RU2578771C1 - Hydro-generator based on permanent magnets for underwater hydro-stations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices intended for fluid flow energy conversion into electric energy in conditions of low and medium rivers. Hydro-generator with permanent magnets for underwater hydro-stations comprises stators (1) with excitation windings (2) and permanent magnets. Stators (1) are made in the form of tubes from composite material with excitation windings (2) located inside tightly forming together with connecting pipes (4) ring system provided the possibility of longitudinal movement along guides (6) of ring system of slides (5). Slides (5) are made from composite material in the form of split rings with permanent magnets located inside tightly along the circuit.

EFFECT: higher durability, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, design technological effectiveness, reduced weight and dimensions, higher efficiency and power at small water flow rates.

8 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydropower, in particular to devices for converting the energy of a fluid stream into electrical energy in small and medium rivers.

Known hydrogenerator (patent RU 2370660), which is taken as the closest analogue. Known hydrogenerator contains an electric generator and a hydrodynamic drive. The electric generator is made birotative in the form of a cylindrical body with an excitation winding inside it and the external and internal rotors. The hydrodynamic drive is made in the form of two coaxially arranged turbines, one of which is installed on the outer surface of the outer rotor, and the second on the inner rotor. The generator is equipped with magnets mounted on the outer and inner rotors located respectively outside and inside the housing. The turbines are made screw, the second of which is installed on the inner surface of the inner rotor.

The well-known hydrogenerator requires the manufacture and assembly of complex units made of metal, a housing, external and internal rotors with bearing bearings, ensuring their lubrication and tightness, isolation of the field windings, magnets, which leads to the complexity of manufacturing technology and the cost of the unit. There are also requirements for wear resistance, anticorrosive properties of the material of the main components. All this in general reduces the efficiency of the hydrogenerator.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a permanent magnet hydro generator for subsea-type hydropower plants with an original, relatively simple, cheap, environmentally friendly, durable and efficient design, with relatively simple manufacturing and assembly technology, which generally increases the efficiency of the hydro generator.

The technical result consists in increasing the durability, wear resistance, corrosion resistance of the structure, increasing the manufacturability of the structure,

a decrease in mass and dimensions, an increase in the number of magnets, and an increase in efficiency and power at low water flow rates.

The technical result is provided by the following set of features.

Permanent magnet generator for subsea-type hydropower plants containing stators with field windings and permanent magnets, characterized in that the stators are made in the form of pipes made of composite material with field windings sealed inside, forming an annular system together with connecting pipes with the possibility of longitudinal movement along the guides of the ring system of sliders made of composite material in the form of split rings located inside hermetically along the contour of permanent magnets, while the blades are pivotally mounted on the outer surface of the sliders.

Besides:

- in the hydro generator, the stator winding is located at a minimum distance from the magnets in the sliders;

- rollers are installed in the sliders, located on both sides of the split groove, made with the condition of radial fixation and rolling of the sliders along the guides;

- the number of sliders is set according to the size of the hydroelectric power station and its capacity;

- the blades pivotally mounted on the sliders are made with emphasis with the possibility of taking the maximum specified angular position relative to the water flow when the sliders move with the flow and folding them when the sliders move against the stream.

- between the sliders are pushers directed by unipolar poles to each other;

- to the rails mounted racks made with the possibility of installation on the bottom of the reservoir;

- additionally installed hydrogenerator in position - one above the other.

The problem to which the invention is directed, and the technical result are interconnected as follows.

The durability, wear resistance, corrosion resistance of the structure is increased due to the use of composite materials of the main components of the structure, the technological design is increased, the mass and dimensions are reduced, the number of magnets is increased and the efficiency and power are increased at low water flow rates, the creation of a permanent magnet hydro generator for subsea-type hydropower plants is ensured original, relatively simple, cheap, environmentally friendly, durable and efficient design and relatively simple manufacturing technology and assembly, which generally increases the efficiency of hydraulic generator.

A brief description of the drawings.

In Fig.1 shows a permanent magnet hydrogenerator for underwater hydropower plants, in Fig.2 - a cross section aa in Fig.1.

The implementation of the invention

The invention can be implemented as follows.

For a permanent magnet hydro generator for subsea-type hydropower plants containing stators with field windings and permanent magnets, the stators are made in the form of pipes made of composite material with field windings sealed inside, forming a ring system together with connecting pipes with the condition of longitudinal movement along ring guides systems of sliders made of composite material in the form of split rings with permanent magnet located inside hermetically contour while the blades are pivotally mounted on the outer surface of the sliders.

Besides:

- in the hydro generator, the stator winding is located at a minimum distance from the magnets in the sliders;

- rollers are installed in the sliders, located on both sides of the split groove, made with the condition of radial fixation and rolling of the sliders along the guides;

- the number of sliders is set according to the size of the hydroelectric power station and its capacity;

- the blades pivotally mounted on the sliders are made with emphasis with the possibility of taking the maximum specified angular position relative to the water flow when the sliders move with the flow and folding them when the sliders move against the stream;

- between the sliders are pushers directed by unipolar poles to each other;

- to the rails mounted racks made with the possibility of installation on the bottom of the reservoir;

- additionally installed hydrogenerator in position - one above the other.

Thus, the purpose of the invention as an electric hydrogenerator is realized.

Description of the design of the device.

The hydrogenerator consists of two stators 1 made of composite material, made in the form of pipes with field windings 2, hermetically sealed as close as possible to the outer surface of the stators 1. Connecting pipes 4 of the same diameter as the stators 1, made in the form of half rings, are attached to the stators 1 . Stators 1 with connecting pipes 4 form an annular system. Guides 6 with a rectangular profile, made of composite material, are attached to the ring system. On the ring system are movable sliders 5 of composite material. The sliders 5 are made in the form of split rings, inside of which the hermetically closed permanent magnets 3 are located as close as possible to the inner surface in an amount commensurate with the diameters of the sliders 5. The sliders 5 are dressed on the ring system and move along the guides 6. In the sliders 5, rollers 10 are installed, located on both the sides of the split groove, made with the condition of radial fixation and rolling of the sliders 5 along the guides 6. On the outside of the sliders 5 there are several blades 7 with a radial bend, pivotally mounted with a pore that limits the position of the blades 7 in one direction. The blades 7 are also made of composite material. amount

The sliders 5 are set according to the size of the hydrogenerator and its required power and the distance between the sliders 5 in a ratio of 1: 3 to the width of the slide 5. Between the sliders 5 there are pushers 9 with magnets 3, interacting with each other with the same poles and creating an additional kinetic effect. On one side of the slider 5, the pusher 9 has the shape of a rod, and on the other, a flat shape of a larger diameter. To improve streamlining on one end side, the slider 5 is made with a bevel. The guides 6 form a rigid frame and are made with cross members to which the posts are mounted 8. The posts 8 are made with the possibility of installing a hydrogenerator at the bottom of the reservoir.

The hydrogenerator operates as follows.

The hydrogenerator is installed at the bottom and secured with struts 8. The sliders 5 on the ring system and the guides 6 on the section of the first stator 1, due to the flow of the river and the blades 7 which are fixed in a fixed position, move along the first stator 1 and enter the second stator through connecting pipes 3 1, where the oncoming flow presses the blades 7, and the sliders 5 continue to move against the flow due to the kinetic momentum of the sliders 5 moving along the stream and an additional impulse given by the magnetic pushers 9. By moving the slide 5 of the ring system power line fields of the permanent magnets 3 intersect the coils of excitation windings 2 arranged on the stator 1. In them there electromagnetic induction electromotive force, whose magnitude depends on the speed of movement of the sliders 5 and the amounts thereof.

The composite material used in the claimed invention, from which the main components are made, has high strength, anti-corrosion, dielectric properties, low coefficient of friction, is technologically advanced, as regards machining or casting, has 3-5 times less weight in comparison with metal, is durable . Composite material and this design are environmentally friendly. The design does not pollute water, does not damage the fauna. This hydrogenerator can be operated year-round. The underwater location and small dimensions do not impede shipping. The proposed design of a hydrogenerator with two stators and a large number of sliders, respectively, allows to increase the number of permanent magnets and, along with the presence of blades and magnetic pushers on the sliders, provides an increase in the efficiency and power of the hydrogenerator, which allows its use in rivers with medium and low currents.

Thus, the proposed electric hydrogenerator, in contrast to the prototype, increases efficiency.

Claims (8)

1. Permanent magnet generator for subsea-type hydropower plants, comprising stators with field windings and permanent magnets, characterized in that the stators are made in the form of pipes made of composite material with field windings sealed inside, forming together with connecting pipes an annular system with the condition of possibility longitudinal movement along the guides of the ring system of sliders made of composite material in the form of split rings located inside hermetically along the contour permanent magnets, while the blades are pivotally mounted on the outer surface of the sliders. 2. The hydrogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator winding is located at a minimum close distance from the magnets in the sliders. 3. The hydrogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliders are equipped with rollers located on both sides of the split groove, made with the condition of radial fixation and rolling of the sliders along the guides. 4. The hydrogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of sliders is set according to the size of the hydrogenerator and its power. 5. The hydrogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades pivotally mounted on the sliders are made with emphasis with the possibility of taking the maximum specified angular position relative to the water flow when the sliders move with the flow and folding them when the sliders move against the stream. 6. The hydrogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that on the sliders are magnetic pushers directed by unipolar poles to each other. 7. The hydrogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the racks are fastened to the rails, made with the possibility of installation on the bottom of the reservoir. 8. The hydrogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogenerator is additionally installed in a position - one above the other.

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