RU2582739C1 - Retractable hangar - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to shipbuilding and storage devices of aircraft on board ship. Retractable hangar consists of U-shaped steel solid structure and drive. Fixation of retractable hangar in extreme closed additionally provides locking devices, which are installed on sliding hangar crossbars. Crossbars are mating cavity barrels accommodating balls. Balls can lock crossbars in places of grooves by screwing casings on barrels.

EFFECT: simple, easy and safe design.

3 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding and relates to storage devices for aircraft on board a vessel.

In shipbuilding, a large number of retractable telescopic hangars of various designs are used. They make it possible to provide basing or temporary shelter of aircraft in conditions of limited vessel length and consist, as a rule, of separate sections, retractable one into another.

The following analogues are known:

- retractable electric-powered hangars from companies such as Indal Technologies and FHS;

- retractable telescopic hangars with hydraulic drive;

- retractable hangars with electro-hydraulic drive.

The indicated types of retractable hangars are used on an icebreaker of the Wind type and an icebreaking vessel of the John Cabot type (Kashtelyan V.I., Ryvlin A.Ya., Faddeev O.V., Yagodkin V.Ya. Icebreakers, - L .: " Shipbuilding ”, 1972, pp. 272-275), on ships of the coastal defense of the Navy of Canada and the USA, on Italian frigates of the Lupo-class type and patrol ships of the NUMC type.

However, a common disadvantage of the known analogues are:

- non-autonomy, that is, the impossibility of use in case of loss of power supply or pressure drop in the hydraulic system, for example, in case of combat damage;

- a large length of pipelines and electrical cables;

- as a rule, the unevenness of the materials of the buildings of the sliding hangars with the materials of the buildings of the superstructures in which the hangars are located;

- high energy intensity of equipment;

- the absence of any drives to move the retractable hangar, that is, its manual extension with the help of stops.

The following analogues are also known - collapsible hangars, which are used on icebreakers in the USA and Canada, for example, hangars with a soft (tent) coating, stretched on a light collapsible frame (Kashtelyan V.I., Ryvlin A.Ya., Faddeev O. V., Yagodkin V.Ya. Icebreakers, - L .: “Shipbuilding”, 1972, p. 272-275).

However, these types of structures are uneven with the body of the superstructure of the ship and only partially protect the aircraft from precipitation, spray, wind and temperature influences, and also require a long assembly time after the aircraft is landing on the take-off and landing platform of the ship, i.e. not ready for action. In addition, the use of collapsible structures is limited or difficult in conditions of strong sea waves, and it is also not entirely safe for the personnel of the ship.

The aim of the present invention is to provide a retractable hangar with a foot drive that eliminates these disadvantages.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the pedal drive, which allows translational movement of the section where it is impossible to use an electric, hydraulic or combined drive, is attached to the housing of the sliding hangar.

A general view of a retractable hangar is shown in FIG. 1, 2, 3.

Retractable hangar 1 consists of a housing of a retractable hangar 5, which forms a U-shaped steel three-dimensional structure, a block of rollers 6, which are a rolling support, a block of wheels 7, rollers top 8, designed to limit the swinging of the retractable hangar in the transverse direction relative to the ship when rolling , drive 9, grabs 11 and installed on-board locking devices 12.

Retractable hangar 1, relying on blocks of rollers 6, is placed on the rail tracks of the lower 2, attached to the deck deck. The sliding hangar is moved along the lower rail tracks by means of a drive 9, a two-row sprocket 27 of which is run on a chain rail 25, shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7. The blocks of wheels 7 fix the movement of the retractable hangar in the transverse direction relative to the ship. Grips prevent the sliding hangar from moving vertically. The rail tracks top 54 and the rollers top 8 prevent the swinging hangar from swinging in the transverse plane while rolling the ship. In the extreme retracted position, the retractable hangar abuts against the buffers (see Fig. 9) mounted on the hull structure of the ship. When stopping in the extreme extended position, the retractable hangar is additionally moored with chain slings 4. On the proposed retractable hangar, an opening for passage of aircraft and other wheeled vehicles is made, closed by a louvre closure or gate.

The roller block 6 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, is the rolling support of the sliding hangar when moving along the lower rail 2. The roller block consists of a housing and two rollers in a balancing suspension. The axle suspension form an axis, two cages and two axles. Rollers mounted on bushings. The bearings are also mounted on slide bearings. The axis of the balancer suspension is prevented by a key. The clips are fixed on the axis of the balancing suspension using rings of steel and spring rings. The axles of the rollers are fixed in cages with the help of retainers, bolts and washers. The roller blocks are mounted on a retractable hangar using washer bolts and nuts.

The block of wheels 7 shown in FIG. 2, 3, 4, is fixed on the housing of the retractable hangar 1 and is designed to fix in the horizontal plane the position of the retractable hangar relative to the rail of lower 2. The wheel block consists of a housing in which two vertical axles with wheels are placed. Each axis is fixed in the block body with two nuts and a washer. The wheels are mounted on plain bearings. The wheels are fixed to the axles with washers and bolts. One of the axes is stationary relative to the block body. The other axis is eccentric, which allows you to change the gap between the wheel and the lower rail. The eccentric axis has a square in its upper part for gripping with a tool.

The upper roller 8 shown in FIG. 5, is intended to limit the swing of the retractable hangar in the transverse direction relative to the ship during rolling. The top roller consists of a cup 14, in which the rod 15 moves with the wheel 17, spring-loaded with a disk spring package 19. The presence of a spring package ensures continuous contact of the upper roller wheel with the upper rail. The wheel is mounted on the axis 21 on the sleeve 16. The axis is fixed in the stem housing with the help of the scavenger 18. The movement of the stem is limited by two dowels 20 fixed by screws to the glass housing. The top roller is equipped with an oiler 22. The top rollers are mounted on the housing of the retractable hangar. On the longitudinal walls of the housing of the retractable hangar, two top rollers are installed on each side.

The sliding hangar drive shown in FIG. 6, is designed to move the retractable hangar in the longitudinal direction relative to the ship. The sliding hangar drive includes a crank mechanism 23, a worm gear with a drive sprocket 24, a chain rail 25. The crank gear lever and the input shaft of the worm gear are interconnected by means of a nut and washer key. The crank mechanism and the worm gear with the drive sprocket are located on the left side of the retractable hangar, and the chain rack is in the recession of the left line of the lower rail tracks. The chain rack tensioner is located on the upper deck.

The crank mechanism of the bicycle type shown in FIG. 6, is designed to convert the reciprocating movement of the legs of the operator into the rotational movement of the output shaft, transmitted to the worm gear. The crank mechanism consists of a crankshaft with pedals. The pedals are mounted on the axles using bushings provided with grease fittings. The crankshaft is mounted in housings using ball bearings.

The operator’s workplace for the convenience of work can be equipped with both a chair and handrails.

The worm gearbox shown in FIG. 6, is intended to increase the operator’s effort applied to the pedals of the crank mechanism to a value sufficient to move the retractable hangar. The inlet section of the gear worm is connected to the crank lever. A double-row sprocket 27 is installed on the output shaft of the worm gearbox, which is meshed with a chain rack 25. A double-row sprocket 27 (see Fig. 7) is mounted on the shaft 26 via a spline connection and secured with a ring 28, a lock washer, and a round nut 29. Depending on the weight of the retractable hangar, the gearbox can also be made in two or three stages.

The advantage of using a worm gearbox is the ability to provide self-locking retractable hangar in any position along the entire length of the chain rack.

The chain rail shown in FIG. 8, is designed to convert the rotational movement of the sprocket of a two-row drive of movement into the translational motion of a retractable hangar. The main element of the chain rail is a double-row sleeve-roller chain 30. One end of the chain is fixed in the seal 31. The other end of the chain is attached to the pull rod of the tensioner using a link 32. The tensioning device consists of a stop 33 mounted on the upper deck, a rod 34 and two nuts. Of these two nuts, the inner one serves as a drive when pulling the chain, and the outer one stops it, being a lock nut. The washers form a spherical hinge, which allows the thrust to self-align along the line of action of the force. The seal is fixed to the rail with screws and washers. The emphasis is fixed to the upper deck with bolts.

Lower railways shown in FIG. 1, serve as guides for the longitudinal movement of the retractable hangar relative to the ship. Sleepers are welded to the deck deck. On the upper deck there are two lines of rail tracks. The selection in the railways on the port side is used to place a chain rail with a tension device for moving the sliding hangar. Also, lower rail tracks have additional side surfaces that are symmetrically deployed on two sides. To protect the aft ends of the lower rails from mechanical damage, the endings are installed on the deck deck. The installation of lower rail tracks is carried out on foundations with studs welded to the upper deck. The lower rail tracks can be made recessed into the deck, to ensure minimal gaps between the sliding hangar and deck deck.

The rail tracks of the upper 54 shown in FIG. 3, serve as guides for the wheels of the upper rollers during longitudinal movement of the retractable hangar relative to the ship. The upper rail tracks are placed side by side in the upper part of the longitudinal recess bulkheads under a retractable hangar.

The buffer of FIG. 9, is designed to prevent a hard strike of a retractable hangar into the hull of the ship when it approaches the extreme retracted position. The composition of the retractable hangar includes two buffers located side by side. The buffer consists of a lower glass 35 mounted on the ship's hull. The upper glass 36 is put on the lower glass. The spring 38 inside the buffer softens the impact when the upper glass contacts the moving housing of the retractable hangar. The movement of the upper cup is limited by keys 37.

The locking device is designed for additional mooring of the retractable hangar in the fully retracted position. The locking device in the retracted position of the retractable hangar is shown in FIG. 10. The retractable hangar consists of two locking devices located on the side. The locking device consists of a bracket with a stopper mounted on a retractable hangar, and a crossbar 47 located on the ship's hull. The stopper is connected to the bracket. The stopper includes the base of the housing 39 and the holder 42, connected by spacers 44 with nuts and washers, a glass 41 and a casing with a flywheel 40. The glass is held in the stopper body by a cover 43. The casing has the ability to move along the external thread of the glass. In the recesses of the glass there are balls 45. The movement of the balls is limited in one direction by the casing, and in the other by circlips 46.

Fixation of the retractable hangar in the extreme retracted position is performed as follows:

- the casing is unscrewed on the glass in the direction of the base of the housing, providing an allowable free movement of the balls;

- bolts of locking devices are included in the response cavity of the glasses;

- the casing is screwed onto the glass in the direction of the cage, clamping the balls on the crossbars in the places of the grooves, which ensures the locking of the retractable hangar.

The locking of the retractable hangar with locking devices is carried out in the reverse order.

The guide device shown in FIG. 11, is intended for laying a flexible cable channel through which power is supplied to consumers on a retractable hangar. The retractable hangar includes one guide device located on the port side. The guide device consists of two guides - a fixed guide 48 and a movable guide 49 having a trough-like profile and nested one into the other. The fixed guide 48 consists of a trough (welded casing) in which rollers are mounted using axles and rings. The movable guide 49 is supported on these rollers. The movable guide 48 consists of a welded body on which rubber plates are mounted with glue. The movable guide at one end with the help of the axis 50, the scaffold 51, bolts and washers is pivotally mounted on the housing of the retractable hangar. The other end of the movable rail freely rests on the rollers of the stationary rail and slides along them when moving the retractable hangar. Flexible cable channel 52 is laid in a movable guide.

The hooks shown in FIG. 3, serve to limit the vertical movement of the retractable hangar during heavy waves. The retractable hangar consists of two pickups located side by side. Pickup 11 is a piece of a curved shape, mounted on the housing of a retractable hangar and covering the rail head of the lower rail.

The advantages of the design of the proposed retractable hangar are:

- simplicity of design;

- ease and safety in operation;

- the possibility of upgrading the ship to increase the useful volume of the hangar without significant revision of the hull structures due to the external design of the lower rails;

- the ability to use materials of the hull of a retractable hangar, equal to the materials used of the hull of the superstructure of the ship;

- autonomy of the use of a retractable hangar, since the drive does not require the supply of electricity and working fluid.

Claims (3)

1. A retractable hangar, consisting of a U-shaped steel volumetric structure and a drive, characterized in that the retention of the retractable hangar in the extreme retracted position is additionally provided by locking devices, which are bolts mounted on the retractable hangar, entering the mating cavities of the glasses inside which the balls are installed having the ability to lock the bolts in the grooves by screwing the covers on the glasses. 2. The retractable hangar according to claim 1, characterized in that the ride smoothness when extending and retracting the retractable hangar, as well as stability in extreme retracted and extended positions when the sea is rough, is ensured by the use of spring-loaded top rollers mounted on the retractable hangar housing and having the ability to move along rail tracks upper, placed on bulkheads of the hangar, grabs of figured construction, with the possibility of limiting the vertical movement of the retractable hangar with strong excitement due to Lenia with the lower surfaces of lower projections of track and wheel units having lateral engagement with the lower rail tracks. 3. The retractable hangar according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its movement is ensured by a bicycle-type foot drive using a worm gear, the output shaft of which is terminated by a two-row sprocket that can be moved along a chain rail including a tensioning device and a chain, lower original rail laid in a rail, having a selection and additional side surfaces symmetrically deployed on both sides and providing self-braking of the retractable hangar along the entire length of A stainless steel rail through the use of a worm pair, which allows for energy independence and autonomy when extending and retracting a retractable hangar.

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