RU2576420C1 - System for ozonation waste chute in multistorey building - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to systems for ozonation of waste chute of multistorey building with ozone level control and automatic termination of its production when maximum allowable concentration is reached and can be used for disinfecting and deodorising refuse collection systems with ozone. System for ozonation of waste chute is provided with at least one sensor of ozone concentration, which is located at first floor in room of common use, adjacent to garbage, and connected by means of wire or wireless communication with control relay ozone generator.

EFFECT: higher safety of using ozone in disinfecting and deodorising chutes of multistorey building due to automatic termination of ozone in case of increase of its maximum allowable concentration.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ozonation systems of a garbage chute of a multi-storey building with ozone level control and automatic termination of its production in case of increasing the maximum permissible concentration and can be used for disinfection and deodorization of garbage collection systems by ozone.

At least once a month, the chutes of garbage chutes require cleaning and disinfection. As a means of disinfection and deodorization, ozone is widely used. This is due to the fact that atomic oxygen generated during the decomposition of ozone instantly oxidizes various smelling materials, it does not drown out other smells, but destroys the bacteria and microorganisms that are the causes of these smells.

The prior art system for disinfection and deodorization of ozone debris collection systems. The system consists of ozone generators, a central control device, means of forced uniform distribution of the received ozone throughout the garbage collection system and a remote control. An ozone generator is a device that generates an ozonizing air surface discharge of high frequency and high voltage. The central control device is a microprocessor, with which you can program the activation time and duration of operation of the generator or generators of ozone. The operator can monitor the functioning of the ozonizer in a specific garbage collection system through an equipped monitor in the operator’s room, and use the remote control to make changes or adjustments to the parameters of its activity (see patent RU 2532022, A61L11 / 00, published on October 27, 2014) . The disadvantage of this solution is the lack of automatic control over a possible increase in ozone concentration during congestion in the garbage pipe.

Closest to the claimed invention is a solution known from RU 139827 (published date. 04/27/2014, E04F 17/10), according to which the garbage chute of a multi-story building, consisting of a garbage collection shaft, funnel chute, garbage collection chamber with a garbage container, an ozone generator equipped with an air flow meter, which is installed in the upper part of the garbage mine at the outlet to the atmosphere and is connected by wire or wireless communication with the control relay of the ozone generator and / or methane concentration sensors, one of which is installed in the garbage collection chamber, the other - at the outlet of the air stream from the garbage collection mine. The disadvantage of the solution is that it does not allow for automatic cessation of ozone production in the event of an increase in the maximum permissible concentration of ozone in common areas.

At the same time, ozone is the strongest oxidizing agent, and at high concentrations it is the strongest poison. At ozone concentrations above the maximum permissible, headache, irritation of the mucous membranes, cough, dizziness, general fatigue, and cardiac activity may occur. Toxic ground-level ozone leads to the appearance or exacerbation of respiratory diseases. Ozone in the Russian Federation is assigned to the first, highest hazard class of harmful substances. Ozone Standards:

• maximum single maximum permissible concentration (MPC m.r.) in the atmospheric air of populated areas 0.16 mg / m³; • daily average maximum permissible concentration (MPC ss) in the atmospheric air of populated areas 0.03 mg / m³; • maximum permissible concentration (MPC) in the air of the working area of 0.1 mg / m³.

The standards established in Russia are the most stringent. In this regard, it is important to ensure automatic control of the concentration of ozone in the common areas and the termination of its production in case of increasing the maximum permissible concentration in the room. It is to solve this problem that the present invention is directed. The technical result when using the invention is to increase the safety of the use of ozone during disinfection and deodorization of garbage chutes of a multi-storey building by automatically stopping the supply of ozone in case of increasing its maximum permissible concentration.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the ozonation system of the garbage chute of a multi-story building, including an ozone generator, methane concentration sensors, one of which is installed in the garbage collection chamber, and the other, at the outlet of the air stream from the garbage collection mine, is equipped with at least one ozone concentration sensor according to the invention located on the ground floor of a multi-storey building in a common room adjacent to the garbage chute and connected via wired or wireless communication with the manager ozone generator relay.

The invention is illustrated by the scheme of the ozonation system of the garbage chute of a multi-story building, where:

(1) - chute funnel,

(2) - garbage collection mine (trunk);

(3) - a garbage collection chamber,

(4) garbage container,

(5) - ozone generator

(6) - lower methane concentration sensor,

(7) - upper methane concentration sensor,

(8) a tube for supplying ozone to a container,

(9) - analyzer (sensor) of ozone concentration in air,

(10) - common area.

The garbage chute includes funnels 1, equipped on each floor of the house or between floors, a garbage collection shaft (trunk) 2, a garbage collection chamber 3, a garbage collection container 4, located in the lower part of the house in an enclosed space. The garbage disposal ozonation system includes an ozone generator 5, methane concentration sensors 6 and 7, and an ozone concentration sensor in the air 9.

Ozone Generator 5 produces ozone by exposing the air to a surface discharge of high frequency and high voltage. The ozone generator 5 is equipped with a tube 8 for supplying ozone to the container 4 and a control relay (not shown). In other embodiments, the control relay may be located elsewhere. Since ozone is heavier than air, the resulting ozone moves from places with a higher concentration - from container 4 to places with a lower concentration in mine 2, and thus spreads throughout the garbage chute. Appropriate pumps can be used to evenly distribute ozone throughout the chute.

Sensors of methane concentration 6 and 7 are designed to monitor the concentration of methane in the chute. The lower sensor 6 is installed above the container 4 in the garbage collection chamber 3 and is directly connected to the ozone generator 5. The upper sensor 7 is installed at the outlet of the air stream from the garbage collection shaft 2 and is connected to the ozone generator 5 through a control relay. This arrangement of methane concentration sensors 6 and 7 is due to the fact that methane rises up the mine 2. The lower sensor 6 records the initial stages of garbage decay, and the upper sensor 7 allows you to control the decrease in the intensity of the process and, thus, provides control of ozone supply and its concentration.

Unlike the closest analogue, the system is equipped with an analyzer - an ozone concentration sensor in the air 9, which is installed in a common room 10 and is connected via wired or wireless connection to the control relay of the ozone generator 5. As the examination results show, ozone is concentrated on the lower floors, since it heavier than air. For the correct operation of the ozone concentration sensor 9, it must be installed in a common room on the ground floor in a room adjacent to the garbage chute. In the case when the ozone concentration is at the permissible limit, the ozone concentration sensor 9 automatically turns off the ozone generator 5 and the supply of ozone to the container 4 is stopped.

The system operates as follows.

Garbage, through funnels 1 installed on each floor, enters the garbage collection chamber 2 and then into the garbage collection container 3 installed in the garbage collection chamber 4. Methane concentration sensors 6 and 7 monitor the level of methane in the garbage chute and when the sensor reaches the lower threshold for technical detection , i.e. when the first signs of methane appear (approximately at a methane concentration of 40 ppm), the ozone generator 5 is turned on. Ozone is supplied through tube 8 to container 4 cyclically at a frequency of 1-3 times in 5-10 minutes. The number of cycles is repeated until the readings of the methane concentration sensor 7 are equal to zero. The number of cycles depends on the number of storeys of the building, i.e. from the volume of the mine 2, as well as from climatic conditions, as with increasing temperature, the intensity of the process of decay increases and, accordingly, the amount of methane released increases. The arrows in FIG. 1 shows the movement of ozone from the ozone generator 5 and further up the shaft 2.

At an ozone concentration of 0.09 mg / m³ (as mentioned above, the maximum permissible indoor concentration in the Russian Federation is 0.1 mg / m³), an ozone concentration sensor 9 will work, which sends a signal via wire or wireless to the control relay of the ozone generator 5 and automatically disconnects it. Ozone production ceases. With an increase in methane concentration in the chute, as reported by methane sensors 6 and 7, they will reconnect the ozone generator 5. The operation of the methane concentration sensors 6, 7 and the ozone concentration sensor 9 is synchronized and combined with the operation of the ozone generator 5, ensuring the concentration of ozone inside the garbage chamber 0.3 mg / m³ and a safe maximum allowable concentration of 0.1 mg / m³ in public places.

It is advisable to use one ozone generator 5, the capacity of which is 300 mg of ozone per hour, for ozonation of the garbage chute in a 9-12-story apartment building, while the pulse mode should be used for ozonation, i.e. after 20 minutes of generator operation, take a break for 10-20 minutes. When the number of storeys is higher than 12, two ozone generators are installed with the adjustment of the required power depending on the number of storeys. The ozone concentration sensor 9 is installed on the lower floors.

Claims (1)

A system for ozone depletion of a garbage chute of a multi-story building, including an ozone generator, methane concentration sensors, one of which is installed in the garbage chute of the garbage chute, and the other at the outlet of the air stream from the garbage chute, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one ozone concentration sensor connected via wired or wireless communication with the control relay of the ozone generator and installed on the first floor of a multi-storey building in a common room adjacent to the garbage chute.

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