RU2580148C1 - Hopper for loose fodders - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery for fodder preparation and is intended for dosing of dry fodders. Dry fodder measuring hopper comprises a vessel accommodating a cylinder-shaped spiral shaft, a comb and a grid. Spiral shaft is installed along the vertical symmetry axis of the hopper vessel and provides for a possibility of rotational movement; it also contains blades attached square with its axis turns. At that, inside the spiral shaft there is installed a cylindrical rod providing for the shaft turns clearance. Comb has flat pins with a two-sided cutting edge and is installed without a gap above the grid. Spiral shaft and comb pins are actuated via a coupling by an electric drive.

EFFECT: measuring hopper has a simplified design and allows to decrease irregular distribution of fodder.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery for the preparation of feed and is intended for dispensing bulk feed.

A well-known bulk feed hopper-dispenser (RU No. 2170200, 07/10/2001) is provided, comprising a hopper with a 4-blade dispenser placed under it, the blades of which are straight and mutually fixed perpendicularly to a shaft mounted horizontally with rotation in sleeves located in the side walls of the dispensing cameras above the discharge window. The dispenser is also equipped with a shredder, and it is located directly under the hopper discharge window.

The disadvantage of this design is the lack of reliability in the operation of the cultivator rods at a high height of the hopper, as they will experience great resistance in the feed environment. In addition, it is necessary to have unloading devices that would create a strong air flow to provide enough powerful torque to drive these rods. Another disadvantage of the metering device is the lack of feed loosening blades in the work area, which leads not only to a decrease in the uniformity of the dosage process, but also to an increase in the energy intensity of this process.

The prototype of the proposed technical solution is a bulk feed hopper (Pat. No. 2287263, 11/20/2006) containing a spiral shaft with a comb mounted along the vertical axis of symmetry of the hopper, an electric drive of the shaft, where according to the invention the spiral shaft with a variable pitch is mounted vertically with rotation and reciprocating movement in the area of possible arch formation.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complex design of the dispenser and the lack of uniformity of the feed dosing process.

The technical task of the invention is the creation of a hopper-dispenser bulk feed simple and reliable design with increased uniformity of dosage of feed.

The present problem is solved in that the bulk feed hopper, comprising a spiral shaft mounted along the vertical axis of symmetry of the hopper, a comb with flat fingers, an electric drive shaft, further comprises a grate for unloading the feed placed under the comb, and the spiral shaft is made of a cylindrical shape, with perpendicularly placed on the turns of the shaft with blades, while inside the spiral of the shaft, with a gap relative to its turns, a cylindrical rod is installed. The fingers of the comb are made with a bilateral cutting edge.

The drive of the spiral shaft and the flat fingers of the comb is carried out through the coupling from the electric drive.

The other known technical solutions for a similar purpose with a similar set of essential features when conducting a search in the scientific and technical literature and patent documentation were not found by the applicant. The set of essential features of the proposed bunker-dispenser of bulk feed does not follow explicitly from the studied prior art, has significant differences from the considered analogues. Therefore, the applicant believes that the inventive bulk feed hopper meets the criterion of "novelty" and has an inventive step. Bulk feed hopper can be manufactured using well-known equipment and used in various feed mills and feed workshops. Therefore, it meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which show an example of execution of the hopper-dispenser of bulk feed in accordance with the invention.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view and arrangement of a bulk feed hopper.

In FIG. 2 - section along aa.

The bulk feed hopper includes a cylindrical hopper 1, inside of which a spiral shaft 2 of cylindrical shape, a comb 3 with flat fingers 4 having bilateral cutting edges, is installed on the vertical axis of symmetry. The spiral shaft 2 is connected by means of a coupling 5 to the shaft 6 of the electric drive 7. Under the comb 3 of the spiral shaft 2 there is a grate 8 for unloading the feed. On the turns 9 of the spiral shaft 2 there are blades 10 mounted perpendicular to its vertical axis. A cylindrical rod 11 is installed inside the spiral shaft 2 with a clearance relative to its turns 11. The lower end of the spiral shaft 2 is connected to the comb 3 through the coupling 12. The comb 3 is mounted without a gap above the grill 8 for unloading the feed.

Dosing of the feed is carried out by the fingers 4 of the comb 3 through the holes of the grill 8.

The device operates as follows.

When the electric drive 7 is turned on, rotation through its shaft 6, the coupling 5 is transmitted to the spiral shaft 2, while simultaneously driving the blades 10, which are rigidly connected with the turns 9 of the spiral shaft 2, which during rotation contribute to the simultaneous destruction and loosening of the feed layer above the comb.

Simultaneously with the rotation of the spiral shaft 2, the rotation through the clutch 12 is transmitted to the comb 3, which causes the feed to expire through the holes of the grill 8.

Due to the fact that the rotation from the electric drive 7 to the comb 3 is transmitted through the spiral shaft 2, and the interaction between the comb 3 and the grill 8 is dry friction, angular self-oscillations of the comb 3 occur in addition to its main rotational movement. The angular velocity of the comb in this case is described by the dependence:

Ω = Ω ₀ + φ _and ωcosωt, where

Ω ₀ - the angular velocity of the main rotational motion of the comb 3, corresponding to the angular velocity of the electric drive 7;

φ _a ω is the angular amplitude and angular frequency of rotation of the comb 3.

Vibrational self-oscillations of comb 3 contribute to increasing the uniformity of dosage of bulk feed. In this case, one electric drive 7 provides rotation and oscillation of the comb 3.

With strong resistance to rotation of the comb 3, deformation and kink of the spiral shaft 2 is possible. To prevent this, a cylindrical rod 11 is located inside the spiral of the shaft 11. In the normal operation of the device, there is a gap between the spiral shaft 2 and the rod 11 that does not prevent the occurrence of angular self-oscillations of the comb 3. Cutting the edges of the fingers 4 of the comb 3 crush the feed particles, which contributes to a good cleaning of the lattice 8.

The feed of the metering hopper is changed by adjusting the angular speed of the electric drive, for example, using a digital frequency converter of the supply current.

Claims (2)

1. Bulk feed hopper containing a spiral shaft mounted along the vertical axis of symmetry of the hopper, a comb with flat fingers, an electric drive shaft, characterized in that it further comprises a grid for unloading the feed placed under the comb, a spiral shaft made of a cylindrical shape, with perpendicularly placed on the turns of the shaft with blades, while inside the spiral of the shaft, with a gap relative to its turns, a cylindrical rod is installed. 2. Bulk feed hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the fingers of the comb are made with a bilateral cutting edge.

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