RU2577657C1 - Kochetov test bench for simulation of emergency situation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: security system.

SUBSTANCE: explosion initiator is installed in model of explosive object installed on stands in test box. Protective cover and tray represent single closed structure formed around model of explosive object. Protective cover is multilayered and consists of facing inside to model of aluminium, rubber and percale layers. Explosion-proof element is installed above hole in upper part of model and consists of a metal armored frame with armored metal plating and lead filler. In upper part of model at hole, symmetrically relative to its axis, four bearing rods telescopically fitted in fixed branch pipes-support, which are fixed in panel of explosion-proof element. To ends of support elastic rods of explosion-proof element with-stops is attached damping element designed for damping of impact loads panel on sheets. Damping element is secured opposite panel is directed in its side and represents a solid body with inner cavity and surface equidistant surfaces of panel. Internal cavity thereof is filled with disperse system of air-lead, and lead is made in form of ball-shaped crumbs. Model is fitted with transport and suspended systems.

EFFECT: high efficiency of process equipment protection and human resources from emergencies by possibility of predicting development of emergency during accident on explosive object.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to security systems that prevent the development of an emergency.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is the emergency safety device according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 120569, А62С 35/00 dated 03/20/12 (prototype), containing a system of elements installed in the danger zone of the protected object, which must be transferred from the usual emergency operation as a result of the danger of an emergency.

A disadvantage of the known solution is the relatively low information content for the control system for deciding on the introduction of an emergency mode of operation of the system and the inability to predict the development of an emergency.

A technically achievable result is an increase in the efficiency of protecting technological equipment and human resources from emergency situations by the ability to predict the development of an emergency in an accident at an explosive facility.

This is achieved by the fact that in an emergency modeling booth containing a model of an explosive hazardous object mounted on racks with an explosion initiator installed in it, a protective cover and a pallet, while the cover with a pallet is a single closed structure formed around a model of an explosive hazardous object, placed in a test box, while the layout is equipped with transport and suspension systems, and the protective cover is multilayer and consists of an aluminum layer facing inward to the layout, and of the rubber and percale layers, the model of an explosive object is equipped with the object studied at the stand: an explosion-proof element mounted above the hole in the upper part of the model, which consists of an armored metal frame with armored metal casing and lead filler, and in the upper part of the model, at the hole, symmetrically with respect to its axis, four support rods are fixed, telescopically inserted into fixed support pipes, embedded in the panel of the explosion-proof element, and for fixing position of the ends of the panel support rods are welded sheet-stops.

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a stand for modeling an emergency in an accident at an explosive facility, FIG. 2 is a diagram of an explosion proof element.

The stand for modeling an emergency in an accident at an explosive facility contains a model 1 of an explosive hazardous facility mounted on racks 2, with an explosion initiator 3 installed in it, a protective cover 4 and a pallet 5, while the cover with a pallet is a single closed structure formed around the layout 1 explosive facility located in the test box 6. In addition, the layout 1 is equipped with a transport 7 and suspension 8 systems, and the protective cover 4 is multilayer and consists of facing inward to the layout 1 a yuminievogo layer, and then the rubber perkalevogo layers. The suspension system 8 consists of a set of brackets and extensions placed on a protective cover, as well as the required number of anchor hooks (loops) in the ceiling, walls and floor of the test box 6. The transport system 7 is designed to remove the broken layout 1 after testing from the test box 6 with protective cover 4.

The model 1 of an explosive object is equipped with an object studied at the stand: an explosion-proof element 9 (Fig. 2) installed above the hole 10 in the upper part of the model. Explosion-proof element 9 consists of an armored metal frame 11 with armored metal casing 12 and a filler - lead. In the upper part of the layout 1, at the hole 10, four support rods 13, telescopically inserted into the fixed nozzle supports 14, embedded in the panels of the explosion-proof element 9, are sealed symmetrically relative to its axis. For fixing the limit position of the panel, sheets are welded to the ends of the support rods 13 - stops 15. In order to damp (soften) shock loads when the panel is returned, the filler is made in the form of a dispersed air-lead system, moreover, the lead is made in the form of crumbs, and the support rods 13 can be made elastic them.

Outside of the support rods 13 are resiliently damping elements 16, one end of which abuts against an armored metal sheathing 12, and the other into abutment sheets 15 located in the upper part of the support rods 13.

To fix the limit position of the explosion-proof element, damping element 16 is attached to the ends of the supporting elastic rods 13 with stop sheets 15 (Fig. 2), designed to damp the shock loads of the panel on the stop sheets 15.

The damping element 16 is attached opposite the panel and is directed towards it, i.e. towards her movement during the explosion.

The damping element 16 is made in the form of a volumetric body with an internal cavity and surfaces equidistant to the panel surfaces, while its internal cavity is filled with a dispersed air-lead system, and lead is made in the form of crumbs, spherical in shape.

The filler may be made in the form of spherical chips of one diameter; in the form of spherical crumbs of different diameters. The filler can be made in the form of crumbs of arbitrary shape of different diametric (maximum external, arbitrary shape, contour of the crumb) size.

Stand for modeling emergency works as follows.

In the test box 8 set the layout 1 of an explosive object. In the upper (ceiling) part of the layout 1, a hole 10 (aperture) is made, which is closed by an explosion-proof element 9 mounted on a loose fit on three elastic pins 13, one end of each of which is rigidly fixed in the ceiling of the layout 1, and the horizontal crossbar is fixed on the second in the form of stop sheets 15. After the initiator of the explosion 3 is triggered, an analysis of the situation is carried out, and after processing the obtained experimental data, an information database is formed on the development of an emergency in an accident at an explosive facility and They have a mathematical model that predicts the prevention of an emergency in an accident at an explosive facility.

Explosion-proof element 9 operates as follows.

In an explosion inside the layout 1, the panel of the explosion-proof element 9 rises from the action of the shock wave, and overpressure is released through the open opening 10.

During explosive upward movement of the explosion-proof element along the elastic rods 13, it encounters a damping element 16 in its path, upon interaction with which the energy of the explosion is quenched.

After the explosion and the drop in excess pressure, dropping down, the panel closes the opening 10, and harmful substances do not enter the atmosphere. The stop sheets 15 are used to fix the limit position of the panel. In order to damp (soften) shock loads when the panel is returned, the filler of the metal frame 11 is made in the form of an air-lead dispersed system, moreover, the lead is made in the form of crumbs, and the support rods 13 can be made elastic.

Using the proposed technical solution allows the prevention of explosive objects from destruction and the reduction of harmful substances into the atmosphere during an accidental explosion.

Claims (1)

An emergency modeling stand containing a model of an explosive hazardous object mounted on racks with an explosion initiator installed in it, a protective cover and a pallet, while the cover with a pallet is a single closed structure formed around a model of an explosive object placed in a test box, This model is equipped with transport and suspension systems, and the protective cover is multilayer and consists of an aluminum layer facing inward to the model, as well as rubber and percale layers, the model of the explosive object is equipped with the object studied at the stand: an explosion-proof element installed above the hole in the upper part of the layout, which consists of an armored metal frame with armored metal casing and lead filler, and in the upper part of the layout, at the hole, symmetrically about its axis , four support rods are fixed, telescopically inserted into the fixed support pipes, embedded in the panels of the explosion-proof element, and to fix the limit position of the panel to the end abutment sheets are welded on the abutment sheets, characterized in that a damping element is attached to the ends of the resilient elastic rods of the explosion-proof element with abutment sheets, designed to damp the shock loads of the panel on the abutment sheets, and the opposite panel is attached, directed to its side and made in the form volumetric body with an internal cavity and surfaces equidistant to the panel surfaces, while its internal cavity is filled with a dispersed air-lead system, and lead is made in the form of crumbs of spherical shape rmy.

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