RU2582746C1 - Gripping device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: nuclear energy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to nuclear power engineering and can be used in nuclear reactors with liquid metal coolant discharge elements, in particular for extraction of side reflectors. Gripping device comprises a body, movable slide, control mechanism, gripping and lifting elements. Two gripping elements are made in form of rotary profile rods to turn about their axes and with axial fixation in housing. Cylindrical part of rotary profile rods has shaped slots, and lower part has eccentrically arranged gripping ledges. Movable slider made in form of an eccentric shaft is installed coaxially to gripping elements to move relative to cylindrical body and is located outside zone of liquid metal heat carrier. Movable slider is fitted with rollers, which provide for rotation of gripping elements to required angle. Housing is equipped with collection assembly, which is located between gripping elements. Length of gripping elements is sufficient for passage of layer of heat carrier to side reflectors.

EFFECT: broader technological capabilities of gripping device and higher reliability.

3 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of nuclear energy and can be used mainly in nuclear reactors with a liquid metal coolant for unloading the elements of the active zone, in particular for the extraction of side reflectors.

When unloading side reflectors in a nuclear reactor with a liquid metal coolant, it is necessary to carry out technological operations to engage the gripper with the nut of the reloading side reflector, stragging them (“detonating”) from their place and lifting them into the reloading container under conditions of nuclear and radiation danger.

A feature of this overload process seems to be that structurally side reflectors, in one of the particular cases, are mounted at a minimum distance from the walls of the nuclear reactor vessel, which imposes requirements on the overall dimensions of the gripper, while the gripper mechanisms must remain operational when exposed to it liquid metal coolant.

Known automatic capture for goods with a figured head (patent RU 1625808, B66C 1/66, publ. 07.02.1991), comprising a housing, articulated levers, articulated in its lower part, a rod and a slider connected to a copier.

The drawback of the capture is its overall dimensions and the fact that it works under conditions that do not require passing at a minimum distance from the walls of the nuclear reactor vessel, ensuring that the buoyancy force is overcome when immersed in the coolant, and the need for operability when exposed to high temperatures under the coolant layer.

Known gripping device for goods with a figured head (patent RU 2034770, B66 / C 1/66, publ. 05/10/1995) containing gripping balls located in the radial holes of the guide, and equipped with locking balls located in the holes of the housing and interacting with additional sleeve.

The disadvantages of this gripping device are the impossibility of its passage due to dimensions at a minimum distance from the walls of the nuclear reactor vessel and the impossibility of its operation at high temperatures of the liquid metal coolant. In addition, it does not allow to exclude damage to the gripping elements (guide) during the "undermining" of the side reflectors and to monitor the state of the gripping device ("closed" or "open"), because It works in automatic mode, which can lead to an emergency when unloading side reflectors.

The closest set of essential features to the proposed invention is a gripping device (Application for invention RU No. 2012155271 A, B66C 1/66, publ. 06/27/2014) containing a housing, gripping elements, a control mechanism, lifting elements and a flange. The housing is made with a control mechanism in the form of a control cam with curly grooves, with a core and rods for opening the gripping device. The gripping elements are made in the form of rotary rods, at their respective ends there are crackers for “grasping” the heads of the spent fuel assemblies, a flange for abutting against the housing flange and rollers on the axes with the possibility of moving along the figured grooves, and a trapping unit is installed in their lower part, restricting bending of slewing rods in case of “blasting”. The essence of the known gripping device is that the lifting elements are attached to the housing, in which a control cam with curly grooves is located, interacting with the rollers of the gripping elements, which are made in the form of rotary rods located in the housing flange, with a knot installed in the lower part of the rotary rods trapping, limiting their bending when "undermining".

However, only side reflectors mounted at a sufficient distance from the walls of the nuclear reactor vessel can be removed with this gripper. The disadvantages of this gripping device include:

- its overall (diametrical) dimensions, which cannot be reduced, because the minimum location of diametrically mounted rotary rods is limited by the size of the "fungus" of the detonated element;

- the inevitable ingress of the liquid metal coolant into the friction bearings of the capture unit, its accumulation and solidification, which will lead to jamming of the rotary rods and thereby impair the operation of the unit if measures are not taken to remove the liquid metal coolant;

- constructive design of lifting elements in the form of two symmetrical blocks, which will not allow to reduce the overall (diametrical) dimensions of the gripper, because the main dimension of the gripping device is determined not by the diameters of the blocks, but by the diagonal between the extreme points of the blocks, and such a design of lifting elements will not ensure the reliability and safety of using the gripping device, in the event of a possible breakage of one of the hoisting ropes, misalignment of the extracted product with a grip will occur.

The problem solved by the invention is the development of the design of the device, allowing to carry out technological operations for coupling it with a side reflector located at a minimum distance from the wall of the reactor, as well as "undermining" and lifting the side reflectors in the reloading container of the reactor, while the gripping mechanism must retain operability when exposed to liquid metal coolant.

The invention is aimed at achieving the following technical results, which are:

- the ability to unload the side reflectors, taking into account their location with a crowded arrangement of elements in the reactor, excluding mechanical damage;

- improving the reliability and safety of the use of the gripper;

- prevention of jamming of rotary profile rods;

- elimination of misalignment of the gripping device and side reflector when one of the hoisting ropes is broken;

- eliminating the possibility of damage to the gripping elements when the “undermining” of the side reflectors;

- expanding the technological capabilities of the gripper.

The problem is solved in that the gripping device comprising a housing, gripping elements, a control mechanism and lifting elements, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a movable slider. The housing, in addition to the central hole, has an eccentric hole, and two gripping elements are installed coaxially with the eccentric hole in it, which are made in the form of profile rotary rods with the possibility of rotation around their axes and with axial fixation in the housing. In this case, the cylindrical part of the rotary profile rods has curly slots, and the lower part of the rotary profile rods has eccentrically located gripping protrusions. The movable slider is made in the form of an eccentric shaft and is mounted coaxially to the gripping elements with the possibility of movement relative to the cylindrical body. Moreover, the movable slider is equipped with an eccentric cylindrical element mounted coaxially with the eccentrically located opening of the housing. The upper part of the movable slider is made in the form of a rod mounted on the axis of the housing with an eccentricity relative to the axis of the movable slider associated with the control mechanism by means of a Z-shaped bar with the possibility of movement along the lifting elements. Rollers on axles are mounted in the movable slider, which interact with the figured slots of the gripping elements and, when the movable slider moves, they rotate the gripping elements to the required angle. In addition, the housing is equipped with a capture unit, which is located between the gripping elements.

It is advisable that the length of the gripping elements is sufficient to pass the layer of liquid metal coolant to the nut reloading side reflector.

The movable slider is located outside the zone of the liquid metal coolant.

Curly slots of the gripping elements are made along helical lines directed towards each other.

The housing is equipped with a protrusion to perform “detonation” of the side reflectors.

The technical result is achieved due to:

- removal of sliding support of the gripping elements from the zone of the liquid metal coolant;

- installation of lifting elements in the form of cross-mounted blocks placed one above the other;

- reducing the overall dimensions of the gripping device.

The invention in the particular case of implementation is illustrated by the following drawings, presented in FIG. 1-13:

FIG. 1 is a general view of a gripping device;

FIG. 2 is a view A in FIG. 1 (gripper);

FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 1 (elements of the gripping device);

FIG. 4 is a section bb in FIG. 2 (gripper);

FIG. 5 is a section DD in FIG. four;

FIG. 6 is a section EE in FIG. 4 (elements of the gripping device);

FIG. 7 is a view G in FIG. four;

FIG. 8 is a section GG in FIG. 2 (gripper open);

FIG. 9 - section II in FIG. 8 (elements of the gripping device in the "open" position);

FIG. 10 is a view K of FIG. 8 (elements of the gripping device in the "open" position);

FIG. 11 is a section GG in FIG. 2 (gripper closed);

FIG. 12 is a section LL in FIG. 11 (elements of the gripping device in the closed position);

FIG. 13 is a view M of FIG. 11 (elements of the gripping device in the closed position).

The gripping device (Fig. 1) comprises a housing 1, load-lifting elements 2, a control mechanism 3, gripping elements 4 (Fig. 4, 6) and a movable slider 5 (Fig. 4).

The housing 1 is made massive, with the ability to overcome a significant buoyancy force of the coolant.

Lifting elements 2 (Fig. 1 and 2) are made in the form of cross mounted blocks placed one above the other, fixed in the upper part of the housing and attached to the lifting rope of the transfer container (not shown in the drawing).

The control mechanism 3 (Figs. 1 and 4) is connected to the movable slider 5 (Figs. 3, 4, 6) by means of a Z-shaped bar 6 (Figs. 4 and 5). Z-shaped strip 6 is located in the groove 7 (Fig. 1) of the lifting elements 2 with the possibility of movement in it.

The movable slider 5 is massive and coaxially inserted into the housing 1 with an eccentricity a (Fig. 3, 4, 6) and is equipped with an eccentric cylindrical element 8 (Fig. 4) mounted coaxially to the eccentricly located hole of the housing 1 and rollers 9 (Fig. 6 ), which are installed on the axes 10 (Fig. 6). In the movable slider 5, a groove 11 is made (Fig. 4), at the same time providing the necessary movement along the housing 1 and fixation from rotation about the housing 1 with the key 12 installed in it (Fig. 3).

In the gap between the housing 1 and the movable slider 5 are installed with an eccentricity and two gripping elements 4 (Fig. 4 and 6) for coupling with the nut reloading 13 (Fig. 4, 7, 9, 13) of the side reflector. The gripping elements 4 are made in the form of long profile rotary rods, at the ends of which there are eccentric gripping protrusions 14 (Fig. 7) with an eccentricity b (Fig. 12). The gripping elements 4 have the ability to rotate at the required angle when moving the movable slider 5 due to the interaction of the rollers 9 mounted on the movable slider 5 using the axes 10 and the figured slots 15 (Fig. 10 and 13) of the gripping elements 4. The figured slots 15 are made by helical lines and are located towards each other. A movable slider 5 is mounted coaxially with the rotary rods.

Between the profile of the rotary rods mounted node capture 16 (Fig. 4 and 9), attached to the housing 1.

The housing 1 of the gripping device has a protrusion 17 (Fig. 1), which allows for “undermining” the side reflector using a special telescopic system (not shown in the drawing), which excludes the application of large forces to the hoisting rope of the reloading container.

The operation of the gripper is as follows.

In the initial position, the gripping device is suspended by the lifting elements 2 on the winch cable of the transfer container (not shown) (Fig. 8, 9, 10). In this case, the rollers 9 of the movable slide 5 are located in the upper part of the curly slots 15 of the profile rotary rods, and the gripping projections 14 are turned outward (from the center to the periphery) (Fig. 9). Movable slider 5 raised.

Using a pointing device (not shown in the drawing), the gripping device is guided to the coordinate of the side reflector to be removed, after which the gripping device is lowered by the winch of the reloading container until the lifting ropes are weakened (not shown in the drawing). In this case, the catching unit 16 rests against the reloading nut 13 of the side reflector, restricting the downward movement of the housing 1 associated with the gripping elements 4. The massive housing 1 of the gripping device provides it with the ability to overcome the significant buoyancy force of the liquid metal coolant and only the gripping elements 4 under the coolant layer.

The control cable (not shown) is released, attached to the control mechanism 3, and the massive movable slider 5 moves down under the action of its own weight. The rollers 9, inserted into the figured slots 15 of the profile rotary rods, rotate them to the required angle, thus engaging the gripping projections 14 under the nut reloading 13 of the side reflector towards each other. Now the gripper is in the closed position (Fig. 9, 10, 11).

Next, they carry out “undermining” of the side reflector using a special telescopic system (not shown in the drawing) for the protrusion 17 (Fig. 1) of the housing 1 of the gripping device, lifting the side reflector with a controlled effort to a fixed height. Then, using the lifting elements 2, the housing 1 with the control mechanism 3 is moved up, lifting the gripping device with a side reflector into the transfer container.

Thus, the proposed gripping device allows you to efficiently and reliably unload the side reflectors into the reloading container while maintaining the operability of the mechanisms when exposed to a liquid metal coolant.

Claims (3)

1. A gripping device comprising a housing, gripping elements, a control mechanism and lifting elements, characterized in that the housing is made with an eccentrically located hole, in the upper part of which is mounted a movable slider with a groove that moves the movable slide along the housing and fixes it from rotation relative to the housing is installed with a key, in the bore of the middle part of the housing there are gripping elements made in the form of profile rotary rods, on the cylindrical part of which there are curly slots in which rollers are mounted on the axes mounted in the movable slider, the gripping elements have eccentrically located gripping protrusions in the lower part, the upper part of the movable slider is made in the form of a rod mounted on the axis of the housing with an eccentricity relative to the axis of the movable slide, the control mechanism by means of a Z-shaped bar with the ability to move along the lifting elements, made in the form of crosswise mounted blocks placed one above the other and fixed ennyh in the upper housing part. 2. The gripping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is equipped with a capture unit, which is installed between the gripping elements. 3. The gripping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the curly slots of the gripping elements are made along helical lines directed towards each other.

Images