RU2582970C1 - Device for treating pain and oedema after injury - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine and can be used for local application when offering medical assistance to persons in acute posttraumatic period. Described is a device for treating pain and oedema following injury, including a package of a sealed shell made from strong inert easily separated from frozen solution material with an additional inner sealed package, in which there is a napkin made from moisture-resistant high-sorption material, which is impregnated with 20-25 % glucose solution, which accumulates cold during conversion into ice solution and intended for application on skin.

EFFECT: device provides faster removal of oedema and pain injured area due to action on involved body area of chemical agent, which provides additional fluid outflow from oedema.

15 cl, 1 tbl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, more specifically to the pharmaceutical industry, in particular to medical products for analgesic and decongestion for topical use in the provision of medical care to persons in the acute post-traumatic period.

The main symptoms of a bruise are: pain in a damaged place, hemorrhage due to rupture of blood vessels, the formation of a hematoma and edema. Very severe pain after a bruise can mean that the bones are damaged. Pain, the first symptom of a bruise, appears immediately at the time of the injury and can be significant. Then the pain decreases slightly or is moderate, and 1-3 hours after the injury, it resumes or increases significantly. A change in the nature of the pain, an increase in their intensity is due to increased traumatic edema, hemorrhage or an increase in hematoma.

With injuries, tissue cells are destroyed. This entails the entry into the intercellular substance of biologically active substances. Direct vascular damage leads to hemorrhage in the tissue. All this causes various biochemical reactions, the purpose of which is to protect the body from a damaging factor. The impact of a damaging factor affects the nerve receptors, which causes not only pain, but also triggers the body's defenses. However, cellular and biochemical defense mechanisms aggressively apply not only to threatening factors, but also to their own tissues.

This is precisely the cause of swelling and persistent soreness in the area of injury. Under the influence of biologically active substances, vascular reactions occur - they narrow, blood clots form, and thus bleeding stops. Later, under the influence of biologically active substances around the wound, paralysis of the microvasculature of the vascular bed occurs in the intact tissue - small vessels expand, the permeability of the vascular wall increases.

Due to the expansion of blood vessels, blood circulation in the affected area increases, which causes redness of the tissues around the wound. However, the outflow of blood from the area of damage is difficult, since the venous bed reacts less to biologically active substances.

As a result of the difference between the inflow and outflow, favorable conditions are created for exit through the vascular walls with increased permeability of the liquid part of the blood and cells.

First aid for injuries such as limb bruising involves applying ice or any coolant.

As coolants, you can use improvised means - napkins moistened with cold water, or pieces of ice, as well as therapeutic bags for cooling body tissues of two main types. The action of the first packets is based on the endothermic reaction that occurs when some salts are dissolved in water (US Pat. N4462224, US Pat. N3559416, CL 62-4, 1971). They are containers in which there are chemicals that are capable of combining with each other or with water to react with the absorption of heat (respectively, with the release of cold). The hypothermic package is activated by compressing it with a hand, as a result of which the inner container is destroyed and conditions arise for the endothermic reaction associated with the dissolution of the thermoactive chemical.

The action of packages of the second type is based on the preliminary freezing of the contents of the package (for example, gel) in a refrigerator (US Pat. N4595250, 1986, French Patent No. 2589354, 1987). Such bags have a large heat capacity, but cannot provide an instant therapeutic effect without first cooling them for several hours in the freezer.

The tools at hand are not convenient to use due to the complexity, they are not always available.

Hypothermal bags are preferable, since they can be included in the arsenal of funds that are supplied to medical personnel. Currently, the following cooling packages are on sale: the APPOLO water-salt cooling package; hypothermic (cooling) package “TutKakTut; hypothermic package container GP2 - “Miral”; first-aid package container, polymer cooling "Binokh"; cooling package container “DE”; hypothermic package (cooling) "Snowball".

Cooling bags are used to assist with: bruises, sprains, dislocations of the joints; bone fractures; prolonged compression of tissues; traumatic amputation; injuries to the eye and abdomen; nosebleeds; heat and sunstroke; allergic reactions; bites of arachnids and insects.

However, the action of both improvised means and packages, both the first and second types, is based only on the creation of a hypothermic effect, which is not always enough to provide a painkiller and decongestant effect.

Closest to the claimed is US patent No. 95250, 1986, which describes a device made in the form of a sealed bag, inside of which a gel is placed. The cooling effect of the package occurs when the gel is frozen. After keeping the bag in the freezer, it is placed on the injured surface and left on it until the hypothermic effect is maintained.

The disadvantage of this tool is the poorly pronounced decongestant and analgesic effects.

We suggested that this decongestant and analgesic effects can be enhanced by additional tissue dehydration when a hypertonic solution is applied to the affected area.

These assumptions were confirmed by experimental studies, which showed that when using a 20-25% glucose solution cooled below the freezing point as a dehydrating solution, analgesic and decongestant effects are significantly higher than only during cooling.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the creation of a hypothermic device that has a more pronounced therapeutic effect in the form of more rapid removal of edema and soreness of the injured area due to exposure to the affected area of the body of a chemical agent that provides additional outflow of fluid from the site of edema.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for treating pain and swelling after an injury includes a bag of a sealed shell made of a durable inert material that can easily be separated from a frozen solution, with an additional internal sealed bag placed inside it, in which a napkin made of high-strength high-sorption material is placed, which is impregnated with a 20-25% glucose solution that accumulates cold when the solution turns into ice and is intended for application to the skin.

The napkin can be folded in several layers. The tissue material may be multi-layer. The tissue material is single-layer.

The napkin can have any geometric shape.

The napkin may be made of non-woven material.

The napkin can be made of non-woven material based on polypropylene.

Napkin can be made of paper.

The napkin may be made of a woven fabric of cotton or other fibers suitable for impregnation.

The napkin can be made of viscose.

Napkin can be made of cotton textile.

The napkin can be made of medical gauze.

The sealed package may be made of polyethylene and / or foil.

The sealed envelope of the bag may be made of moisture resistant paper.

The claimed device is illustrated by figure 1, where the numbers indicate the following elements:

1 - a package of an airtight shell, 2 - a napkin soaked in 20-25% glucose solution.

The claimed device is made as follows.

A non-toxic material capable of absorbing a large amount of water, for example, cotton fabric, viscose fabric, non-woven fabric, can be used to manufacture the product. The above and other materials can be single-layer or multi-layer. The thickness of the material varies from 1.0 to 20.0 mm.

Pieces of various shapes are cut from the material (the shape of the napkin can be oval, round, rectangular and any other geometric shape. The total area of the napkin can be from 10 to 800 sq. Cm.

Cut pieces of material are immersed in a solution of 20-25% glucose for 15-20 minutes. Then they are removed from the glucose solution and placed in a sleeve, for example from polyethylene, and hermetically sealed by sealing the free ends of the sleeve. In the case of placing the napkin in an additional inner bag, the sealed plastic bag is placed in a larger sleeve made, for example, of a coated paper, and hermetically sealed. Finished products are stored in the freezer.

For long-term storage of the product at room temperature, sterilization is necessary.

The claimed device for the treatment of pain and swelling after an injury is used as follows.

Before use, the bag is removed from the freezer with a cooling temperature of 18-20 ° C, the bag is opened, a napkin with a frozen glucose solution is removed, if necessary, it is straightened if it was folded in several layers, and the damaged area has a significant area.

Frozen wipes, periodically replacing them with new ones due to defrosting, are held for 30 minutes, but every three to five minutes, especially in cases when there is pain from the cold, take a break in the application so as not to cause frostbite. The liquid released from the ice is carefully wetted, leaving the surface above the injured area constantly moistened.

As a result of the use of the claimed agent immediately after an injury (bruise), as a rule, the victim did not develop post-traumatic edema and hematomas (bruises). If the remedy was applied in the presence of an already developed edema, then the edema quickly decreased, much faster than with the application of only a cold agent. The analgesic effect also occurred faster than with only one hypothermia.

Comparative tests of the claimed and known drugs were carried out among football players who received soft tissue injuries in the form of lower leg bruises that were similar in characteristics. The injuries received were characterized by severe pain at the time of the injury, redness of the bruise, sometimes the appearance of edema and subcutaneous hemorrhage.

In group 1, the application of the claimed device was carried out.

In group 2, a frozen napkin soaked in water was applied.

In group 3, a hypothermic package “Snowball” was placed on the injured area.

The application time was the same in all 3 groups - 30 minutes. The applicator was applied for 3-5 minutes and took a break for 60-80 seconds.

The analgesic effect was judged by the time of subsiding of the expressed pain.

The decongestant properties of the funds invested were judged by the reduction of existing edema and the prevention of their development during the first day.

As observations showed (see table No. 1) in group 1, the analgesic effect occurred already at 5 minutes of application, in groups 2 and 3 - only at 7-9 minutes.

None of the injured athletes after the application of the claimed drug before the development of edema had it in the future. In groups 2 and 3, edema developed in 30% of cases.

If athletes with existing edema were treated, then after 30 minutes its area in group 1 was reduced to 50%, and in groups 2 and 3 only by 20-25%. In group 1 with existing edema and hematoma, no increase in hematoma was also observed.

The tests clearly showed that the claimed device has pronounced analgesic and decongestant properties.

These properties of glucose solution can be explained as follows. 20-25% glucose solutions due to the phenomena of hyperosmosis and the structure of glucose molecules can reversibly weaken the contacts of skin epithelial cells, which facilitates the release of excess fluid to the skin surface from the intercellular spaces of damaged soft tissues.

Prevention of the development of edema with local application can be explained by the protective effect of glucose molecules that have penetrated the lesion sites. Since glucose solution has a high viscosity, it can "seal" the damaged capillaries and reduce hemorrhage. In addition, since the cause of the development of edema is the release of biologically active substances, including enzymes, kinins, it is possible that glucose molecules absorb and thereby “neutralize” these compounds.

Claims (15)

1. A device for treating pain and swelling after an injury, comprising a bag of a sealed shell made of a durable inert material that is easily detachable from a frozen solution, with an additional internal sealed bag placed inside it, into which a napkin is made of high-strength high-sorption material, which is impregnated with 20- 25% glucose solution that accumulates cold when the solution turns into ice, and is intended for application to the skin. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the napkin is folded in several layers. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the tissue material is multilayer. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the tissue material is single-layer. 5. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the thickness of the napkin is 1.0-20.0 mm 6. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the napkin has any geometric shape. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the napkin is made of non-woven material. 8. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the napkin is made of non-woven material based on polypropylene. 9. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the napkin is made of paper. 10. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the napkin is made of a woven cloth of cotton or other fibers, suitable for impregnation. 11. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the napkin is made of viscose. 12. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the napkin is made of cotton textile. 13. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the napkin is made of medical gauze. 14. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealed envelope of the bag is made of polyethylene and / or foil. 15. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealed envelope of the bag is made of moisture-resistant paper.

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