RU2574161C2 - Plant for electrochemical machining of bores in bulky parts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrochemical bore processing. Claimed part comprises the chamber to house the prop with the holder for clamping the electrode to be displaced horizontally, body, part carrier table and power supply. Said table is composed of vertical metal plate with horizontal T-shape slits to be secured to the plant body. The appliance with the support tracing the machined part inner surface is fitted in said T-shape slits to displace therein. The clamp is composed of the collet mounted at the holder. The latter supports the holder rough feed mechanism for securing of the electrode in vertical axis composed of a screw pair and a cam with the pusher.

EFFECT: ease of electrode position adjustment and readjustment of bore machining.

5 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the electrochemical processing of high-precision parts from metals and alloys. It can be used to process holes, in particular to remove burrs in the holes, and more precisely from their edges, in large-sized stainless steel parts in the aircraft industry and other industries.

A device for electrochemical deburring of parts supplied using a dielectric conveying tape, in which holes are made for mounting parts in the processing zone between the perforated cathode and the anode, the cathode surface facing the tape is covered with a perforated dielectric sheet (A.S. No. 410908, CL B23P 1/04). The disadvantage of this design is that the removal of metal occurs from the entire surface of the workpiece.

A known machine for the electrochemical processing of metal billets by anodic dissolution of the billet with an electrolyte and an applied direct current, including at least one rotary table for fixing the billet or the holder of the billet, as well as a portal with a transverse beam on which one or two cathodes are provided, while at least the rotary table is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis of rotation, the portal is arranged to linearly move along a horizontal direction relative to the turntable, the transverse beam has the ability to move along the vertical guides of the portal and the possibility of rotation around the horizontal axis of rotation, and one or both cathodes are configured to fix each on its own or on a common clamping device on the transverse beam and / or with the possibility of linear movement along at least one horizontal rail along the transverse beam (patent RU No. 2375158, CL B23H 7/26). The disadvantages of the machine for the electrochemical processing of metal billets include the complexity of the design and the impossibility of electrochemical processing of holes.

These disadvantages are deprived of the installation for the electrochemical processing of holes in large parts, containing a chamber, inside which there is a stand with a holder for attaching the electrode in a clamping device with the possibility of linear movement of the electrode along the horizontal axis, a case and a table for fixing the part, and a power source connected to the electrode and the workpiece, and the table for securing the part is made in the form of a vertically arranged metal plate having a horizontally located T-image grooves and made with the possibility of fastening to the installation body, and on the T-shaped grooves of the table with the ability to move along them, there is a device to which a tool tray is attached, copying the inner surface of the workpiece and having at least two holes for fastening the workpiece using stoppers holes for supplying electrolyte, while the clamping device for the electrode is made in the form of a cartridge with a collet mounted on a holder on which the mechanism of rough movement of the holder is placed For mounting the electrode along the vertical axis, consisting of a screw pair and a cam with a pusher, the screw of the screw pair containing in its upper part a handle for adjusting the position of the holder, and the cartridge for fixing the electrode in its upper part contains a horizontally positioned limb for fine tuning the movement of the the electrode along the vertical axis, kinematically connected with the lead screw of the clamping device for attaching the electrode, while the electrode has a side surface of the working part, repeating the shape of the machining yvaemogo holes.

In addition, the holes in the lodgement for the supply of electrolyte are aligned with the machined holes and have dimensions not less than the dimensions of the machined holes; the total number of holes in the tool tray for mounting the workpiece must be at least the number of holes to be worked; on the fixture for the workpieces from its lower side, under the workpiece’s machined hole, a fitting is installed that is capable of attaching a hose to it for supplying electrolyte from the installation tank.

The installation chamber contains a top cover, as well as side walls, which are curtains made of transparent material for light and having the ability to slide to create a closed volume; the electrolyte tank is placed under the workpiece and is closed on top of the filter material.

The figure 1 shows a General view of the installation for electrochemical processing of holes in large parts.

In FIG. 2 shows a General view of the installation without the workpiece and electrode.

In FIG. 3 shows a partial view of the installation (in section).

In FIG. 4 is a partial view of the installation (front view).

In FIG. 5 shows a general view of the lodgement.

In FIG. 6 is a diagram of the electrochemical processing of holes.

The installation for the electrochemical processing of holes in large-sized parts consists of a table 1 with an electrolyte tank attached to the bottom 2 from the bottom 3. On the tabletop 2, the installation chamber 4 is mounted, comprising a camera stand 5, a top cover 6, side walls, which are sliding shutters 7 of transparent material, such as plexiglass. A stand 8 for a holder 9 is mounted inside the chamber 4, on which a cartridge 10 with a collet 11 is mounted for attaching the electrode 12. A limb 13 is placed horizontally on the cartridge 10 for fine movement of the cartridge 10 with the electrode 12 along the vertical axis. The rack 8 contains a lead screw 14 of a screw pair - a screw-nut kinematically connected with a nut 15, at the end of the lead screw 14 there is a handle 16 on top to adjust the position of the cartridge 10 along the vertical axis. At the end of the cartridge holder 9, there is a knob 17 for adjusting the position of the cartridge 10 with the electrode 12 on the horizontal axis (back and forth) attached to the screw 18. A mechanism for rough movement of the cartridge 10 with the electrode 12 on the vertical axis, consisting of a cam, is located on the cartridge holder 9 19 and the pusher 20, kinematically connected with the handle rough movement 21. To the body 22 of the installation is attached a table 23 for fixing the workpieces 24, having four horizontally arranged T-shaped grooves 25, to which, in turn, is attached a fixture 26 for fixing the workpieces 24, which can be moved along the grooves 25. A tool tray 27 is attached to the tool 26 using standard bolts (not shown). The workpiece 24, in turn, is mounted on the workpiece 24 with two stoppers 28 fixed in the holes 29, and the lodgement itself in its central part contains a hole 30 for supplying electrolyte to the hole to be processed 31. A fitting (not shown) is attached to the device 26 in its lower part under the hole 30 for connecting lang (not shown) for supplying electrolyte from the tank 3, placed under the workpiece 24 and closed on top of the filter material (not shown).

Installation works as follows.

Preparing for work.

1. Install the fixture 26 on the T-grooves 25 of the table 23, attach to the fixture 26 the lodgement 27, on which using the stops 28 to fix the workpiece 24.

2. Attach a hose for supplying electrolyte to the electrochemical treatment zone.

3. Fasten the electrode 12 in the cartridge 10 using the collet 11, install the cartridge 10 in the holder of the cartridge 9.

4. The positioning of the electrode 12 relative to the workpiece 24 in three axes until the electrode 12 touches the walls of the work hole 31.

4.1. Align electrode 12 along the X axis (right-to-left) by shifting the fixture 26 in the T-grooves 25 (fastening screws are loosened).

4.2. Align the electrode 12 along the Y axis (back and forth) by rotating the handle 17.

4.3. Align electrode 12 along the Z axis (up and down) by rotating knob 16.

4.4. Combine the working surface 32 of the electrode 12 with the edge of the hole 33 by turning the electrode in the collet 11. In case of misalignment, repeat positioning in accordance with transitions 4.1.-4.3.

4.5. Secure the screws that secure the fixture 26 to the T-slots 25 of table 23.

4.6. Secure the electrode 12 in the cartridge 10 by tightening the clamping nut 34.

5. Connect a power source (not shown) to the electrode 12 and the workpiece 24.

6. Set the interelectrode gap h between the working surface 32 of the electrode 12 and the edge 33 of the machined hole 31 with a thin movement dial 13.

7. Close the curtains 7 of the camera.

Installation work

1. Turn on the NETWORK button of the installation power supply (not shown).

2. Set the necessary parameters of the electrochemical processing according to the technological process.

3. Turn on the pump (not shown) to supply electrolyte to the treatment area.

4. Turn on the START button of the installation power supply.

5. Carry out the processing of one hole. Processing time - according to the manufacturing process.

6. Press the STOP button of the power source.

7. Turn off the electrolyte pump.

8. Open the curtains 7 of the camera.

9. Raise the electrode 12 with the handle 21, turning it upwards by 180 ° and locking it in this position.

10. Remove the stoppers 28 from the holes of the part.

11. Turn the part to the next hole to be machined.

12. Install stoppers 28 in holes 29.

13. Lower the handle 20 to its previous position.

14. Repeat transitions 3-7 until the end of processing all the holes of the part.

15. Press the OFF button of the unit power supply.

16. Remove the stops 28 from the part and remove the part from the tool.

Summarizing the above, for processing regularly located identical holes in parts having the form of a cylinder, sphere or hemisphere, it is enough to remove the stoppers from the holes of the part and, turning the part to the desired angle, insert the stoppers again.

To process regularly located holes of a different configuration, it is necessary to make a new electrode that matches the shape of these holes.

Thus, the proposed installation for the electrochemical processing of parts is easy to maintain, allows due to the presence of simple mechanisms for adjusting the position of the electrode relative to the hole to be machined, the electrochemical processing of the edges of the holes can be carried out quickly, as well as due to the presence of fixed stoppers and a handle for rough electrode movement along the vertical axis, the unit can be reconfigured processing one hole to another. Due to the fact that the installation chamber is equipped with closing shutters, electrolyte spatter outside the chamber is excluded.

Claims (5)

1. Installation for the electrochemical processing of holes in large parts, containing a chamber, inside which there is a stand with a holder for attaching the electrode in a clamping device with the possibility of linear movement of the electrode along the horizontal axis, a housing, a table for fixing the part and a power source connected to the electrode and the machined details, characterized in that the table for fixing the details is made in the form of a vertically arranged metal plate having horizontally arranged T-shaped grooves and made with the possibility of fastening to the installation case, and on the T-shaped grooves of the table with the possibility of moving along them, a device is installed, to which a lodgement is attached, copying the inner surface of the workpiece and having at least two holes for fastening the workpiece with stoppers and feed holes electrolyte, while the clamping device for the electrode is made in the form of a cartridge with a collet mounted on a holder on which the mechanism for rough movement of the holder for cre the electrode along the vertical axis, consisting of a screw pair and a cam with a pusher, and the screw of the screw pair contains in its upper part a knob for adjusting the position of the holder, and the cartridge for fixing the electrode in its upper part contains a horizontally positioned limb for fine-tuning the movement of the cartridge with the electrode along the vertical axis, kinematically connected with the lead screw of the clamping device for attaching the electrode, while the electrode has a side surface of the working part, repeating the shape of the processed holes. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes in the lodgement for supplying electrolyte have dimensions not less than the dimensions of the holes to be processed. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that on the fixture for the workpieces from its lower side, a fitting is installed under the workpiece opening of the part, made with the possibility of attaching a hose to it for supplying electrolyte from the installation tank. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation chamber contains a top cover, as well as side walls, which are curtains made of a material transparent to light and which can be shifted to create a closed volume. 5. Installation according to p. 1, characterized in that it contains an electrolyte tank, placed under the workpiece and closed on top of the filter material.

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