sensitivity of a single-mode fiber to external acoustic exposure. In this case, as is known, micro-changes in the refractive index of the Brillouin or Rayleigh scattering centers inevitably present in the fiber core occur, as a result of which reflected signals appear. Note that using the latter effect allows one to provide an order of magnitude greater sensitivity (Koyamada Y. et al. Fiber-Optic Distributed Strainand Temperature Sensing With Very High Measurand Resolution Over Long Range Using Coherent OTDR. Journal of Light wave Technology, 2009, v. 17, No. 9, p. 1142-1146). The level of these reflections is extremely small, and for reliable detection of the source of acoustic exposure, it is necessary to provide a dynamic range of the CEE hardware unit of more than 60 dB.

This requirement is not satisfied by the reflectometers described above using pulsed modulation of a laser signal source and incoherent photodetection of the reflected signal, as a result of which its dynamic range does not exceed 35-40 dB. Nevertheless, studies of telecommunication fiber-optic systems carried out in the 80s of the last century showed that the above dynamic range is fundamentally ensured by the use of coherent photodetection, when two coherent optical signals are mixed in the photodetector: received and reference. Following this path, in recent years, various versions of coherent CEEs have been proposed using pulse-amplitude, pulse-polarization-frequency, or frequency modulation of the probe signal and an unmodulated highly coherent reference signal. In accordance with this, the above-described known methods for detecting acoustic effects on a distributed fiber-optic sensor are called coherent optical time, polarization and frequency reflectometry (COTDR, PO-OTDR and COFDR).

Comparative theoretical and experimental studies have shown that the CEA with PO-OTDR, although it has the highest sensitivity to acoustic impact and the resolution of determining the impact site at the centimeter level, does not provide the length of the protected area more than 1 km, which does not correspond to the above trends in the development of CEE . Of the two other schemes for constructing a VOOS hardware block, both provide a dynamic range of more than 60 dB, however, the sensitivity of COFDR is fundamentally 10-15 dB higher, which makes it possible to use sensors of a sounding signal of lower power or, using a fiber amplifier, to provide a guard section length of up to 100 or more kilometers . However, irrespective of the modulation scheme used, the highest sensitivity of the RISS to acoustic action is provided when the path length in the fiber of the forward and backward (reflected from the scattering center) optical signals is significantly (at least two times) less than the coherence length of the laser source. In modern semiconductor lasers of the 1.55 μm range, using special radiation line narrowing schemes, it is possible to ensure a coherence length of about 30 km, which limits the highly sensitive detection of acoustic effects of 15-20 km with a sufficient accuracy of detecting the impact site at a level of 1-10 m.

A well-known CEE implementation scheme is shown in FIG. 3 (US 5194847, G01H 9/00 G01L 1/24, G01L 11/02, publ. 16.03.1993) (adopted as a prototype for all declared objects). In this scheme, a continuous unmodulated optical signal from a highly coherent laser 6 (line width less than 10 kHz) through an optical insulator 7, which prevents broadening of the emission line of laser 6 due to feedback from the rest of the circuit, is fed to the input of an optical intensity modulator 8 operating in the mode periodic pulsed modulation, creating short pulses of coherent radiation. For this purpose, acousto-optical, electro-optical modulators or a semiconductor laser amplifier with single-mode fiber input and output can be used. The pulse duration can be of the order of 100 ns with a repetition period of the order of 100 μs. Optical pulses from the output of modulator 8 are introduced into the input arm 9 of an X-type splitter 10 based on a single-mode optical fiber. According to the well-known principle of operation of the splitter 10, which is a reciprocal device, the optical radiation introduced into the arm 9 is evenly distributed (50%: 50%) into its output arms 11 and 12. A sensitive fiber 13 is connected to the shoulder 11 and terminates in a non-reflective load 14. Sensitive fiber 13 for example, for underground installation, it is mounted in a fiber optic cable (not shown in Fig. 3), the length of which can reach 50 km, due to the low loss in fiber. A non-reflective load 15 is directly connected to the output arm 12. The reflected signal resulting from an external acoustic effect in the fiber 13 is received through the arm 16 of the coupler 10 and converted into an electric signal by a photodetector 17, amplified in a low-noise electronic amplifier 18 and, together with the noise, is displayed on the oscilloscope screen 19. Further processing in order to isolate the penetration signal from the noise is carried out by modern computer methods. This scheme ensures the accuracy of determining the penetration site at a level of 10 m, which is determined by the duration of the probe pulse of 100 ns. It is noted that accuracy can be improved simply by reducing it. For example, with a probe pulse duration of 50 ns, the penetration detection accuracy will be 5 m, which is quite sufficient for CEE purposes.

The main drawbacks of the construction principle and the CEA implementation scheme described above, as well as the large number of later modernized CEE schemes, are the limited area of the protected area: the length of the IEE is not more than 50 km with a highly sensitive detection length of 10-15 km (see above). In addition, in this and other well-known schemes, there are no solutions for the efficient organization of operation of a long-range CEE.

The present invention is aimed at solving the technical problem of improving the principles of construction, increasing the efficiency of operation and reducing the payback period of a large multiservice network of subscriber access of fiber-ether architecture with a service area of more than 100 km.

The technical result is:

- in the effective combination of the functions of providing subscribers with modern telecommunication and security services within one fiber-ether network;

- in expanding the service area of a coherent fiber-optic security system while maintaining high sensitivity and accuracy of detection of places of unauthorized entry;

- to increase the reliability of the security system;

- to increase the response rate to unauthorized entry;

- to reduce the payback period of the system during operation.

The indicated technical result is achieved in that a fiber-optic telecommunication subscriber access system laid in the ground on the basis of a multiservice interactive distribution network of fiber-ether architecture containing a central station and a set of base stations of a ring configuration connected to it using fiber-optic lines, on which optical-electrical conversion and broadcasting of radio signals within the zone with a radius of 1-5 km are carried out, which are also accepted by the demodulator subscriber radio terminals, in order to expand the functionality of the system, without compromising the volume and quality of modern telecommunication services provided to subscribers, the functions of guarding the served territory are added using the built-in fiber-optic security system.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the fiber-optic security system of a large economic facility based on the method of coherent reflectometry with a circuit containing a highly coherent laser emitter, a pulse-controlled optical modulator and an X-type optical splitter, to the first input of which the output of the optical modulator is connected, to the first and second outputs, respectively, a sensor fiber with a non-reflective load at the end and just a non-reflective load, and to the second input, a photo detector, ele a throne amplifier and a device that registers backscattering in a sensor fiber due to acoustic impact when an intruder crosses a protected area boundary in order to expand the coverage area of a coherent fiber-optic security system while maintaining high sensitivity and accuracy of detecting places of unauthorized entry, the protected area is divided into a large number of connected sections with a perimeter length of not more than half the coherence length of the used laser emitter, containing at each site the equipment of the security subsystem, the scheme of which corresponds to the well-known scheme, and the equipment of the communication subsystem interconnected with it, which implements the functions of pre-processing and serial transmission of the sensing fiber-optic cable results of sensing all sections of the security subsystem to a single control center using a temporary control center and spectral separation of channels and signal regeneration in each section.

At the same time, in order to increase the reliability of its operation, the communication subsystem scheme is built on the basis of a double bus or double tree topology with spatial diversity of the main and backup optical paths and base stations are introduced into the optical scheme of each section with the help of which video monitoring signals are generated and transmitted to the control center real-time main infrastructure facilities of the protected area.

And in order to increase the speed of response to unauthorized penetration, an additional fiber-ether channel for emergency communication of the dispatcher with operational teams is introduced, the operation of which is carried out through the communication subsystem.

In addition, in order to reduce the payback period during operation in a protected area using the communication subsystem, advanced telecommunication services are additionally distributed, which, thanks to its inverted traffic, is implemented without interfering with the functioning and without reducing the noise immunity of the security subsystem.

These features are significant and are interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

The present invention is illustrated by specific examples of execution, which, however, are not the only possible, but clearly demonstrate the ability to achieve the desired technical result.

FIG. 1 illustrates the well-known principle and construction scheme of a telecommunication distribution system of fiber-ether architecture;

FIG. 2 illustrates the well-known principle of building a perimeter fiber optic security system;

FIG. 3 illustrates the well-known principle and construction scheme of a coherent fiber-optic security system - a prototype;

FIG. 4 illustrates the construction principle of the proposed combined fiber optic subscriber access system;

FIG. 5 illustrates the construction principle and the general scheme of a multi-stage CEE according to the invention, an option for connecting sections with a double bus configuration;

FIG. 6 illustrates the construction principle and the general scheme of a multi-site CEE according to the invention, an option for connecting sections;

FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-section of a sensor fiber cable used in the present invention;

FIG. 8 illustrates an example of cable connections and traffic in a 3-section combined fiber optic subscriber access system according to the invention.

According to the present invention, an improved subscriber access network architecture is considered, comprising a large number of connected sections with a perimeter length of each section of not more than 15-20 km. The first section is controlled by the only central station 20 (CA) serviced in the system, and the rest by unattended nodal stations 21 (CSS). An example illustrating the construction principle of the proposed combined fiber optic subscriber access system is shown in FIG. 4. In this example, the railway station, the adjacent station farm 23 and the nearby city or large business facility 24 are served using the fiber-ether structure proposed by the MRSA.

The operation of a multi-part CEE is carried out using two interconnected subsystems: a security subsystem that provides independent detection of the fact (facts) of unauthorized entry at each site, and a communication subsystem that provides preliminary processing and transmission of the results of each site's security to a single control center. In this CEE, base stations 25 (BS) are additionally introduced, the functions of which are round-the-clock video monitoring in real time of the most important infrastructure objects of the protected area and transmitting the monitoring results to the control center using the communication subsystem, fiber-radio emergency communication channel of the dispatcher with operational crews (replacement the failed unit of the system and departure to the place of penetration), the functioning of which is also carried out through the communication subsystem. At the same time, in this multi-part CEE, without changing the linear path scheme and weakening the noise immunity of the security system, additional functions are introduced to provide modern telecommunication services in the protected area using fiber-ether architecture.

The essence of the proposed invention is:

- in combining telecommunication and security functions in one fiber-optic system laid in the ground, which reduces construction costs, reduces operating costs and the payback period of the system and provides protection against intentional cable damage;

- in the breakdown of the served territory, both extended (the length is much larger than the width, for example pipelines, railroad tracks, power grids), and local (comparable length and width, for example, municipal and rural types of municipalities, power plants, railway junctions, warehouses) configurations to a large number connected perimeter sections with the perimeter length of each section no more than 10-15 km, which allows maintaining high sensitivity and accuracy of determining the penetration site of a single-section coherent HE C and ensure the required quality of ethereal delivery of telecommunications services and high-speed response to the fact of penetration;

- in dividing the CEE equipment into the interconnected protection subsystem of the ring topology, which implements the perimeter sensing function in each section using coherent reflectometry, and the dual-bus topology communication subsystem that implements the function of preliminary processing and serial transmission between the sections of the sounding results of the protection subsystem to a single control center using time and spectral separation of channels and signal regeneration in each section, which allows to increase the length t protected areas up to 1000 or more kilometers and at the same time increase the reliability of registration of the fact of penetration in remote areas;

- introduction of two additional single-mode fibers into the sensor fiber-optic cable for separate transmission of signals of the outgoing and incoming directions of the telecommunication distribution system and the communication subsystem of the security system, which eliminates the mutual influence of both VOOS subsystems while maintaining high sensitivity to acoustic impact;

- in the introduction of additional built-in functions that provide increased reliability of operation and a reduction in the payback period of the CEE without complicating its scheme.

For the specific explanation of FIG. 5 and 6 show an example of a scheme for constructing the proposed system. To best meet the conflicting requirements for the configuration of the CEE service area (see above), the perimeter configuration of a single security section and two connection options are used: with a double bus configuration (Fig. 5) and a double tree configuration (Fig. 6), in which the same principles for organizing communication between sites. Each such section is in the design of the CEE 15 of FIG. 2 (US 5194847), the description of which was given previously. In both figures, the first (initial) section of the system basically contains a serviced central station 20 (CA) and a ring-shaped sensor fiber-optic cable 27 (RTS) laid along its perimeter (i.e., topologically starting and ending on CA 20). Communication between sections is carried out using maintenance-free nodal stations 21 (CSS). In addition, each site may include maintenance-free base stations 25 (BS). An additional feature of the system with a double tree configuration (Fig. 6) is the ability to serve both adjacent sections (sections 28 and 29) and spatially spaced (sections 30 and 31) sections, which increases the flexibility of its configuration. In the latter case, the branch sections are introduced into the nearest section of the trunk through the BS via a separate fiber-optic cable up to 80-100 km long.

In the diagrams of FIG. 5 and 6 RISS is used in the system as a distributed fiber-optic acoustic pressure sensor and at the same time as an interactive medium for transmitting communication signals. Additionally, it provides the ability to supply remote power to auxiliary active devices of the linear path of the site. To meet the above requirements, it has the following technical indicators: the presence of at least three standard single-mode optical fibers, two implementation options (fully dielectric and with metal cores), the possibility of laying in the ground, electromagnetic passivity, fire resistance. An example of a cross section of the main embodiment of the RISS is shown in FIG. 7, where 32 is a reinforcing rod (dielectric, optional element); 33 - information and telecommunication fiber ITV-1 (outgoing direction); 34 - acoustically sensitive fiber APC; 35 - information and telecommunication fiber ITV-2 (incoming direction); 36 - a protective coating (foamed polyethylene, metal armor).

The main functions of the only CA 20 system are: determining the place and object of unauthorized entry in all areas; transmission (via AQW RISE), reception (along the same fiber) and processing of the security signal of the 1st section; reception (according to ITV-2 SVOK) and processing of security signals and telecommunication signals of the reverse channel of the remaining sections; transmission (via ITV-1 SVOK information fiber) of direct channel telecommunication signals, control signals of the control system of all sections and BS of section 1; receiving and processing video monitoring signals and other signals from BS 25; determination of the integrity of the perimeter of section 1, emergency communication of the dispatcher with production teams. Also, the CA 20 has the ability to provide: remote power supply to the BS of section 1, reception (through the BS of section 1) of signals from various sensors of physical quantities, fire and security alarms, signals from other utilities of the facility; communication with external telecommunication services (telephony, television, Internet, high-speed data transfer, etc.); interactive distribution of signals of external telecommunication services to subscribers of all sections (section 1 through the BS, the remaining sections through the corresponding CSS).

The remaining sections of the combined MSAD are controlled through maintenance-free DC 21, the number of which corresponds to N-1, where N is the number of sections in the system. The main functions of the nodal station are: determining the place and object of unauthorized entry at its site; transmission (via AQW RISO), reception (via the same fiber), pre-processing and transmission of a guard signal to your site to the central station; relaying (with regeneration) of the security signals of the larger sections and the pass-through pass of the AFC of the previous section; transmission (via the first ITV-1 information fiber) of control signals to all BS of its section; receiving and transmitting video monitoring signals to the central station from all BS of the site; determining the integrity of the perimeter of your site, transmitting to the CA signaling the integrity of the perimeter and the operability of the equipment, providing emergency radio communication with the dispatcher located on the site operational team. Also, the DC has the ability to provide: remote power supply to the BS of its site, reception (from all BS of the site) of signals from various sensors of physical quantities, fire and security alarm systems and other services; Interactive distribution of external telecommunication services signals transmitted from the CA to subscribers of their site (via the corresponding BS).

Base stations are used to provide real-time video monitoring of the situation in the area of the most important infrastructure facilities of the protected area and interactive communication with various internal and external facilities at each site. Their main functions are: video monitoring using a set of cameras, receiving control signals from the control unit of a given section and signaling the operability of the equipment, transmitting video monitoring results to the corresponding control unit, and ensuring through passage of the AFC in this section. Also, a BS has the ability to provide: input of remote power supply from the DC of its site, reception (from corresponding subscriber terminals) of signals of various sensors of physical quantities, fire and security alarm systems and other services and their transfer to the DC; interactive distribution using radio means of signals of external telecommunication services transmitted from the US to subscribers of their site.

Examples of cable connections when transmitting sounding signals (1 - АЧВ) via the IQAS using the security subsystem, as well as the results of sounding, the fiber-air emergency communication channel and video monitoring (2 - ITV-1, 3 - ITV-2) using the communication subsystem in the three-section combined MSAD are shown in FIG. 8. The calculations showed a sharp asymmetry of traffic. Namely, for the effective operation of the CEE, a transmission speed of about 2 Mbit / s in the outgoing direction and about 2.5 Gbit / s in the incoming direction is required.

Thus, in the proposed combined MSAD, the security system functionally consists of interconnected security and communication subsystems, and circuitry - from the hardware complexes of the central, nodal and base stations, a set of fiber optic cables and a set of software. Moreover, the communication subsystem is built on the same principles as the modern local telecommunication fiber-optic subscriber access system, and also has sharply asymmetric communication traffic. However, unlike the latter, it is inverted. Namely, the amount of information transmitted in the incoming direction is much higher than the volume in the outgoing direction, which is used only for transmitting low-speed control signals to nodal and base stations, as well as for the emergency communication channel between the dispatcher and operational crews. This feature was used in the present invention for the distribution of modern telecommunication services (television broadcasting, Internet connection, etc.) with fundamentally reverse traffic (see Fig. 8) in a protected area, which, without interfering with the functioning and without reducing the noise immunity of the security subsystem , will lead to a significant reduction in the payback period of the CEE due to the collection of a subscription fee for the services provided.

The first technical result is achieved due to the compatibility of construction principles and schemes of telecommunication and security systems (compare Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), as well as due to the inversion of their communication traffic.

The second technical result is achieved by dividing the protected area into a large number of connected perimeter sections.

The third technical result is achieved by using the perimeter length of each section of not more than 10-15 km and the communication subsystem of the double bus topology.

The fourth technical result is achieved by introducing a built-in fiber-ether channel for emergency communication between the dispatcher and the operational teams and also by using the perimeter length of each section no more than 10-15 km.

The fifth technical result is achieved due to the distribution of modern telecommunication services in the protected area.

Claims (5)

1. Fiber-optic security system of a large economic object, which is a ring topology protection subsystem made using the coherent reflectometry method according to a scheme containing a highly coherent laser emitter, a pulsed-controlled optical modulator, and an X-type optical splitter, to the first input of which an optical modulator output is connected , to the first and second outputs, respectively, a sensor fiber laid along the perimeter of the protected zone with a non-reflective load on e and just a non-reflective load, and to the second input there is a photodetector, an electronic amplifier and a device that detects backscattering in the sensor fiber due to acoustic impact when crossing the border of the protected area by the intruder, characterized in that it is equipped with a communication subsystem, and the ring topology protection subsystem consists of more than one security module, each of which includes a highly coherent laser emitter, a pulsed-controlled optical modulator and an X-type optical splitter , to the first input of which the output of the optical modulator is connected, to the first and second outputs, respectively, a sensor fiber laid along the perimeter of the protected zone with a non-reflective load at the end and just a non-reflective load, and to the second input - a photodetector, an electronic amplifier and a device that records backscattering in sensory fiber due to acoustic impact when crossing the boundary of the protected zone by the intruder, in the protection subsystem of the ring topology, each section of the protected zone is covered by a meter with a length of not more than half the coherence length of the used laser emitter by a separate sensor fiber related to the equipment of the corresponding security module, while the communication subsystem diagram is built on the basis of a double bus or double tree topology with spatial diversity of the main and backup optical paths, and into the optical circuit for base stations were introduced into each section of the protected zone, with the help of which signals were generated and transmitted to the control center preliminary processing and sequential transmission of the sensing results of all sections of the security subsystem to a single control center using time and spectral separation of channels and signal regeneration in each section, and the sensor fiber is an optical fiber cable made of acoustically sensitive fiber and two additional single-mode fibers for separate transmission signals of the outgoing and incoming directions of the communication subsystem to eliminate the mutual influence of both fiber subsystems on-optic security system. 2. The fiber-optic security system of a large economic facility according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication subsystem scheme is built on the basis of a double bus or double tree topology with spatial separation of the main and backup optical paths and base stations are introduced into the optical scheme of each section, with with the help of which the formation and transmission to the control center of real-time video monitoring signals was carried out at least part of the infrastructure facilities of the protected area. 3. The fiber-optic security system of a large economic facility according to claim 2, characterized in that the fiber-ether channel for emergency communication of the dispatcher with the operational teams is additionally introduced, the operation of which is carried out through the communication subsystem. 4. The fiber-optic security system of a large economic facility according to claim 1, characterized in that in the protected area the communication subsystems are used as transmission channels for telecommunication signals. 5. Fiber-optic security system of a large economic object, which is a ring topology protection subsystem made using the coherent reflectometry method according to a scheme with equipment containing a highly coherent laser emitter, a pulsed-controlled optical modulator and an X-type optical splitter, the output of which is connected to the output optical modulator, to the first and second outputs, respectively, a sensor fiber with a non-reflective load at the end and just non-reflective at load, and to the second input - a photodetector, an electronic amplifier and a device that records backscattering in the sensor fiber due to acoustic impact when crossing the border of the protected area by the intruder, characterized in that at each site of the protected area, divided into interconnected areas with a perimeter length of more than half the coherence length of the used laser emitter, a separate ring topology subsystem is placed according to the scheme with the specified equipment, and interconnected with this satisfying the equipment of the communication subsystem, which is capable of realizing the function of pre-processing and serial transmission of the results of sensing of all sections of the security subsystems to a single control center via a separate fiber optical fiber cable using a time and spectral separation of channels and signal regeneration in each section.

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