RU2590912C2 - Method for ice-free water passage in under-bridge channels of small bridges - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: roads.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to anti-icing methods, specifically to methods of controlling ice formation in fresh small streams at intersection of their transport structures, for example road or railways. Method of for ice-free water passage in under-bridge beds of small bridges includes insulation of bed. In hole of the bridge is deepened bed and filling draining heat-insulating material in form of foamed glass to ensure preservation of positive temperatures at bottom of channel for free passage of water.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of reliability of transport facilities due to elimination of ice-formation in under-bridge streams.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods of combating ice accumulation, and in particular, to methods of combating icing in the channels of small streams at the intersection of their transport facilities, such as roads or railways.

There is a method of combating ice, which consists in the insulation of drainage ditches, using coatings from brushwood and snow or film and snow, so that part of the winter time maintains a positive temperature (Manual for the design, construction and operation of artificial structures of roads on ice streams. M .: Transport, 1989. - Table 4).

The disadvantage of the design is its imperfection. Snow insulation in areas with little snow is a very unreliable option. This design requires annual assembly and disassembly, cannot withstand rising water levels in the channel and requires constant monitoring.

There is a method of combating ice, which consists in creating a thermal belt, which is a ditch along the perimeter of which the soil most of the winter time remains at a positive temperature (Anti-ice on railways and roads. Issue 7. - M .: Transport, 1966. - 110 p.; p. 65).

The limitations of the considered method lies in the fact that the thermal regime of the belt is determined by the thickness of the snow cover. In the absence of snow cover or with its small thickness, the belt works as permafrost, accelerating the freezing of soil and the formation of a permafrost bridge.

Closest to the proposed one is a method of ice-free passage of watercourses, which consists in straightening and deepening the channels and their further warming using various heaters laid over the watercourse (Guide for the Design of Artificial Road Structures on Watercourses with Frosts. - M .: Transport, 1978. - 60 s .; p. 21).

As thermal insulation materials, foams, slags, peat are used. When insulating slag, the advantage is the availability and low cost of materials, but when wetted, the thermophysical properties of the slag deteriorate, not providing drainage insulation.

Foams, in particular extruded polystyrene foam, have insufficient bending strength and any movement of the structure (for example, due to soil heaving) can break the insulation boards, and even to lay the boards of expanded polystyrene, a leveled surface is required, which makes it difficult to carry out work on the device and the content of drainage.

There is also known a method (patent No. 2151232 "Methods of combating ice in low snow areas of permafrost"), including installing over the channel bed with a heater located above it. Before installing the flooring, a distribution grid is placed over the channel, and tubular filters are necessary in the channel, which are necessary to reduce the specific pressure on soft soils of the ice glade and to facilitate the discharge of permafrost waters into the channel of the stream, respectively.

The disadvantage of this design is the large number of parts and the complexity of installation and maintenance. The use of such a design in cramped conditions, for example, under low bridges, will not allow you to place the entire design structure.

The present invention allows to eliminate icing in the bridge channel due to its insulation and to exclude the pressure of ice on the spans and bridge supports. Effective anti-icing when using this method is possible under all operating conditions.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of ice-free passage of water in the bridge channels of small bridges, including the warming of the channel, according to the invention, the channel is deepened in the opening of the bridge and filled with drainage heat-insulating material in the form of foam glass gravel while maintaining positive temperatures at the bottom of the channel for unhindered water passage.

Due to the preservation of positive temperatures in the channel of the watercourse in winter, the flow of water outside the structure and its release in a safe place is ensured. Protection of the channel from freezing is possible when filling it with material having the following properties:

- draining;

- having rounded particles to reduce resistance to water flow;

- the possibility of selection according to particle size distribution;

- low coefficient of thermal conductivity in a humid environment due to the low hygroscopicity of the material;

- high strength characteristics;

- possessing thermal, chemical and frost resistance.

The use of such material eliminates the need for additional insulation and provides the ability to carry out work only for a one-time installation. As drainage heat-insulating material for filling the channel, foam glass gravel can be used.

In FIG. 1 shows the transverse profile of the bridge, the channel of which is filled with drainage heat-insulating material, where 1 is the hole of the bridge, 2 is the reinforcement layer, 3 is the recessed channel, 4 is the heat-insulating layer, 5 is the zone of positive temperatures.

The method is as follows.

In the hole of the bridge 1 deepen the channel 3, which is filled with drainage heat-insulating material. The upper layer of heat-insulating material is covered with a reinforcement layer 2, for example, with a stone outline.

During operation, the entire structure is filled with water. In winter, the part of the water located on top freezes, forming a heat-insulating layer 4 with heat-insulating material, while maintaining a zone of positive temperatures 5 at the bottom of the channel, which ensures unhindered passage of water.

Claims (1)

A method of waterless passage of water in the bridge channels of small bridges, including channel warming, characterized in that the channel is deepened in the opening of the bridge and filled with drainage heat-insulating material in the form of foam glass gravel to ensure that positive temperatures are maintained at the bottom of the channel for unhindered passage of water.

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