RU2576678C1 - Cutter for rotary drilling of blast holes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a rock-breaking tool, in particular to cutters for rotary drilling. Cutter for rotary drilling comprises a body with a working head, the front and rear faces of which are reinforced with carbide blades in the shape of a triangle with shelves. Working head and carbide plate pivotally interconnected for limited rotation in a vertical plane, wherein between facing one another and the edges of the working head shelves carbide plates arranged resilient elements.

EFFECT: technical result is to increase the efficiency of the tool.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a rock cutting tool, namely to rotary cutting tools.

Known tool for the destruction of rocks, containing a housing with a working head, the front and rear faces of which are reinforced with carbide inserts of variable thickness (see ed. Sv - in USSR # 300610, class E21C 25/38, 1971).

The disadvantage of this drilling tool is its low productivity, associated with frequent cleavage of carbide inserts in contact with each other and absorbing loads acting on them from both the front and rear working faces.

Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a cutter for rotary drilling of holes, comprising a body with a working head, the front and rear faces of which are reinforced with a carbide plate in the form of a triangle with shelves (see ed. Certificate No. 588290, class. E21B 10/42, 1981).

The disadvantages of this cutter include the relatively low efficiency of its work on the destruction of rocks alternating in hardness due to the impossibility of changing the pattern of rock destruction directly during drilling.

In connection with the stated technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the cutter by automatically adjusting the angle of inclination of the carbide plates to the face plane depending on the physicomechanical properties of the drilled rocks.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the cutter for rotary drilling of holes, comprising a housing with a working head, the front and rear faces of which are reinforced with a carbide plate in the form of a triangle with shelves, according to the invention, the working head and carbide plate are pivotally interconnected with the possibility of limited rotation in vertical plane, while between facing one another the faces of the working head and the shelves of the carbide plate are elastic elements.

The achievement of the specified technical result also contributes to the fact that the elastic elements are made in the form of a tape spring or elastic sponge, and their stiffness in each cutter is different.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. Figures 1 and 5 show fragments of a general view of the incisor; in FIG. 2 - section aa in figure 1; in FIG. 3 and 4 - nodes B and C in FIG. one.

The cutter for rotary drilling comprises a housing 1 (see FIGS. 1 and 5) with a working head 2, the front and rear faces of which are reinforced with a carbide plate 5 in the form of a triangle with shelves 4 and 6. The working head 2 and carbide plate 5 are pivotally interconnected through the axis 7 with the possibility of limited rotation in the vertical plane. The carbide plate 5 is made with a protruding spherical or toroidal protrusion 3 located along the axis of its symmetry, and the working head 2 is with a mating protrusion 3 of the plate 5 by the cavity 10. Moreover, between the faces of the working head 2 facing one another and the shelves 4 and 6 of the carbide plate 5, elastic elements are placed, which are made in the form of a tape spring 8 (see FIG. 3) or an elastic, for example, foam or polyurethane, sponge 9 (see FIG. 4). Depending on the physicomechanical properties of the drilled rocks, elastic elements of the same or different stiffness can be used in one cutter.

The principle of operation of the cutter is as follows. Under the action of torque and axial load, the carbide plate 5 is embedded in the rock and destroys it. When drilling holes, the destroyed rock is carried to the surface by a cleaning agent supplied from the surface through the drill pipe string and the cutter body. When using incisors for other types of exploration, the face can be cleaned in another way. Depending on the stiffness of the elastic elements 8 and 9, the carbide plate 5 occupies a different position. When drilling through homogeneous rocks, as a rule, the same elastic elements are used, and when drilling alternating rocks, it is advisable to use elastic elements of different stiffness. In this case, due to a change in the resistance to deepening of carbide plates 5 in the rock when rocks of different hardness meet, the carbide plate 5 automatically changes the angle of inclination to the face plane, turning by a certain angle, and thereby provides the most optimal fracture pattern of alternating hardness rocks.

This embodiment of the cutter allows you to increase the efficiency of its work by automatically adjusting the angle of inclination of the carbide plates to the face plane and, as a result, reduce the energy consumption of the rock destruction process.

Claims (3)

1. The cutter for rotary drilling, comprising a housing with a working head, the front and rear faces of which are reinforced with a carbide plate in the form of a triangle with shelves, characterized in that the working head and carbide plate are pivotally interconnected with the possibility of limited rotation in the vertical plane, while between the faces of the working head facing one another and the shelves of the carbide plate there are elastic elements. 2. The cutter for rotary drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic elements are made in the form of a tape spring or elastic sponge. 3. The cutter for rotary drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that its elastic elements have different stiffness.

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