RU2567104C1 - Toilet bowl with waste dividing valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: toilet bowl (see fig. 1), consisting of the housing (1) with the hole (2) for dumping of dense fractions of waste into accumulative vessel and with the bowl (3) for liquids removal the bottom part of which is almost completely additionally fitted with the rotary valve (4). From it down by the slope and through holes in it the liquid flows down into the bowl located under it and further out of the toilet bowl. To avoid its sticking by dense fractions of waste and used toilet paper its surface is covered by the bedding (5), for example, biodegradable paper. When the valve is rotated around its axis (6) (see fig. 2) its back part closing the hole (2) from below is lowered, and the front part located above the bowl rises, and the dense fractions of waste detained on it, including the bedding and the used toilet paper, are dumped into the holding vessel. For additional protection of the holding vessel against liquid penetration which has infiltrated through the structural slot between the valve surface and the lower edge of the hole (see fig. 3), outside of it the barrier in the form of continuous rib (7) is arranged along the valve perimeter having the minimum height in the zone of dumping and the maximum one above the bowl. Also, freely adjoining the bowl walls from the inside, it protects it from casual penetration of dense fractions and paper. To ensure the reliability of dumping (see fig. 4) the valve surface is implemented with longitudinal ribs (8), with the thickness, height and step matched with the rigidity of the bedding in wet state, or the bedding is made with respective corrugations of low wettable material.

EFFECT: invention allows to create a toilet bowl, rather comfortable and traditional in appearance, for conditions without the centralized sewerage and with limitations by water consumption for drain off.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention "Toilet bowl with a valve separating waste" relates to sanitary equipment that provides, in the absence of a centralized sewage system and with restrictions on water consumption, the reception and separation of human waste into liquid (urine) and dense (stool) fractions.

Inseparable waste due to fermentation is fetid and is a favorable environment for the reproduction of insects harmful to humans. This is typical of conventional cesspools. To alleviate this situation, manufacturers of composting toilets recommend adding branded peat with special additives to the waste. At the same time, the dried fractions separated from the liquid, as observed in living nature, smell substantially less without any additives and are not an environment favorable for the reproduction of insects harmful to humans.

High-quality waste separation can dramatically improve the sanitary and hygienic situation in the toilet and is used by manufacturers of composting “dry closets”. When draining the liquid outside the toilet, the required capacity for the accumulation of dense fractions decreases dozens of times - by the dry residue by thirty times, and it becomes possible to create a sufficiently compact toilet for rural areas.

The implemented technical solutions in this area have drawbacks and do not fully solve this problem.

Most of the known solutions provide for the separation of waste by the device of separate receiving containers located under the corresponding output openings of a person. At the same time, to remove dense fractions due to their ability to adhere to any surfaces, the storage capacity, as a rule, is performed with an open inlet opening, which causes a negative perception from the entire defecation procedure. For example:

In the device according to the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2159578 dated 05/27/2000, “fecal and urinary openings with a distance between them equal to or greater than the length of the perineum of a person are formed from the hole for the removal of feces. The stool is removable and equipped with a partition with a seat dividing its cavity into the stool compartment with upper and lower openings and the urine compartment, with upper and lower openings. The stool compartment is located above the fecal opening, and the urine compartment is located above the urinary opening. ” The same according to the RF patent for utility model No. 38441 dated 06/20/2004 "The device contains a system for separate reception and disposal of waste, made for liquid and solid fractions in the form of drainage channels provided in the front and rear parts of the bottom of the toilet bowl ...".

Similar waste management solutions are used in the designs of the Swedish Separett Villa toilet and the Finnish Biolan dry toilet with a separator.

Their general drawback is quite convincingly stated in the operating instructions for the latest design (pos. 2) - “it can only be serviced by sitting because of the separation of liquid and solid fractions. For the first time of use, it will not be amiss to make sure that your own sitting position and distance are suitable for the purpose of the device. It’s also good for guests to suggest how to use a dry toilet. ”

Thus, for such designs there is a need for a system of personal seats of different sizes, since people differ from each other in constitution, gender and age.

Such a toilet bowl or toilet cannot be used as a urinal for men in a standing position. The problem of adhesion of fecal matter to their structural elements is also not removed.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention is a device according to the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2484755 with a priority of 02.17.2012, "Toilet bowl with separate evacuation of liquid and dense fractions", which is adopted as a prototype.

“The device comprises a sink with a drain hole for a container for liquid fractions, a retractable receiver for dense fractions with a bottom mounted on a hinge, moving using any known mechanism, for example, a lever in the opening of a chamber connected to a container for dense fractions, a container for dosing sprinkling with sorbent "powder with a batcher controlled by a slider in contact with the bottom of the retractable receiver for dense fractions."

This patent proposes a solution to eliminate the shortcomings in the known devices of a similar purpose, protected by RF patents for the invention:

No. 2149578 from 2000. “Lavatory without washing”;

No. 2217033 from 2003 "Toilet bowl";

No. 2254047 of 2003, “Toilet receiving device”;

RF patent for utility model No. 38441 of 2004, “Toilet with the humification of waste (options)” and copyright certificate for invention No. 1326230 of 1987, “Toilet for compost preparation”.

The disadvantages of the device according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2484755 (prototype) are: Retractable receiver for reliable contact with it of dense fractions from people of different constitution, gender and age should be of sufficient length, but at the same time avoid periodic soaking of the sorbent powder, especially when used by elderly women practically impossible.

The hole in the chamber wall through which the dense fractions are “evacuated” must be of sufficient height for their unhindered passage, the same height must be the edge covering this hole, and it prevents men from using the toilet normally, which means that the retractable receiver should be located low enough, and the height of the toilet becomes higher than the norm.

The presence of a swivel in the design of a retractable receiver coated with sorbent powder determines the unreliability of its operation.

The use of a sorbent powder to prevent sticking of dense fractions to the drawer does not protect its surface from sticking of the powder to it, especially in conditions of its possible soaking in liquid fractions.

The need for additional containers for sorbent powder and for used toilet paper.

The presence of a metering device, the reliable operation of which depends on many factors (mechanics, stability in flowability of the sorbing powder, after-sales service).

The possibility of frequent clogging of holes and pipes discharging liquid fractions due to spillage of the sorbing powder through the cracks between the housing and the side ribs of the drawer and in the articulation, as well as instability in ensuring uniform dosage.

The aim of the claimed invention is the creation of a toilet with separation of waste, quite acceptable in comfort, reliability and appearance for areas without a centralized sewage system and with restrictions on water consumption with the possibility of waste disposal within a small land plot.

The invention in the retrofitting of the toilet bowl (see Fig. 1), consisting of a housing (1) with an opening (2) for discharging solid waste fractions into a storage tank, a bowl (3), a rotary valve (4), from which liquid flows downhill litter (5), for example, biodegradable paper, is placed on the surface of the bowl, and to prevent sticking of dense fractions of waste to it.

The upper surface of the valve is increased due to the placement of its lifting part in the space above the bowl, which makes it possible to use different people according to the constitution, age and gender.

In standby, rinsing and as a urinal, the valve plane is held in a horizontal position with a slope towards the receiving bowl, into which the flow of liquids is ensured, followed by drainage outside the toilet. At the same time, a part of the valve above the storage tank is pressed against the lower edges of the hole organized by the vertical walls of the body, the other part is freely located with a small design clearance from the walls above the receiving bowl.

The discharge of the detainees due to friction of waste from the valve surface (see Fig. 2) is achieved by turning it around the axis (6) using the handle associated with the retention mechanism. At the same time, part of the valve at the hole drops, the other rises above the bowl. When the force is removed from the handle, the valve returns to its original position.

To reliably protect the storage tank from liquid ingress, and the bowl from dense waste fractions, including paper, an additional barrier is arranged around the valve perimeter (see Fig. 3) in the form of an external rib (7) of a minimum height in the discharge zone and a maximum above the receiving a bowl. The liquid, accidentally penetrated through the structural gaps outside the hole, returns to the bottom of the valve due to the slope and drains into the bowl. The presence of a small rib along the discharge path simultaneously ensures the dense fractions fall with the litter turning upwards, which increases the user's visual comfort.

When the litter gets wet or when laying it on a wetted surface, the friction sharply increases due to atmospheric pressure and surface tension and its reliable discharge together with dense fractions adhered to it and used toilet paper does not occur. To eliminate this drawback, the valve surface (see Fig. 4) is made with longitudinal ribs (8), thickness, height, and in increments in relation to the stiffness of the litter in the wet state, or the litter is made with the corresponding corrugations of poorly wetted material. The slope of the bottom of such a valve should guarantee a steady flow of fluid and the necessary braking of the jet laying on the valve in the upper direction (urinal and rinse mode). It is larger than the slope of the plane along the top of the ribs, which, on the one hand, should ensure the flow of random liquid from the surface of the litter to the bottom, on the other, to eliminate its sliding down. This slope is taken according to the coefficient of friction in the dry state.

The listed disadvantages of the prototype and other devices by technical solutions of the claimed invention are eliminated. At the same time, it becomes possible to create a toilet worthy of comfort and appearance that separates waste into liquid and dense fractions, which provides:

Easy to use fractionation of waste.

The possibility of using it by different people according to the constitution, age and gender, as well as as a urinal in the standing position.

Good protection of the storage tank from liquids.

Good protection of the receiving bowl against the ingress of dense fractions, including used toilet paper, which reduces the possibility of clogging of the discharge line.

Good protection of the surfaces of the toilet receiving waste from the sticking of dense fractions, which eliminates the need to clean the surface with brushes and brushes after each procedure.

Good discharge of dense fractions, including paper, which is comparable to reliability when flushing with water in a traditional toilet of good design.

Technical solutions of the claimed device meet the criterion of "novelty", since they are not known from the prior art at the date of application.

The set of essential features of the claimed technical solutions and their influence on obtaining the desired end result are not known from the prior art.

The technical solutions of the claimed device meet the criterion of "inventive step", since no other solutions having similar distinctive features have been identified, and the influence of these distinctive features on the resulting technical result is not known.

Claims (3)

1. A toilet with an opening for discharging through it dense fractions of waste in its rear part and with a bowl for draining the liquid in the front, characterized in that almost all of its bottom part is used to receive waste in the form of an inclined surface of the rotary valve, which, with the full procedure to avoid sticking to it of dense fractions, a biodegradable litter is laid;
the back of the valve surface in the initial position for sealing is pressed to the edges of the hole from below, and the front hangs over the bowl, the liquid flows down the slope into the bowl, and the dense fractions, including used toilet paper, trapped on the litter are dumped into the hole due to the forced rotation of the valve in it side. 2. The toilet bowl according to claim 1, characterized in that due to the implementation of an additional rib along the perimeter of the valve with a minimum height in the discharge zone, the liquid that has leaked outside the hole returns along the slope, and in the bowl zone this rib protects it from the ingress of dense fractions and used toilet paper. 3. The toilet bowl according to claim 1, characterized in that to increase the reliability of the discharge from the wetted receiving surface, longitudinal ribs are made on it, of thickness, height and in increments in conjunction with the rigidity of the litter in the wet state, or the litter is made with the corresponding corrugations from wettable material.

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