RU2575251C2 - Communication methods and systems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to communication. The invention particularly discloses a communication method which includes receiving input communication signals selected from a set of communication signals, converting the input communication signals into waveforms suitable for transmission using aperiodic functions and transmitting the waveforms suitable for transmission via a communication link. Another method includes receiving waveforms suitable for transmission, which are constructed using aperiodic functions and transmitted via a communication link, and demodulating the waveforms suitable for transmission. The system includes a modulator configured to receive input communication signals selected from a set of communication signals, and converting the input communication signals into waveforms suitable for transmission using aperiodic functions, and a transmitter or transceiver configured to transmit waveforms suitable for transmission via a communication link. Another system includes a receiver or transceiver configured to receive waveforms suitable for transmission transmitted via a communication link and constructed using aperiodic functions, and a demodulator configured to demodulate the waveforms suitable for transmission.

EFFECT: improved communication quality.

53 cl, 12 dwg

Description

Cross reference to related applications

This application claims priority to provisional application US 61/475802 entitled ″ TELECOMMUNICATION SIGNALING ENHANCEMENTS BASED ON DIRECTIONAL INFORMATION POWER OPTIMIZATION, AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS ″, filed April 15, 2011, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety. Also incorporated by reference into this application is U.S. Patent Application 2011/0150048, published June 23, 2011, entitled ″ TELECOMMUNICATION SIGNALING USING NONLINEAR FUNCTIONS ″.

State of the art

The following generalized equations of the Euler formula are known from the technique:

, t означает временной параметр, a m обладает способностью изменять геометрию кривой, m=2 соответствует комплексной окружности, поскольку приведенные выше уравнения сводятся к члену e^ti формулы Эйлера. В основе известных методов обмена сигналами дальней связи, таких как метод квадратурно-амплитудной модуляции (КАМ) лежат комплексные окружности. Значения m>2 соответствуют комплексным спиралям с все убыстряющимся ростом и уменьшающейся частотой.In these generalized equations, i means an imaginary constant equal to $$\sqrt{-\mathrm{one}}$$

, t means the time parameter, am has the ability to change the geometry of the curve, m = 2 corresponds to the complex circle, since the above equations are reduced to the term e ^ti of the Euler formula. The basis of the known methods for the exchange of long-distance signals, such as the method of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) are complex circles. Values m> 2 correspond to complex spirals with an ever-increasing growth and decreasing frequency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The communication method according to one example may include receiving input communication signals selected from a set of communication signals, converting the input communication signals into waveforms suitable for transmission using non-periodic functions, and transmitting waveforms suitable for transmitting waveforms over the communication channel.

The communication method according to another example may include receiving suitable for transmitting waveforms constructed using non-periodic functions and transmitted over the communication channel, and demodulating suitable for transmitting waveforms.

According to one example, a communication system may include a modulator adapted to receive communication input signals selected from a set of communication signals, and adapted to convert communication input signals to waveforms suitable for transmission using non-periodic functions, a transmitter or a transceiver adapted to transmit waveforms suitable for transmission fluctuations in the communication channel.

According to another example, a communication system may include a receiver or a transceiver adapted to receive waveforms suitable for transmission transmitted over a communication channel and constructed using non-periodic functions, and a demodulator adapted to demodulate waveforms suitable for transmission.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Embodiments of the present invention by way of example, and not for the purpose of limitation, are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are denoted by like numerals.

In FIG. 1a, an example of a diagram of a change in the amplitude of a signal as a function of a positive timing of a signal generated in one embodiment is illustrated,

in FIG. 1b illustrates an example of a diagram of a change in the amplitude of a signal as a function of a negative timing of a signal generated in one embodiment,

in FIG. 2a, an example of a spiral diagram with a positive direction of rotation displayed in a complex plane is illustrated,

in FIG. 2b, an example of a spiral diagram with a negative direction of rotation displayed in a complex plane is illustrated,

in FIG. 3 illustrates an example diagram illustrating a circle displayed in a complex plane,

in FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a signal diagram displayed in the complex plane of a signal generated in one embodiment, which illustrates the head function of the signal in combination with the tail function to return the channel to its original state,

in FIG. 5a illustrates an example of a diagram displayed in the complex plane of a signal generated in one embodiment with a countdown in the positive direction and rotation in the positive direction,

in FIG. 5b illustrates an example of a signal diagram displayed in the complex plane of a signal generated in one embodiment with a countdown in the negative direction and rotation in the positive direction,

in FIG. 5c illustrates an example of a signal diagram displayed in the complex plane of a signal generated in one embodiment with a countdown in the positive direction and rotation in the negative direction,

in FIG. 5d illustrates an example of a signal diagram displayed in the complex plane of a signal generated in one embodiment with a countdown in the negative direction and rotation in the negative direction,

in FIG. 6 illustrates one example implementation of a communication system,

in FIG. 7 illustrates one example of a communication method.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the following detailed description, features of the present invention are disclosed with reference to the relevant figures relating to specific embodiments of the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that alternative embodiments can be created without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. In addition, well-known elements from exemplary embodiments will not be described in detail or will be omitted so as not to complicate the consideration of important details of the invention.

Used in the description, the term "example" means "serving as an example, special case or illustration." The described embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention, but serve only as an example. It is understood that the described embodiments are not necessarily to be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. In addition, the terms “embodiments of the invention”, “embodiments” or “invention” do not require that the feature, advantage or principle of action in question be included in all embodiments of the invention.

In addition, many of the embodiments described in the description are described with reference to sequences of actions performed, for example, by elements of a computing device. Specialists in the art should recognize that the various described sequences of actions can be performed by specific circuits (e.g., specialized integrated circuits (ASICs)) and / or program instructions executed by at least one processor. In addition, the described sequence of actions can be entirely embodied in a computer-readable storage medium of any form, and the execution of the sequence of actions allows the processor to perform the functions described in the invention. Thus, various features of the present invention can be embodied in a number of different forms, which in all cases are considered to be included in the scope of the claimed object. In addition, the appropriate form in the description of some embodiments may be, for example, “a computer configured to” perform some of the described actions. A periodic function is a function whose values are repeated at regular intervals or at regular intervals. Cosine and sinusoidal functions, which are periodic, are widely used in the field of long-distance communications. Although the advantage of periodic functions is simplicity, non-periodic functions are more general and diverse. This greater variety can be used in long distance communications for purposes that may include enhancing signal discrimination, which may allow for higher data rates or better noise impedance. It can also reduce interference with other signals. In Equation 1 and Equation 2, non-periodic functions are generated that can describe spirals whose amplitudes continuously increase over time. Spirals can be considered as the main components from which general non-periodic functions can be built. In Equation 1 and Equation 2, many possible varieties of waveforms can be obtained by inputting constant factors and phase shifts into Equation 2 at each of the three levels. Temporary shifts may also be possible. An example of this is the “general spiral formula":

.

.

при этом k₀ может изменяться при амплитудной модуляции, а ω₀ может изменяться при фазовой модуляции.″ The first level ″ in Equation 3 can be considered $$\left[k{}_{0}e{}^{i\omega {}_0}\right]$$

in this case, k ₀ can change with amplitude modulation, and ω ₀ can change with phase modulation.

при этом изменение k₁ может использоваться при частотной модуляции, a k₁ и ω₁ обычно могут изменяться при обращении времени. ″Обращение времени″ может означать изменение на противоположное направление прохождения кривой. В случае спиральной кривой это может означать, является ли кривая ″закрученной в спираль наружу″ (в направлении положительного отсчета времени) или ″закрученной в спираль внутрь″ (в направлении отрицательного отсчета времени). Применение обращения времени может служить для удвоения числа различимых символом, которые могут быть определены в конкретных условиях канала, и, соответственно, для повышения скорости передачи данных или увеличения шумового сопротивления. Например, обращение времени может осуществляться путем использования k₁=±1 или равнозначно ω₁=0 и ω₁=π.Кроме того, временной сдвиг может осуществляться путем использования множества значений t_0. ″ Second level ″ can be considered $$\left[k{}_{\mathrm{one}}e{}^{i\omega {}_{\mathrm{one}}}\right](t+t{}_0)$$

the change in k ₁ can be used for frequency modulation, ak ₁ and ω ₁ can usually change with time reversal. ″ Time reversal ″ can mean reversing the curve. In the case of a spiral curve, this can mean whether the curve is ″ spiraling outward ″ (in the direction of a positive countdown) or ″ spiraling inward ″ (in the direction of a negative countdown). The use of time reversal can serve to double the number distinguishable by a symbol, which can be determined in specific channel conditions, and, accordingly, to increase the data transfer rate or increase the noise resistance. For example, the time reversal can be carried out by using k ₁ = ± 1 or equivalently ω ₁ = 0 and ω ₁ = π. In addition, the time shift can be carried out by using the set of t ₀ values _.

, при этом k₂ и ω₂ могут изменяться при обращении вращения. Например, обращение вращения может осуществляться путем использования k₂=±1 или равнозначно ω₂=0 и ω₂=π. Кроме того, m может изменяться при модуляции формы колебаний. Большие значения m≥2 могут соответствовать более быстрому росту и более низкой частоте. Другие разновидности могут предусматривать значения k₂, ω₁ и ω₂, например, для альтернативного указания свойств экспоненциального роста и скорости вращения спирали. В отличие от метода КАМ реализация описанной в изобретении общей формулы спирали позволяет удваивать число возможных сигналов за счет применения обращения времени (описанного далее), а в случае двухкомпонентной передачи (описанной далее) еще раз удваивать их число за счет применения обращения вращения.″ Third level ″ may be considered $$\left[k{}_{2}e{}^{i\omega {}_2}\right](2{}^{2-m})$$

, while k ₂ and ω ₂ can change during rotation reversal. For example, rotation can be reversed by using k ₂ = ± 1 or equivalently ω ₂ = 0 and ω ₂ = π. In addition, m can change with modulation of the waveform. Larger values of m≥2 may correspond to faster growth and lower frequency. Other varieties may include k ₂ , ω _1, and ω ₂ values, for example, for alternative indications of exponential growth properties and spiral speeds. In contrast to the KAM method, the implementation of the general spiral formula described in the invention doubles the number of possible signals due to the use of time reversal (described below), and in the case of a two-component transmission (described below) doubles their number again due to the use of rotation inversion.

Additional benefits of implementing the general spiral formula used in the examples of implementation can result from improved use of available power in two ways, firstly, due to the possibility of developing a “amplitude coefficient” of the signal (peak to average amplitude ratio) in this system in order to improve noise resistance signal, and, secondly, through the use of an improved standard “overlay transmission” capable of providing an effective twofold increase in signal power. The signal amplitude coefficient in the case of a standard cosine or sine wave, measured over a full cycle, can be the square root of two. The implementation of the general spiral formula used in the embodiments to increase the amplitude coefficient can provide a higher maximum amplitude with the same average limited power, which may be useful in some cases to improve noise resistance. The implementation of the general spiral formula used in the embodiments to reduce the amplitude coefficient may be useful in some cases in which, under conditions of limiting the maximum power, a higher average power is beneficial. A standard superimposed transmission, which can be used in the QAM method, may require the addition of sine and sine waves. As a result of this addition, a superimposed wave can be obtained, the amplitude of which exceeds the amplitude of both sinusoidal and sinusoidal waves by an amount equal to the square root of two, and, accordingly, an increase in power use, which can be twofold. The implementation of the General formula of the spiral used in the examples of implementation to reduce the coefficient of amplitude, avoids the addition of sinusoidal and sinusoidal waves and, accordingly, reduces the required power by half compared with the KAM method.

Unlike the cosine and sinusoid functions used in traditional signal modulation, one of the results of implementing the general spiral formula as a modulation method in the described implementation examples is the possibility of generating highly non-periodic waveforms. In particular, the phase and amplitude of the waveforms cannot be repeated at regular intervals, as in the case of cosine and sinusoidal functions. Although a spirally modulated signal can have a well-defined frequency, its amplitude continuously changes over time. Due to this, the possibility of distinguishing between signals can increase and, accordingly, this can contribute to the improvement of noise resistance.

If, for brevity, we discard the square brackets, the general formula of the spiral (Equation 3) can be written as follows:

To clarify Equation 4, we consider special cases. If you establish that

Equation 4 reduces to

Using identity

and Euler formulas

Equation 6 can be written as the following equation:

which can be represented as two coefficients

The first coefficient describes the change in amplitude exponentially, and the second coefficient describes the circular motion in the complex plane. In combination, they describe a spiral in a complex plane.

Equation 10 can be used to study how the change in the opposite of the time parameter in the general formula of the spiral affects. If we construct a diagram of the dependence of the amplitude from Equation 10 on time for the values of ω = + 1; t ₀ = 0; 0≤t≤3, as shown in FIG. 1a, it will increase exponentially.

The time reversal can be applied to this curve by setting ω = -1. With an additional setting t ₀ = -3, the spiral begins with a high amplitude, which then decreases in a spiral inward, as shown in FIG. 1b.

In FIG. 1a, a diagram 100 of one embodiment of a signal corresponding to Equation 10 is illustrated. The amplitude of the signal is plotted along the vertical axis 102, the symbol time interval is plotted along the horizontal axis 104, and the positive direction of the timing is indicated by arrow 106.

In FIG. 1b, a diagram 110 of one embodiment of a signal corresponding to Equation 10 is illustrated. The amplitude of the signal is plotted on the vertical axis 112, the symbol time interval is plotted on the horizontal axis 114, and the negative time direction is indicated by arrow 116.

In FIG. 1a and 1b show signals that can differ in various forms of changes in their amplitude over time, regardless of the data of maximum amplitude, frequency, or phase. Distinguishing signals using the time direction may be possible when implementing the general spiral formula. In contrast, distinguishing signals using the time direction may not be possible using the QAM method, when the complex amplitude of each signal is constant over its entire length.

In addition to the time direction for the spiral, it is also possible to independently distinguish or determine the direction of rotation. This is shown in FIG. 2a and 2b.

In FIG. 2a, a diagram 200 is illustrated in the complex plane of one embodiment of a spiral with positive (counterclockwise) rotation. The diagram also shows the imaginary axis 202 and the real axis 204. The first arrow 206 indicates the positive direction of the clock, and the second arrow 208 indicates the negative direction of the clock.

In FIG. 2b, a diagram 210 is illustrated in the complex plane of one embodiment of a spiral with a negative (clockwise) rotation.

The diagram shows the imaginary axis 212 and the real axis 214. The first arrow 216 indicates the positive direction of the clock, and the second arrow 218 indicates the negative direction of the clock.

As can be seen from FIG. 2a and 2b, for spirals, the direction of timing and the direction of rotation can be independently determined. However, in the case of a circle, which is a special case of a spiral in which the amplitude does not change, the directions of rotation and timing are the same. In the case of a circle, it is impossible to distinguish a change in the direction of the rotation parameter from positive to negative from a change in the direction of the time parameter from direct to reverse. This is illustrated in FIG. 3.

In FIG. 3 illustrates a diagram 300 in the complex plane of one embodiment of a circle. The diagram shows the imaginary axis 302 and the real axis 304. The first arrow 306 indicates the positive direction of the countdown and the positive direction of rotation. The second arrow 308 indicates the negative direction of the countdown and the negative direction of rotation.

The steady differentiation of the direction of the time, provided by the general formula of the spiral, can allow the use of time reversal. By distinguishing between signals using the clock direction, both forward and backward, when implementing the general spiral formula, at least twice as many signals can be supported than when using the QAM method under the same channel conditions, which may include specific bandwidth limitations and degradation channel transmission quality, and with the same available signal power. The signals can be distinguished by determining the parameters in the general formula of the spiral with the creation of time-reversed pairs of signals by setting κ ₁ = ± 1, as described above.

As with existing digital modulation techniques, such as QAM, in combination with the helical modulation technique, techniques known in the art for “pulse shaping filtering” can be used to minimize “inter-channel interference” (ICI) between adjacent frequency ranges while simultaneously monitoring “intersymbol Interference "(ISI) between consecutive characters.

One of the additional methods for monitoring ICI and ISI may be to restore the initial state of the channel after the transmission of each symbol. This can be done by dividing the “symbol time interval” by the “head function” (which is consistent with the general formula of the spiral) and the “tail function”, which returns the channel to its original state. One example of this is illustrated in FIG. 4, which shows the shape of the symbol at m = 3. The term “symbol time interval” may mean the time interval of a transmitted waveform displaying a symbol, including the transmission time of the waveform of the “head function” and the waveform of the “tail function” (if any). The waveform of the “head function” may correspond to the usual waveform of the symbol in methods known from the art. The “tail function” can serve as a means of compensating for the inherent spiral of the amplitude change by counteracting the change in the amplitude of the head function and smoothly returning the initial amplitude of the channel to the state before the start of the symbol oscillation shape.

In FIG. 4, a diagram 400 is illustrated in the complex plane of one embodiment of a signal at m = 3. The diagram illustrates an imaginary axis 402 and a real axis 404. The signal head 406 may comprise an increasing spiral. The tail 408 of the signal may return the channel to its state before transmitting the signal.

The application of various tail functions in combination with the helical modulation method can be selected for various technical reasons. Usually, when allocating more time for the tail function, a smoother transition can be achieved with a decrease in the frequency spread associated with discontinuities. Possible tail functions that can be implemented may include, but are not limited to, linear functions, exponential attenuation, and sigmoid functions implemented by methods well known in the art. Different tail functions can be used in different signals in order to improve the distinguishability of the signals and, accordingly, increase the noise resistance.

The "amplitude coefficient" of a signal is defined as the ratio of its maximum amplitude and average (rms) amplitude. In the case of signals based on cosine or sine waves with a constant amplitude, measured over a full cycle, the amplitude coefficient always amounts to the square root of two.

Since the growth of the curves of exponential dependence all accelerates over time, signals based on the general formula of the spiral can have significantly higher amplitude coefficients than that of sine waves. As the value of m in the spiral formula increases, the amplitude coefficient can increase to an arbitrarily large value.

In cases of application under restrictions on the average use of power, for example, in satellite or mobile communications, this ability to manipulate the amplitude coefficient can be quite useful. In the case of a higher amplitude coefficient, the maximum signal amplitude can increase at the same average power and noise resistance can be improved by providing signal parameters with a significantly higher amplitude than the noise in the channel, which contributes to accurate reading. A higher amplitude coefficient may be characteristic of a convex diagram of the dependence of the amplitude on time, that is, a diagram that is curved upward.

The amplitude versus time diagram for Equation 4 is convex.

There are also possible cases in which it may be desirable to reduce the amplitude coefficient so that the average power is closer to the maximum power than in the case of sine waves. This may be useful in communication embodiments in which maximum rather than average power is limited, and in this case, with an increase in average power relative to maximum power, noise resistance can be improved. A lower amplitude factor may also be useful in cases in which it is desirable to efficiently generate noise to interfere with signal transmission, and a higher average power contributes to crosstalk with the signal to be interfered with. A lower amplitude coefficient can be obtained by various adjustments to the general spiral formula. These adjustments may include first using the convex waveforms of the symbols generated according to the general formula of the spiral, then displaying a diagram of the time dependence of the amplitude of the waveforms of each symbol along a horizontal line corresponding to half the maximum amplitude. In this case, the diagram of the dependence of the amplitude, which is "usually low", can be converted into a diagram of the dependence of the amplitude, which is "usually high". The result can be a significant approximation of the average power of the form of the oscillations of the symbols to the maximum power and thereby a decrease in the amplitude coefficient.

As described previously, the general formula of the spiral can double the number of possible symbols by reversing the time, that is, by choosing the direction in which the points of the shape of the symbol oscillate. In the case of a spiral, the “time reversal” may correspond to the choice between twisting into a spiral inward or outward. The number of possible characters can also be doubled using rotation inversion. A “rotation rotation” may correspond to a choice between rotating a spiral clockwise or counterclockwise in a complex plane. As with time reversal, additional discrimination due to rotation reversal can be used to increase the data transfer rate or to improve noise resistance.

Using both time reversal and rotation reversal, four completely different sequences of points can be generated. This is illustrated in FIG. 5a-5g.

In FIG. 5a, a diagram 500 is illustrated in the complex plane of one embodiment of a signal with a positive time direction and a positive direction of rotation. The diagram shows the imaginary axis 502 and the real axis 504. The signal head 506 may comprise an increasing spiral. The tail 508 of the signal may return the channel to its state before transmitting the signal. Arrows 510 indicate the time direction, and point 512 indicates the starting point of the signal in the complex plane.

In FIG. 5b, a diagram 520 is illustrated in the complex plane of one embodiment of a signal with a negative time direction and a positive direction of rotation. The diagram shows the imaginary axis 522 and the real axis 524. The signal head 526 may comprise a decreasing spiral. The tail 528 of the signal can bring the channel out of its state before transmitting the signal. Arrows 530 indicate the direction of the countdown, and point 532 indicates the starting point of the signal in the complex plane.

In FIG. 5c, a diagram 540 is illustrated in the complex plane of one embodiment of a signal with a positive time direction and a negative direction of rotation. The diagram shows the imaginary axis 542 and the real axis 544. The signal head 546 may contain an increasing spiral. The tail 548 of the signal can return the channel to its state before transmitting the signal. Arrows 550 indicate the time direction, and point 552 indicates the starting point of the signal in the complex plane.

In FIG. 5d, a diagram 560 is illustrated in the complex plane of one embodiment of a signal with a negative time direction and a negative direction of rotation. The diagram shows the imaginary axis 562 and the real axis 564. The signal head 566 may comprise a decreasing spiral. The tail 568 of the signal can bring the channel out of its state before transmitting the signal. Arrows 570 indicate the time direction, and point 572 indicates the starting point of the signal in the complex plane.

In FIG. 5a-5d illustrate examples of waveforms of symbols in which half of the symbol’s time interval is allocated to the head function and the other half to the tail function. This is just an example for clarity. In some cases, a shorter tail function may be used that can provide better signal discrimination. In addition, the application of the linear tail function in FIG. 5a-5g is an example and aims to provide a clear visual distinction between the head and tail functions. In some cases, a tail function can be used to provide a smoother transition, such as a sigmoid or exponential function.

As described previously, in the case of signal transmission methods that are based on a complex circle, such as CAS, time and rotation reversals are one and the same. In the absence of amplitude growth data, it is impossible to distinguish between rotation reversal and time reversal. This can be illustrated by the example of FIG. 3, where the time reversal is identical to the rotation reversal. However, rotation reversal as such can be defined on a circle.

Despite the fact that the KAM method is based on circular motion in the complex plane, it cannot use rotation inversion to increase the data transfer rate or improve noise resistance. Firstly, the signal formula used in the QAM method (hereinafter referred to as the QAM signal formula) by its nature ignores rotation data. Secondly, the rotation data is deleted during transmission with the overlay used in the QAM method. These considerations are explained below.

To compare rotation data from the general spiral formula given in Equation 4 and from the KAM signal formula, we can consider a particular case of the general spiral formula in which m = 2. It corresponds to the state of the QAM signals without amplitude growth. By comparing the properties of the amplitude and phase modulation of the QAM under the assumption that ω ₀ and κ ₀ have many values, Equation 4 can be reduced to the following form:

In this case, you can clearly distinguish the effect of treatment. As a result of a positive rotation, we obtain:

and as a result of negative rotation we get:

However, the KAM signal formula does not allow such a distinction. Based on the KAM signal formula

it is impossible to distinguish between the rotation inverse - ωt and the sign reversal of the imaginary component -Q due to the antisymmetry of the sinusoidal function

The QAM signal formula could solve this problem if negative values were forbidden for Q by reserving the rotation sign. However, in this case, the signals generated using the QAM signal formula would be more difficult to distinguish from each other (this would correspond to not using the lower half of the constellation diagram of the signals generated using the QAM signal formula) and, accordingly, would increase the frequency of occurrence of bit errors. Essentially, in the general spiral formula, a polar representation can be used to preserve rotation data, while the KAM signal formula uses a Cartesian representation with their removal.

As described earlier, in the particular case of m = 2 corresponding to a circle, there is no difference between time reversal and rotation reversal. However, for any larger m, there is a difference between the time reversal and the rotation reversal, as shown geometrically in FIG. 5a-5g.

The difference between time reversal and rotation reversal can also be studied algebraically, for example, using m = 3. The value m = 3 is a special case, since with it the cosine and sinusoidal factors in Equation 1 become equal. Nevertheless, the same general properties of the spiral are preserved for any value of m> 2.

In the following configuration

Equations 4 we obtain

And in this case, using the identities from Equation 7 and Equation 8, we obtain

In this case, the signs ± operations are indexed to emphasize that (in contrast to Equation 10) they are independent of each other, which allows four possibilities

Equations 19-22 represent four possible combinations of time reversal and rotation reversal. When considered as equations, they can be distinguished from each other. Whether the implementation of the general spiral formula supports reversal of both time and rotation, and, accordingly, four times more signals than QAM under the same channel conditions, may depend on the technical features of how the signals are transmitted.

From this follows the second reason why rotation reversal may not work in the QAM method, namely, that rotation data is deleted during superimposed transmission by the QAM method.

The term “superimposed transmission” can mean the summation of the cosine and sinusoidal components of the signal obtained by the QAM method, and the transmission of the sum. Due to the orthogonality of the cosine and sinusoidal functions, they can be separated by the receiver.

. Это означает, что каждой составляющей может потребоваться использовать меньшую амплитуду, чем в принципе допускается каналом, в результате чего повысится чувствительность к шумам.One of the advantages of overlapping can be the efficiency of using time in comparison with the transmission of individually, cosine and sinusoidal components using the time interval of the same symbol individually for each component. However, overlay has two drawbacks. First, overlay by its nature reduces throughput by one bit per character. Secondly, overlay reduces power efficiency. In fact, the sum of the overlays has a larger amplitude than any component individually by $$\sqrt{2}$$

. This means that each component may need to use a lower amplitude than is generally allowed by the channel, resulting in increased noise sensitivity.

The reduction in throughput as a result of the overlay follows from the following identity:

This identity indicates that, when superimposed, it is impossible to distinguish between an angle at which cos (t) is large and an angle at which sin (t) is small, or vice versa. The identity can be proved by transferring the standard identities to the right side of Equation 23, as shown below.

As a result of the summation of the trigonometric identities of the angles

and

we get the following right-hand side of Equation 23

which can be simplified to

. Это следует из следующего частного случая Уравнения 23:One of the conclusions of Equation 23 is that when superimposed, it is impossible to distinguish between negative rotation and phase shift $$\frac{\pi }{}$$$$\frac{}{2}$$

. This follows from the following particular case of Equation 23:

Accordingly, even if rotation data were not discarded in the QAM method by its nature, they would be lost during transmission with overlay.

A superimposed gear likewise affects the general spiral formula. However, the general formula of the helix differs from the KAM signal formula by at least two features.

First, even when transmitting with an overlay, the general formula of the spiral supports time reversal, but the KAM signal formula does not, since the overlay does not affect the amplitude change over time.

Secondly, in the implementation of the general spiral formula, rotation reversal can be used in combination with superimposed transmission, provided that in addition phase modulation is not used. In the case of QAM, phase shifts are required to generate signals, but when implementing the general formula of the spiral, no. Signals can also be generated by selecting different values for m, as described in the publication of patent application US 2011/0150048, which is incorporated by reference into this application.

Finally, overlay cannot be the only means of signal transmission.

"Two-component transmission" is also possible.

Overlapping is one example of what can be called "one-way transmission" by representing a signal (a two-dimensional signal in the case of the QAM method or the general spiral formula) as a single sequence of quantities.

"Two-component transmission" may include independent transmission of both the cosine and sinusoidal components. In addition, intrasymbol sealing may be used. In intra-symbolic compaction, the cosine and sinusoidal components can be transmitted one after another.

Two-component transmission and intrasymbol sealing can be used in combination with the general spiral formula to transmit rotationally reversed signals. Two-component transmission can be used to transmit waveforms suitable for transmission using periodic or non-periodic functions.

In addition to facilitating rotation reversal, a two-component gear may provide at least three advantages in terms of improving noise resistance.

The first advantage of a two-component transmission for improving noise resistance is that a two-component transmission can allow the receiver to sample the characters with a margin in frequency and use this oversampling to calculate the average noise in the channel. This is not possible when overlapping, since mixing real and imaginary data allows only four possible sampling points per cycle where it is known that the real or imaginary value is zero, and the remaining values can be uniquely determined.

The second advantage of two-component transmission for improving noise resistance, especially valuable for channels with non-linear properties, is that it can allow the use of the methods described in the publication of patent application US 2011/0150048, which is incorporated by reference into this application, according to which for analysis of the properties of the waveform requires a clear separation of real and imaginary data.

A third advantage of two-component transmission for improving noise resistance, discussed below, is that it can double the efficiency of signal power use.

If two-component transmission involves the transfer of each signal component individually in the same time interval in the overlay mode, the data transfer rate may be significantly reduced. However, if the sampling rate is sufficient, each component can be transmitted for half the time interval, as a result of which the overall symbol time interval remains constant. For example, one part of the signal may correspond to one symbol, and the other part of the signal may correspond to another symbol. Each component can also be transmitted over a quarter of the time interval (or smaller identical or unequal parts or parts), resulting in an increase in the data transfer rate compared to traditional modulation methods such as QAM. This can be used to ensure the transmission of two or more symbols during the time interval of the same symbol, during which the transmission of one symbol is provided by the KAM method and other similar methods.

. Это происходит следующим образом.When implementing the general spiral formula, a much more efficient method in terms of power utilization can be supported than overlay using the KAM method. As mentioned earlier, when superimposed using the KAM method, the amplitude of the component decreases by $$\frac{\mathrm{one}}{\sqrt{2}}$$

. This happens as follows.

Signal formula (superimposed) QAM

equivalent to the following formula:

и $$\frac{Q}{\sqrt{I^2+Q^2}}$$

равен единице, их можно считать синусом и косинусом одного и того же угла α. В результате получаем уравнениеSince square $$\frac{I}{\sqrt{I^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Q"\; filenames="00000050.png,00000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Q</figure-callout>}}^2}}$$

and $$\frac{Q}{\sqrt{I^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Q"\; filenames="00000050.png,00000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Q</figure-callout>}}^2}}$$

equal to unity, they can be considered the sine and cosine of the same angle α. As a result, we obtain the equation

equivalent to the equation

превышает величину любой из составляющих по отдельности.The amplitude in the signal formula (superimposed) of the QAM can exceed the amplitude of any of the components I or Q individually. The amplitude reaches its maximum at I = Q, and in this case, the value obtained by superposition $$\sqrt{2}$$

exceeds the value of any of the components individually.

максимальной амплитуды канала. Разумеется, что это уменьшение амплитуды составляющих повышает чувствительность к шуму.Since when superimposed using the KAM method, “space” must be “left” for this case, the amplitude of each component individually cannot be more than $$\frac{\mathrm{one}}{\sqrt{2}}$$

maximum channel amplitude. Of course, this decrease in the amplitude of the components increases the sensitivity to noise.

. Это непосредственно следует в случае двухкомпонентной передаче, поскольку не требуется наложение.When implementing the general spiral formula, the same data can be transmitted without this reduction by $$\frac{\mathrm{one}}{\sqrt{2}}$$

. This directly follows in the case of a two-component transmission, since overlay is not required.

This may also be true in the case of single-component transmission, since when implementing the general spiral formula, superposition is equivalent to a simple phase shift of any component. Accordingly, it is sufficient to transmit any component (optionally with a phase shift). This follows from the following overlay analysis when implementing the general spiral formula.

To facilitate comparison with the KAM signal formula, a variant of the general spiral formula is used for m = 2, which corresponds to the condition that there is no signal rise in the KAM method.

Adding the cosine and sinusoidal components to Equation 12, we obtain

. $${\mathrm{to}}_0{e}^{i{\omega }_0}(\cos (t)+\sin (t))(33)$$

.

When using trigonometric identities similar to the identities used above, this is equivalent to the following equations:

и коэффициентом масштабирования $$\sqrt{2}$$

. В результате наложения при реализации общей формулы спирали не обеспечивается новая информация по сравнению с передачей каждой составляющей по отдельности. В этом состоит отличие от обнаружения сигналов методом КАМ.Equation 36 is simply the sinusoidal component of the general formula of the spiral with a constant phase shift $$\frac{\pi }{\mathrm{four}}$$

and scaling factor $$\sqrt{2}$$

. As a result of overlapping, when implementing the general spiral formula, new information is not provided in comparison with the transfer of each component separately. This is the difference from the detection of signals by the KAM method.

The simplicity of Equation 36 is explained by the fact that the same amplitude is assigned to both components in the general spiral formula and they contain the same information. If in the KAM method the information contained in the independent weight coefficients of the amplitude is stored in the cosine and sinusoidal components, the polar representation with the general amplitude and phase is used in the general spiral formula. This information is available to each component individually.

Since the power is proportional to the square of the amplitude, when implementing the general spiral formula, the gain in amplitude, which is the square root of two, is equivalent to a twofold gain in power in comparison with the KAM method in single-component transmission.

For purposes of illustration, one example of the implementation of time reversal in a two-component transmission is considered and compared with methods known from the technique.

вокруг комплексной окружности. Эти восемь комплексных чисел могут использоваться для определения начальной фазы восьми пар косинусоидальных и синусоидальных волн на требуемой частоте передачи на протяжении одного цикла. В таком случае в известных методах применяется передача с наложением с представление каждого символа в виде суммы его косинусоидальной и синусоидальной волн. Для контроля разброса по частоте наложившихся волн и уменьшения ICI может использоваться фильтр с приподнятым косинусом (или фильтр с приподнятым косинусом квадратного корня). Приемник сигналом способен устанавливать переданный символ путем дискретизации в особых точках, позволяющих извлекать данные косинуса и синуса из наложившихся волн. В случае наложившихся данных значения косинуса могут однозначно считываться только при нулевых данных синуса и наоборот. Тем самым обеспечивается как максимум по две точки данных косинуса и синуса на цикл.It may be desirable to create a communication system supporting eight possible symbols available for transmission. In methods known from the technique, a special case of the KAM method is possible, known as ″ eight-position PSK ″ (phase shift keying), when eight characters are represented by eight complex numbers in all cases with the same amplitude and phase shift from each other by $$\frac{\pi }{\mathrm{four}}$$

around a complex circle. These eight complex numbers can be used to determine the initial phase of eight pairs of cosine and sine waves at the desired transmission frequency over a single cycle. In this case, in known methods, a superimposed transmission is applied with a representation of each symbol as the sum of its cosine and sine waves. To control the spread in frequency of the superimposed waves and reduce the ICI, a raised cosine filter (or a square root raised cosine filter) can be used. The signal receiver is able to set the transmitted symbol by sampling at specific points, allowing to extract cosine and sine data from superimposed waves. In the case of superimposed data, the cosine values can be uniquely read only with zero sine data and vice versa. This provides at most two points of cosine and sine data per cycle.

и определенным коэффициентом модуляции формы может использоваться m=2.4. Эти четыре комплексные спирали могут использоваться для генерирования четырех пар действительных и мнимых волн на требуемой частоте на протяжении половины цикла каждой из действительных и мнимых волн. Методом временного уплотнения могут быть генерированы четыре формы колебаний путем задания последовательности из действительной волны каждого символа с последующей парной ей мнимой волной, в результате чего получают комбинированную волну такой же длительности, как у наложенной формы колебаний при восьмипозиционной ФМн. Число символов может быть увеличено вдвое с четырех до восьми в соответствии с восьмипозиционной ФМн с использованием обращения времени: для каждой из четырех описанных выше комбинированных форм колебаний может быть создана новая форма колебаний путем задания последовательности, в которой за обращенной по времени действительной волной следует обращенная по времени мнимая волна. Для контроля разброс по частоте комбинированных форм колебаний может использоваться фильтр Гаусса.Instead, in one embodiment of the communication method, a set of eight communication signals mapped by eight complex spirals or eight non-periodic functions known in the art can be used. In one example of the method of communication in four complex spirals with a phase shift from each other by $$\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="\pi "\; filenames="00000050.png,00000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\pi </figure-callout>}}{2}$$

and with a certain shape modulation coefficient, m = 2.4 can be used. These four complex spirals can be used to generate four pairs of real and imaginary waves at the desired frequency for half the cycle of each of the real and imaginary waves. Four waveforms can be generated by the method of temporary compaction by setting a sequence of the real wave of each symbol followed by a pair of imaginary waves, resulting in a combined wave of the same duration as the superimposed waveform with an eight-position PSK. The number of characters can be doubled from four to eight in accordance with the eight-position PSK using time reversal: for each of the four combined waveforms described above, a new waveform can be created by setting a sequence in which the time-reversed real wave is followed by time imaginary wave. To control the frequency spread of the combined waveforms, a Gaussian filter can be used.

The signal receiver can over-sample the received real and imaginary data in order to reduce noise and detect transmitted signals using the matched filter technique known in the art.

The eight-position PSK uses a raised cosine filter, while in one of the above-described examples of the communication method, a Gaussian filter can be used. A Gaussian filter may be more advantageous than a raised cosine filter in terms of ICI, power, implementation complexity, and ISI averaged over many samples. The eight-position PSK is forced to use a filter with a raised cosine, since it minimizes ISI at the only point at which the receiver extracts signal parameters in the case of an eight-position PSK.

Since in one example of the implementation of the communication method, the real and imaginary data are uniquely separated from each other, the ability of multiple sampling at the receiver is not limited. Accordingly, in one embodiment, by oversampling at the receiver, noise can be controlled more efficiently than with an eight-position PSK using the Gaussian filter rather than the raised cosine filter.

Known signal detection using the matching filter method may be optimal for communication channels, the only distortion of which is additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). However, their effectiveness may depend on the ability to extract data from multiple points, which may be facilitated by the temporary compaction method described above. Methods for detecting signals in channels without AWGN are described in the publication of patent application US 2011/0150048, which is incorporated by reference into this application.

In FIG. 6 illustrates one example implementation of a communication system 600, which may include a modulator 610, a transmitter or a transceiver 620, a communication channel 630, a receiver or a transceiver 640, and a demodulator 650. The demodulator 650 may include a decoder 652. The modulator 610 may include an encoder 612 and a filter 614 pulse formation. From a set of communication signals, a plurality of communication input signals 60 can be obtained, converted to a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission using a modulator 610 and a plurality of functions selected from their set of non-periodic functions, and transmitted over a communication channel 630 using a transmitter or a transceiver 620.

Communication input signals may, for example, be stored in modulator 610 or received from or provided to an electronic device. Non-periodic functions may, for example, be stored in a modulator 610 or received from an electronic device.

Suitable waveforms for transmission can be received using a receiver or transceiver 640 and demodulated using a demodulator 650 to obtain a plurality of communication output signals 61. Communication output signals can, for example, be transmitted to a user or an electronic device.

The electronic device may be a computer readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device, and / or a mobile device, such as a personal digital assistant, laptop computer, or cell phone. An electronic device may, for example, store, convert, process, broadcast, receive, transmit to the user and / or otherwise manage data of communication signals, data of non-periodic functions and / or waveforms suitable for transmission. Any of these components, including a modulator 610, a transmitter or a transceiver 620, a receiver or a transceiver 640, a demodulator 650, and an electronic device, may include one or more processors and computer-readable media known to those skilled in the art.

In FIG. 7 illustrates one example implementation of a communication method 700, which may include receiving, in step 710, a plurality of communication input signals selected from a set of communication signals, transforming, in step 720, a plurality of communication input signals into a plurality of transmission waveforms created using functions, transmitting in step 730, a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission over a communication channel, receiving in a step 740 a plurality of waveforms suitable for a transmission, demodulation in step 750 of a plurality of waveforms suitable for a transmission banyi, and the transmission at step 760 of a set of communication output signals to a user or an electronic device.

At 710, a plurality of communication input signals can be obtained using a modulator and / or electronic device. Communication input signals may be selected from a set of communication signals. For example, a set of communication input signals may comprise eight communication signals. The electronic device may be a computer readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device, and / or a mobile device, such as a personal digital assistant, laptop computer, or cell phone.

At 720, a plurality of communication input signals can be converted to a plurality of transmission waveforms using a modulator. Waveforms can be created using functions, including, without limitation, Equation 3. Functions can be selected from a set of non-periodic functions. Non-periodic functions may be stored in a modulator or received from an electronic device. A set of non-periodic functions can be displayed in the set of communication signals or correspond to it. The electronic device may be a computer readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device, and / or a mobile device, such as a personal digital assistant, laptop computer, or cell phone.

The modulator may comprise an encoder for converting the plurality of communication input signals into amplitude data and a pulse shaping filter to limit the signal bandwidth. The encoder can convert many communication signals into amplitude data by (1) searching for digital amplitude data in a look-up table with indexes of symbol numbers, (2) creating an analog waveform, an equivalent sequence of symbols, using analog devices known from the technique, (3) using any another well-known coding method. The pulse shaping filter may be a Gaussian filter or any other filter known in the art.

In the lookup table, a set of non-periodic functions can be displayed in a set of communication signals. For example, the lookup table may contain a non-periodic function values {F _j (t)}. The choice of {F _j (t)} can be made taking into account the properties of the channel, such noise and the available range of amplitudes and frequencies, as well as optimization criteria. For example, {F _j (t)} can be chosen to maximize the differences between matched filters for signal detection, taking into account the limitations of the number of allowed samples, the use of power and complexity of the modulator and demodulator chips. The processor may assign each {F _j (t)} a unique numeric code, such as binary codes, matched by the transmitter or transceiver and the receiver or transceiver.

{F _j (t)} may be determined based on Equation 3. Unique numerical codes may be defined as a function of amplitude, phase, timing, frequency, direction of rotation and / or growth. For example, unique numerical codes can be determined by changing the phase (ω ₀ in Equation 4), growth (m in Equation 4), and the timing direction (κ ₁ or ω ₁ in Equation 4). Alternatively, a non-periodic waveform of any type can be used. Using unique numeric codes, a plurality of communication input signals can be converted into an equivalent sequence of non-periodic functions selected from {F _j (t)}, and a plurality of waveforms can be generated using a transmitter or a transceiver.

At 730, a plurality of transmittable waveforms can be transmitted over a communication channel using a transmitter or a transceiver. Many suitable for transmitting waveforms can be transmitted wirelessly, fiber optic cable or through any other media known from the art. The communication channel may be subject to noise, attenuation, distortion, or any other degradation in transmission quality known in the art.

A two-component gear may be used since it can facilitate the use of rotation reversal. In addition, a two-component intrasymbol time division multiplexing can be used to facilitate oversampling of signal parameters, which can be used to calculate average noise.

In addition, different portions of the waveform suitable for transmission may correspond to different symbols. Due to this, a higher data rate can be provided compared to traditional modulation methods such as QAM.

In addition, the symbol rate can be increased by reducing the two-component intrasymbol time compression of each of the real and imaginary components of the transmitted symbol amplitudes.

The power properties of the transmitted signal can be changed by manipulating the coefficient of the amplitude of the signal in order to change the properties of its power. For example, the amplitude factor can be manipulated by multiplying the sinusoidal waveform by the exponential waveform and / or by adjusting the “m” parameter in the general spiral formula.

The transition from one character to another can be smoothed out by dividing the parameters of the communication signal by the head and tail functions between the characters.

At 740, a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmitting using a receiver or transceiver can be received.

At step 750, a plurality of transmittable waveforms using a demodulator can be demodulated. The demodulator 130 may comprise a decoder 132. A plurality of transmittable waveforms may be subdivided into amplitude data intervals corresponding to each symbol.

The receiver or transceiver can sample the transmitted waveforms and determine which value of "j" was transmitted by searching the pre-computed table of values {F _j (t)}. The transmitted waveform can be decoded by the processor based on the relationship between the "j" values and unique numeric codes.

Alternatively, in the case of channels mainly containing additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), techniques known in the art can be used to use matched filters to detect signals to convert signal amplitude data to a sequence of received symbols. In the case of other quality impairments, other filtering methods may be used in addition to or instead of matched filters for signal detection. These other methods may include the methods described in the publication of patent application US 2011/0150048, which is incorporated by reference into this application.

At 760, a set of communication output signals may be transmitted to the electronic device or user. The electronic device may be a computer readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device, and / or a mobile device, such as a personal digital assistant, laptop computer, or cell phone.

In other embodiments, the electronic device may, for example, store, convert, process, transmit, receive, transmit to the user and / or otherwise manage communication signal data, non-periodic function data and / or waveforms suitable for transmission.

The above description and the accompanying drawings illustrate the principles, preferred embodiments and methods of operation of the invention. However, the invention should not be considered limited to the above particular embodiments. Specialists in the art will be able to offer additional varieties of the above embodiments.

Thus, the described embodiments are to be regarded as illustrative and not limiting. Accordingly, it should be appreciated that those skilled in the art will be able to propose varieties of these embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention according to the claims.

Claims (53)

1. The communication method, including:
receiving one or a plurality of communication input signals selected from a set of communication signals,
converting one or a plurality of communication input signals into one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission using one or a plurality of non-periodic functions selected from a set of non-periodic functions, and transmitting one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmitting waveforms over a communication channel,
wherein at least one non-periodic function is selected from the set of non-periodic functions having the form of an equation

where k ₀ is the coefficient of the amplitude of the first level; ω ₀ - frequency constant of the first level; i - imaginary constant equal to $$\sqrt{-\mathrm{one}}$$

; k ₁ - coefficient of amplitude of the second level; ω ₁ is the frequency constant of the second level; t is the time parameter; t ₀ is the initial moment of time; k ₂ - coefficient of amplitude of the third level; ω ₂ is the frequency constant of the third level; m is the curve shape parameter. 2. The communication method according to claim 1, in which k ₀ modulates the amplitude, ω ₀ modulates the phase, k ₁ modulates the frequency of at least one of the following: k ₁ or ω ₁ changes the direction of the clock, t ₀ changes the time shift, at least one of the following: k ₂ or ω ₂ changes the direction of rotation, and at least one of the following: m, k ₂ , ω ₁ and ω ₂ change the growth. 3. The communication method according to claim 1, in which each non-periodic function from the set of non-periodic functions differs from other non-periodic functions from the set of non-periodic functions by at least one of the following: amplitude, phase, frequency, time direction, time shift, direction of rotation and growth. 4. The communication method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of one or a plurality of input communication signals and a set of non-periodic functions are obtained from at least one of the following: a modulator, computer-readable medium, a computer, a satellite communication device, and a mobile device. 5. The communication method according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of portions of at least one of the one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission corresponds to at least one of one or a plurality of input communication signals. 6. The communication method according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is at least one of the waveforms generated and transmitted over the communication channel using a two-component transmission. 7. The communication method according to claim 6, in which one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is at least one of the waveforms generated and transmitted over the communication channel with the additional use of an intra-character temporary compaction. 8. The communication method according to claim 1, wherein at least one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission comprises a head portion and a tail portion that returns the communication channel to its original state. 9. The communication method according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of input communication signals are converted into one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission using a modulator. 10. The communication method of claim 9, wherein the modulator comprises at least one of the following: an encoder or a pulse shaping filter. 11. The communication method according to claim 10, in which the encoder receives amplitude data using a look-up table that displays a set of communication signals in a set of non-periodic functions. 12. The communication method according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is at least one of the waveforms generated and transmitted over the communication channel using at least one of the following: a transmitter or a transceiver. 13. The communication method according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is at least one of the waveforms generated and transmitted over the communication channel using at least one of the following: a computer, satellite communications device and mobile devices. 14. The communication method according to claim 1, further comprising:
receiving one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission; and demodulating one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission. 15. The communication method according to claim 14, further comprising transmitting one or a plurality of communication output signals to at least one of the following: a user, a computer-readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device, and a mobile device. 16. The communication method according to claim 14, wherein one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is received using at least one of the following: a receiver or a second transceiver. 17. The communication method according to claim 14, in which one or a plurality of transmittable waveforms are received using at least one of the following: a computer, a satellite communications device, and a mobile device. 18. The communication method of claim 14, wherein one or a plurality of transmittable waveforms are demodulated using a demodulator. 19. The communication method according to claim 18, in which the demodulator comprises a decoder. 20. A communication method, including:
receiving one or many suitable for transmitting waveforms transmitted over the communication channel, and
demodulating one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission,
wherein one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is created using one or a plurality of non-periodic functions selected from a set of non-periodic functions, and
at least one non-periodic function is selected from the set of non-periodic functions in the form of an equation

where k ₀ is the coefficient of the amplitude of the first level; ω ₀ is the frequency constant of the first level; i - imaginary constant equal to $$\sqrt{-\mathrm{one}}$$

; k ₁ - coefficient of amplitude of the second level; ω ₁ is the frequency constant of the second level; t is the time parameter; t ₀ is the initial moment of time; k ₂ - coefficient of amplitude of the third level; ω ₂ is the frequency constant of the third level; m is the curve shape parameter. 21. The communication method according to claim 20, further comprising transmitting one or a plurality of communication output signals to at least one of the following: a user, a computer-readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device, and a mobile device. 22. The communication method according to claim 20, in which k ₀ modulates the amplitude, ω ₀ modulates the phase, k ₁ modulates the frequency of at least one of the following: k ₁ or ω ₁ changes the direction of the clock, t ₀ changes the time shift, at least one of the following: k ₂ or ω ₂ changes the direction of rotation, and at least one of the following: m, k ₂ , ω ₁ and ω ₂ change the growth. 23. The communication method according to claim 20, in which each non-periodic function from the set of non-periodic functions differs from other non-periodic functions from the set of non-periodic functions by at least one of the following: amplitude, phase, frequency, time direction, time shift, direction of rotation and growth. 24. The communication method of claim 20, wherein one or a plurality of portions of at least one of the one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission corresponds to at least one of one or a plurality of input communication signals. 25. The communication method according to claim 20, wherein one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is at least one of the waveforms generated and transmitted over the communication channel using a two-component transmission. 26. The communication method according to claim 25, wherein one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is at least one of the waveforms generated and transmitted over the communication channel with the additional use of an intra-symbol temporary seal. 27. The communication method according to p. 20, in which at least one or many suitable for transmitting waveforms includes a head section and a tail section, which returns the communication channel to its original state. 28. The communication method according to claim 20, in which one or many suitable for transmitting waveforms are received using at least one of the following: a receiver or a transceiver. 29. The communication method according to claim 20, in which one or many suitable for transmitting waveforms are received using at least one of the following: a computer, satellite communications device and a mobile device. 30. The communication method of claim 20, wherein one or a plurality of transmittable waveforms are demodulated using a demodulator. 31. The communication method of claim 30, wherein the demodulator comprises a decoder. 32. A communication system comprising:
a modulator adapted to receive one or a plurality of communication input signals selected from a set of communication signals, and convert one or a plurality of communication input signals into one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission using one or a plurality of non-periodic functions selected from a set of non-periodic functions, and
at least one of the following: a transmitter or a first transceiver adapted to transmit one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission over a communication channel,
wherein at least one non-periodic function is selected from the set of non-periodic functions and has the form of an equation

where k ₀ is the coefficient of the amplitude of the first level; ω ₀ is the frequency constant of the first level; i - imaginary constant equal to $$\sqrt{-\mathrm{one}}$$

; k ₁ - coefficient of second amplitude levels; ω ₁ is the frequency constant of the second level; t is the time parameter; t ₀ is the initial moment of time; k ₂ - coefficient of amplitude of the third level; ω ₂ is the frequency constant of the third level; m is the curve shape parameter. . 33. A communication system according to claim 32, wherein k ₀ modulates the amplitude, phase modulates ω _0, k ₁ modulates a frequency of at least one of the following: k ₁ or ω ₁ changes the reference direction of time, t ₀ changes the time shift, at least one of the following: k ₂ or ω ₂ changes the direction of rotation, and at least one of the following: m, k ₂ , ω ₁ and ω ₂ change the growth. 34. The communication system of claim 32, wherein each non-periodic function from the set of non-periodic functions differs from other non-periodic functions from the set of non-periodic functions by at least one of the following: amplitude, phase, frequency, time direction, time shift, direction of rotation and growth. 35. The communication system of claim 32, wherein at least one of the one or a plurality of input communication signals and a set of non-periodic functions are obtained from at least one of the following: a modulator, computer-readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device, and a mobile device. 36. The communication system of claim 32, wherein one or a plurality of portions of at least one of the one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission corresponds to at least one of one or a plurality of input communication signals. 37. The communication system of claim 32, wherein one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is at least one of the waveforms generated and transmitted over the communication channel using a two-component transmission. 38. The communication system according to claim 27, in which one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is at least one of the waveforms generated and transmitted over the communication channel with the additional use of an intra-symbol temporary compression. 39. The communication system of claim 32, wherein at least one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission comprises a head portion and a tail portion that returns the communication channel to its original state. 40. The communication system of claim 32, wherein the modulator comprises an encoder and a pulse shaping filter. 41. The communication system of claim 40, wherein the encoder obtains amplitude data using a lookup table displaying a set of communication signals in a set of non-periodic functions. 42. A communication system according to claim 32, further comprising:
at least one of the following: a receiver or a second transceiver adapted to receive one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission, and
a demodulator adapted to demodulate one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission. 43. The communication system of claim 32, further comprising at least one of the following: a computer-readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device, and a mobile device,
wherein at least one of the following: a computer-readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device and a mobile device is adapted to perform at least one of the following:
provide one or multiple input communication signals,
receive one or many input communication signals,
convert one or a plurality of communication input signals into one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission,
transmit one or many suitable for transmitting waveforms over a communication channel,
take one or many suitable for transmitting waveforms,
demodulate one or a plurality of transmittable waveforms and transmit one or a plurality of communication output signals to at least one of the following: a user, a second computer-readable medium, a second computer, a second satellite communications device, and a second mobile device. 44. The communication system of claim 42, wherein the demodulator comprises a decoder. 45. A communication system comprising:
at least one of the following: a receiver or transceiver adapted to receive one or a plurality of transmittable waveforms transmitted over a communication channel, and
a demodulator adapted to demodulate one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission,
wherein one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is created using one or a plurality of non-periodic functions selected from a set of non-periodic functions, and
at least one non-periodic function from the set of non-periodic functions has the form of an equation

where k ₀ is the coefficient of the amplitude of the first level; ω ₀ is the frequency constant of the first level; i - imaginary constant equal to $$\sqrt{-\mathrm{one}}$$

; k ₁ - coefficient of second amplitude levels; ω ₁ is the frequency constant of the second level; t is the time parameter; t ₀ is the initial moment of time; k ₂ - coefficient of amplitude of the third level; ω ₂ is the frequency constant of the third level; m is the curve shape parameter. 46. The communication system according to claim 45, in which k ₀ modulates the amplitude, ω ₀ modulates the phase, k ₁ modulates the frequency of at least one of the following: k ₁ or ω ₁ changes the direction of the clock, t ₀ changes the time shift, at least one of the following: k ₂ or ω ₂ changes the direction of rotation, and at least one of the following: m, k ₂ , ω ₁ and ω ₂ change the growth. 47. The communication system according to claim 45, wherein each non-periodic function from the set of non-periodic functions differs from other non-periodic functions from the set of non-periodic functions by at least one of the following: amplitude, phase, frequency, time direction, time shift, direction of rotation and growth. 48. The communication system of claim 45, wherein one or a plurality of portions of at least one of the one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission corresponds to at least one of one or a plurality of input communication signals. 49. The communication system of claim 45, wherein one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is at least one of the waveforms generated and transmitted over the communication channel using a two-component transmission. 50. The communication system according to claim 49, in which one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission is at least one of the waveforms generated and transmitted over the communication channel with the additional use of an intra-symbol temporary compression. 51. The communication system of claim 45, wherein at least one or a plurality of waveforms suitable for transmission comprises a head portion and a tail portion that returns the communication channel to its original state. 52. The communication system of claim 45, further comprising at least one of the following: a computer-readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device, and a mobile device,
wherein at least one of the following: a computer-readable medium, a computer, a satellite communications device and a mobile device is adapted to perform at least one of the following:
receive one or a plurality of transmittable waveforms, demodulate one or a plurality of transmitable waveforms and transmit one or a plurality of communication output signals to at least one of the following: a user, a second computer-readable medium, a second computer, a second satellite communications device and a second mobile device. 53. The communication system of claim 45, wherein the demodulator comprises a decoder.

Images