RU2580104C2 - Multilayer packet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal use articles.

SUBSTANCE: multilayer packet consists of outer and inner layers and a gasket located between them, it is characterised in that the insulating gasket has a honeycomb structure made in the form of regular hexagons formed by stretching in the transverse direction of the lavsan strips which are bonded to each other at sites alternating with the free sites of the same length, and on adjacent strips the bonded and the free sites are staggered, and a reflective material is attached to the outer surface of the inner layer and the inner surface of the outer layer.

EFFECT: multilayer packet enables to provide high enough quantities of the total thermal resistance of thermal protective garments without significant increase in its weight.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the production of heat-shielding materials used in the manufacture of clothing for protection from the cold, which contributes to the formation of comfortable microclimatic conditions in the clothing area, which is achieved by optimizing the intensity of all types of heat transfer between a person and the environment. Often, optimization is reduced to the need to reduce the heat flux density in the structure of a package of heat-protective clothing.

Traditionally, a decrease in heat flux density is achieved by introducing into the package an insulating layer containing in its structure small air volumes enclosed between the fibers or layers. Such volumes are formed randomly in the process of manufacturing the paintings, which does not allow for high insulation of such cells and, accordingly, to immobilize the air in the structure of the insulation. This is expressed in the rather low values of thermal resistance of traditional synthetic heaters. Nevertheless, one of the criteria for their effectiveness is low volumetric weight, indicating an increased air content.

An alternative approach is the creation of regular structures in which immobilized closed air cavities are formed. This allows not only to provide a sufficient level of isolation of air cells, but also to set their sizes.

Known multilayer heat-insulating bag containing a main layer made of textile material, and structural elements formed in an additional layer placed on the front side of the main layer in rows continuously or intermittently, or adjacent to each other, or overlapping. Structural elements are made hollow of non-crushable textile material, and the inner side of the structural elements has a metallized coating (RF patent 2415622, publ. 04/10/2011).

The design flaw is not complete sealing of the air cells formed by structural elements, which does not allow to achieve the air immobilization necessary to eliminate convective flows. Also, the package does not have windproof elements, which does not allow to reduce the intensity of forced convection in the structure of the package in wind conditions.

A multilayer bag is known mainly for overalls, consisting of the outer, inner layers and gaskets placed between them, with corrugations arranged so that the opposite vertices of adjacent rows are facing one another and connected to one another, and the vertices of each subsequent row are shifted in one direction in height package relative to the corrugation peaks of the previous row connected to them by an amount not exceeding half the height of the package (see USSR author's certificate No. 1253586, publ. 08/30/1986).

The design drawback is the lack of elements that reduce the intensity of thermal radiation and elements that prevent the penetration of air into the structure of the package due to wind pressure. The use of foam in the manufacture of corrugations increases the rigidity of the package and its weight, which reduces the ergonomic characteristics of the package.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a multilayer workwear package consisting of outer and inner layers and gaskets placed between them, made of corrugated elements laid in parallel rows at intervals, the corrugations of which are perpendicular to the outer and inner layers, and the connecting elements with a width equal to the width corrugation bases connected to the outer and inner layers and corrugated elements and parallel to the outer and inner layers (RF patent 2201703, publ. 10.04.2003).

Design disadvantages:

- air cells in the structure of the gasket communicate with each other, which contributes to the formation of the macro-layer and the intensification of naturally convective heat transfer in the structure of the clothing package;

- the design does not provide elements that reduce the intensity of heat transfer through radiation and forced convection.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase the heat-shielding properties of the package for insulated clothing by reducing the intensity of heat transfer in the structure of the package by convection and thermal radiation.

This task is achieved by the fact that the multilayer package, mainly for overalls, consists of the outer and inner layers and a gasket placed between them, which has a cellular structure made in the form of regular hexagons formed by stretching in the transverse direction lavsan strips that are fastened together in sections whose length is equal to the length of the cell, alternating with free sections of the same length, and in adjacent bands, the fastened and free sections are located in a checkerboard pattern in a row, and reflective material is attached to the outer surface of the inner layer and the inner surface of the outer layer.

The invention is illustrated in Fig 1-4.

In FIG. 1 shows a section through a heat-shielding package that contains an inner layer 1, an outer layer 2, to which a reflective material 3 is attached, for example, by means of a thread or adhesive, and a heat-insulating pad 4 represented by a cellular structure.

In FIG. 2 is a diagram of the cellular structure of the insulating pad 4 formed by stretching in the transverse direction the Dacron bands fastened together in sections 5, the length of which is equal to the length of the cell, alternating with free sections 6 of the same length, with bonded and free sections on adjacent strips in a checkerboard pattern.

In FIG. Figure 3 presents graphs of the dependence of the thermal resistance of insulation pads on their thickness.

In FIG. Figure 4 presents graphs of the dependence of the total thermal resistance of multilayer bags for heat-insulating clothing depending on the air velocity of the wind blowing them.

The increase in the total thermal resistance of the multilayer package for heat-protective clothing is achieved by:

- structuring the insulation strip into closed air cells, which allows not only to introduce significant air volumes into the insulation, but also create conditions for their immobilization, which excludes the possibility of heat transfer by natural convection;

- the presence of a reflective layer, which eliminates heat transfer in the insulating pad by thermal radiation and increases the wind resistance of the structure of the multilayer package for heat-protective clothing.

Obviously, with the exclusion of the possibility of convective and radiant heat transfer in the structure of the insulating pad, the main mechanism of heat transfer is the thermal conductivity of the air enclosed in the cells. Therefore, with the thickness of the cellular structure h = 5 ÷ 20 mm and the value of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the air λ _B = 0.025 W / (m · K), the calculated value of the thermal resistance of the gasket will be R _Σ = 0.2 ÷ 0.8 m ² · K / W. These data are confirmed by experimental results (Fig. 3). At the same time, the value of thermal resistance of traditional synthetic heaters of the same thickness is R _Σ = 0.2 ÷ 0.4 m ² · K / W.

In wind conditions, the loss of thermal performance of the proposed multilayer package for thermal protective clothing based on cellular structures is less pronounced than in the case of traditional insulation with the same structure of other layers of the package (Fig. 4).

An important indicator of insulation for clothes is their volumetric weight. The volumetric weight of traditional insulation is v = 100-800 g / m ² . For example, with a structure thickness of 20 mm, the bulk density of batting is 350-450 g / m ² ; sintepona - 290 g / m ² ; Shelter insulation - 230 g / m ² ; Heaterofiber insulation - 280 g / m ² .

The thermal resistance of batting is higher than that of most modern synthetic heaters with the same thickness. However, due to the higher bulk density, batting is currently rarely used in the manufacture of heat-protective clothing.

The volumetric weight of a cellular insulation with a structure thickness of 20 mm in combination with reflective layers is 15-150 g / m ² with a mylar film thickness of 0.3-30 μm.

Thus, the proposed multi-layered package allows you to provide a sufficiently high value of the total thermal heat-insulating clothing without a significant increase in its mass.

Claims (1)

A multilayer package mainly for overalls, consisting of the outer and inner layers and gaskets placed between them, characterized in that the heat-insulating gasket has a cellular structure made in the form of regular hexagons formed by stretching in the transverse direction mylar strips that are fastened together in sections alternating with free sections of the same length, moreover, on adjacent strips, the fastened and free sections are staggered, and to the outer surface A reflective material is attached to the early layer and the inner surface of the outer layer.

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