RU2578682C2 - Borehole cleanout at drilling of its horizontal sections and drilling pipe to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: flushing fluid flow is created at drilling in a hole clearance by the activation of its helical motion by the pipe spinning energy. Note here that slime fallout and slime particles outflow to the hole clearance top cross-section are effected by the centrifugal forces of the activated helical flushing fluid flow in the hole clearance. The pipe outer helical surface is equipped with three activators of helical motion. The said activators are made integral with the pipe body arranged at equal angular spacings over its outer surface and shaped in the cross-section to hemispherical profiles. Each of the latter is composed of a helical bearing belt at its vertex with the bearing profile aligned with the borehole horizontal sections profile. Note here that the activator hemispherical profile radius of the appropriate pipe in the hole clearance is defined by the design.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of borehole cleaning.

2 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, and in particular, to methods for cleaning a wellbore during drilling, mainly of its horizontal sections, and to drill pipes for implementing the method.

1. The method of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections.

1.1. The current situation of the problem: the deterioration of the objective conditions of horizontal drilling.

From the level of this technical field (see below) it has been established that the principle of necessity and sufficiency of a set of essential features for achieving a technical result - reliable and efficient drilling, works in certain limited conditions - when drilling vertical wells.

In the analysis of the existing situation of the problem of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore, it was revealed why the above technical result is not achieved. Drilling is not reliable and not effective, due to the intensive loss of sludge, subsequent subsidence and deposition of its particles - drill cuttings on the bottom wall of horizontal sections of the wellbore.

To ensure a technical result - improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling in changing conditions, that is, in the conditions of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore, it is necessary to achieve a solution to the corresponding technical problem. That is, it is necessary to ensure high-quality and effective cleaning of horizontal sections of the wellbore.

Known methods for cleaning a wellbore associated with a periodic shutdown of drilling operations for the need for cleaning no longer provide reliable and efficient drilling, since they allow systematic clogging and, consequently, a systematic termination of the drilling process during its cleaning.

In the claimed cleaning method, the negative conditions — sludge precipitation and subsequent subsidence and deposition (accumulation) of its particles in the “channel” of horizontal sections of the wellbore are eliminated.

The inventive method, as justified by its author, provides high-quality and effective cleaning of horizontal sections of the wellbore by preventing the loss of sludge and subsequent subsidence and deposition (accumulation) of its particles in the "channel" of the well, during drilling.

As for vertical drilling, the removal of cuttings in the form of particles of sludge is carried out with satisfactory quality and efficiency, since the vector of precipitation and sedimentation of sludge under the influence of gravity and the vector of the upward flow of washing fluid are oppositely directed and are limited in one vertical plane to the vertical space wellbore. Therefore, cuttings in the form of a mass of sludge, with satisfactory quality and efficiency, are carried out by a stronger upward flow of flushing fluid continuously, evenly - around the drill pipe string (from the annulus).

That is, the cleaning of the wellbore in its vertical sections is carried out with satisfactory quality and efficiency, ensuring that drill cuttings are carried out during drilling, due to favorable drilling conditions.

Therefore, the more the vertical drilling conditions change - to the inclined horizontal ones, that is, the more they deviate from the vertical direction of the drilling process, the more the quality and efficiency of cleaning the wellbore decreases (leaching and removal of cuttings).

Therefore, the reliability and efficiency of drilling are all the more reduced. Upon reaching the position where the vector of sludge precipitation and sedimentation of its particles (the action of gravitational forces) and the washing fluid flow vector take a mutually perpendicular direction, the cuttings are carried out in the least quality and efficient manner. That is, under these conditions, the drilling process is the least reliable and efficient.

We analyze such adverse conditions for drilling a wellbore with horizontal sections.

If we consider an extended (for example, up to ~ 2500 m) horizontal section of the wellbore (Fig. 1, pos. 1.1.), Then the drill pipe string passing through it (pos. 1.2.) Is not aligned (in the horizontal plane) with the cylindrical cavity of the wellbore , and sags under its own weight - gravity and lies a significant part (pos. 1.3.) of its length (for example, up to ~ 2500 m) on the lower wall of the wellbore (pos. 1.4.). Therefore, the process of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore (Fig. 1) is carried out under conditions where a lengthy, horizontally directed drill pipe string (pos. 1.3.) Rotates “laid” on the bottom wall of the wellbore.

Moreover, such unfavorable drilling conditions are enhanced by the fact that there is no annular space between the drill pipe string (pos. 1.4.) And the pipe string (pos. 1.3.) Rubbing against it (pos. 1.3.) it is "drowned out" by the fit of the drill pipe string, with its gravity.

As a result, in the contact zone of the drill pipe string (pos. 1.3.) With the bottom wall of the borehole (pos. 1.4.), A certain “dead zone” is created where the absent horizontally directed upward flow (pos. 1.5.) Of the flushing fluid is overcome vertically downward (see figure 3, pos. 3.5.) by the force of gravity of the particles of sludge.

Under the existing conditions, the horizontal drilling process is accompanied by intensive loss of sludge, sedimentation and deposition of its particles on the bottom wall of the wellbore, along the line of its contact with the drill pipe string (see figure 1 - sequence of driving a wellbore: sections A-A; B- B; B-C).

Due to the loss of sludge, sedimentation and deposition of its particles along the drill pipe string on the bottom wall of the wellbore, the contact and friction line (see figure 2, item 2.1.) Develops, respectively, into the contact area (see figure 3 item .3.1., Fig. 4 pos. 4.1.) And friction, with a multiple increase in axial load and torque transmitted through the drill pipe string.

The consequence of the increased indicated loads is a multiple decrease in the mechanical drilling speed, that is, the reliability and efficiency of drilling are many times reduced.

Let us analyze the dynamics of change (deterioration) in drilling conditions in the considered horizontal section of the wellbore.

So, the flow (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5.) Of the ascending flushing fluid in the zone of sludge precipitation, sedimentation and deposition of its particles (in the lower part of the annulus) does not work, that is, drill cuttings with flushing fluid (pos. 1.5.) Do not move and is not removed (not removed).

Moreover, in the “deposition zone” of the rock, from washing up and removal by an upward flow of flushing fluid, it is “protected” by the drill string being rammed during rotation (pos. 3.1., Pos. 4.1.).

What state does the horizontal section of the wellbore come in during its drilling?

Figure 1 and figure 2-4 shows the sequence of driving a horizontal section of the wellbore during drilling, due to the loss of sludge, sedimentation and deposition of its particles (see cross sections: A-A, BB, B-B figure 1).

As the horizontal section of the wellbore is clearly depicted, during its drilling, no actively circulating upward flow of flushing fluid in this section can be carried out to prevent the loss of sludge and the displacement (removal) of the drilled and deposited rock. Therefore, the removal and removal of the deposited rock by the upward flow of flushing fluid from the lower wall of the wellbore is excluded (Fig. 1, Fig. 2 - Fig. 4).

Falling out and settling under the influence of gravitational forces, the particles of sludge fall into a naturally created kind of “catch mechanism” formed by three factors. A tapered aperture tapering to “zero” (pos. 3.2.) Between the wall (pos. 3.4) of the wellbore and the rotating (in the direction of pos. 3.3) surface of the drill pipe string (pos. 3.1), together with gravity forces (in the direction of pos. 3.5) provide an intensive increase in the mass of deposited rock on the lower wall of the wellbore (pos. 1.4.).

During drilling, the sedimentary rock penetrates under the drill pipe string (pos. 1.3), tamping with the latter, it is deposited, displaces it to the center and further, higher, in the well cavity (see the horizontal section of the wellbore in sections: FIG. 2 - FIG. four).

Thus, due to objectively existing adverse conditions during horizontal drilling, the sludge intensively falls out, its particles are deposited (accumulated), fill the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore and displace the drill string above, according to the position diagram in figures 1, 2-4.

What are the negative consequences of such a dynamics of sludge deposition, an increase in the mass of its particles (rock) on the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore?

Figure 1, 2-4 shows the simulated (for clarity) drilling conditions of the horizontal section of the wellbore: the dynamics of deposition of the mass of cuttings on the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore, as a result of the loss of sludge.

Negative consequences of objective conditions for drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore:

- Torque and axial load transmitted to the tool (chisel) are multiplied;

- accordingly, energy costs per unit length of a well sinking are multiplied;

- to eliminate sticking, “danger” of the possibility of rupture and loss of the drill string, the need for periodic cleaning of the horizontal section of the wellbore, that is, the periodic cessation of drilling operations;

- as a result of all the negative, reliability and efficiency of drilling are reduced, the time of exploration work is increased, the cost of the final product, for example, oil and gas, is increased, their competitiveness on the world market is reduced.

findings

From the above analysis of the existing situation of the problem, it is necessary to draw conclusions:

1.1.1. The result of the revealed, objectively existing negative conditions of horizontal drilling is the intensive loss of cuttings, subsequent subsidence and deposition of its particles on the bottom wall of the wellbore. Since the flow of flushing fluid is “able” to carry cuttings only in its active zone - the upper half of the horizontal section of the wellbore and only for a limited time, until the sludge falls out.

1.1.2. Therefore, in order to ensure high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections, it is necessary to synchronously continuously move (activate) the sludge in the annulus, throughout the horizontal section of the wellbore, into the active zone of the flushing fluid flow, into the upper part of the wellbore, that is, it is necessary to carry out a cleaning method by preventing sludge.

1.1.3. Prevention of sludge loss, in turn, can be carried out during drilling, by communicating the energy of rotating pipes (in the string) to the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus.

1.1.4. And since at present such methods have not been developed and not proposed, the known methods for cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections contain disadvantages:

1.1.4.1. Low quality and efficiency of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections;

1.1.4.2. The degree and likelihood of sticking and loss of the drill string increases due to poor-quality cleaning of horizontal sections of the wellbore from drill cuttings, that is, the reliability of drilling decreases;

1.1.4.3. As a consequence of clause 1.1.4.2., Low horizontal drilling efficiency due to the need for periodic cessation of drilling and cleaning of deposited drill cuttings in horizontal sections of the wellbore.

1.2. The technical problem for solving the claimed method of cleaning:

To develop a method for high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections.

1.3. Achievable technical result

As a consequence of solving the problem according to claim 1.2., The technical result is achieved: "improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore".

1.4. About the need to ensure conditions when drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore, under which a positive technical result is achieved causally.

From analytical studies of the existing situation of the problem (conditions) of horizontal drilling, it was found that the technical result - improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling is not achieved, due to objectively existing reasons: the horizontal drilling process is accompanied by intense loss of sludge. The following causal chain of negative phenomena: sedimentation and deposition of particles of sludge (cuttings) on the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore, the need to stop the penetration of the wellbore, the need to clean it from sediment (Fig.1, Fig.3-4).

“An effect generated by a cause itself becomes the cause of another phenomenon; the latter, in turn, is the cause of the third phenomenon, etc. This sequence of phenomena connected with each other by a relation of rigid internal necessity is called a causal or causal chain. It can be more accurately called the “chain of causation”, which emphasizes not the static but the dynamic nature of this chain: its links do not exist in a finished unchanged form, they sequentially arise and disappear, causing one (causing) another ”.

Philosophical Encyclopedia. Editor-in-chief F.V. Konstantinov. Volume 4 "The Science of Logic - CITIES." Publishing house "Soviet Encyclopedia", 1967 (hereinafter (1)) p.370-371.

It is known that the dynamics of a causal chain (causality) “works” strictly in the presence of certain conditions. Therefore, providing the necessary conditions and influencing the cause-effect chain (changing it), you can control the process by predicting and programming the receipt of the required, for example, technical results.

From the concept of "atmospheric precipitation", we clarify that it is: "water in a liquid or in a solid state (rain, snow, groats, etc.), precipitating from clouds or precipitating from air on the earth's surface." Great Encyclopedic Dictionary. Editor-in-chief A.M. Prokhorov. Volume I. - Owls. Encyclopedia, 1991 (hereinafter (2) p. 85.

And the concept of "sedimentation" explains that "the formation of all types of deposits on the surface of the Earth - during the transition of the deposited substance from a mobile, suspended or dissolved (in air or in an aqueous medium) - to a stationary (sediment) state.

The trajectory of the movement of particles of sludge (rock) in the flow of flushing fluid from the upper (active) part of the cross-section of the annulus to the lower wall (Fig.3 pos.3.5.) Of the horizontal section of the wellbore is (in a half-turn) a "spatial spiral curve", located on the surface of a round cylinder - the surface of the drill pipe - a cylindrical helix.

Further, the flow of drilling fluid in the annulus, in the angular sector, between the column and the bottom wall of the borehole section is stopped, since the annulus is “plugged” by the drill pipe string itself (FIG. 1, FIGS. 3-4).

At the time of the cessation of movement in the lower half of the borehole of the washing liquid, the sludge in its composition, its particles (rock) stop the movement (suspended state) and are separated from its composition by the following causal chain (see also above: (1) .370-371):

cessation of movement → precipitation → subsidence → deposition (accumulation).

But if the annulus is released around, that is, the pipe string is raised from the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore (see, for example, (6) p. 1-5), then only such a (free) state of the annulus will not prevent loss and so on (subsidence and deposition): this precipitation is promoted by gravitational forces and the lack of the necessary energy to realize the necessary dynamics of the sludge particles in the wash fluid stream.

findings

In order to keep the sludge (its particles) from falling out, that is, to prevent the sludge from falling out, the condition is necessary: its constant dynamics in the annulus with the speed necessary and sufficient to prevent its loss (from the flushing fluid) throughout the horizontal sections of the wellbore , constantly, in the process of drilling them.

“The very fact that the rate of transfer of matter and motion, structure and information is finite indicates its successive unfolding in time. The starting point of the infliction process is the formation of the very reason for acting in these conditions. It must achieve a certain intensity and “maturity” before the actual realization of the possibility of generating an effect (technical result) inherent in it corresponding to these conditions becomes feasible ”(1) p.372.

1.5. Ensuring the necessary dynamics of the sludge (its particles) in the annulus of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections, as a condition for achieving the intended technical result.

As established by analytical studies in the materials of this application (see section 1.1. "The current situation of the problem ...", Fig.1, Fig.3-4), the trajectory of the sludge, its particles (cuttings) in the annulus is formed under the directed action ( vector) of two forces.

The third force is not taken into account here, as insignificant in the formation of negative horizontal drilling conditions. The third is the friction force of the surface of the drill pipe (as part of the string) with the flow of flushing fluid, enhancing the dynamics of the sludge to the bottom wall of the wellbore, but insufficient to activate it from the bottom of the annulus to its upper, active part.

The first is the strength of the flow of flushing fluid with a vector of horizontal, translational direction in the annulus (Fig. 1, item 1.5.). This force is initially controlled, technologically defined (intended): for flushing the bottom zone, cleaning the annulus from sludge, its particles (cuttings), and their removal from the well.

The second is the gravitational force, initially uncontrollable (element), acting on the trajectory of the progressive movement of the sludge, its particles (cuttings) in the annulus, as part of the flow of flushing fluid, causing the sludge to tend (in negative conditions of horizontal drilling): fall out, settle and deposited on the bottom wall of the horizontal sections of the wellbore (see figure 1, figure 3, pos. 3.5., fig. 4 pos. 4.2).

These two forces act simultaneously, constantly. Therefore, the sludge, its particles (cuttings), moving in the annulus under the influence of kinetic energy (force) of the flow of flushing fluid in a horizontal, translational direction (see Fig. 1, item 1.5), at the same time, under the action of force gravity tend to go down, perpendicular to the translational direction (see Fig.3., pos.3.5), on the lower wall of horizontal sections of the wellbore (see Fig.1, pos.1.4.), the particles of the sludge take an “intermediate” dynamics trajectory - in a spiral, in the annulus, around the drill pipe.

findings

1.5.1. Therefore, the trajectory of the sludge (its particles) in the annular (cylindrical) space of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections is (in a half-turn cycle - from top to bottom) a "spatial spiral curve located around the surface of a round cylinder - the surface of a drill pipe - a cylindrical helix »Brief Polytechnical Dictionary, Editor-in-Chief Yu.A. Stepanov, State Publishing House of Technical and Theoretical Literature, Moscow, 1955, further (3) p. 149.

1.5.2. Then the surface of each drill pipe in the string, through which the trajectory of the effective movement of the sludge (its particles) as part of the flushing fluid flow in the annular (cylindrical) space, by activating it, when drilling its horizontal sections, "... must correspond to the screw surface "(3) p. 149.

1.6. State of the art

As a result of the study of known methods for cleaning a wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections and their essential features, the applicant establishes their disadvantages that do not allow for a high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections.

Given the objective conditions for drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore:

- intensive precipitation of sludge from the wash liquid;

- the need, for example, supply with a higher speed of the flushing fluid, on the one hand;

- and the need, for example, on the other hand, to limit the speed and volume of passage of drilling fluid during drilling in soft rocks, due to the risk of destruction of the walls of horizontal sections of the wellbore, etc.

All these many negative signs complicate and worsen the drilling conditions in general and horizontal drilling, in particular.

As a consequence of the low quality and low efficiency of the known methods for cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections, the required reliability and efficiency of drilling are not provided.

In order to start criticizing the analogues known from the “prior art”, we formulate more specifically the technical task of developing the inventive “Method of cleaning ...”, for which we return to the basics of rotary drilling.

“A long flexible shaft made up of special links serves to lower and raise the bit, transmit rotation and supply flushing fluid to it ...” Drilling equipment and technology abroad. N.N. Kalmykov, Yu.A. Stefanov, A.I. Yakovlev. Moscow, Nedra Publishing House, 1968, further (4) p. 55.

That is, a drill pipe string is a universal mechanism for energy transfer, with functions to perform most of the basic operations for implementing drilling technology (4) p. 55:

- descent and rise of the bit;

- transfer of rotational energy to the bit;

- destruction (drilling) of a rock, for example, rock, by means of a bit;

- bit cooling;

- supply in the form of a downward flow of washing liquid to clean the bottom;

- well cleaning (high-quality and effective), by removal of cuttings (cuttings) during drilling.

From the conducted analytical studies on the present topic: “Method of cleaning ...”, based on well-known analogues - methods of cleaning the well ... in particular, the drilling technology, in general, the applicant comes to the conclusion that the function (work) of high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections, the “pipe” as part of the drill pipe string “must carry”.

Only the pipe as part of the drill string “has” (potentially) functions to carry out high-quality and effective cleaning of the horizontal section of the wellbore, by activating the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus during drilling, by preventing the loss of sludge.

Given the negative conditions of horizontal drilling associated with the problem of high-quality and effective cleaning of horizontal sections of the wellbore, we can draw a final conclusion on the principle of cleaning it: only by means of a pipe in the drill string, potentially "possessing" the excess energy necessary and sufficient for its continuous transmission, in the process of continuous drilling, upward flow of flushing fluid, for its activation, for the need to ensure the prevention of loss of sludge and subsequent eryvnogo removal of sludge particles (cuttings) from the horizontal sections of the wellbore.

Among the promotional brochures of VAM DRILLING company under the trademark HYDROCLEAN ^tm , hereinafter (5), are known (from the Internet - “Virtual Exhibition”):

- design of drill pipes for cleaning the wellbore (5) p.56-61;

- HCZ hydraulic cleaning profiles at central drill pipe headings, with tool joints, with a double outer diameter (5) p.62-70;

- working, operational design indicators (5) p. 71-78.

In the source (5), well-known designs are declared as “a new generation of equipment for cleaning the wellbore and controlling torque and traction, ... as an exit to a new level of drilling technology” (5) p. 78.

Known designs of the drill pipe brand HYDROCLEAN ^{tm are} designed to clean the wells when they are drilled, therefore, they contain the features of the claimed "Method of cleaning the well when drilling its horizontal sections", such as:

- torque and traction control, ... as an exit to a new level of drilling technology ”(5) p.56;

- decrease in the coefficient of friction by ~ 20-40% (5) p. 71;

- reduction of torque and thrust by ~ 40% (5) p. 71;

(5) p. 62:

- ... cleaning optimization at normal speeds;

- cutting (scooping) effect for penetration into sludge deposits;

- ... rotation is accompanied by a Venturi effect, which also raises sludge particles;

- centrifugal force moves the particles of the sludge in the region of a higher flow rate;

(5) p. 66-67;

The main functions of cleaning the wellbore (its horizontal sections):

1. Scooping the maximum volume of deposits on the low pressure side of the well (from the zone of sedimentation of the sludge).

2. Recirculation (activation) of the maximum amount of deposits (drill cuttings) - in the active zone of the upward flow of flushing fluid.

3. Provide sufficient energy to move deposits to the vertical level of the horizontal section of the well where particles cannot be deposited.

4. The “scooping effect” provides a quick reduction in deposits, and the “Venturi effect” provides additional cleaning ... of the well.

A brief critical analysis (criticism) of the analogue (5) p.66-67, in the form of the “Basic functions for cleaning the wellbore” (its horizontal sections) declared by the developer.

The signs declared in the source analogue (5) are causally and unsubstantiated and are self-promoting.

But the known information (5) gives rise to problems associated mainly with horizontal drilling.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a brief critical analysis (criticism) of the analogue, as a set of features of the method for cleaning horizontal sections of the wellbore, when drilling its horizontal sections.

As justified above, in Section I, “The Existing Situation of the Problem ...”, the problem is caused by the changed (negative) horizontal drilling conditions: sludge precipitation and subsequent subsidence and deposition of its particles (cuttings) on the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore.

Known methods and means for cleaning a wellbore do not work or are of poor quality, ineffective. The consequence of this is: unreliable and inefficient drilling of horizontal sections of the wellbore.

Therefore, a qualitative, positive change in the negative horizontal conditions created will provide: a technical solution for developing tools - a method and device for cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections, by preventing the loss of sludge and the removal of its particles (rocks) from the well during drilling.

The material of the analogue (5) is in the aggregate advertising material. Therefore, the obvious goal of the declared information in the analogue (5) is commercial, that is, to create an “advertising background” for the potential consumer of the advertised product.

A potential consumer of the same product - analogue (5) does not need a huge declared list of “pseudo-functions”, somehow, see above: (5) p. 78, (5) p. 62, (5) p. 66-67 and etc.

A potential consumer needs: high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections.

But the “declared functions” in analogue (5) can be “excited” (and not work) only in a limited sector of the HCZ profile itself, but outside it, the sludge again falls out, settles, restoring the clogged state of the borehole section. The reasons for this negative are revealed and justified in section I of the proposed method.

Therefore, as a regularity (consequence), in the analogue (5), its effectiveness (and quality) are evaluated (characterized) in only 14% (removal of drill cuttings to the surface (5) p.75.

From the analysis and review of the well-known analogue, it is obvious that the tool for cleaning horizontal sections of the wellbore of the HYDROCLEAN ^tm design (5) p. 67 does not cope with the task of cleaning them, at the level of prevention of sludge loss, that is, for their high-quality and effective cleaning. Therefore, due to the loss of sludge, the causally known design, see (5) p. 67, allows the subsidence and deposition of particles of sludge - drill cuttings on the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore, which means that it requires periodic cleaning.

Criticism of analogue (5) for cleaning conditions when drilling in soft rocks.

To characterize the operation of the device under these conditions, an additional description is given (see below) of the simulated dynamics of changes in the profile of the well during its drilling.

Obviously, the support belts (HBZ profiles (see (5) p. 61) under the weight of the sagging drill string will be pressed into the lower wall of the wellbore. In this position, the pressed part of the HBZ profiles (by ~ 0.2 in diameter profile of the support), during the rotation of the column, they will indeed loosen, and, therefore, destroy the borehole wall (see (5) p. 67).

Since the horizontal section of the wellbore in a free (without support) state, in a significant area (e.g. ~ 500-1000 m), the sagging can be several meters, such a section will tend to sag similarly as the bottom of the well is destroyed and washed out (see ( 5) p. 67).

And the fact that such a dynamic, intense destruction is natural is obvious. Since each link of the working string sags and presses each corresponding part of the support belts of the HBZ profiles, see (5) p. 61, performing in this state the function of a milling cutter - a bit for destruction (slaughter) of the borehole wall, by ~ 0.2 of the diameter of the profile HCZ (see (5) p. 62), then each successive link with HCZ column profiles will go deep into the wall of the wellbore by ~ another 0.2 of its diameter.

From the mechanism for cleaning (to some extent) of the wellbore, in hard rock drilling conditions, the HBZ (5) p.61 and HCZ (5) p.62 profiles of the claimed design, in soft rock drilling conditions turn into a mechanism for intensive fracture of the wellbore well, and not its cleaning, contrary to expectations.

Then, in the best case: clogging will occur, combined with “self-drilling” of the horizontal section of the well and, as a result, cessation of drilling before proper cleaning, that is, inefficient drilling.

In the worst case scenario: during a sharp transition (during drilling) of a soft rock section to a hard section, the drilling conditions in the curved sections for such a working string will be so unfavorable that it may lead to rupture and loss, i.e. unreliable drilling.

Adverse conditions are those in which the “conical activators” of the HCZ profile with a helical surface protruding beyond the level of the surface of the HCZ profile (by ~ 0.2 of its diameter) on the curved (due to sagging drill pipe string) enter into interaction with solid (rocky , for example) by rock and they are destroyed, unable to cope with the “bit functions in the face” obtained in the created conditions, during drilling (see (5) p. 59).

And finally, “the problem of the service life of the HBZ support and its restoration (restoration)” in the field of operation (on the platform).

The HBZ support represents ~ 5% of the surface of the drill pipe — part of the string. Considering that (5) p.73: “... in most cases, for transporting cuttings, HYDROCLEAN drill pipe joints should be arranged every three standard joints (otherwise it cannot be: expensive, i.e. economically inexpedient), the service life of the HBZ support under specified loads , in the strata represented by abrasive rocks is extremely limited.

The problem of the restoration of HBZ supports in the field is likely to carry risks with additional investments for ... forced costs for additional, unobvious know-how.

All the above disadvantages of the known analogue do not allow for high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections, and therefore, excludes the possibility of achieving the intended technical result: reliable and efficient drilling of horizontal sections of the wellbore.

1.7. The choice of "prototype"

The well-known "Method of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections", including the drilling process, radial movement of the flushing fluid flow in the annulus, the removal of sludge particles into the upper part of the annular cross-section, that is, into the zone of the main part of the flushing fluid flow (Main page / Technopark offers / inventions / virtual exhibition / Vibration devices for horizontal drilling / Method of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections Project manager: Pa Filov GA, Ph.D., professor of Tyumen State Oil and Gas University, e-mail panfilov@tsoqu.ru 09.12.2008), etc. (6) buildings 1-5.

In terms of the essential, common features of the claimed “Method” and the principle of achieving a technical result, the well-known “Method ...” (6) is the closest to the claimed “method of cleaning the wellbore ...”, so the applicant decided to choose it for the “prototype”.

But the well-known, selected for the "prototype" "Method ..." contains the disadvantages, which are as follows.

The well-known "Method of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections" (6) p.1, as follows from the essence of its technical solution, does not provide high-quality and effective cleaning of horizontal sections of the wellbore as far as to clean them at the level of prevention of loss of sludge and subsequent causal prevention of subsidence and deposition of its particles (cuttings).

The known method only "prevents the sedimentation of these particles" (cuttings) and only "contributes to their removal into the upper part of the annular space section" (6) p.2.

Why only prevents ... negative conditions and can not eliminate them, during the cleaning process, for example, by preventing the precipitation of sludge?

We analyze the essence of the known method of cleaning through a vibrating device (6) p. 3 to implement the method.

The radial movement of the flushing fluid flow is inefficient (weak): it is created (working) sequentially, as the drill pipe string rotates, it is determined by its rotation speed and a limited segment of the radial motion of each of the four limited section of the jets: through four radial openings of the vibrating device of the downward flow of flushing liquids from the in-tube space (6) p. 2-5.

Since over the entire length (for example, ~ 9 m) of the entire length of the drill pipe, one vibration device is provided according to method (6), then:

- the annular space of each of the drill pipe (for example, ~ 9 m long) is sequentially cleaned by the energy of only one of the four jets of the vibrating device, by its (jet) impact (radial activation) on the upward flow of flushing fluid, in a circular segment of length annular space, equal only to the thickness of the radial stream of each of the four holes of the vibrating device (6) p.3-4;

- given the position of the drill pipe in the string: lies on the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore, (see figure 1, figure 2-4), while drilling by the known method (6), the radial movement of the upward flow of flushing fluid in the annulus the space is limited by the column lying on the bottom wall of the wellbore, which directly contributes to it (the trunk) clogging with particles of sludge (cuttings).

However, the low efficiency and quality of the cleaning process, due to technological and technical disadvantages of the well-known "method of cleaning the wellbore ..." is allowed during drilling:

- sludge precipitation, sedimentation and deposition of its particles (cuttings);

- as a result, clogging of the wellbore is allowed when drilling its horizontal sections;

- the final cause and effect "link" of the chain of this stage of drilling are:

- enormous energy losses (increase in axial load, torque, since "... if drilling is carried out at high axial loads, then large specific loads on the rubbing parts occur" (4) p.182, which leads to a decrease in the reliability and efficiency of drilling on this his stage.

On the operation to clean the horizontal sections of the wellbore:

- temporary losses (decrease in drilling efficiency) when the column is lifted (outward) is re-formed for cleaning (6) p.4:

- "the housing 1 of the vibrating device with the help of locking connections is built into the string of drill pipes";

- "I lower the column into the well."

And even when “... vibration devices raise the drill pipe string” (6) p.4, the movement of the flushing fluid directed into the freed annulus imparted by the radial jet is too weak to lift (“prevent settling” (6) p.4 ) deposited sludge particles (cuttings) and in order to carry them out (“to facilitate the removal (6) p.4) of them to the upper part of the annulus section in order to carry out high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections.

A consequence of the set of disadvantages of the well-known “Method for cleaning a wellbore ...” is the inability to carry out high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections, which, in turn, precludes the achievement of a technical result: reliable and efficient drilling of horizontal sections of the wellbore.

1.8. Disclosure of the invention (according to claim 1).

1.8.1. “... the wellbore is cleaned by preventing sludge, ...”

According to the results of analytical studies by the author in section 1.1. "The current situation of the problem: the deterioration of the objective conditions of horizontal drilling" conclusions are made (items 1.1.1., 1.1.2., 1.1.3.).

A consequence of the objectively existing negative conditions of horizontal drilling is the intensive loss of sludge, subsequent subsidence and deposition of its particles on the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore. Since the flow of flushing fluid is "able" to carry cuttings only in its active zone - the upper half of the horizontal section of the wellbore and only for a limited time, until the sludge falls out.

Therefore, in order to ensure high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections, it is necessary to carry out the method by continuously moving (moving) the sludge in the annulus throughout the horizontal section of the wellbore - into the active zone of the flushing fluid flow, into the upper part of the wellbore, that is, it is necessary to carry out a cleaning method by preventing sludge.

That is, as a result of the analysis of the negative conditions of horizontal drilling, the reason for the poor-quality and inefficient cleaning of the horizontal section of the wellbore has been identified:

intensive loss of sludge and subsequent deposition of its particles (on the bottom wall of horizontal sections of the wellbore).

Therefore, the author posed a technical problem for solving the claimed method of cleaning, that is, the task of eliminating the identified negative conditions that impede the provision of high-quality and effective cleaning - sludge.

As a consequence of eliminating the cause - the precipitation of sludge, through its prevention, the solution of the technical problem is achieved:

improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore.

As a result of solving the technical problem, the technical result was achieved: "improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore."

Therefore, symptom 1.8.1. causally due to the achieved technical result and is included in claim 1 of the claims as essential.

1.8.2. “... why, during drilling, the movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus is created by“ activating its screw movement ”, through the energy of rotation of the pipe, ...”

So, at the heart of the implementation of the proposed "Method" - the most important condition is the prevention of sludge. In turn, ensuring this most important condition is based on the possibility of functioning of a whole causal chain of conditions where the previous link (cause) is a condition for the functioning of the next link (consequence) (see above (1) p. 370-371).

Section 1.4. the description of the proposed method "On the need to ensure conditions ...", in the course of the analysis the concepts of "precipitation", "sedimentation" (2) p.85 are established, "Conclusions" are made, that is, the most important part of the conditions for the "prevention of sludge loss" is formulated:

“To keep sludge (its particles) from falling out, etc. the condition is necessary - its constant dynamics (circulation) in the annulus, with the speed necessary and sufficient to keep the sludge from falling out (from the composition of the flushing fluid) throughout the horizontal sections of the wellbore, constantly, during their drilling. ”

Section 1.5. description of the proposed Method "Ensuring the necessary dynamics of the sludge (its particles) ...", as a result of analytical studies it was found that the trajectory of the sludge, its particles (cuttings) in the annulus is formed under the directed action (vector) of two forces.

The first is the strength of the flow of flushing fluid with a vector of horizontal, translational direction in the annulus. This force is initially controlled, technologically defined (intended): ... for cleaning the annulus from sludge, its particles (cuttings), its removal from the wellbore.

The second force is the gravitational force, initially uncontrollable (element), acting on the trajectory of the progressive movement of the sludge, its particles (cuttings) in the annulus, as part of the flushing fluid flow, causing the sludge to tend (in negative horizontal drilling conditions): fall out, settle and deposited on the bottom wall of horizontal sections of the wellbore (see figure 1, figure 2-4).

These two forces act simultaneously, constantly. Therefore, the sludge, its particles (cuttings), moving in the annulus, under the influence of kinetic energy (force) of the flow of flushing fluid in the forward direction (see figure 1, pos. 1.5.), At the same time, under the action of gravity tends downward, perpendicular to the translational direction (see Fig.3, pos.3.5.), on the lower wall of the horizontal sections of the wellbore (see Fig.1, pos.1.4.), the particles of the sludge take an "intermediate" dynamics path - in a spiral in the annulus around the drill pipe.

findings

Therefore, the trajectory of the sludge (its particles) in the annular (cylindrical) space of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections is ... "spatial spiral curve located around the surface of a round cylinder (surface of a drill pipe) - cylindrical helix (3) p.149.

And, therefore, to solve the technical problem by the claimed method, for high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore ..., it is necessary to ensure the functions of the method, including:

- not only the retention of sludge (its particles) from precipitation (p.1.8.1. essential features);

- not only ensuring its constant dynamics (circulation) in the annulus, by “activating the helical movement” of the wash fluid flow, in the annulus, in which the sludge (its particles) are suspended (clause 1.8.2. essential features) ;

- but also its dynamics with a spiral trajectory, that is, “activation of its helical movement”, which provides rotational-translational movement of the sludge (its particles) as part of the “activated its helical movement” of the washing fluid in the annulus, ensuring the removal of sludge (its particles ) - cuttings from horizontal sections of the wellbore (p.1.8.2. significant features).

Section 1.5. description of the proposed method "Ensuring the necessary dynamics of the sludge (its particles) ...":

"As established by analytical studies ..., the trajectory of the sludge (its particles - cuttings) in the annulus is formed under the directed action of two forces."

“The second is the gravitational force, initially uncontrolled (element), acting on the trajectory of the progressive movement of the sludge (its particles) in the annulus, as part of the flow of flushing fluid, causing the sludge to aspire (under negative horizontal drilling conditions): fall out, settle and be deposited ... ".

Therefore, the trajectory of the sludge (its particles) in the annulus of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections is (in a half-turn cycle: from top to bottom) ... a cylindrical helix located around the surface of the drill pipe (3) p.149.

Why "in a half-turn cycle: from top to bottom." This direction is the action of the gravitational force vector, which results in the loss of sludge.

To complete (from bottom to top) the movement of sludge along a cylindrical helix (3) p.149, for example, the action of a third force — the friction force of the surface of the drill pipe (as part of the string) —with insufficient flushing fluid flow. Therefore, to ensure the necessary dynamics of the sludge in the annulus as part of the wash fluid stream, it (dynamics) is created along a cylindrical helix (3) p.149, that is, a screw surface (3) p.149. Therefore, the necessary activation of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus is “activation of its helical movement”.

As a result of analytical studies, causally proved that:

- in the conditions of horizontal drilling, the only high-quality and effective method of cleaning the wellbore is “prevention of sludge loss” (p.1.8.1. feature 1 of the claims) - “ideal” form of the process: achieving a technical result without conducting the process (“Cleaning the wellbore” wells ”is provided in the drilling cycle);

- in conditions of horizontal drilling, in turn, for the possibility of preventing the loss of sludge, that is, for the possibility of a more rational movement in the annulus and, as a result, ensuring high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore from cuttings (sludge), its movement in the composition the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus should not be translational, but screw, by activating the screw movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus by means of the energy of rotation of the pipe (p. 1.8. 2. sign).

Carry out in the annulus: "activation of the helical movement" of the flow of flushing fluid "constantly, during the drilling process, precisely throughout the entire horizontal section of the wellbore, it is possible only through the energy of rotation of the pipe, as part of the drill string, which, in turn, for the need to implement drilling work, gets it excessively from the electric motor.

Thus, on the basis of the above justifications, their interrelationships, it can be argued that the symptom under paragraph "1.8.2." Is causally related to the achieved technical result and is included in claim 1 as essential.

1.8.3. Moreover, the prevention of sludge and the removal of its particles in the upper section of the annular space is carried out by the action of the centrifugal force of the “activated screw movement of the flow of washing fluid in the annulus”.

In the "prior art" section of the description of the claimed object "Pipe for the implementation of the Method ..." as a result of a comparative analysis, the largest number of features similar to the claimed object are established, including: "... carried out by the action of centrifugal force ..." (see paragraph 1 of the claims) .

A similar similarity between the known and the claimed objects is explained by the fact that the claimed object also implements the principle of operation of the well-known "centrifugal pump", "... in which the fluid moves under the action of centrifugal forces arising from the rotation of the liquid by the impeller blades"

“... As a result of the impact of the blade wheel on the liquid, the energy of the flowing liquid increases, which is characterized by the effective pressure of the pump” (3) p.1042.

Therefore, the substantiation of the materiality of this feature follows, in particular, from the scientific definition of the concept of “centrifugal force”, defined in connection with the concepts of “centrifugal force” and “inertia force”, according to Newton’s third law (3) p.1042.

"Centrifugal force" is a force acting on a body moving in a circle and applied to the body itself - a stone rotating on a rope, to the wheels of a carriage moving on a curve, etc.

The counteraction of a moving body arising according to Newton’s third law (inertia force) and applied to the connection that makes the body move in a circle (to a rope, to rails, etc.) is called a centrifugal force (3) p.1044.

In relation to this feature (1.8.3.) Of the determination of centrifugal force, such a "moving body" is the "flow of flushing fluid." And the “counteraction” and “connection” that makes the “flow of flushing fluid” (body) move in a circle, that is, in the annulus, are:

- on the one side, the cylindrical surface of the walls of the wellbore, on the other hand, the helical surface of the drill pipe itself;

- the action of centrifugal force, in relation to the sign (1.8.3.) is the inertia force (see Clause 1 of the formula) of the “activated (that is, rotated) along the helical surface” movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus.

1. So, we proceed directly to the justification of the sign "1.8.3." P. 1, claims as essential. To do this, we clarify the values (definitions) of parts 1, 2, 3 of the entire sign “1.8.3.”:

1. "... at the same time the prevention of sludge ...";

2. "... and the removal of its particles into the upper part of the annulus ...";

3. "... carry out the action of the centrifugal force of the" activated on the helical surface "movement of the flow of washing fluid in the annulus."

Why are parts of the whole attribute “1.8.3.” Characterized as one order of action and therefore are carried out during the cleaning process by one general action (one general operation) - “... by the action of centrifugal force ...?”.

According to the results of research into the problems of the claimed object "Method of cleaning ..." (subsection 1.4 - descriptions), conclusions are drawn, which describes the concept of "prevention of sludge", as an action:

“To keep the sludge (its particles) from falling out, that is, to prevent the sludge from falling out, the condition is necessary: its constant dynamics in the annulus with the speed necessary and sufficient to prevent the sludge from falling out (from the composition of the wash liquid flow), throughout the horizontal sections wellbore, synchronously, while drilling. "

2. From the characteristics of the concept as a form of movement (action) of a part of a sign according to claim 1. it turns out that part of the sign according to claim 2. contained in the previous part of the feature of claim 1. (“Dynamics of sludge (its particles) in the annulus”).

Further, from claim 1 of the claims (Method ...) it follows that part of the sign according to claim 2., As an action, is part of the whole sign according to clause "1.8.3." Both for the prototype object and for the inventive object of the "method ".

Therefore, according to the applicant, if the whole symptom “1.8.3.” Characterized as an action, carry out “the action of the centrifugal force activated on the helical surface” movement of the flow of washing fluid in the annulus ”. That and part of the sign of claim 2. - “sludge particles”, the component of the sludge, are also (jointly), in turn, constituents of the flow of washing liquid and is carried out jointly by it, “the action of centrifugal force ...”.

3. Next, in section 1.5. of the inventive object "method of cleaning ..." "Ensuring the necessary dynamics of the sludge (its particles) in the annulus of the wellbore ..." as a condition for achieving the intended technical result ", such dynamics conditions are established and formulated (see" Conclusions "):

“Therefore, the trajectory of the sludge (its particles) in the annular (cylindrical) space of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections is (in a half-turn cycle: from top to bottom) a spatial spiral curve located around the surface of a round cylinder - the surface of a drill pipe - a cylindrical helix "(3) p. 149.

“Then the surface of each of the drill pipes in the string, through which the trajectory of the effective movement of the sludge (its particles) as part of the flushing fluid flow in the annular (cylindrical) space, by activating it, when drilling its horizontal sections,“ ... must correspond to a screw surface ”(3) p.149.

In support of the need for part of the sign "1.8.3." "Carry out the action of centrifugal force ... ... the movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus":

Section 1.4. description of the claimed object "method ..." it was found that the loss and subsequent causal chain of links is not the result of only "closure" of the annulus in horizontal drilling conditions, which is confirmed by the analysis of known analogous objects in section 1.6. "Prior art".

“But if the annular space is released around, that is, the column from the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore is lifted, then only such a (free) state of the annulus will not prevent loss and so on (subsidence and deposition): gravity and the lack of necessary energy contribute to this loss to implement the necessary dynamics of the particles of sludge in the composition of the flow of washing liquid.

Explanation of the materiality of part of the Sign 1.8.3., By comparing it with a well-known similar action.

And finally, in order to justify the necessity of part of the feature (1.8.3.), It’s not just “... carried out by the action of centrifugal force ... the movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus ... but precisely ...“ by activating its screw movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus ”.

To do this, we clarify the types of movements as components of the essential features included in claim 1.

“A helical motion is a complex motion of a body (flushing fluid, for example) parallel to this axis (of a drill pipe, for example) ..., describing a helix (3) p.149“ helical motion ”.

In accordance with the signs (actions, movements) included in paragraph 1 of the formula of the claimed object, ... the flushing fluid is supplied ... "along the moving cavities of the screw cavities (that is, in the annulus (pos.8.6.), Between the activators (pos.8.4 .) (3) p.149 “Screw pump”.

In the section "Prior art" on the claimed object for the implementation of the "Method ..." it is established that the well-known analogue of the "Centrifugal pump" (3) p.1042, by the largest number of similar features is the closest to the claimed "Method of cleaning ...".

Therefore, to substantiate the essential features included in Claim 1 of the claimed object, by comparing them with similar features of a known facility, that is, with similar features of the facility, the applicant compares the similar features that, in claim 1, are, according to the applicant, significant.

"A centrifugal pump is a vane pump in which the movement of fluid (flushing fluid flow, for example) occurs under the action of centrifugal forces that occur when the fluid rotates (when the flushing fluid flow is activated, for example) by the impeller blades (activators 8.4. Of the drill pipe 8.1., For example ) (3) p. 1042.

As a result of the impact of the blade wheel (drill pipe 8.1. Through activators 8.4.) On the fluid (on the flow of flushing fluid), there is an increase in the energy of the flowing fluid (activated flow of flushing fluid through the helical annulus (along the grooves 8.6.), Characterized by an effective pressure (activation the flow of flushing fluid, that is, characterized by the prevention of sludge and the removal of its particles in the upper part of the annulus, the action of the centrifugal force "activated according to wines oic surface of the washing liquid flow in the annulus. "

Based on the above evidence, comparisons with the characteristics known in the art, according to the applicant, symptom 1.8.3. causally connected with the technical result achieved in the invention, and therefore is included in claim 1 of the claims as essential.

2. A drill pipe for implementing the method of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections

2.1. Current situation

In connection with the existing situation of the problem, it is necessary to identify and propose means for solving similar problems of high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections.

For example, to ensure the required axial load on the bit and ensure the straightness (elimination of curvature) of the vertical wellbore, etc., weighted drill pipes are used as part of the string, that is, gravitational forces concentrated precisely in the bottom zone are used.

In the conditions of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore, the weight of the weighted drill pipe (gravity) in such areas negatively affects the reliability and efficiency of drilling. The frictional force of the horizontal section of the drill string against the lower wall of the wellbore, which is increasing due to weight, increases energy consumption to provide the required axial load and torque on the bit, and the mechanical drilling speed. As a result of all the negative, a decrease in the reliability and efficiency of drilling as a whole.

That is, in the conditions of rotary drilling of horizontal sections of the wellbore, the force of gravity has a negative impact on the reliability and efficiency of drilling.

Therefore, building the technological chain of the process of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore, it is necessary to take into account the vector of gravitational forces as adverse conditions for horizontal drilling.

However, there are general patterns for overcoming negative factors, for example, by reducing the friction forces of a rotating drill pipe string against a borehole wall:

- due to the curvature and clogging of the wellbore in its vertical sections;

- due to the forces of gravity, curvature and clogging in horizontal sections of the wellbore.

Since during rotary vertical drilling in the emerging friction forces, basically two functions interact: the borehole surface and the surface of the drill pipe, then, in order to balance the emerging and increasing friction forces, one of the functions is changed - the surface of the drill pipe, as the most technologically available.

“Modern drill collars can be round, square or hex. Their surface can be made smooth or with spiral grooves, which are intended to reduce the contact surface of the weighted pipe with the wall of the well ”(“ Drilling equipment and technology abroad. ”NN Kalmykov, Yu.A. Stefanov, AI Yakovlev Moscow, Nedra Publishing House, 1968, hereinafter (4), p. 47).

“As established by numerous observations, more than 90% of all seizures are caused by pressure drops. Moreover, the seizure is stronger, the larger the contact surface of the pipe with the walls of the well. In order to eliminate this drawback, the company developed a new type of drill collar, in which spiral grooves are milled on the outer surface, due to which the contact surface is reduced by 40%. Since the total force of the pressure drop is directly proportional to the contact surface, then, of course, the degree of sticking is also reduced ”(4) p.53.

However, according to the author of the claimed group of inventions, the effect of reducing the degree of sticking, as a result of reducing the contact surface of the drill pipe, for example, by making spiral or straight grooves (4) p. 54), the developer firm understood and explained incorrectly, incorrectly.

The relationship between the area of the contact surface and the increase in the degree of adhesion is a direct one. This is obvious, natural.

But the technical result obtained: a decrease in the cases of sticking from a similar execution of the surface of the drill pipe — a decrease in the area of its contact surface — an erroneous explanation of the obtained technical result, as a result, in the aspect of causation.

And therefore, the author of the claimed complex of inventions considers it necessary to refute the erroneous explanation of the reduction of the sticking effect, which negatively affects both the definition and development of the state of the art in the art and the justification of the technical result achieved by the claimed group of inventions, in particular.

According to the developer, there is a direct correlation between the size of the area of the contact surface of the drill pipe and the walls of the borehole - on the size of the surface area of the pipe in general. And therefore, in order to reduce the above contact surface of the drill pipe with the walls of the borehole, the developer reduces the actual contact surface area of the pipe (for example, by 40%) by making screw or longitudinal grooves on its surface (by milling, for example). Such a decrease in the contact surface of the pipe, in the opinion of the developer, as a result, allowed to achieve a technical result: a decrease (proportionally, by 40%) of the degree of sticking (4) p.53.

According to the applicant of the claimed group of inventions, such an erroneous explanation (understanding) of his development was led by a company - a developer of a new type of pipe - UBT.

In fact, as will be justified below, a decrease in the degree of sticking of the drill pipe (string) resulted in a change in the friction (interaction) conditions of two functions — surfaces. That is, there was a change in the conditions of formation (growth) of the “sticking chain”, by dividing (by milling, for example) the endless surface of the drill pipe as part of the drill string - into the end sections of the pipe surface, into separate, end segments.

The long-term practice of operating drill pipes with a similar change in its outer surface, by making recesses (grooves) of a screw or a straight form, has established that, indeed, they directly affect the reduction in the degree and frequency of sticks and a number of other positive technical results, for example (4) p. 53 .

“The use of new,“ unattached ”drill collars gives the following advantages:

1) provides exceptional protection against sticking caused by pressure drops ...;

... 6). Drill collars with spiral grooves do not pose a great danger with respect to sticking in wells with a large angle of inclination;

7) the presence of spiral grooves facilitates the upward flow of flushing fluid when drilling small diameter wells ....

Then what, if not “the reduction in the area of the contact surface of the drill pipe”, should explain the above list of technical results achieved during drilling, as a result of such a change in the surface of the drill pipe?

In order to answer this question, we introduce the concept:

"The principle of relativity" when determining the surface area of the friction of a drill pipe during drilling. "

If we consider the drill pipe at rest, then the area of its outer surface is determined by the formula:

S pipe = 2PR × L (length of drill pipe),

then the contact surface area of the drill string is according to the formula:

Skol = Spipes × n (number) of pipes.

Similarly to a specific, final value is determined, at rest, the area of the contact surface of the corresponding fragment of the well - the other of two functions from the interaction (friction) of which friction forces arise.

Then, according to the developer, with a decrease in the function of the area of the contact surface of the drill pipe, for example, by 40%, a proportional decrease in the friction forces with the surface of the borehole wall and a similar decrease (by 40%) in the degree of sticking of the drill string (4) p.53.

But then with a decrease, for example, by ~ 70-80%, etc. the area of the contact surface of the drill pipe provides a proportional (~ 70-80%) decrease in the friction forces and the degree of sticking of the drill string.

The fallacy of such a conclusion of the developer firm is obvious, at least for two regular reasons:

- the conclusion is contrary to the law of conservation of energy;

- such a calculation is erroneous, because it is used for the conditions of non-working (not rubbing) two surfaces - two non-interacting accounting functions of the following “Principle ...”.

"The principle of relativity" when determining the surface area of the friction of a drill pipe in dynamics (during drilling).

As will be established later, during the analysis of the conditions, the contact surface area of the pipe in dynamics, that is, during drilling:

- the value is not constant, but a variable (rapidly changing - dynamic);

- in shape, the surface of the pipe is cylindrical, that is, infinite. The magnitude of the contact surface, therefore, is not absolute, but is determined by the time and speed of rotation (drilling) of the drill pipe.

These conditions of the introduced concept of the “principle of relativity” are the main ones that explain the conditions for the formation of a negative effect - “an increase in the degree of sticking” when drilling, for example, horizontal sections of the wellbore.

In the drilling process, that is, during the rotation of the drill pipe in the string, the "infinite" surface of the pipe enters into interaction - "meshing" (friction) with the surface of the borehole wall. Moreover, in the sections of the bends of the well, such engagement (friction) is maximum. Moreover, in a qualitatively cleaned state of the well, the contact surface (friction) of these cylindrical surfaces is a line (see figure 2, item 2.1.). Therefore, the friction area of the outer surface of the drill pipe as part of the drill string is formed (added) from the total length of the interaction lines (friction). This is the second condition of the "principle of relativity" when determining the surface area of the pipe friction during drilling.

2.1.1. Causal analysis of the problem.

For a more accurate explanation of the essence of the problem, it is also necessary to introduce the concept of “sticking chain”, which, according to the applicant, is a quantitative (statistical) expression of the concept of “sticking degree” known in the prior art.

If we consider an abrasive particle, for example, between the rubbing surfaces of a well and a drill pipe, then for these surfaces it is an additional zone (microzone) of their friction concentrator or a separate link of the “sticking chain”.

Then the set of such concentrators of friction forces (mass of drill cuttings particles) between the friction surfaces of the well and the drill string — links of the “sticking chain” sufficient to stick the string will be called a “sticking chain” characterizing the degree of sticking.

Next, we consider the probable conditions for the formation and increase of the degree of sticking, that is, the “sticking chain” cause-effect, when the increase in the friction forces of the drill string against the wall, for example, of a bent well, reaches the state of “sticking”:

- if on such a curved section of the well the contact line - the friction surface area will be maximum, exceeding the tensile strength of the drill string chain, for example;

- if on such a curved, and besides horizontal section of the well, its condition (quality) of cleaning from cuttings will be unsatisfactory (see figure 1, figures 3-4).

In this case, the aggregate of particles of the sludge will fall out of the sludge and settle in the zone of the "line of friction", according to the scheme (see Fig. 1, Figs. 3-4), entering into engagement (friction) throughout the annulus with the drill pipe string . When these conditions are formed, the “friction line” of two interacting (rubbing) surfaces grows into the friction area (see Fig. 1 and sections B-B; B-C) in these horizontal sections of the wellbore.

Under the described conditions of long-term, continuous (for example, more than two hours) drilling, the friction area - “sticking chain” of the drill string can increase many times, to a critical degree of sticking, with the need for the subsequent termination of the drilling process, to complete, high-quality cleaning of the wellbore from rock .

2.1.2. Unattached drill collars and helical drill pipes as a causal rationale for sticking prevention

How does the “tack” developer of a UBT firm explain this negative effect?

As established by the applicant, the company mistakenly associates the negative effect of “tacking”, as a result, with the magnitude of the (potential) contact surface of the rotating drill pipe, which it took as a cause in the cause-effect relationship of its formation. Therefore, it is logical that the company decided to reduce the surface of the pipe rotating in the drill string by making (for example, milling) grooves on the pipe surface (screw or straight).

In anticipation of the “correctness” of its assumptions, the company received a positive technical result: a multiple (and not 40%) decrease in the degree and cases of sticking, which was confirmed by long-term practice of drilling with such a changed surface of drill pipes (4) p.53.

As the state of the problem was established in the course of this analysis, the shape of the surface of the drill pipe in dynamics, that is, during friction (drilling), is an infinite surface (the "principle of relativity" in determining the surface area of the pipe friction when drilling).

During the conditions of prolonged, constant friction of these two surfaces, a dynamic increase in the friction forces occurs due to the friction line overgrowing (see figure 2, pos. 2.1.) - to the friction surface - a multiple increase in the friction forces due to the conditions of a long, dynamic increase in the mass of cuttings between rubbing surfaces (see figure 1, figures 3-4, sections BB, BB). Upon reaching friction forces (sticking degree) - “sticking chain” of critical magnitude, “sticking” occurs, followed by interruption of the drilling process.

Therefore, the company that developed the existing conditions for a long (for example, up to several hours), increase in the friction area and the friction forces of the two surfaces changed: it interrupted the endless (in the state of rotation) surface of the drill pipe, dividing it into finite size segments, by performing (milling) longitudinal or helical grooves on the surface of the drill pipe, as part of the drill string (4) p. 47, Fig. 34a, b, c.

As a result, the time of formation (increase) of the degree of sticking - “sticking chain”, which lasted, for example, 2 hours (7200 s), changes: it decreases ... revolutionary (“... the number of sticks sharply decreased” (4) p.64). In numbers, such a change - decrease is as follows.

A pipe with three, for example, longitudinal (or screw) grooves on the surface is divided into 3 end segments of 72 ° (360 ° × 40%: 3), that is, interruption of the increase in the degree of sticking - “sticking chain” - every 1/3 of a turn drill string (figure 5). With a radial rotational speed of the drill string, for example, 180 rpm (3 r / s), interruption of the increase in the degree of sticking - “sticking chain” 9 times per second (3 r / s × 3 times). That is, for, for example, 2 hours (7200 s) of continuous drilling operations, a drill pipe with three "sticking circuit breakers" (grooves) on the surface will have ... 21600 interruptions of the "sticking chain" (7200 s × 3 interruptions).

From the above analysis, it follows that the basis of the erroneous explanation (assessment) received by the developer of “non-grasping drill collars” (4) p. 54, “spiral drill pipes” with a reduced risk of sticking ”(4) p. 63 - lack of scientific (cause-effect) ) substantiation of the obtained technical result (consequence).

Obviously, during the development of “non-grasping drill pipes (first half of the 20th century), the development company in this particular case,“ Engineering principles ... ”was dominated by“ ... habits, intuition, instinct ”(4) p.10.

The developer, obviously, limited himself to "... numerous observations ..." (4) p. 53, in combination with the expected technical results obtained by him, anticipating it: a multiple reduction in the risk of sticking (cases of sticking): "... the number of sticking sharply decreased" (4) from .64.

For a more visual explanation of the operation of the mechanism of interruption of the “sticking chain”, we give its description “in miniature”, but more obvious.

The control of the threaded hole of the product is carried out in a semi-automatic cycle by a control threaded plug, in particular. Due to the limitation of the tolerance field (several microns), in the process of controlling a threaded hole, by screwing a threaded pair, ingress of microparticles of abrasive dust, etc. between rubbing threaded surfaces, the control threaded plug often seized (stuck). The control process of this product parameter had to be interrupted to clean both threaded surfaces, followed by the resumption of the control process. Due to the noted negative control conditions associated with frequent tacking, the effectiveness of automatic control of the threaded hole of the product in conditions of its large-scale production was reduced.

In order to eliminate the noted negative control conditions (sticking of the control plug), one straight longitudinal groove was cut on the contact-threaded surface of the control plug, to the depth of the thread. Moreover, given the understanding of the cause-effect relationship of the formation and occurrence of “sticking” (jamming), a longitudinal, axially cut groove was not given the function of reducing the contact surface area of the threaded control plug in order to reduce the friction forces of the mating (by 100%) two surfaces at their make-up. Therefore, the longitudinal groove was made narrow on the surface (~ 3 millimeters - about 5% of the “reduction" of the contact surface area) and only one (see Fig.6, pos.6.1).

After such a "decrease" in the surface of the threaded control plug (see Fig. 6, item 6.2), the cases of "sticking" when screwing the threaded pair decreased to ~ close to zero, that is, hundreds of times. Although, as graphically depicted in Fig.6, screwed, rubbing threaded surfaces 6.4. traffic jams 6.2. and products 6.3. are conjugated and contacted on 100% of the surface.

As in the case with the drill pipe, on the surface of the threaded gauge, a similar "sticking circuit breaker" was performed (pos. 6.1.).

The designers of the process of control operations gave the name to the performed longitudinal groove corresponding to its functional purpose - “mud groove” (literally from German - “sludge” - mud).

The mechanism of operation of the “stick circuit breaker” - “mud groove” is as follows. In the process of making up threaded surfaces, more and more microabrasive particles engage with friction surfaces (get stuck between them), forming in a dynamically growing chain of “microzone of engagement” - friction forces, together reaching a critical value of the degree of sticking - “sticking chain”, sticking occurs ( jamming of threaded surfaces).

The presence of a longitudinal groove - the “mud groove” allowed the mass of microparticles that got between the rubbing threaded surfaces, increasing the friction force with each revolution, and interrupted the “sticking chain” between the surfaces — to interrupt, in a cycle of one revolution (one groove) of the control caliber. Consequently, the growth of the “sticking chain” lasts no more than one revolution, and the friction forces between the threaded surfaces (pos. 6.4) are interrupted every second, not reaching the value of the “sticking”.

As it has now been established, in the case of drill pipes with longitudinal or helical grooves, such an interruption of the growth of the “sticking chain” occurs in a cycle of 1/3 revolution, that is, three times in one revolution of the drill pipe (string): correspond to the number of longitudinal or helical grooves ( pos.5.2) on the outer surface of a spiral, for example, a drill pipe - the number of breakers "sticking circuit" (figure 5).

Interruption of the “sticking chain” is achieved in the following sequence, using as an example one (or several), separately taken abrasive microparticles, for example, during drilling.

An abrasive particle of non-uniform cross section, falls between rubbing surfaces, moves to position 5.3. with a large cross section, it is jammed, that is, it engages: on the one hand, with the surface of the fixed wall of the well, on the other, the opposite, with the surface of the rotating drill pipe (pos.5.1.), restraining its rotation (movement). The pipe surface, overcoming the engagement force of the abrasive particle (s), moves to position 5.2., Where it disengages from the abrasive particle (s), by means of a groove (pos. 5.2) on the surface of the drill pipe - “sticking chain” breaker. An abrasive particle (s), disengaging from the pipe surface as a result of interruption of the “sticking chain” (due to interruption of the pipe surface by the groove pos. 5.2.), Falls into the groove 5.2. (assembled there) and is carried out outside penetrating into the groove, on the surface of the drill pipe by an upward flow (pos. 1.5.) of flushing fluid.

2.1.3. findings

2.1.3.1. In the process of drilling with rubbing surfaces, abrasive particles from the composition of the sludge are engaged (stuck between them), which are dynamically increasing concentrators of friction forces - an increasing chain of concentrates of friction forces - a “sticking chain” characterizing the degree of sticking. In the case of achieving friction forces — the “sticking chain” critical, sticking occurs, that is, stopping drilling, followed by possibly an emergency: drill string breakage, loss, failure of equipment, etc., that is, unreliable and inefficient drilling .

2.1.3.2. The consequence of the provision of the "sticking prevention" functions of a spiral, for example, drill pipe, was a change in the friction conditions and the formation of an increase in friction forces - a "sticking chain" that characterizes the degree of sticking by interrupting the surface of the drill pipe into segments, by making, for example, spiral grooves on its surface .

2.1.3.3. Consequently, spiral grooves made on the surface (occupying up to 40% of the surface) of the drill pipe, for example, grooves act as “sticking breakers” - “sticking prevention mechanisms” by interrupting the “sticking chain”.

2.1.3.4. However, spiral, for example, drill pipes interrupt the "sticking chain" and, as a result, provide a high degree of "sticking prevention", nevertheless, under conditions, to some extent, of good cleaning of the well in its horizontal sections, due to objective (negative) horizontal drilling conditions.

Because nevertheless, the existing cases of sticking of spiral drill pipes and the above analytical studies suggest that in the case of unsatisfactory (poor-quality) cleaning of even the vertical and inclined sections of the wellbore and removal of drill cuttings, the above-mentioned functions of “stick prevention” are lost for a spiral drill pipe ( do not work), due to their "congestion" (contamination) by the mass of cuttings.

2.1.3.5. As a result of the above analytical studies, objectively existing problems in the technology and technique of horizontal drilling were identified and formulated: the lack of tools (methods, devices) for high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections.

Let us formulate a general technical problem for solving a problem in the field of technology and technology for drilling horizontal sections of a wellbore:

It is necessary to develop the design of the drill pipe to implement the "Method of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections" (for more details, see section 2.3. "Selecting a" prototype ".

On the example of a study of a spiral, for example, drill pipe, it was found that in conditions of vertical drilling, that is, in conditions of satisfactory cleaning of the wellbore, in the working process mode, it satisfactorily copes with the problem of sticking at the level of their prevention.

2.1.3.6. The studies also revealed that the rotating drill pipe as a part of the string, in general, has ideal potential functions of the sludge activator, its particles in the flushing fluid flow, while drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore, with corresponding structural changes of the drill pipe.

If the outer surface of the drill pipe is, for example, screwed by supplying it with “activators of the helical movement of the flushing fluid flow in the annulus”, then such drill pipes along the entire length of the horizontal sections of the wellbore as part of the string will additionally perform the functions of a screw activator of the flushing fluid flow in annulus. Therefore, such a drill pipe will not only continuously move drill cuttings (in the form of sludge), which tends to fall out of the flushing fluid stream in the annulus and deposit on the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore, but also to carry out high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections.

As a result of supplying the drill pipe with “activators of helical movement of the flushing fluid flow in the annulus”, conditions will be provided for preventing sludge precipitation, sedimentation and deposition of drill cuttings by continuously activating it, moving the rotating drill pipe itself into the active zone of the flushing fluid flow, for it (sludge) subsequent removal.

As a result of providing conditions for the prevention of sludge deposition, subsequent sedimentation and deposition (accumulation) of cuttings in horizontal sections of the wellbore, at the scientific, that is, at the cause-and-effect level, the technical problem of high-quality and effective cleaning of horizontal sections of the wellbore during their drilling has been solved.

In turn, as a result of solving the indicated technical problem, the technical result is obtained: improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore.

2.2. State of the art

The well-known "Centrifugal pump" is a vane pump in which the movement of fluid occurs under the action of centrifugal forces arising from the rotation of the fluid by the blades of the impeller.

Figure 1 (3) p.1042 presents a diagram of a centrifugal pump.

“The impeller 1 with blades 2, mounted on the shaft 3, rotates inside the housing 4. The fluid entering the center of the wheel through the suction pipe 5 rotates with the wheel, is discarded by centrifugal force to the periphery and exits through the discharge pipe 6. As a result of the impact of the blade wheel to fluid there is an increase in the energy of the flowing fluid, characterized by an effective pump head.

Conversion of the reported fluid of kinetic energy into potential, i.e. the increase in fluid pressure due to its speed is provided by the expanding part of the pump casing, spirally covering the impeller. Usually the transition from the wheel to the spiral plane is through an expanding annular channel, sometimes equipped with fixed blades, ... ”(3) p.1042.

According to the largest number of similar features (highlighted in contrast), the known analogue (3) of p.1042, figure 1 is the closest to the inventive drill pipe for implementing the inventive Method.

Comparative analysis of known and claimed objects

Known object is a centrifugal pump (3) s.1042 figure 1 The inventive object - "Pipe for the implementation of the proposed" Method ... " - Working wheel; ... drill pipe; - with shoulder blades; ... with activators; - mounted on a shaft; ... made integral with the drill pipe; - rotating inside the case; ... the pipe rotates inside the wellbore; - the fluid rotates with the wheel; ... flushing fluid rotates with the helical hollows of the drill pipe); - the liquid is discarded by centrifugal force; ... by centrifugal force; - as a result of the impact of the blade wheel on the liquid; ... movement ... liquids are created through the energy of a rotating pipe; - the fluid ... rotates with the wheel, is discarded by centrifugal force to the periphery and comes out .... ... the prevention of sludge and the removal of its particles in the upper section of the annulus is carried out by the action of centrifugal force ... movement ... fluid.

The detailed similarity between the known and the claimed objects is explained by the fact that in the claimed pipe design for the implementation of the proposed method, the principle of operation of the well-known "centrifugal pump" (3) p.1042 is implemented.

However, the criterion for choosing a "prototype", in this particular case, is not the similarity of the maximum number of features with the object of the analogue, for example, the well-known "centrifugal pump", but the possibility of implementing the claimed "Method of cleaning the wellbore ..." and thereby solving the intended technical problem: Develop " The method for high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections "and obtaining, as a result, the technical result:" reliable and efficient drilling of horizontal sections with ox well. "

As is obvious from the description of the claimed object and the above comparative analysis of the features of the known and claimed method, due to its other purpose and the limitations of its functionality, it is precisely for the possibility of implementing the inventive "Method".

However, since the implementation of the inventive “Method” by the inventive “drill pipe” according to the principle of operation when performing the main list of operations, actually, to clean the horizontal section of the wellbore while drilling it, is the work of a well-known centrifugal pump (3) p.1042, the author decided to include in this section, its description, for a more correct (better) understanding of the essence of the claimed group of inventions, their cause and effect substantiation.

Known "Drill pipe" (options) according to the patent of Russian Federation No. 2260665, related to the field of drilling equipment, which can be used in the layout of the lower part of the drill string, designed to reduce the curvature of the borehole, drilled in anisotropic rocks.

The drill pipe contains a metal casing made with a cross-section in the form of a ring with two diametrically remote segments, with the formation of flat longitudinal sections of the outer surface of the pipe, according to the first embodiment, it is made with a higher modulus of elasticity than the elastic modulus of the metal of the pipe casing due to its plastic deformation .

As established by the analysis in section 2.1. "The existing situation of the problem", an effective "breaker of the sticking chain" in the conditions of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore should combine the simultaneous performance of two functions:

- interruption of the “sticking chain, with every 1/3 of the revolution of the drill pipe;

- prevention of sludge precipitation, by activating the mass of sludge particles (rock) from the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore into the zone of the active part of the upward flow of washing liquid and sludge particles in its composition.

Of the above functions, the well-known "Drill pipe" is able to perform, only to a small extent from the necessary - interruption of the stick (in places of two flat segments). But such an interruption cannot be qualitatively and efficiently, because flat segments are designed to achieve a different technical result.

As for the function “prevention of sludge loss”, by activating rock falling from the lower part of the horizontal section of the wellbore, it is not provided for in the well-known “Drill pipe” and, therefore, it cannot be used to achieve the noted technical result.

The invention is known "Device for drilling horizontal wells from a vertical well of large diameter", according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 1373010 (IPC E21B 7/00).

The known invention relates to the field of mining and can improve reliability and increase productivity (drilling).

The known device, as claimed, is provided for drilling horizontal wells.

However, due to another purpose, design, achieved technical result, the known device cannot be used to achieve a technical result achieved in the claimed device (and method).

The invention is known "Drill head", according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2342514.

The invention relates to drilling equipment and can be used as a drilling tool for sinking wells for various purposes by rotational cutting-chipping destruction of the rock face. The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of well drilling.

It should be noted that the achieved technical result in both the known and the claimed devices are identical. However, the known device is designed to perform other functions and cannot be used to provide "interruption of the sticking chain" (prevention of sticking) and cleaning horizontal sections of the well from cuttings.

Among the promotional brochures of VAM DRILLING company under the trademark HYDROCLEAN ^tm , hereinafter (5), are known (from the Internet "Virtual Exhibition"):

- design of drill pipes for cleaning the wellbore (5) p.56-61;

- hydraulic cleaning profiles at the central drill pipe headings, with drill joints, with a double outer diameter (5) p.62-70;

- working, operational design indicators (5) p. 71-78.

In the source (5), well-known designs are declared as “a new generation of equipment for cleaning the wellbore and controlling torque and traction, ... as an exit to a new level of drilling technology” (5) p. 78.

Known designs of the drill pipe brand HYDROCLEAN ^tm designed to clean the wells when they are drilled, therefore, they contain some of the features of the claimed "Method of cleaning the well when drilling its horizontal sections":

- torque and traction control, ... as an exit to a new level of drilling technology ”(5) p.56;

- decrease in the coefficient of friction by ~ 20-40% (5) p. 71;

- reduction of torque and thrust by ~ 40% (5) p. 71;

(5) p. 62:

- ... cleaning optimization at normal speeds;

- cutting (scooping) effect for penetration into sludge deposits;

- ... rotation is accompanied by a Venturi effect, which also raises sludge particles;

- centrifugal force moves the particles of the sludge in the area moving with a higher flow rate;

(5) p. 66-67

The main functions of cleaning the wellbore (its horizontal sections):

1. Scooping the maximum volume of deposits on the low pressure side of the well (from the zone of sedimentation of the sludge).

2. Recirculation (activation) of the maximum amount of deposits (drill cuttings) - in the active zone of the upward flow of flushing fluid.

3. Provide sufficient energy to move deposits to the upper level of the horizontal section of the well where particles cannot be deposited.

4. The “scooping effect” provides a quick reduction in deposits, and the “Venturi effect” provides additional cleaning ... of the well.

A brief critical analysis (criticism) of the analogue (5) p.66-67, in the form of the “Basic functions for cleaning the wellbore” (its horizontal sections) declared by the developer.

The signs, declared in the analogue - source (5), are causally and unsubstantiated and fulfill the task of “creating an advertising background”.

But the known information (5) gives rise to problems associated mainly with horizontal drilling.

Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a brief analysis (criticism) of the analogue, as a set of features of the drill pipe for the possibility of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections.

As justified above, in section 2.1. “The current situation of the problem ...”, the problem is due to the changed (negative) conditions of horizontal drilling: the loss of sludge and subsequent subsidence and deposition of its particles (cuttings) on the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore.

Known methods and means for cleaning a wellbore do not work or are of poor quality, ineffective. The consequence of this is: unreliable and inefficient drilling of horizontal sections of the wellbore.

Therefore, a qualitative, positive change in the created negative conditions for horizontal drilling will provide: a technical solution for the development of tools (method and device) for cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections, by preventing the loss of sludge.

As apparent from the source (5) p.62, the work of cleaning the horizontal section of the wellbore carries, in fact, "profile HCZ» hydroblasting landings on the central tube construction HYDROCLEAN ^tm.

“HCZ profile” in the total length of the drill pipe “HYDROCLEAN ^tm ” represents only its small part - a segment in the form of the specified profile.

Nevertheless, the recommended “norm” for the use of the specified drill pipe with standard drill pipes is 1/3, that is, one with the HCZ profile - every three standard connections (5) p.73. This means that after a long time of operation and sinking of the wellbore (length of three pipes) of blockage, its cleaning is carried out by a segment of the fourth pipe with a HCZ profile limited in length (and time).

Section 4 of the proposed "Method of cleaning ..." it is proved that the only high-quality and effective way to clean the horizontal section of the wellbore is the "Method", which provides cleaning at the level of prevention of sludge precipitation. To do this, it is necessary to activate the flushing fluid at the same time and constantly, throughout the annular space of the entire column of the horizontal section of the wellbore, and not throughout the length-limited, for example, HCZ profile, of every fourth pipe.

That is, this means that the entire column of the horizontal section of the wellbore works (rotates) in a state of constant clogging ((5) p. 67) of its annulus (from the side of the lower wall of the wellbore), in a state of constant energy overload to overcome friction in existing conditions of poor-quality cleaning of the wellbore, and, therefore, unreliable and inefficient.

From an analysis and a review of the known analog evident that the means for cleaning the wellbore design HYDROCLEAN ^tm horizontal sections (5) p.67 not cope with the solution for their cleaning, at the slurry loss prevention, i.e. to ensure their quality and effective cleaning. Therefore, due to the loss of sludge, the causally known design, see (5) p. 67, allows the sedimentation and deposition of particles of sludge - drill cuttings on the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore, which means that it requires constant cleaning.

All the above disadvantages of the known analogue do not allow for high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections, and therefore, excludes the possibility of achieving the intended technical result: reliable and efficient drilling of horizontal sections of the wellbore.

A weighted drill pipe is known.

“... a new type of drill collar with spiral grooves milled (made) on the outer surface, ...” (4) p. 53, and also (4) p. 47, fig. 34a: with spiral grooves.

Section 2.1. "The current situation of the problem" - the description of the claimed invention it is justified that this type of weighted drill pipe cannot be used to implement the method, due to the objective conditions of horizontal drilling, and is given in the description only as a distant analogue having common features with the "prototype" and by the claimed pipe (“spiral grooves are made on the outer surface”) (4) p. 53.

Known spiral drill pipe.

“Spiral drill pipes, as well as heavier spiral pipes, have three flat cutouts located helically in the pipe,” that is, along the outer surface of the pipe (4) p.63.

“In order to reduce the risk of sticking, a new design of drill pipes was developed in which the contact of the pipe body with the walls of the well is significantly reduced, since helicoid grooves are cut all over the pipe body (up to 40% of the surface”) (4) p.64.

So, from the description given in the source (4) p.63-65 revealed (highlighted in contrast) the essential, according to the applicant, signs of a well-known analogue: a spiral drill pipe includes the body of the drill pipe, the outer surface, the helicoid (helical) surface in the form of throughout the whole body (in the body) of the pipe are helicoidal, that is, screw (see (3) p.205 “Helicoid”) grooves, occupying up to ~ 40 ° of the entire outer surface of the pipe. “Pipes have pressure welded locks” (4) p.65.

In the course of the study of the existing situation of the problem, in particular, its causal analysis, it was established (see. "Conclusions"):

Clause 2.1.3.3. Consequently, spiral grooves made on the surface of the drill pipe, for example, grooves act as “sticking breakers” - “sticking prevention mechanisms” by interrupting the “sticking chain”.

It is the identified and cause-effect reasonable existence of the “spiral drill pipe” functions formulated in clause 2.1.3.3. "Conclusions", allowed to come to the understanding that:

- “... a rotating drill pipe as a part of the string, in general, has ideal potential functions of a sludge activator, its particles in the flushing fluid stream, while drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore, with appropriate constructive development of the drill pipe described here in the last paragraph .6 "Conclusions":

- “As a result of providing conditions for the prevention of sludge loss, sedimentation and deposition (accumulation) of cuttings in horizontal sections of the wellbore, at the scientific, that is, at the causal level, the technical problem of high-quality and effective cleaning of horizontal sections of the wellbore during their drilling has been solved ".

2.3. The choice of "prototype".

In terms of the essential features that make it possible to carry out the claimed “Method”, the closest known analogue to the inventive pipe for implementing the inventive method is a “spiral drill pipe”, so the author decided to choose it for the “prototype” (4) p.63-p.65 .

Selected for the "prototype" "spiral drill pipe" has disadvantages.

However, before proceeding with criticism of the “prototype”, that is, listing its shortcomings, it is necessary to characterize the main function in the construction of the “prototype” pipe, as established by its study.

The “mechanism” against sticking is the main function that, in terms of effectiveness, “works” at the level of sticking prevention. In negative horizontal drilling conditions, the established function of the “prototype” pipe is the most important one, which the well-known standard (and other) drill pipes do not possess, that is, with a hollow outer surface, without longitudinal or helical (screw) dividing surfaces - recesses, (grooves) in the body of the drill pipe, and it is precisely along its entire length (the helicoid (screw) grooves (4) p. 64 are cut throughout the pipe body), that is, screw surfaces that make up to 40 ° of the entire pipe surface.

In the course of analytical studies of horizontal drilling conditions (methods, means), known from the prior art, the technical task was formulated to develop a Method that provides high-quality and effective cleaning of horizontal sections of the wellbore during their drilling. "

During development, a set of essential features of the Method has been formed.

We analyze how possible the implementation of the proposed "Method of cleaning ..." through the use of pipes, "prototype" (4) p.63-64.

The author sets the task of developing a "Method of cleaning ..." at a fundamentally different level, qualitatively superior to the world: at the level of prevention of sludge loss (its subsequent deposition, accumulation and clogging of the wellbore mouth, its horizontal section).

According to the claimed "Method of cleaning ..." it is therefore necessary to propose new functions in the process of horizontal drilling, namely:

- clean the wellbore by preventing sludge;

- why the (ascending) flow of flushing fluid is “forced” to move along a strictly defined trajectory of the annulus by activating it along a helical surface;

- in turn, for the implementation of such a complex and fundamentally new operation in the horizontal drilling process, it is necessary:

- the use of kinetic energy of rotation of the entire drill pipe string (to ensure helical activation of sludge in the flushing fluid flow in the annulus, over the entire length of the horizontal sections of the wellbore);

- the use of the action of centrifugal force (energy) activated on the helical surface of the movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus.

Based on the listed fundamentally new operations of the horizontal drilling process according to the claimed "Method of cleaning ...", for its implementation, the author sets the task of developing a fundamentally new design of the drill pipe, allowing the inventive "Method of cleaning ...".

As will be justified below, the idea of choosing the well-known “helical drill pipe” (4) p.63-65 as a “prototype” is not only to save the drill pipe in the inventive design for the implementation of the “Cleaning Method ...” embodied in the “prototype” "Stuck prevention mechanism", extremely necessary in horizontal drilling.

But the idea of the choice is that on the basis of the function of the “sticking prevention mechanism” available only in the “prototype” in the form of “existing three flat cutouts located helical (ie in the form of a helical surface) along the outer surface of the pipe” (4) with .63-p.65, create additional functionality necessary and sufficient for the implementation of the proposed "Method of cleaning ...".

These functions should be carried out by the claimed pipe design, by:

- execution of the outer surface of the screw pipe by supplying it with at least three “activators of screw movement of the flushing fluid in the annulus” ... in the form of semicircular profiles, each of which is equipped with a “screw support belt” with a support profile that is compatible (equal to the radius) with the supporting surface of the lower wall of the wellbore.

The supply of the outer surface of the pipe, at least three “activators of the helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus” provides the functions:

- each of the three “activators” performs the function of “interruption sticking mechanism”;

- the implementation of the outer surface of the screw pipe provides the most optimal, that is, an effective trajectory of the sludge, (as part of the flow of flushing fluid) in the annulus;

- which, in turn, provides the most effective hydrodynamic conditions in the annulus of the suspended state of the sludge, that is, the conditions for the most stable state of prevention of sludge precipitation and, as a result, provides the most effective and high-quality cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections.

It is obvious that the well-known “Spiral Drill Pipe” (4) p.63-p.65, selected as a “prototype”, cannot be used to implement the claimed “Method for cleaning a wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections”, due to the functional limitation of the pipe - "Prototype".

The technical task of developing the design of the drill pipe to implement the "Method for high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections": expanding the functionality of the "spiral drill pipe" (4) p.63-65, selected for the "prototype".

2.4. Disclosure of the invention (according to claim 2)

2.4.1. "... The outer surface of the pipe is made screw, ..."

As a result of the analytical studies on the problem of high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections ("Method of cleaning ..."), the author established (see subsection "Conclusions"):

The trajectory of the sludge (its particles) in the annular (cylindrical) space of the wellbore, when drilling its horizontal sections, is (in a half-turn cycle - from top to bottom) a spatial spiral curve made on the surface of a round cylinder (surface of a drill pipe) - "cylindrical helix line ”(6) p.149.

Then the surface of each pipe of the drill string, through which the trajectory of the sludge (its particles) should be carried out, through the flow of flushing fluid in the annular (cylindrical) space, by activating it, while drilling its horizontal sections, should correspond to "... the screw surface described by the curve -formative, uniformly rotating around a certain axis and at the same time making uniform translational motion along this axis ”(6) p.149.

Therefore, the sign according to clause 2.4.1. causally caused by the obtained technical result: "improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore".

2.4.2. "... by supplying it with at least three" activators of helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus, ... ".

In the course of research on the problem of developing tools for the implementation of the “Cleaning Method ...” the author also established (see Subsection 2.1.3. “Conclusions”) that ... a drill pipe rotating as a part of the string generally has ideal potential functions of a sludge activator, its particles in the flushing fluid flow, while drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore, with appropriate structural changes in the drill pipe. "

That is, if the outer surface of the drill pipe is helical, by supplying it:

“Activators of the screw movement of the flushing fluid flow in the annulus”, such drill pipes along the entire length of the horizontal sections of the wellbore as part of the string will additionally perform the functions of “activator of the spiral flow of flushing fluid in the annulus”.

Therefore, such a drill pipe will not only continuously move drill cuttings in the form of sludge (as part of the flushing fluid flow), which tends to fall out and deposit on the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore, but also thereby ensure high-quality cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections .

As a result of supplying the drill pipe with “activators of helical movement of the flushing fluid flow in the annulus”, conditions are provided for preventing the loss of sludge, sedimentation and deposition of drill cuttings, by continuously activating it, moving the rotating drill pipe itself into the activated zone of the flushing fluid flow, for it ( sludge) subsequent removal.

The minimum number of three “activators ...” is determined by the design of the helical drill pipe adopted for the “prototype” (4) p.63-65, as sufficient and necessary to ensure a satisfactory result of the degree of sticking (“sticking chain”).

A larger number, for example, up to 4-6 “activators ...” is due to the universality of the claimed group of inventions, that is, due to the potentially large range of sizes of drill pipes used;

When drilling a pipe with a multiple of a larger diameter, with a correspondingly lower angular velocity, the required intensity, that is, the efficiency of activation of the sludge in the washing fluid flow in the annulus is compensated by a proportional increase in the number of “activators of the screw movement of the washing fluid flow in the annulus” (see, e.g., (4 ) p.47, fig. 34 “b”, “c” - functionally (limitedly) demanded as anti-seizing mechanisms).

As a result of providing conditions for the prevention of sludge deposition, subsequent sedimentation and deposition (accumulation) of cuttings in horizontal sections of the wellbore, at the scientific, that is, at the cause-and-effect level, the technical problem of high-quality and effective cleaning of horizontal sections of the wellbore during their drilling has been solved.

In turn, as a result of solving the indicated technical problem, the technical result is obtained: improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore.

2.4.3. “... technologically accomplished at the same time as her body, in the form of those located at equal angular intervals along her outer surface, ...”

The supply of the drill pipe with at least three “activators of helical movement of the flushing fluid flow in the annulus” made it possible to expand the functionality of the pipe to a wide range of operations for high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore, at the level of prevention of sludge loss, that is, implement the claimed “ The way ... ".

Obviously, the execution of the outer surface of the screw pipe is based on three “activators of the helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus” forming a screw surface and other elements reflected in paragraph 2 of the claims.

That is, “activators ...” made on the surface of the pipe are the fundamental and most important elements that influence the fulfillment of the technical task and, as a result, the achievement of the technical result: “reliable and efficient drilling”.

Therefore, the fundamental and most important elements of the claimed pipe - “activators ...” technologically, that is, in the process of their production, are made at the same time as the pipe body ”, that is, all-catone (and not welded, for example), providing reliable and, therefore, effective drilling : for example, resistance to torque, elimination of fatigue cracks, breaks, accidents, etc.

In the "screw activation of the flow of washing liquid" made on the outer surface, it is carried out due to the interaction of its two elements:

- “activators of the helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus” (along the hollows between the helical surfaces forming the three “activators ...” of the pipe), “... through the energy of the rotating pipe ...” (see paragraph 1 of the formula);

A similar implementation is necessary to carry out cleaning of the wellbore by preventing sludge from falling out: “... why, during drilling, the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus is created by its“ screw activation ... ”(see paragraph 1 of the formula).

In the section "Selection of the prototype" it is established: the implementation of the outer surface of the screw provides, including: the most optimal, that is, the effective trajectory of the sludge (as part of the flushing fluid) along the screw depressions in the annulus.

Indeed, making screw movement along screw cavities around a pipe, the sludge, its particles in the washing liquid do not even overcome the friction forces between the screw surface of the pipe and, in fact, the flow of washing liquid: the sludge moves along the screw surface of the pipe (i.e. in the screw hollows of the pipe ), that is, with respect to the helical surface, in principle, it does not move, which is confirmed by the example of a similar mechanism and the movements made: “... in which the fluid is supplied through moving blades screw cavities ... ”(3) p.149“ Screw pump ”.

2.4.4. “... in cross section in the form of semicircular profiles ...”

Initially, the technical task of designing and creating a pipe: the implementation of the claimed invention “A method for cleaning a wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections”, for the implementation of the set of operations (movements) included in claim 1 of the claims.

That is, part of the characteristics of paragraph 2 of the formula - subparagraph 2.4.4. causally related to the technical result achieved by the invention.

Based on the above stated in subparagraph 2.4.4. feature, the implementation of the "activators ..." "... in the cross section in the form of semicircular profiles ..." is due to the streamlining of the surface of the activators with simultaneous exposure (activation) of the screw surface of the pipe throughout the horizontal sections of the wellbore (condition for the prevention of sludge):

- as with the mass of flushing fluid along its entire length;

- and during friction of the helical surface of the activators "... in cross section in the form of semicircular profiles ..." - on the lower (supporting) surface of the wellbore as synchronously, throughout the horizontal sections of the wellbore.

Such a design of streamlined activators is due to a significant reduction in the torque transmitted from the contact - bearing surface of the entire chain - drill pipe string - to the gearbox, which, in turn, is causally related to the achieved technical result: "improving the reliability and efficiency of horizontal drilling sections of the wellbore. "

2.4.5. "... each of which at the apex is made in the form of a" helical support belt "with a support profile that is compatible with the profile of the lower wall of horizontal sections of the wellbore ..."

The helical surface of the pipe is formed by three generators (conditionally) - “activators of the helical movement of the washing fluid flow”, the helical lines of each of them (conditionally) - their axis of symmetry - a curve located on the outer surface of the pipe - a cylindrical helix intersecting the corresponding generatrix (not all generators: since the helical surface in the inventive pipe is multi-starting and each generatrix (activator) has its own helix) at the same angle (4) p.149 “Helix”.

The term "screw support belt", therefore, is due to two functions of the screw surface: in shape (spiral) and support (weight of the pipe).

Screw surface parameters:

- angle of elevation alpha (d) of the helix (~ 60 °);

- pitch of the helix (~ 900 mm, with an outer diameter of the pipe 89 mm) (4) p.50, Table 12);

- with the length (L) of the pipe ~ 9000 mm, each of the three activators with the corresponding helix will cover the pipe ~ nine times. That is, using a figurative expression, each of the three activators will look on the outer surface of the pipe - in the form of a "belt" with ~ nine turns "... in the form located between each other with the same angular intervals (see paragraph 2 of the formula) along its outer surface ... ”(interval of 120 °), therefore, the linear interval (the width of the helical cavity, the flow of washing liquid) is ~ 90 mm (PD: 3).

Based on the described design, the contact of the outer surface of the inventive pipe in the process of cleaning ... the well during its drilling, with the supporting surface - the bottom wall of the wellbore is 100% excluded.

The load from the weight of the pipe and from the frictional force with the contact abutment surface — the bottom wall of the wellbore during the cleaning of the wellbore while drilling it carries the support profile of the “screw support belt”.

Section 2.3. "The choice of the prototype" by the author of the proposed object "Pipe for the implementation of the method" established:

“Based on the listed fundamentally new operations of the horizontal drilling process according to the claimed“ Method of cleaning ... ”, for its implementation the author sets the technical task of developing a fundamentally new design of the drill pipe that allows the inventive“ Method of cleaning ... ", namely:

“Extension of the functionality of the“ spiral drill pipe ”(4) p.63-64, selected for the“ prototype ”.

During the cleaning process ... during drilling ..., that is, during rotation, the pipe, by its weight and, accordingly, by friction, acts on the supporting surface - the lower wall of the wellbore, through the corresponding profile of the corresponding "screw support belt".

With an angular interval of 120 ° and a linear interval of ~ 90 mm (the width of the depression of the helical movement), each interval of the helical surface is one step (~ 900 mm) of the claimed pipe, for example, with a diameter of 89 mm, with a weight of ~ 23.7 kg. (see above - "Calculation of the weight of the claimed pipe) acts through three support profiles of the corresponding three" screw support belts "on the support surface - the bottom wall of the wellbore, during rotation. Therefore, the pressure force of the pipe weight and the friction force exerted on the lower wall of the wellbore are differentiated; kinetic moment is inversely proportional to the angular velocity of rotation of the drill pipe (according to the author) (2) volume 2 p.829 “Moment of momentum”.

At an angular speed of, for example, 120 rpm, each of the three support profiles of the corresponding three “screw support belts” will perform axial movement (relative) along the support surface — the bottom wall of the wellbore with a corresponding interval of ~ 1000 mm — one step, in half a second. Consequently, for one revolution of the whole pipe ~ 9000 mm ~ nine steps (9000 mm: 1000 mm), the total axial length of the support profiles in length, in number (3 profiles × 9 steps) along the supporting surface - the bottom wall of the wellbore, will be 9 m per floor - seconds.

What conclusions follow from a comparative analysis with the corresponding well-known analogue?

If we compare a similar solution for the functioning of the support surface of a drill pipe, for example, a “support profile (annular)”, known from the state of the art (5) p.61 “HBZ hydraulic support profile”, then its total support area with similar pipe parameters, for example :

The outer diameter is ~ 100 mm, the width of two supporting profiles (ring) is ~ 50 mm, then the total area will be per pipe:

Analogue: 314 cm ² (3.14 × 10 cm × 5 cm × 2);

The claimed pipe: 4050 cm ² (900 cm. × 1.5 cm + 13500 cm × 3).

Conclusion: the inventive drill pipe the total area of the support profile of the helical support belt is larger than the total area of the "profile of the hydraulic support HBZ: ~ 12.8 times (4050 cm ² : 314 cm ² ).

In this case, at a time (simultaneously) in the inventive pipe, only ~ 40 cm ^{2 of} the support profile area is involved (directly in contact with the support surface of the wellbore) (see in detail "Calculation of the weight of the claimed pipe ...".

And in a well-known object - an analogue of the HBZ profile (5) p. 67: from 30 to 50%, i.e. ~ 100-150 cm ² .

What is the need (cause and effect) for the implementation of the reference profile, compatible with the surface profile of the walls of the horizontal sections of the wellbore, that is, what is the need to make the radius of the reference profile equal to the radius of the surface of the walls ... of the wellbore?

Due to the lack of rigid axial fixation, the rotation path of the drill pipe as part of the drill string during horizontal penetration is determined not by its rotation axis, but by the path of the support surface of the drill pipe, which in this case is the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore.

Why is the support profile of the "helical support belt" made compatible (that is, equal) with the surface profile of the walls of the horizontal section of the wellbore?

Under the conditions of penetration in formations represented by soft rocks, when performing a support profile compatible (i.e. equal) with the surface profile of the walls, that is, the supporting surface of the horizontal section of the wellbore, the area of the drill pipe support is maximum. Therefore, the specific pressure of the drill pipe on the bottom wall of the wellbore is minimum, sufficient and necessary to exclude the possibility of its destruction, that is, sufficient to achieve a technical result: improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore.

2.4.6. "... while the radius of the semicircular profile" of the activator of the helical movement of the flow of washing fluid in the annulus "of the corresponding pipe is determined by the formula:

, $$R_{P.P.\mathrm{BUT}}=\frac{(D_{N.B.3}-D_{N.TR.})}{2}+(0.1-0.04D_{N.TR.})$$

,

Where

R _PPA - the radius of the semicircular profile of the “activator of the helical movement of the flow of washing fluid in the annulus” of the corresponding pipe, in mm;

D _NBZ - the diameter of the outer drill _joint of the corresponding pipe for the implementation of the "Method ...", mm;

D _N.TR - the outer diameter of the corresponding pipe for the implementation of the "Method ...", mm;

0.1-0.04 D _N.TR - the range of the ratio of the zone of the reference profile of the "screw support belt" of the activator of the screw movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus "to the outer diameter of the corresponding pipe for the implementation of the" Method ... ", in mm.

From analytical studies on the topic “Method of cleaning ...” the author came to the conclusion that the pipe as part of the drill string “should carry out the functions of high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections”.

Only the pipe as part of the drill string "has" (potentially) functions for the implementation of high-quality and effective cleaning of the horizontal section of the wellbore by activating the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus during drilling, that is, by preventing the loss of sludge (see the description of the invention, section 1.6 "prior art").

Moreover, the "Method ..." is applicable when drilling horizontal (and inclined) sections of the wellbore of any size from the size range. That is, the claimed "Method ..." and the pipe for its implementation are based on the universality and, therefore, the standard used in the practice of the modern level of technology.

Hence it is logical that the created drill pipe for the implementation of the proposed "Method ..." can be based on the current standard sizes, for example, the standard ANI:

- outer and inner pipe dimensions (see also Table 1, column 1);

- weight of 1 m of pipe with couplings, according to the standard (see also Table 1, column 5);

- type of lock (see Table 1, column 2);

- diameter (D) of the outer lock, in mm (see also Table 1, column 3).

Now, moving on the principle from general to particular, we briefly state the essence of the explained formula for determining the radius R _{P. P. A of the} semicircular profile of the “activator of the screw movement of the flow of washing liquid in the annulus” of the corresponding pipe:

The technical task of developing the design of the pipe for the implementation of the "Method of cleaning ...": expanding the functionality of the "Spiral drill pipe" (4) p.63-65, selected for the "prototype" (see section 2.3. "Choosing a prototype"), including including:

- the execution of the outer surface of the pipe "screw" provides the most optimal, that is, an effective trajectory of the sludge (as part of the flow of flushing fluid) in the annulus;

- which, in turn, provides the most effective hydrodynamic conditions in the annulus of the suspended state of the sludge, that is, the conditions for the most stable state of prevention of sludge loss, and, as a result, provides the most effective and high-quality cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections.

The developed pipe design provides the formulated functions with the form of its execution.

The cited attribute 2.4.6. Clause 2 of the formula of the claimed group of inventions statistically (qualitatively) substantiates the effectiveness of hydrodynamic conditions in the annulus:

Essentially, this formula is an “algorithm” for fulfilling the conditions for ensuring effective hydrodynamics in the annulus expressed in the “unified” form of the aggregate dimensional chain of the “radius of the semicircular profile of the“ screw flow activator of the washing fluid flow in the annulus ”of the corresponding (from the size range) pipe to implement a method of cleaning a wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections, according to the principle: necessity and sufficiency to achieve a technical result.

Based on the above evidence, the author considers the sign "2.4.6." Essential to achieve the technical result of "reliable and efficient drilling of horizontal sections of the wellbore", and therefore included it in paragraph 2 of the claims.

2.4.7 ... and the angular sector of the support profile of the "screw support belt" is made in the ratio, in the range of 0.30-0.45 to the angular sector, in the cross section in the form of a semicircular profile of the "activator of the screw movement of the flow of washing fluid in the annulus" corresponding pipes for implementing the method.

What is the need for this feature of claim 2, that is, what is the significance of this feature in achieving the technical result of "improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore?"

The answer to this question is contained in the function performed by this pipe element for the implementation of the "Method ..." - a support profile that determines not only the shape but also the actual width of the "screw support belt".

Knowing the width of the "screw support belt" and the length of the helix per revolution, that is, the step (2 P R tg d) (3) p.148, the step-by-step area of the "screw support profile, that is, the total support area of the entire pipe, and the drill string of horizontal sections of the wellbore (see also Section 2.5.2. "Calculation of the parameters of the claimed pipe ...").

As follows from the description of the pipe for the implementation of the "Method ...", its element - the "support profile" - a link in a single functional, cause-effect chain, necessary, and in conjunction with the whole chain - sufficient to achieve the specified technical result.

From the section 2.4. "Disclosure of the invention" of the list of evidence of materiality of the signs 2.4.5., 2.4.6. and disclosed attribute 2.4.7. Clause 2. Claims of the invention, the feature “support profile” appears as an integral part of the “helical support belt”, that is, a link in the cause and effect chain, characterized as an essential feature of claim 2 of the formula.

In support of the ratio, in the range of 0.30-0.45 angular sectors ....

The rationale for this part of the sign 2.4.7. also due to the functionality performed by the reference profile:

- on the one hand, ensuring maximum resistance to abrasion from the effects of sliding friction, that is, ensuring the maximum working life of the pipe: characterizes the efficiency of drilling;

- on the other hand, the need to fulfill the value of the radius of the support profile, a sufficient area of the support surface of the profile for optimal specific pressure of the pipe on the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore, even represented by soft rocks, to avoid its destruction and possible emergency situations, characterizes the safety of horizontal drilling.

Based on the justifications of the selected range (for the entire pipe size range: see Table 1), the value of the support profile, that is, the width of the "screw support belt" is chosen balanced:

- calculations of the parameters of the claimed pipe (see also section 2.5.2 of the description);

- in accordance with the dimensional chain, modeled in graphic form, on a 1: 1 scale of each size of the claimed pipe construction: see, for example, in Fig. 8, a vertical section G-G in Fig. 7 of a pipe with an outer diameter of pos. 8.3. - 89 mm, where the ratio of the angular sector of the support profile (pos. 8.11.) To the angular sector ... of the “activator of the screw movement ...” (pos. 8.12.) Is 0.42 (column 8, Table 1).

2.5. Description in the statics of the drill pipe for the implementation of the proposed method for cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections.

For greater clarity, that is, for a more accurate representation of the essence of the claimed "Method of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections" and the claimed design of the drill pipe to implement the "Method ...", a graphical representation of the drill pipe in cross section (Fig. 8) given:

- on a 1: 1 scale, as an example, the declared pipe (see sizes: Table 1) is based on the “Drill pipe”, the parameters of which correspond to the ANI standard (4) p. 59 Table 16, diameter 89 mm (Fig. 8, pos. 8.1);

- on a scale of 1: 1 laid (see sizes: Table 1) parameters (outer diameters) of drill joints (4) p.61 Table 18. In Fig. 8, for example, ZS lock, the outer diameter of the lock is 117.48 mm ( pos.7.13. (8.13.), pos.7.15.

In the description “in statics” and hereinafter “in dynamics”, the pipe elements are indicated simultaneously, both in a general view (Fig. 7) and in a section G-G in a vertical plane, in Fig. 7-Fig. 8.

This designation of the pipe elements at the same time in two positions, that is, in a general view (Fig. 7) - in 2 planes) and its enlarged version, depicted more clearly, in a 1: 1 scale (Fig. 8 - in the vertical plane) allows you to accurately (accurately) ) and quickly read the graphic image data to the description of the claimed complex of inventions embodied in 2 planes.

In Fig.7 and Fig.8 depicts, respectively, the types of drill pipe:

- General view of the working position, with the image of a horizontal section of the wellbore, in longitudinal section;

- cross section GG in Fig.7 (Fig.8).

Explanations of FIG. 9

For the need and the possibility of a clearer representation both in statics and in the kinematics of the inventive drill pipe for implementing the inventive "Method ...", namely, a clearer representation:

- configuration of the total area of the contact surface of the "screw support belt" (Fig.9 pos.9.8.) - with the support surface 8.10. the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore.

Therefore, figure 9 is a graphical representation of the actual fragments of only three "screw support belts" 9.8. and the shapes of their intersection 9.16., that is, the shapes of the bearing area (on a 1: 1 scale) and the bearing surface (conditionally, in dashed lines), pos. 9.11. bottom wall of the borehole pos.7.10. (8.10).

So, for the possibility of determining and justifying the shape, dimensions, that is, the size of the supporting surface 9.16. (in the form of a parallelogram), its movement, that is, the movement of the weight of the pipe 9.1. along the supporting surface 9.11. bottom wall 7.10. (8.10) the wellbore, as the pipe rotates, a graphic explanation is given in FIG. 9.

The drill pipe in Fig.7 pos.7.1. (in Fig. 8-pos. 8.1., etc.) includes the body 7.2. (8.2.) Pipes, outer surface 7.3. (8.3.) Pipes made of screw (Fig.7).

Screw surface of the drill pipe 7.1. (8.1.) Is made: of three parallel generators - “activators 7.4. (8.4.) Screw movement of the flushing fluid flow ”(see arrows) 7.6. (8.6.) And formed between parallel "activators" 7.4. (8.4.) Screw cavities 7.5. (8.5.) For screw movement of the activated wash fluid flow through them 7.6. (8.6.) In the annulus (see also (3) p.149 “Screw pump”).

Three activators 7.4. (8.4.) "Screw movement" of the flow of flushing fluid 7.5. (8.5.) (Shown by arrows) are made at the same time with the body 7.2. (8.2.) Pipes 7.1. (8.1) technologically, that is, in the process of it (pipe) 7.1. (8.1.) Production (for example, by drawing, on pipe processing machines ... with some special profiles, for example, with a profile of the claimed drill pipe design (Fig. 8) for implementing the "Method of cleaning the wellbore ..." (obtained by fine-tuning individual profile elements (reference profile 8.9.) on the matrix for the production of the inventive drill pipe (Fig. 8), for example, by an electroerosive method).

The inventive "drill pipe 7.1. (8.1.) For the implementation of the "Method ..." may be made of alloy steel. Given the particularly difficult operating conditions, to ensure abrasion resistance, the pipe is made from high-alloy steel grades. For the possibility of hardening by heat treatment, of the order of 60-65 units on the Rockwell scale, for example, induction heating of the hardened zone (pos. 8.1.) Of the support profile is used, to a depth: from the level (pos. 8.9.) ~ To the level (pos. 8.13) - in dashed lines) of the outer surface of the drill lock. When drilling formations represented by abrasive or solid rocks, for example, from granite, hardening of the support profile is possible 8.9. "Screw support belt", pos.7.8. (9.8.), For example, by reinforcing with a hard alloy or by the method of its deposition, with subsequent refinement of the surface of the support profile 8.9 ..

"Activators" 7.4. (8.4.) In the amount of three, made in the form located on the outer surface 7.3. (8.3.) Pipes 7.1. (8.1.), With the same angular intervals of 120 ° (Fig. 8), in cross section (Fig. 8), in the form of semicircular profiles 8.7., Each of which at the apex is made in the form of a "screw support belt" 7.8. (9.8.) (Not visible in Fig. 8), with the supporting profile 8.9. Made compatible, that is, the same in size with the profile (radius) of the supporting surface 9.11. (conditionally) the lower wall 8.10. (7.10.) A horizontal section of the wellbore.

Furthermore, radius value is 8.7. semicircular profile of each of the three "activators 7.4. (8.4) screw movement of flushing fluid flow 7.5. (8.5.) In the annulus "of the corresponding drill pipe 7.1. (8.1.) Is determined by the mathematical formula (see paragraph 2 of the claims of the claimed invention). Certain values of the approximate size range of drill pipes 7.1. (8.1.) Are shown in the columns of Table 1. And the angular sector is 8.11. reference profile 8.9. screw support belt 7.8. (not shown in Fig. 8) and the angular sector 8.12 "of the activator 8.4. (7.4.) Helical movement of flushing fluid flow 7.6. (8.6.) (Shown by arrows) in the annulus "of the corresponding drill pipe 7.1. (8.1.) Are made from a ratio in the range of 0.3-0.45 (see Table 1, column 8).

To capture the drill pipe 7.1., For example, with an elevator or wedges, the beginning of three activators 7.4. (8.4.), That is, a helical surface at its ends, on the outer surface 7.3. perform at a distance:

- from the coupling thread (pos. 7.15.) - at a distance of ~ 1500 mm;

- from the nipple thread (pos.7.13.) - at a distance of ~ 600 mm (see also (4) p.64).

However, a drill pipe design option 7.1 is possible. (8.1.) With the implementation of three activators 7.4. (8.4.) And the depressions formed between them 8.5. screw movement, that is, a screw surface to the length of the entire outer surface 7.3. (8.3) pipes 7.1. (8.1.). This option design pipe 7.1. (8.1) allows to achieve the quality and efficiency of cleaning as fully as possible, due to the elimination of partial interruption of the screw surface of the link (pipe 7.1. (8.1.) Of the drill string.

Then it becomes necessary to clamp the pipe at the ends - on the outer surface 7.3. (8.3.), Between activators 7.4. (8.4.), That is, adapt the appropriate technological standard for the used equipment, for example, an elevator, wedges, as well as chuck cams during machining and threading nipple 7.13. and coupling 7.15. at the ends of the drill pipe 7.1.

Periodic restoration due to abrasion (wear) of the hardened support profile 8.9. each of the three support zones 9.8. (7.8.) Is possible in the field, through special compact installations designed and manufactured for these purposes.

The final “refinement” of the radius of the support profile 8.9. - up to the level of the radius of the supporting surface 8.10. the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore can be achieved autonomously, in the process of friction of these surfaces.

2.5.1. In support of the angle of elevation of the helix - alpha (d ~ 60 °) of the helical surface of the inventive drill pipe for the implementation of the "Method of cleaning the borehole while drilling its horizontal sections"

By type, this screw surface is called multi-start (3) p.148 “Screw”. Since it has three helix lines (each of the three activators, respectively, has one helix (conditionally).

The angle of elevation - alpha (d) of the helix corresponds to ~ 60 °. This value is due to several conditions causally related to each other and the obtained technical result.

The elevation angle — alpha (d ~ 60 °) of the helix — is determined by several conditions formed by the long-term practice of operating a spiral drill pipe, chosen as the “prototype” (4) p.63-64.

During horizontal drilling, the speed of the progressive movement of the sludge as part of the wash fluid flow in the annulus should be necessary and sufficient to keep the slurry in suspension, taking into account the physics of the drilled rocks and the composition of the wash fluid itself.

A high angle rise — alpha d (~ 60 °) —the trajectory of the flow of flushing fluid — along the helical surface of the inventive drill pipe is a kind of “balance of expediency and necessity” of conditions for effective hydrodynamics for sludge as part of the flow of flushing fluid.

On the one hand, the helical movement of sludge in the annulus - along the helical depressions 7.5. (8.5.), Necessary and sufficient to ensure "prevention of sludge" (from the composition of the washing liquid). That is, the sufficiency and necessity of the conditions (actions) to ensure high-quality cleaning of the wellbore (see paragraph 1 of the claims): "... by preventing the loss of sludge ..., by its screw activation ... by the action of centrifugal force" activated helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus space ”, that is, the conditions for ensuring high-quality cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections.

On the other hand, the provision of this is necessary - dynamic translational motion (the speed of the sludge in the wash fluid stream, sufficient to quickly carry it out, that is, to ensure effective cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections.

“Regardless of the nature of the geological section, depth and temperature regime of the well, the purpose of the wash solution ...:

... 2) to bring the cuttings to the surface, which is achieved by increasing the velocity of the upward flow (flow of flushing fluid (Fig.7: pos.7.6., Fig.8, pos.8.6.) In the annulus "(4) p.139.

2.5.2. Calculation of the parameters of the claimed pipe: weight, area of the support profile and specific pressure of the pipe on the support surface - the bottom wall of the wellbore.

In Fig.9. A graphic image of the sweeps superimposed on each other (on a 1: 1 scale) is given:

- a fragment of a horizontal section of the wellbore with a conditionally depicted (in dashed lines), a potential strip of the supporting surface 9.11.

- a fragment of the helical surface of the drill pipe 9.1. (with an outer diameter of 89 mm), with the image of three "screw support belts" 9.8., with an angle of elevation of alpha (d ~ 60 °) and a pitch of a helix (conditionally, the axis of symmetry of the support belt 9.8. (7.8.) equal to ~ 900 mm (4) p. 60.

Then the distance between each adjacent two supporting zones is 9.8. (7.8.) (Not shown in Fig. 8) is ~ 89 mm (PD: 3).

The graphic image in Fig.9 allows to determine:

- bearing surface 9.16. shape - a parallelogram with sides a ~ 3.6 cm (poz.9.16.) to about 3.6 cm (poz.9.16.).

- the area of the supporting surface (pos. 9.16.) (in Fig. 7, Fig. 8 is not shown): ~ 13 cm ² (3.6 cm. × 3.6 cm).

Pipe 9.1. (7.1.) With a helical surface - threaded, with three generators - “activators” 7.4. (8.4.). That is, the number of screw support belts is 9.8. (7.8) - three, each of which has its own supporting surface 9.16. (see Fig.9).

Therefore, for each step of the helix ~ 1000 mm (1 m) pipe 9.1. (7.1.) Relies on three bearing surfaces 9.16., Distributed over the pipe (and on the surface 9.11.) In the range of ~ 89 mm, (for example, a pipe with an outer diameter of 89 mm), with a total bearing area of 9.16. equal to ~ 39 cm ² (13 cm ² × 3).

findings

The above “Calculation” showed that one (1) m of a standard drill pipe, with a diameter of 89 mm, with a weight of 19.79 kg (19.79 kg × 1 m) (4) p. 60. Table 17), the weight of 1 m (one step of the helical surface) of the claimed drill pipe is 23.7 kg (19.79 kg + (19.79 × 20%): according to the assessment of the inventor, the claimed pipe is ~ 20% heavier than the standard ( see Table 1).

Then created on the supporting surface 9.11. bottom wall 8.10. the horizontal section of the wellbore, the specific pressure of the claimed drill pipe is ~ 0.6 kg / cm (23.7 kg: 39 cm), which causally substantiates the reliability of the implementation of the "Method of cleaning ..." when drilling ... horizontal sections, including those presented soft rocks.

2.6. The implementation of the method of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections through the inventive design of the drill pipe.

The method is carried out by the inventive design of the drill pipe according to the following simulated technical and technological conditions of horizontal drilling.

2.6.1. In support of the choice of the order of numbering of positions (elements) of graphic images.

The materials of the application for a group of inventions feature two components of a graphic image.

The first component is a graphic image associated with an explanation of the material under study on the problems of this topic (figures 1-6):

- “Method of cleaning ...” - subsections 1.1.-1.6. application descriptions;

- “Drill pipe for the implementation of the“ Method of cleaning ... "” - subsection 2.1 .;

Figurative positions (elements) of graphical images (Figs. 1-6) are known in the prior art, both centuries old (Fig. 5) and later (Fig. 6), and modern objects (Fig. 1) and sections figure 1: aa (figure 2); B-B (figure 3); BB (FIG. 4).

As follows from the description of the objects shown in FIGS. 1-6 on the subject of the application, the objects are not connected by a single technical concept taken from various sources of information (FIG. 6) are given in support of evidence only for individual elements of the topic under study.

Therefore, the numbering of elements of graphic images (Fig.1-6) is carried out according to the well-known principle of subordination. For example, the subsection number is indicated after the corresponding number in the content of any information source.

According to the applicant, taking into account the above circumstances, in this numbering procedure there was no violation of paragraph (12) of section 6.8. “Graphic Images” of the “Rules for Compiling, Filing and Considering an Application for the Issue of a Patent for an Invention” Moscow OJSC INITs “Patent” 2006, hereinafter (8).

According to this principle, the numbering of the same elements (item 1 - drill pipe) in figures 1-4 and even in figure 5 - under the same number "1" (one) and is indicated after the number of the corresponding figure.

The second component of the graphic image is actually the claimed design of the drill pipe for the implementation of the "Method of drilling ..." (figures: 7, 8, 9).

In these figures, the numbering of positions is performed in the same order as specified in paragraph (12) of section 6.8. Regulation (7): “The same elements represented in several figures are denoted by the same number.

In the graphic images of the claimed group of inventions - in figures 7, 8, 9, the same elements of the inventive drill pipe for the implementation of the "Method ..." is indicated by the same figure. "

The need for such numbering of elements of graphic images - “positions” with the indication of the figure number - the first digit of the position number (see figures 7-9) is due to the features:

- the essence of the claimed object ("drill pipe for the implementation of the cleaning method ...") in general ...;

- and distinguishing features (claim 2 of the claims), in particular.

In a general view of the claimed object according to claim 2, in Fig. 7, there are fragments: a horizontal section of a wellbore and a drill string passing through it, a drill pipe embedded in it, with a length of ~ 9000 mm (9 m) and an outer diameter of ~ 79 mm .

Figure 7 graphically it was possible to depict the inventive drill pipe;

- in length - on a scale of 1:36 (9000 mm: 250 mm), that is, with a decrease of 36 times;

- along the radius (R = 16.5 mm, see Table 1) of activators 7.4. (in Fig.8 - pos.8.4.) ... in the form of semicircular profiles ..., on a scale of 1: 8 (16.5 mm: 2 mm). When the image is on the same scale (1:36), the severity of the graphic image of the element (pos. 7.4.) Is lost to the degree of “normal” perception, which contradicts the requirements of clause 2 of Section 6.8. Rules (8). Therefore, a correct understanding of the essence of this particular attribute of claim 2 of the claims and the invention as a whole is also lost.

Therefore, to achieve the necessary degree of readability and understanding of the invention, in Fig. 8, in section AA in Fig. 7, an image of the elements of the drill pipe is given (7.1. In Fig. 8 - pos. 8.1.), With an increase of 8 times, that is, on a scale of 1: 1, in another, vertical plane, possible for the image of the graphic elements of the object (positions), indicated by the corresponding serial number - number.

In addition, the same position in the same plane, for example, in horizontal - in General view, Fig.7:

- Impossible to depict: pos. 7; pos. 8; Pos. 16 and others;

- the indicated positions can be shown (depicted) enlarged, only in Fig. 8.

- not expressively: pos.2, it is required to be depicted in another plane, enlarged (on a 1: 1 scale), that is, in Fig. 8.

Given the noted features of the graphic image, in the description of the invention, the serial number of the positions in Fig. 7 is duplicated (in brackets) with the same positions in Fig. 8 and vice versa (see the description of the invention, sections: “Description of the pipe in static, in dynamics). It is this order (duplication of positions) of numbering that allows you to qualitatively read and understand the essence of the invention.

2.6.2. Technical and technological parameters of the drill pipe of the claimed design.

The base profile - forming a helical surface - is semicircular, i.e. streamlined, to reduce the torque transmitted to the gearbox.

The number of helical surface generators - “activators of the helical movement of the washing fluid flow in the annulus” - is three, that is, the helical surface is “multi-start” (3) p.148.

Generators - “activators ...” are intended to transmit the rotational energy of the pipe as part of the drill string to the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus, that is, they are designed to convert (activate) the translational motion of the flow into a screw, along screw depressions 7.5. (8.5.) Formed between "activators ..." 7.4. (8.4.), On the outer surface 7.3. (8.3.) Pipes 7.1. (8.1.).

The direction of rotation of the generators - “activators ...” - right (3) p.148. The angle of elevation forming the helical surface - "activators ..." alpha - d ~ 60 °. The cumulative step of the three forming the helical surface - “activators” (one turn of the pipe) ~ 1000 mm (~ 1 m) (4) p.50.

The area of the support of each of the three “screw support belts” (pos. 7.8), in the step (~ 1 m) interval: 13 cm ² (3.6 cm × 3.6 cm), see also pos. 9.16. Fig.9.

The total area of the support of the three screw support belts "(pos.7.8.) In the step interval of the helical surface (~ 1 m): 39 cm ² (13 cm ² × 3).

The specific pressure on the abutment surface is on the lower wall (pos. 7.10. (8.10) of the wellbore, provided by the pipe 7.1. (8.1), in the step interval of 1 m of the helical surface: 0.6 kg / cm ² (23.7 kg: 39 cm ² (see also table 1, column 7).

The layout of the drilling tool is carried out according to the principle: throughout the entire horizontal and inclined ~ over 45 ° (... deviation of the axis of the barrel from the vertical ...) of the sections of the wellbore are assembled from drill pipes of the claimed design (Figs. 7, 8, Table 1), with an outer diameter of 89 mm (88.9 mm), for example.

Simulated layout: a bit with a diameter of 149, 2 MSZ - GAU + drill pipes of the claimed design, with an outer diameter of 88.9 mm. For the length of horizontal (and inclined ~ over 45 °) sections of the wellbore ....

Other parameters, for example:

- parameters of the drilling mud: Y = 1.06 g / cm ^3, T = 25, B = 3 cm ^3/30 min;

- load on the bit: 5-6 tons, the rotor speed - 120 rpm;

- flow rate: 16-18 m / s, pressure on the riser: 60-70 atm;

- torque during rotation - equal; the layout was lifted without puffs;

- etc., depending on the technical and technological conditions of the well being developed (horizontal sections of the wellbore).

2.6.3. The list of graphic images to explain the claimed "Method ... and pipes for its implementation."

For clarity and a better presentation of the implementation of the proposed "Method ...", by means of the claimed pipe, the author modeled its design in two planes:

Fig.7 is a General view of the pipe in the "working position", that is, embedded in the drill string, on a horizontal section of the wellbore, with the image of the helical surface (with the right direction), its components - three "screw movement activators ..." (pos. 7.4.).

On Fig - section GG in Fig.7, in a vertical plane, an image is given of one of the approximate (Table 1) size range of drill pipes of the claimed design, with an outer diameter of 89 mm., In a scale of 1: 1. In addition, in order to eliminate inaccuracies in the interpretation of both the features of the claims and its essence in general, the author presents elements of a graphic image, data in a “general view” - in Fig. 7, simultaneously duplicated by the same positions, shown more clearly, in a scale of 1: 1, in another, a vertical plane, in FIG. In this case, it is possible to clearly depict individual positions, for example, the elements of profiles, only in any one plane of Fig. 7 or Fig. 8.

Figure 9 is a graphical depiction of a fragment of a scan of the claimed pipe 9.1. with the image of also expanded fragments of its three “screw support belts” pos.9.8. (7.8.) With supporting profiles 8.9., Combined (equal) with the bottom wall (with its radius) 7.10. (8.10) of the horizontal section of the wellbore), conventionally depicted in the form of a longitudinal, parallel to the axis of the wellbore, support surface (pos. 9.11.): The conditional width is taken equal to the width of the support profile (pos. 8.9. In Fig. 8) of the pipe, with the outer with a diameter of 89 mm, shown on a 1: 1 scale in Fig. 8) and intersecting it (pos. 9.11.) with the rotation of the pipe 7.1., at an elevation angle d ~ 60 ° of the screw surface - its three generators (pos. 8.4. (7.4 .), (not shown in FIG. 9).

The intersection area is 9.16. bearing surface 9.11. bottom wall 7.10. (8.10.) The wellbore and each of the three “screw support belts” 9.8. (7.8.) According to their three supporting profiles 8.9., Respectively, will correspond, as is clearly shown in Fig. 9, for a pipe with an outer diameter of 89 mm (see Fig. 8, as well as Table 1) to the figure - a parallelogram with sides 3.6 cm, i.e. rhombus, characterizing, in fact, the supporting surface of each of the three "screw support belts pos.9.8. (7.8.).

Then if each of the three "screw support belts" 7.8. (9.8.) Is located at an angle of 120 ° along the outer surface of the pipe (see Fig. 8) with an external diameter equal to 89 mm, then the linear spacing of the arrangement of “screw support belts” is 7.8. (9.8.) Along its outer surface 7.3. (8.3.) Will be: ~ 90 mm (PD: 3 = (3.14 × 89: 3).

That is, the linear spacing of the arrangement of “screw support belts” 7.8. (9.8.) Of each pipe 7.1. (9.1.) Is ~ the diameter (in mm) of this pipe.

In this case, we consider the dynamics of interaction of each of the three “screw support belts” 9.8. - with a supporting surface (conditionally) 9.11. bottom wall 7.10. (8.10) a horizontal section of the wellbore.

Pipe 9.1. (8.1.) During rotation rests on the lower wall 7.10. (8.10) the wellbore in three sections (pos. 9.16. See Fig. 9) of the intersection of the support profile 8.9. each of the three "screw support belts" 9.8. - with a supporting surface of 9.11 (conditional border in dashed lines).

Therefore, during rotation (in Fig. 9: when moving the pipe 9.1. - in the direction to the right), in a cycle of one revolution, that is, in a step cycle, from the beginning of the cycle (conditionally: from top to down) - three sections (pos. 9.16., see figure 9) the intersection of the support profile 8.9. (not visible in FIG. 9) of the support belt 9.8. (7.8.) With a supporting surface 9.11. will “move” (conditionally) in the direction of the arrow, along the symmetry axis of the pipe 9.1., until the end of the step cycle (~ 1 m) - the next position 9.16., overcoming the friction - sliding force, with a multiple factor, due to the strengthening of the support profile zone (pos. .8.17). With a pipe length of 9.1. (7.1.) ~ 9 m., In parallel, eight step cycles work cyclically (see Fig. 7).

Therefore, to ensure a longer service life of the pipe 9.1. (8.1.), Zones (pos.8.17.) Of support profiles 8.9. (not visible in FIG. 9) three “screw support belts” 9.8. harden by means of special heat treatment (conditional boundary of the hardened zone (pos.8.17): from the actual bearing surface (pos.8.9.) ~ to the level of the outer diameter of the drill joint (pos.8.13.), in dashed lines, in Fig.8), for example, in induction heating installations, by means of high-frequency currents, followed by cooling in special environments, etc.

For the necessity of penetrating formations represented by hard rocks or sandstones, for example, a “hardened zone (pos. 8.1.) Support profile” is created by using special coatings, or, for example, by abrasion-resistant hard alloy.

2.6.4. Description of the work of the drill pipe in the implementation of the method.

Pipes 7.1. (8.1.) By means of drill joints 7.13. and 7.15. over the interlocks, they are embedded in the drill string, throughout all, mainly horizontal (and inclined) sections of the wellbore.

According to the conditions of horizontal drilling, the section of the drill string from pipes 7.1. (8.1.), Under gravity (23, 7 kg. - on the “step” interval ~ 1 m) it rests on the bottom wall 7.10 (8.10.) Of the wellbore, along supporting profiles 8.9. (not visible in FIG. 7) three corresponding “screw support belts” 9.8. (Fig. 8 is not visible).

As established empirically (see Fig. 9), as well as from calculations (see section 2.6.2. Descriptions) of the shape and intersection area of three conditional supporting surfaces 9.16. horizontal section of the wellbore, on its bottom wall 7.10. (8.10) - with supporting profiles 8.9. (see also Table 1), pipe 7.1. (8.1.) With an external diameter of, for example, 89 mm, exerts a specific pressure of 0.6 kg / cm ² , in a step interval of ~ 1 m, with a total of three supporting surfaces 9.16. on the supporting surface (conditionally, in dashed lines) pos.9.11. bottom wall 7.10. (8.10) the wellbore, mainly its horizontal section.

Such an insignificant value of specific pressure is achieved due to the uniform distribution of the “step-by-step” weight (23, 7 kg.) Of the pipe 7.1. (8.1.) Over the entire surface of each support profile 8.9., Each of the corresponding three "screw support belts" 9.8. This prevents them from being pressed into the surface of the lower wall 7.10. (8.10) the borehole and its destruction, if the drilled strata are represented by soft rocks.

Thereby, not only a solution to the technical problem is achieved, but also the technical result: “effective and reliable drilling of horizontal sections of the wellbore”, including in formations represented by soft rocks.

On the horizontal (inclined) section of the wellbore (Fig.7) pipe 7.1. (8.1.) As part of the drill string rotates to the right, (along the radial arrows), with an axial load Q on the bit (along the arrow in the axial direction).

Moreover, through three “activators 7.4. (8.4.) Screw movement "pipe 7.1. (8.1.) Drives (activates) the upward flow of flushing fluid 7.6. (8.6.), By directing it along the lines formed between the “activators ...” 7.4. (8.4.) Screw hollows 7.5. (8.5.), Along the trajectory - along spiral arrows.

It is the spiral-shaped embodiment (arrangement) of the helical surface that forms the three “activators” 7.4. (8.4.) Through the body 7.2. (8.2.) Pipes 7.1. (8.1.), That is, the location at a certain angle - alpha (see Fig. 9: d ~ 60 °) - to the pipe axis 7.1. 8.1.), The energy vector of its rotation is directed exactly at an angle - alpha (d) to the axis of the pipe, that is, along the screw surface of the pipe - along the helical depressions 7.6. (8.6.), See Figs. 7, 8, along spiral arrows (pos. 7.6., 8.6.).

If in known cleaning methods (see above, in section 2.1. Of the description of the “Existing Situation of the Problem”), the pressure of the wash liquid flow is 7.6. (8.6) in the annulus, from the side of the lower wall 7.10. (8.10.) The wellbore is absent, which leads to the loss of sludge during the drilling process (see Figs. 1, 3, 4) and clogging of the horizontal section of the well, that is, poor-quality and inefficient cleaning.

That according to the claimed "Method of cleaning ..." the claimed pipe design for the implementation of the "Method ..." throughout the entire horizontal section of the wellbore never contacts (Fig.7 pos.7.8.) With its outer surface 7.3. (8.3.) With the bottom wall 7.10. (8.10.) The wellbore. Flushing fluid flow 7.6. (8.6) throughout the annular space of the drill string of a horizontal section of the wellbore (see Fig. 7: shown by spiral arrows - pos.7.6.) Washes the annular space, circulating in it along the screw hollows 7.5 (8.5.).

Moreover, as can be seen in Fig. 8, with the passage of the flow of flushing fluid 8.6. in the annulus, from its upper zone to the lower (see Fig. 8 pos.8.6, right arrow), the annular annular space narrows to a radius of 8.7. “Activator” ... 8.4., I.e. from the surface of the bottom wall 8.10. (7.10.) - to the outer surface 8.3. (7.3.) Pipes 8.1. (7.1.), I.e. more than 3 times.

In such objectively created conditions of horizontal drilling, in the lower zone of the annulus (pos. 8.10.) In the case of circulating along helical depressions 8.5. flushing fluid flow 8.6. the pressure increases accordingly.

As a result of the impact of the energy of rotation of the pipe 8.1. (7.1.) Through the “screw motion activators” ... 8.4. (7.4.), There is an increase in the energy of the activated flow of washing liquid (in Fig. 8, on the right, pos. 8.6.). That is, its flow rate increases (pos. 8.6), which characterizes the action of the centrifugal force of the wash fluid flow 8.6. in the annulus, providing a state of its constant dynamics, necessary and sufficient to ensure the prevention of sludge loss, its subsequent deposition, etc. That is, high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore is achieved when drilling its horizontal sections and, as a result, the technical result is achieved : reliable and efficient drilling of horizontal sections of the wellbore.

2.6.5. Explanation of the rotation path of the drill pipe

In this case, the pipe 7.1. (8.1.) As part of the entire column of the horizontal (inclined) section of the wellbore rotates along a complex path.

The trajectory of rotation of the pipe is determined not by the axis of its rotation itself, but by the surface of its support - the lower wall 7.10. (8.10.) Horizontal (inclined) section of the wellbore. Therefore, the support profile 8.9. (not visible in the plane of FIG. 7) of the "screw support belt" 7.8. (not visible in the plane of FIG. 8), overcoming the sliding friction force along the bottom wall 8.10, under the influence of the pipe gravity 7.1. (8.1.), As it were, “copying” the surface of the lower wall 8.10 (7.10) of the wellbore and takes the form of its (wall) radius, to the extent of matching rubbing surfaces 8.9. and 8.10.

This form - by “rubbing”, to the degree of alignment of the radial surfaces, also performs another function: if large fractions of cuttings get into the sludge, they will (potentially) accumulate on the bottom wall 7.10. (8.10) the borehole.

Similar “clogging” of the (potentially) sector of the lower wall 8.10. (7.10.) The horizontal section of the wellbore is also eliminated at the level of its prevention.

Supply of an external surface 7.3. (8.3.) Drill pipe 7.1. (8.1.) By three activators 7.4. (8.4.) In the form of semicircular profiles, at the apex made in the form, respectively, of “three screw support belts 7.8. (in the plane of Fig. 8 is not visible), with its supporting profiles 8.9. “Tightly” are combined with the surface of the bottom wall 8.10 (7.10) of the wellbore, mechanically moving the precipitated large fractions of the cuttings. During further rotation of the drill pipe 7.1. (8.1.), Along the helical depressions 7.5. (8.5.) Fractions are carried out by the activated helical movement of the flow of washing liquid 7.6. (8.6.) To the upper part of the annulus, for the next cycle (revolution, step) of the pipe screw surface 7.1. (8.1.). And so on, as the pipe rotates 7.1. (8.1.), That is, repeating cycles, before removal as part of the wash fluid stream 7.5. (8.5.) Cuttings (sludge), including coarse fractions, outward.

2.7. The technical result.

For the group of claimed inventions, as a result of studying the existing situation of the problem by topics, the author identified and formulated technical tasks for each of the topics, the solution of which causally determined and substantiated the receipt of the corresponding technical result.

2.7.1. According to the "Method of cleaning the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections."

The technical problem “to develop a method for high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections”, which exceeds the world level of technology, has been solved.

A new “Method ...” has been developed, which allows cleaning horizontal (and inclined) sections of the wellbore, during their drilling, at the level of preventing sludge from falling out of the wash liquid stream, that is, at the level of preventing such an unfavorable causal chain of phenomena that accompanied the process horizontal drilling:

- due to the loss of sludge, sedimentation and deposition of its particles along the drill pipe string on the bottom wall of the wellbore, the contact and friction line (see figure 2, item 2.1.) develops, respectively, into the contact area (see figure 3 , item 3.1., figure 4, item 4.1.) and friction;

- Torque and axial load transmitted to the tool (chisel) are multiplied;

- accordingly, energy costs per unit length of a well sinking are multiplied;

- to eliminate sticking, “danger” of the possibility of rupture and loss of the drill string, the need for periodic cleaning of horizontal (and inclined) sections of the wellbore, that is, the periodic cessation of well drilling;

- as a result of all the negative, reliability and efficiency of drilling are reduced: the time for surveying is being increased, the cost of the final product, for example, oil and gas, is increasing, and their competitiveness on the world market is decreasing.

The solution of the technical problem of developing a “Method for high-quality and effective cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections” made it possible to eliminate the above list - a causal chain of negative phenomena accompanying the process, which together reduces the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal (and inclined) sections of the wellbore.

As a result, the technical result was obtained: improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal (and inclined) sections of the wellbore.

2.7.2. A pipe for implementing a method of cleaning a wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections.

Section 2.3. “The choice of the prototype” by the author analyzed how possible the implementation of the “Method of cleaning ...” by using the pipe “prototype” (4) p.63-65.

The author sets the task of developing a "Method of cleaning ..." at a fundamentally different level, qualitatively superior to the world: at the level of prevention of sludge loss (its subsequent deposition, accumulation and clogging of the wellbore mouth, its horizontal section).

According to the claimed "Method of cleaning ..." it is therefore necessary to propose new functions in the process of horizontal drilling, namely:

- clean the wellbore by preventing sludge;

- why the flow (ascending) of the flushing fluid is “forced” to move along a strictly defined trajectory of the annulus by activating it along the helical surface;

- in turn, for the implementation of such a complex and fundamentally new operation in the horizontal drilling process, it is necessary:

- the use of kinetic energy of rotation of the entire drill pipe string (to ensure helical activation of sludge in the flushing fluid flow in the annulus, over the entire length of the horizontal sections of the wellbore);

- the use of the action of centrifugal force (energy) activated on the helical surface of the movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus.

The idea of the choice is that on the basis of the function of the “sticking prevention mechanism” already available only in the “prototype” in the form of “existing three flat cutouts ... (i.e. in the form of a helical surface) along the outer surface of the pipe (4) p.63- 65, to create additional functionality necessary and sufficient for the implementation of the proposed "Method of cleaning ...".

In particular, the supply of the outer surface of the pipe with three “activators of the helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus” provides the functions:

- each of the three “activators ...” performs the function of “interruption sticking mechanism”;

- the execution of the outer surface of the screw pipe provides the most optimal, that is, an effective trajectory of the sludge (as part of the flushing fluid) in the annulus;

- which, in turn, provides the most effective hydrodynamic conditions for maintaining a suspended state of sludge in the annulus, that is, the conditions for the most stable state of prevention of sludge precipitation and, as a result, provides the most effective and high-quality cleaning of the wellbore when drilling its horizontal sections.

It is obvious that the well-known “Spiral drill pipe (4) p.63-65, selected as a“ prototype ”, cannot be used to implement the claimed“ Cleaning Method ... ”due to its functional limitations.

The technical task of developing the design of the drill pipe for the implementation of the "Method for high-quality cleaning of the wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections": Expanding the functionality of the spiral drill pipe (4) p.63-65, selected for the "prototype".

As a result of solving the indicated technical problem, the technical result was achieved: improving the reliability and efficiency of drilling horizontal sections of the wellbore. "

2.7.3. The economic efficiency of the use of the claimed group of inventions ("issue price").

“Oil strata located beneath areas of land with a strongly crossed terrain (ravines, hills, mountains) are usually exposed by inclined wells” (including its horizontal sections). ” “Turbine drilling of deviated wells” (second supplemented and revised edition), NEDRA Publishing House Moscow 1965, further (7) p.6.

Increased drilling volumes lead to the need to build inclined horizontal wells on oil (gas) sections lying under the bottom of the seas, including the bottom of the Arctic Ocean, for example, the adjacent Arctic shelf, etc.

According to experts, through vertical drilling it is possible to master up to ~ 50% of the underlying layers of energy carriers: oil, gas, gas condensate, for example.

The rest ~ 50% (and according to the latest estimates - up to 70%) at various levels, formations of limited thickness (multilayer reservoirs), around already drilled vertical wells, are possible and economically feasible to develop (production growth), by horizontal drilling, including from already practiced vertical wells, at various levels, directions, through the claimed group of inventions "Method for cleaning a wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections and pipe for implementing the method."

What is the “issue price” of the development, patenting and industrial use of the claimed group of inventions at the national and international levels, in the market aspect?

At national level

Predicting (allowing) a fall in energy prices, for example, in the last period of the global recession, the implementation of the claimed group of inventions will cover (compensate) the decrease in revenue to the country’s budget, by increasing production volumes, by means of the claimed group of inventions.

Moreover, given the manufacturability and laboriousness of the pipe production process for implementing the inventive "Method ...", on the one hand, reliable and efficient horizontal drilling (including shale oil drilling), including by drilling from already worked out vertical wells, by means of the claimed group inventions, on the other hand, their serial application in the fields of the country can be expected in late 2015 - early 2016.

On the international level.

At the international forum “Open Innovations” in October - November 2012 in Moscow, the problematic topic “Recycling of production sites” was voiced at the world level. Regarding oil production, it means the reuse of already worked (vertical) wells.

That is, the topic of economic feasibility of developing the remainder of oil-bearing, for example, formations of limited thickness, by horizontal drilling from vertical wells already worked out, is also relevant in the international aspect.

Over the past period of oil production, at least the 20th century, in each producing country, a corresponding “map of the location of worked out oil production sites” has been formed. But vertical drilling manages to master, according to experts, up to ~ 30 ~ 50% of the underlying oil strata.

Therefore, for the noted period, in each oil-producing, for example, country, a kind of “map” is formed, up to ~ 50 ~ 70% of the rest of the underlying layers of energy carriers - oil, gas, gas condensate, possible and economically feasible for production:

- by inclined horizontal drilling (according to landscape conditions);

- either by horizontal drilling from already practiced vertical wells, at various levels, oil-bearing directions, for example, horizons lying one above the other.

This means that it seems economically feasible and promising:

- not only (and not so much) the actual international patenting of a group of inventions claimed for national patenting and potential intellectual property objects that can be patented (see subsection 2.8.9. descriptions);

- how much is the production of the claimed pipe design for the implementation of the proposed "Method ...", with the aim of its delivery to countries engaged in development and oil production, for example.

The very same international patenting in potentially contingent markets is necessary, as an instrument of penetration into these markets, through their patent blocking.

So, the “price of the issue” at the international level: 50-70% of the rest of the world’s reserves of at least oil deposits, including shale, of possible and economically feasible (effective) for production through the claimed group of inventions “Method ... and pipe for its implementation” .

Forecast of the author of the claimed group of inventions in terms of oil production

1. Known is a much lower (~ 4 times) efficiency (and, therefore, competitiveness) of the development and use of shale oil in Russia (according to a statement by the media from authoritative sources), on the one hand.

2. The prospect of highly efficient development of the remainder (up to 50-70%) of the underlying layers that are possible to develop, through the claimed complex of inventions, on the other hand, is determined.

findings

1. The feasibility of developing shale oil not only in Russia (Western Siberia, for example), but also mainly for the rest of the world's producing countries (OPEC, for example) can be delayed for the period of development of the remainder of the deposits of traditional oil, including shelf oil, which can be highly developed, taking into account the opened prospects (according to clause 2 of the forecast).

2.8. Another technical result.

2.8.1. The controllability of the process of cleaning horizontal (and inclined) sections of the wellbore and, therefore, the process of its drilling.

As a result of research on the claimed group of inventions, the cause of horizontal drilling problems was established and became obvious: a mistake made by the developer almost a century ago in assessing the state of the art, namely, in explaining the causes of "non-adherence" of weighted and spiral drill pipes (for details, see sections: 1.1. , 1.2., 2.6. Descriptions) used successfully in vertical and inclined drilling.

The peculiarity of the problem is that the error in assessing the state of the art concerns vertical drilling only in the theoretical aspect (and therefore has gone unnoticed for a century), it has become necessary to implement it horizontally, that is, it has begun to touch in the practical aspect.

Unlike vertical drilling at the current level of horizontal drilling technology, the pipe in the drill string “has enough energy” to crush the hardest rock in the bottom zone. But neither technical solutions, and therefore, “no energy,” were continued in order to organize its high-quality and effective (horizontal section of the wellbore) cleaning of cuttings — sludge — precisely during drilling.

The claimed group of inventions solves the problem at the "ideal" technical and technological level, by preventing the loss of sludge, according to the following schematic principle:

In the space of horizontal (inclined) sections of the wellbore, the kinetic energy of rotation of the drill pipe string converted the fluid dynamics of the cuttings (as part of the flushing fluid flow), from the translational flow to screw circulation in the annulus, where the generated centrifugal force overcomes the gravity that characterizes the loss of cuttings, and cyclically provides its removal.

Another example of the controllability of the cleaning process: in the event of termination (or the need to stop) the operation of the pumps to supply the flow of flushing fluid and the need to keep the sludge in the composition of the solution is ensured by rotating the drill pipe string at the required speed, through their screw surface, in the form of at least three activators of helical movement ... ".

2.8.2. Expanding drill pipe functionality.

To implement the "Method ..." a drill pipe design with advanced functionality has been developed:

- ... on the basis of the functions of the “sticking prevention mechanism” available for the “prototype” (see section 2.1.2 for details. “Uncoiled ... spiral drill pipes ...) in the form of three flat cutouts ... along the outer surface of the pipe” (4) p.63- 65, created additional functionality necessary and sufficient for the implementation of the proposed "Method ...".

Drill pipes of the claimed design, in comparison with standard (smooth) pipes, are much more protected from axial overload, since their screw surface also performs the functions of stiffeners, (in the form of three “activators of screw movement of the flushing fluid flow ...”).

And, therefore, they can increase, in addition, the mechanical penetration rate of horizontal (inclined) sections of the wellbore.

2.8.3. Effective application for vertical drilling.

Considering that there are practically no direct wells, then in the places of bending of the wellbore, the column is partially seized (jammed). The screw surface of the pipe created by the state jamming the friction forces is “used” as a mechanism for creating an additional axial load, by converting the rotational movement of the pipe (drill pipe string) into translational motion, through the interaction of the pipe helical surface with bending sections.

This "effect is comparable to the function of a weighted drill pipe."

But the range of functions of the helical surface of the claimed drill pipe is much wider, it is universal: it works in opposite directions, moreover, both in vertical and horizontal (inclined) drilling.

It was established that the spiral drill pipe (4), p. 63-65, chosen as a “prototype”, was developed as having the function of resistance against sticking during vertical, mainly deep drilling, including wells with a large inclination.

Based on the presence of the marked function of the claimed pipe design, it can be argued about the expansion of its functionality, that is, it can be argued about the effective use of the claimed pipe design in vertical drilling.

Given the more favorable conditions for vertical drilling, the value of the "hardened zone" of the "screw support belt" (see Table 1, column 3) relative to the diameter of the outer pipe (D drug. Tr.) Should be minimal, that is, in the range of 0.01 -0.03 D nar. Tr .. "Mechanism" of prevention of sticking in this case works the same way, at a qualitative level.

2.8.4. Efficiency and competitiveness.

Given that in addition to all the advantages, the production of the claimed pipe design (in a single cycle of the drawing technology, see paragraph 2 of the formula: "... technologically made integral with its body ..."), in comparison with the well-known "prototype" - "spiral drill pipe" , much less laborious, less metal intensive and, therefore, more efficient and competitive. It easily displaces its modern analogues in the field of inclined horizontal drilling from the relevant market segments.

2.8.5. High performance.

In addition, the sliding friction coefficient of the “hardened zone” of the support profile — with the contact surface of the borehole walls — is many times reduced: there is no interpenetration and interlocking of two rubbing surfaces (with the presence of an abrasive). As a result, it decreases by a multiple:

- torque transmitted to the rotor;

- losses on axial loads, providing the necessary axial load on the bit;

- energy costs, while increasing the productivity (speed) of penetration, both in vertical and horizontal drilling.

It is known that standard drill pipes with an outer diameter of ~ half the diameter of the corresponding bit, that is, the corresponding diameter of the wellbore. Therefore, in the case of penetration of formations represented by soft rocks, the pipe as a part of the drill string under weight, especially in the pipe connection sectors - in the lock sectors, is pressed into the thickness of the wall of the castle, into the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore, destroying it with each link (lock) and the rotation of the column, additionally clogging and clogging the wellbore, accelerating and enhancing the negative effect - “sticking”, for example.

The outer diameter of the “helical activators…” forming a helical surface ... in cross section in the form of semicircular profiles ”is less than the outer diameter of the corresponding pipe, in the range from ~ 2x to ~ 3.5 times (see Table 1, columns 1, 4) , and compared with the diameter of the corresponding well, respectively: from ~ 4x to ~ 7 times.

However, during the operation of the claimed pipe design, such a negative effect is excluded. The entire size range of drill pipes: "... at the apex is made in the form of a" screw support belt "..., each of the pipes rests on the lower wall of the horizontal section of the wellbore with its support profile, which is aligned (that is, equal) with the supporting surface of the lower wall of the wellbore.

2.8.6. Increased drill pipe and lock life

- The drill pipe is equipped with a “hardened zone (pos.8.17.) Of the support profile (pos.8.9.):

- as heat treatment and (or), for example, by spraying, reinforcing;

- and, for example, a coating of a durable, wear-resistant material;

- and equipping hard alloys, for example, etc.

Thus, the possibility of hardening the "zone (pos. 8.1.) Of the support profile", on the one hand, and the possibility of its repeated restoration, on the other hand, can increase the life of the drill pipe of the claimed design many times, that is, up to 250-300% or more , in comparison with the well-known standard (smooth) drill pipe.

And since more intensive wear occurs along the larger diameter of the tool joints, the effect obtained is a multiple increase in the service life, which is more typical of drill joints themselves.

2.8.7. Drill pipe with work tool functions.

In the inventive drill pipe, the design is fundamentally new:

- it is equipped with the functions of a working tool, where the pipe body itself and the outer cylindrical surface are equipped with:

- at least three “activators of helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid ...”, performing the functions:

- the “mechanism” of sticking prevention (see section 2.1.2. Descriptions);

- the "mechanism" for preventing the loss of sludge, that is, the function of the drill pipe to implement the inventive "Method of cleaning the wellbore ...".

2.8.8. Resistance to torpedoing.

Three "activators ..." made "... technologically, at the same time as the pipe body ...", are an additional structural element of effective axial pressure amplification, without increasing the actual thickness of the pipe walls. That is, as a result of an increase in the “threshold” of resistance to torpedoing of the claimed design, the pipe will allow drilling of wells at a higher mechanical speed, especially during horizontal drilling.

2.8.9. The predicted need for dynamics of the prior art caused by the implementation of the claimed group of inventions.

At the stage of engineering and serial development of the claimed group of inventions, the cause and effect "ripen" the need for development at the appropriate level, that is, at the global level - at the level of inventions, utility models, industrial designs:

- means of production of the inventive design of the drill pipe, including:

- equipment, tooling, tools;

- methods of manufacturing a size range of the inventive drill pipe design;

- new materials (steels, for example);

- production of mobile and stationary installations for the restoration of drill pipes, etc .;

- the need to develop new, relevant technical standards for the production and operation of a new level of drill pipe for the implementation of the proposed "Method ...".

Calculation - the rationale for the implementation of the technical parameters of the pipe.

The data in columns 1, 2, 3, 5 correspond to:

pipes - these ANI standards (see (4), p. 59 Table 16;

for locks - data of the ANI standard (see (4), p. 61 Table 18.

, $$RP.P.\mathrm{but}=\frac{(Dn.b.s-Dn.tR.)}{2}+(0.1-0.04Dn.tR.)$$

,

Where

Rp.p.a is the radius of the semicircular profile of the "activator ...", in mm;

Dn.b.z - the diameter of the outer drill lock, according to the standards of ANI, in mm;

Dn.tr - outer pipe diameter, according to ANI standards, in mm;

0,1-0,04 Dn.tr - the range of the ratio of the zone of the reference profile of the "screw support belt" of the activator of the screw movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus "to the outer diameter of the corresponding pipe for the implementation of the" Method ... ", in mm.

The direction of forming the helical surface - “activators of the helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid ...” - right.

Dr. Nar pipes in mm Lock type Dr. Nar Lock in mm Rp.a. "Activator ..." in mm Weight of 1 m pipe with couplings, according to the standard in kg Weight 1 m. Pipes with couplings, of the claimed design: (g 5 × 20%) in kg The specific pressure of the pipe claimed on the wall of the well in kg / cm ² The ratio of the angular sectors (Fig): pos.8.11. pos. 8.12. Reference profile zone range ~ from D. nar. tr one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 60 3H 80 16,0 9.9 12.0 0.54 0.30 0.10 73 3H 95 17.5 15,5 18.6 0.47 0.39 0.09 89 3H 108 16.5 19.8 23.7 0.60 0.42 0.08 114 3H 140 20,0 24.7 29.6 0.58 0.35 0,07 114 3Sh 141 20,0 29.8 35.7 0.70 0.35 0,07 140 3H 172 24.0 32.6 39.1 0.56 0.35 0.05 140 3Sh 175 24.5 36.7 44.0 0.63 0.35 0.05 168 3H 197 23.0 37.5 45.0 0.53 0.43 0.04

Literature

1. Philosophical Encyclopedia. Editor-in-chief F.V. Konstantinov. Volume 4 "The Science of Logic - CITIES", publishing house "Soviet Encyclopedia", 1967.

2. “Big Encyclopedic Dictionary” / Editor-in-chief A.M. Prokhorov. - Soviet Encyclopedia, 1991, volume 1, 2.

3. Brief Polytechnical Dictionary / Editor-in-Chief Yu.A. Stepanov. State publishing house of technical and theoretical literature, Moscow, 1955.

4. Drilling equipment and technology abroad. N.N. Kalmykov, Yu.A. Stefanov, A.I. Yakovlev. Moscow, Publishing House "Nedra", 1968.

5. VAM DRILLING company flyers, under the trademark HYDROCLEANTM p.56-78.

6. Home page / Technopark offers / inventions / virtual exhibition vibrating devices for horizontal drilling / "Method for cleaning a well when drilling its horizontal sections". Project leader: Panfilov G.A., Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor of the Tyumen State Oil and Gas University tel .: (3452) 25-97-70, e-mail panfilov@tsogu.ru 12/9/2008) p. 1-5 ("prototype").

7. A.S. Bronzov, Yu.S. Vasiliev, G.A. Shetler. Turbine drilling of deviated wells (second supplemented and revised edition). Moscow, Nedra Publishing House, 1965

8. Rules for the preparation, filing and consideration of applications for the grant of a patent for an invention, Moscow, JSC INITS "PATENT" 2006

Claims (2)

1. A method of cleaning a wellbore while drilling its horizontal sections, including the drilling process, the movement of flushing fluid in the annulus and the removal of particles of sludge into the upper section of the annular space, characterized in that the wellbore is cleaned by preventing sludge, for which during the drilling process, the movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus is created by synchronous "activation of its screw movement" by means of the influence of the rotation energy of the pipe on the flow flushing fluid, through at least three activators of screw movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus, while the vector of the impact of the rotational energy of the pipe on the flow of flushing fluid corresponds to the angle of elevation of the helical lines of at least three "activators of the spiral motion of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus "Technologically performed integrally with its body, in the form of semicircular shapes arranged at equal angular intervals along its outer surface, in the cross section ofilia, each of which at the apex is made in the form of a “screw support belt”, with a support profile that is compatible with the profile of the lower wall of the horizontal sections of the wellbore, and the prevention of sludge loss is carried out simultaneously with the removal of sludge particles by cyclic, that is, clockwise, screw movement to the upper section of the annulus by the action of the centrifugal force of the “activated helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus”. 2. A pipe for implementing the method, including the body of the pipe, the screw and the outer surface of the pipe, drill joints, characterized in that the outer surface of the pipe is made screw by supplying it with at least three “activators of the helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus”, technologically accomplished integrally with its body, in the form of semicircular profiles arranged at equal angular intervals along its outer surface, in cross section, each of which at the apex is made in the form "Screw support belt", with a support profile that is compatible with the profile of the lower wall of the horizontal sections of the wellbore, while the radius of the semicircular profile of the "activator of the screw movement of the wash fluid flow in the annulus" of the corresponding pipe is determined by the formula:
$$R_{P.P.\mathrm{BUT}}=\frac{(Dn.b.s-Dn.tR.)}{2}+(0.1-0.04Dn.tR.)$$

,
Where
R _PPA - the value of the radius of the semicircular profile of the “activator of the helical movement of the flow of washing fluid in the annulus” of the corresponding pipe;
Days - the diameter of the outer drill joint of the corresponding pipe for implementing the method;
Days - the outer diameter of the corresponding pipe for implementing the method;
0.1-0.04 days - the range of the ratio of the zone of the reference profile of the "screw support belt" of the activator of the helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus "to the outer diameter of the corresponding pipe for implementing the method,
and the angular sector of the support profile of the "screw support belt" is made in the ratio, in the range of 0.30-0.45 to the angular sector, in the cross section in the form of a semicircular profile of the "activator of the helical movement of the flow of flushing fluid in the annulus".

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