RU2591183C2 - Method of applying control action on switching element of sensor for locating object in control area and sensor for locating object in control area based thereon - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: method of applying control action on the switching element of a sensor for locating an object in a control area includes using a receiving sleeve, an elastic bushing, a switching element connected to the cable of an actuating member, creating a sensitive zone and positioning the control object through the action of the object on the receiving sleeve, causing the elastic bushing to bend, while enabling the degree of bending of the elastic bushing to match the value of the shift of the switching element relative to the actuating member. The elastic bushing is configured for rigid attachment on one side and connection with the receiving sleeve on the other. The cable is mounted by a fixing member in the extreme position of the elastic bushing, and the switching element with the cable is installed inside the receiving sleeve so that the actuating member and the switching element are located in the sensitive zone.

EFFECT: avoiding a complex mechanical arrangement for the sensor for controlling the position of objects in a control area for operation in any spatial position in difficult operating conditions, such as humidity, dust, aggressive media and strong vibrations.

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Description

The claimed technical solution relates to the field of switching technology, and in particular to methods and devices that can determine the location of the object in the control zone, while the objects can be made of various materials. This makes it possible to use the claimed technical solution when creating sensors and various systems for determining the position of objects used in robotics, in security alarms, in instrumentation, in automation means of ensuring safety in transport, in mechanical engineering, metallurgy, in other areas of human activity, where it is necessary to determine the position of objects made of various materials.

Terms used.

Organization (nova-lat., From organum - organ) - the device of something, a connection into a coherent whole. / Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. /http://dic.academic.ru/ Chudinov A.N., 1910.

Switching - changing connections in electrical circuits (turning on, off, switching their individual parts), performed using special equipment (in electrical engineering).

http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/efremova/_Explanatory Dictionary of Ephraim.

The impact governing in the theory of control is the impact of the governing body on the control object /http://big_economic_dictionary.academic.ru/ Large Economic Dictionary /.

An element is an integral part of a complex whole, http://slovari.yandex.ru/ Explanatory dictionary of foreign words.

A sensor, a primary converter, an element of a measuring, signaling, regulating or controlling device of a system that converts a controlled quantity (pressure, temperature, frequency, speed, movement, voltage, electric current, etc.) into a signal convenient for measurement, transmission, conversion , storage and registration, as well as for its impact on managed processes. /http://slovari.yandex.ru/BSE.

The acting element is a sensor element that exerts a control action on the switching element.

A switching element is a sensor element that changes its state under the action of an acting element.

The object (from the Latin objectum - letters, 'cast before smth.'), That which is perceived, thought, discussed and processed, unlike the subject (the one who perceives, thinks, discusses and processes it). /http://krugosvet.ru // Encyclopedia Krugosvet.

Location, female, (special). Locating something / http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/ogegova/_ Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova.

Control (French: controle, from contrerole) - verification of something / http://slovari.yandex.ru/ BSE.

Zone (from the Greek. Zonē - belt) - a site, region, belt, strip of something that has a certain qualitative feature (for example, a border zone, a zone of silence, Fresnel zones, etc.).

A sensor for locating an object in a control zone is a sensor designed to control the position of a controlled object relative to the sensor itself in a certain area of space.

A technical solution is known in which the method of organizing the control action on the sensor switching element is carried out by the fact that the switching element is made in the form of an inductor creating a sensitive zone and an output signal, and the acting element is made in the form of a rolling body, while the inductor is placed under the rolling surface moreover, they provide the ability to adjust the distance between it and the rolling surface, and the sensor for locating the object in the control zone contains a dielectric housing material or non-metal material with a cover, a camera, a rolling surface that is aligned with the inner surface of the housing, creating a camera in the housing, a rolling body, a switching element in the form of an inductor (Utility Model Patent No. 109551, priority date 20.10.2011 g .). When the device is tilted from the vertical axis, the rolling body enters or leaves the response zone, thereby acting on the switching element, changing the logical state of its contacts, and the distance between the rolling body and the switching element determines the value of the output signal.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the use of gravity of the rolling body, which means that the use of the device is possible only relative to the vertical axis, excluding applications in any spatial position.

A technical solution is known in which the method of organizing the control action on the sensor switching element is carried out by the effect of the acting element in the form of a permanent magnet, installing the latter on a controlled object, and the switching element in the form of a magnetically controlled contact detecting the presence of a magnetic field, and setting it in positioning zone, and the sensor for location of the object in the control zone consists of two separate parts of a magnetically controlled contact and a permanent magnet (RF patent for the invention No. 2304820, “Reed switch end” MPK Н01Н 36/00, priority dated 04.07.2005). The approach of a controlled object with a magnet mounted on it to a magnetically controlled contact fixed in the positioning zone leads to a change in the logic signal of the latter.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the need to install a permanent magnet on a controlled object, which significantly reduces the scope in practice, and in some conditions makes its use impossible.

A technical solution is known, selected as a prototype, in which the method of organizing the control action on the sensor switching element is carried out by the fact that the switching element is made in the form of a magnetically controlled contact, the latter is fixed motionless, the acting element is made in the form of a permanent magnet, the latter is fixed on the movable beam, and the sensor for location of the object in the control zone contains a housing, an elastic sleeve, a magnetically controlled contact, a receiving sleeve that is connected to a magnet, installed oval in the housing on a moving beam, a mechanical system of cables and levers (http://delcom.com.ua/production/catalogue/ksl-2/). When an object appears in the controlled zone, it acts on the receiving sleeve of the sensor, which, changing its position in space, through a system of cables and levers removes the beam with a magnet from the zone of operation of the magnetically controlled contact, which leads to the switching of the latter.

The disadvantage of this method of organizing the impact on the switching element of the sensor is the presence of a complex mechanical circuitry used to transmit movement from the receiving sleeve to the magnet mounted on the movable beam outside the receiving sleeve, which leads to unreliable operation of the sensor made on its basis. Products made on this principle have low reliability and service life, require adjustment, frequent maintenance, and repair, which leads to a rise in the cost of manufacture and operation.

The authors were tasked with developing a reliable way of organizing a control action on a sensor switching element for locating an object in a control zone, excluding a complex mechanical circuit and a sensor for locating an object in a control zone for working with objects made of various materials in any spatial position, to exclude this complex kinematic schemes with mechanical components, thereby increasing the reliability of the product and at the same time reduce its cost.

The problem is solved in that in the method of organizing the impact on the sensor switching element to locate the object in the control zone, including the use of a receiving sleeve, an elastic sleeve, a switching element connected to the cable, the acting element, creating a sensitive zone, positioning the object in the control zone is carried out by object on the receiving sleeve, while causing bending of the elastic sleeve, ensure that the degree of bending of the elastic sleeve to the shift value of the switching element of the relative But the acting element, the elastic sleeve and the cable can be rigidly fixed on one side, and the elastic sleeve connected to the receiving sleeve on the other hand, the switching element is installed inside the receiving sleeve so that the acting element and the switching element are in the sensitive area, and the correspondence the degree of bending of the elastic sleeve, the shift of the switching element relative to the acting element is provided due to the difference in the lengths of the arcs of the wall of the elastic sleeve and cable. In addition, the elastic sleeve is in the form of a spring. The switching element is in the form of a magnetically controlled contact, and the acting element in this case is in the form of a permanent magnet. The switching element is in the form of an inductor, and the acting element in this case is made of metal. The switching element is made in the form of metal plates located concentrically and forming an electric capacitance between themselves, and the acting element is made of any material.

And in the sensor for locating the object in the control zone, including the receiving sleeve, the elastic sleeve, the switching element connected to the cable, the acting element, the elastic sleeve and the cable are made with the possibility of rigidly fasten them on one side, and connect the elastic sleeve with the receiving sleeve on the other side, the switching element is installed inside the receiving sleeve so that the acting element and the switching element are in the sensitive zone, and the degree of bending of the elastic sleeve corresponds to the shift of the switching element The relative to the acting element is provided due to the difference in the lengths of the arcs of the wall of the elastic sleeve and the cable. In addition, the elastic sleeve is made in the form of a spring. The switching element is made in the form of a magnetically controlled contact, and the acting element in this case is made in the form of a permanent magnet. The switching element is made in the form of an inductor, and the acting element is made of metal. The switching element is made in the form of metal plates located concentrically and forming an electric capacitance between themselves, and the acting element is made of any material.

The technical effect of the proposed technical solution is to increase reliability, to expand the field of application of sensors for location of the object in the control zone, including in difficult operating conditions (humidity, dust, aggressive environment, high vibration), to reduce the cost and operating costs, in the ability to locate objects made of various materials.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

The figure 1 presents a flowchart explaining the implementation of the proposed method of organizing a control action on the switching element in the sensor to localize the object in the control zone and the operation of the inventive sensor to localize the object in the control zone for example 1, where 1 is a receiving sleeve, 2 is an elastic sleeve , 3 - switching element, 4-cable, 5 - cable retainer, 6 - object, 7 - acting element, 8 - sensitive area.

The figure 2 presents a flowchart explaining the implementation of the proposed method of organizing the control action on the switching element in the sensor to localize the object in the control zone and the operation of the inventive sensor to localize the object in the control zone for examples 2 and 3, where 1 is the receiving sleeve, 2 - elastic sleeve, 3 — switching element, 4 — cable, 5 — cable clamp, 6 — object, 7 — acting element, 8 — sensitive zone.

The principle of operation of the proposed method of organizing a control action on a switching element in a sensor for localizing an object in a control zone and the sensor operation for locating an object in a control zone based on this method can be explained in general terms using FIG. 1 as follows.

The elastic sleeve 2 is made with the possibility of rigidly fastening it on one side (the mounting methods can be different and depend on the tasks of practical application, for example, it is possible to fix the elastic sleeve on the bracket, pour it into a concrete product, attach it in place with a clamp, etc.) and constructively connected to the receiving sleeve on the other hand. An actuating element 7 is formed inside the sleeve, creating a sensitive zone 8. A switching element 3 is installed inside the receiving sleeve 1 and connected to the cable 5. The switching element 3 is installed so that it is in the sensitive zone 8 of the acting element 7. Cable 4 is rigidly fixed with a cable retainer 6 in the extreme position of the elastic sleeve 2.

During the location of the object in the control zone, the object 6, which is controlled, acts on the receiving sleeve 1, causing it to shift, the elastic sleeve 2 bends, while the length of the outer wall of the elastic sleeve 2 increases, thereby increasing its length and the length of the sensor as a whole . Since one section of the cable 4 is rigidly fixed in the extreme position of the elastic sleeve 2, and the opposite end with the switching element 3 is able to move freely inside the receiving sleeve 1, the sensitive area 8 is removed from the switching element 3. When the switching element 3 is completely out of the sensitive zone 8 there is a change in its logical state, thereby recording the appearance of object 6 in the control zone. Correspondence of the degree of bending of the elastic sleeve 2 to the shear of the switching element 3 relative to the acting element is ensured by the difference in the lengths of the arcs of the wall of the elastic sleeve and the cable.

Organized in this way, the control action on the switching element of the sensor to localize the object in the control zone allows you to create a sensor to localize the object in the control zone on its basis, working in any spatial position without using complex mechanical systems consisting of rods, cables and levers. Simplicity of execution and the absence of the need for maintenance gives the claimed technical solution a significant economic effect, allows you to expand the scope of application of products, including in conditions of high aggressiveness, dust and humidity, increases their resistance to vibration and reliability in operation.

Example 1. The switching element can be made in the form of a magnetically controlled contact, while the acting element is made in the form of a permanent magnet (Fig. 1).

The switching element 3 is made in the form of a magnetically controlled contact, installed inside the receiving sleeve 1 and connected to the cable 4. The switching element 3 is set so that it is in the sensitive zone 8 created by the magnetic field of the acting element 7 (permanent magnet). Cable 4 is rigidly fixed by the cable retainer 5 in the extreme position of the elastic sleeve. The acting element 7 is made in the form of a permanent magnet, creating a sensitive zone 8.

When the object is located in the control zone, the object 6 acts on the receiving sleeve 1, causing it to shift, the elastic sleeve 2 bends, while the length of the outer wall of the elastic sleeve 2 increases, thereby increasing its length and the length of the sensor as a whole. Since one section of the cable 4 is rigidly fixed in the extreme position of the elastic sleeve 2, and the opposite end with a magnetically controlled contact is able to move freely inside the sleeve 1, the sensitive area 8 is removed from the magnetically controlled contact. With the complete exit of the magnetically controlled contact from the sensitive zone 8, a change in the logical state of the magnetically controlled contact occurs, thereby recording the appearance of object 6 in the control zone. The elastic sleeve can be made in the form of a spring.

Example 2. The switching element can be made in the form of an inductor, while the acting element is made of metal (Fig. 2).

The switching element 3 is made in the form of an inductor, which when energized creates a sensitive zone 4 in the form of an electromagnetic field, while the acting element is made of metal in the form of the end part of the receiving sleeve 1. The switching element 3 is installed inside the receiving sleeve 1 and connected to the cable 5 The cable 5 is rigidly fixed by the cable retainer 6 in the extreme position of the elastic sleeve 2.

The switching element 3 is installed so that the acting element in the form of the end part of the receiving sleeve 1 is in the sensitive zone 4 created by the electromagnetic field of the inductor 3.

When the object is located in the control zone, the object 7 acts on the receiving sleeve 1, causing it to shift, the elastic sleeve 2 bends, while the length of the outer wall of the elastic sleeve 2 increases, thereby increasing its length and the length of the sensor as a whole. Since one section of the cable 5 is rigidly fixed in the extreme position of the elastic sleeve 2, and the opposite end with the inductor 3 has the ability to move freely inside the sleeve 1, the acting element in the form of the end part of the receiving sleeve 1 is removed from the sensitive zone 4. With full exit the acting element from the sensitive zone 4 there is a change in electrical parameters in the circuit of the inductor, thereby recording the appearance of the object 6 in the control zone.

Example 3. The switching element can be made in the form of metal plates located concentrically and having an electric capacitance between themselves, while the acting element is made of a dielectric or metal (Fig. 2).

The switching element 3 is made in the form of metal plates arranged concentrically, having an electric capacitance, which when applied, create a sensitive zone 4 in the form of an electric field, while the acting element 7 is made of dielectric or metal in the form of the end part of the receiving sleeve 1.

The switching element 3 is installed inside the receiving sleeve 1 and connected to the cable 5. Cable 5 is rigidly fixed by the cable retainer 6 in the extreme position of the elastic sleeve 2.

The switching element 3 is installed in such a way that the acting element 7 in the form of the end part of the receiving sleeve 1 is in the sensitive zone 4 created by the electric field of the metal plates 3.

When the object is located in the control zone, the object 6 acts on the receiving sleeve 1, causing it to shift, the elastic sleeve 2 bends, while the length of the outer wall of the elastic sleeve 2 increases, thereby increasing its length and the length of the sensor as a whole. Since one section of the cable 5 is rigidly fixed in the extreme position of the elastic sleeve 2, and the opposite end with the inductor 3 has the ability to move freely inside the sleeve 1, the acting element in the form of the end part of the receiving sleeve 1 is removed from the sensitive zone 4. With full exit the acting element from the sensitive zone 4 there is a change in electrical parameters in the circuit of the metal plates, thereby recording the appearance of the object 6 in the control zone.

The advantages of the proposed technical solution

The advantages of the proposed technical solution are as follows:

- Allows you to create sensors and various systems for determining the position of objects used in robotics, in security alarms, in instrumentation, in automation tools for ensuring safety in transport, in mechanical engineering, metallurgy, in other areas of human activity where it is necessary to determine the position of objects, made of various materials,

- It has high reliability,

- Does not require additional mechanical components to transmit the movement of the receiving sleeve when exposed to a controlled object.

Claims (10)

1. The method of organizing the impact on the switching element of the sensor to localize the object in the control zone, including the use of a receiving sleeve, an elastic sleeve, a switching element connected to the cable, the acting element, creating a sensitive zone, positioning the object in the control zone, which is carried out by influencing the object on the receiving sleeve, while causing bending of the elastic sleeve, ensure that the degree of bending of the elastic sleeve corresponds to the shift of the switching element relative to the characterized in that the elastic sleeve is rigidly fixed on one side and connected to the receiving sleeve on the other hand, the cable is fixed with a latch in the extreme position of the elastic sleeve, the switching element with the cable is installed inside the receiving sleeve so that the acting element and the switching element was in the sensitive zone, and the degree of bending of the elastic sleeve to the shift value of the switching element relative to the acting element is provided by p znitsy arc lengths of the elastic wall of the sleeve and the cable. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the switching element is in the form of a magnetically controlled contact, and the acting element is in the form of a permanent magnet. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the switching element is in the form of an inductor, and the acting element is made of metal. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the switching element is made in the form of metal plates arranged concentrically and forming an electric capacitance between themselves, and the acting element is either made of metal or a dielectric material. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the elastic sleeve is made in the form of a spring. 6. A sensor for locating an object in the control zone, including a receiving sleeve, an elastic sleeve, a switching element, an actuating element connected to the cable, characterized in that the elastic sleeve is rigidly fixed on one side and connected to the receiving sleeve on the other side, the cable is fixed by a latch in the extreme position of the elastic sleeve, the switching element with the cable fixed by the latch is installed inside the receiving sleeve so that the acting element and the switching element are in area, and the degree of bending of the elastic sleeve to the value of the shift of the switching element relative to the acting element is ensured by the difference in the lengths of the arcs of the wall of the elastic sleeve and cable. 7. The sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that the elastic sleeve is made in the form of a spring. 8. The sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that the switching element is made in the form of a magnetically controlled contact, and the acting element is made in the form of a permanent magnet. 9. The sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that the switching element is made in the form of an inductor, and the acting element is made of metal. 10. The sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that the switching element is made in the form of metal plates arranged concentrically and forming an electric capacitance between themselves, and the acting element is made of any material.

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