RU2564852C2 - Ampoule-opener of staroverov-3 /versions/ - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: ampoule-opener has a shape of a bracket consisting of two hingedly connected halves and having at the junction of these halves a square or rhombic hole. There may be also an opening with edges covered with diamonds. For ease of use the bracket halves can be locked in the closed position, for which there is a wedge insert between them having the ability to move in a plane of symmetry of the bracket perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the halves. Or on the bracket halves there are the spring loaded latch and the rest for it located opposite to it on the other half. Or on one of the bracket halves there is a spring loaded lock that contacts the rest located on the other side of the bracket, at that the lock closing is carried out by the compressive force of fingers on the lock key, and the force on the key by the bracket spring is less than by the spring of the lock.

EFFECT: shatterproof opening of ampoule.

10 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medical equipment and is intended for opening ampoules.

Known devices for opening ampoules with a neck, for example, by A. with. USSR No. 1698185, or a device in the form of a tube having a wedge inside, see Internet www.dez.ru. The first device is too complicated in design, and the second is dangerous to use - at the first moment after breaking the neck of the ampoule, its broken off head is pressed against the fracture point with considerable force, which causes crumbling of the contacting parts.

To separate the head of the ampoule from the body of the ampoule without the formation of fragments, in addition to breaking it, a tensile force must also be applied. This can be done by applying simultaneously opposing forces to the ampoule head above and below the neck with a breaking force. Then, when the neck of the ampoule is broken, oppositely directed forces will act on these parts, and the neck of the ampoule will break without rubbing the fragments of the ampoule against each other.

Such conditions can be created by placing the neck of the ampoule with a gap in the hole, but it will be more reliable to break if the place of the future break is based on two points on each side.

OPTION 1. For the purpose of shatter-free opening of ampoules of various sizes, the ampoule-opener has the shape of a bracket consisting of two articulated halves and having a square or rhombic hole (hereinafter referred to as a “rhombic”) at the junction of these halves.

For opening ampoules of different sizes, the aforementioned openings can be several.

For the convenience of clamping the neck of the ampoule in the hole, the halves of the bracket are spring-loaded in the opening direction and have an opening limiter.

In order for the ampoule-opener to fit comfortably in the hand, its size in the direction of the axis of rotation of the halves should be at least 100 mm.

For the most optimal distribution of internal stresses in the neck of the ampoule, the orthorhombic hole should be extended in the direction of the joint of the halves and have an angle between the sides of the rhombus 91-179 degrees (optimally 120 degrees). If the hole is square, it should be located like a rhombus - so that the joint of the halves of the bracket goes along the diagonal of the square.

To facilitate the breaking of the ampoule nose without a neck, there may be a hole at the junction of the halves of the bracket with edges coated with diamonds or other solid particles, and on one of the halves there is a protrusion on the inside with a centering recess for the ampoule nose located along the axis of symmetry of the bracket opposite one or each from the holes. The hole with diamond edges can be of any shape (round, square, rhombic). Centering recesses opposite one or each of the rhombic holes are needed for the subsequent correct insertion of the ampoule into a suitable rhombic hole. Of course, the distance from the rhombic hole to the centering recess should be greater than the length of the head of the ampoule with the neck.

The openings for breaking the nozzle of the ampoules without a neck and the hole with diamond edges do not have to be sliding apart, so they can be located on the side of the bracket (staples).

Figure 1, 2 shows in a compressed state an ampoule opener in two projections. It has the shape of a bracket, consisting of two articulated halves 1 with three rhombic holes 2 at the junction of the halves. The halves are spring-loaded with a spring 3 and have an opening limiter in the form of a protrusion 4.

It opens the ampoule ampoule opener with the neck in the following way: the neck of the ampoule is inserted into hole 2 of such a size in which it is clamped without pinching (marking in milliliters is desirable near the holes). If there is a point on the neck, it should be oriented perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the bracket (i.e. sideways).

Then the halves 1 of the bracket are compressed and a torque breaking moment is applied to the side (perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the bracket) in the direction opposite to the point. This gives a tensile and bending force on the neck of the ampoule, and the neck breaks. In this case, the two resulting parts of the ampoule do not touch and do not rub against each other, but rather fly off from each other. The ampoule head remains in the inner cavity of the bracket, and if the ampoule opener at this moment had a position that differs from the horizontal by more than 30 degrees, the head immediately falls into the substituted container (tray, bucket). Or, if the ampoule opener was almost horizontal, the health worker tilts the ampoule opener over the container to collect empty ampoules, moreover, with either of the two open ends, and the broken off ampoule head falls into it.

Ampoules without a neck open like this: the clamp is compressed, the ampoule is inserted with a nose into the hole with diamond edges all the way into the centering recess and rotates around its axis by an angle of about 270 degrees. At the same time, ring risks appear on it. Then, the ampoule is rearranged into a suitable rhombic hole, again, until it stops in the centering recess - this ensures subsequent pressure on the ampoule just in the region of the risok. The ampoule-opener makes a breaking movement to the side, and the nose of the ampoule breaks at the place of the applied marks. It should be noted that, unlike an ampoule with a neck, in this case the ampoule nose will most likely not remain in the cavity of the bracket, but will fall out of the hole.

To avoid large contact forces on the glass of the ampoule, it is advisable to make the ampoule opener from plastic with some elastic properties - polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, etc. But the bracket should have sufficient rigidity, for this the thickness of the branches and, especially, the back of the bracket should be sufficient.

Plates with diamond edges can be made separately and fixed in the recess intended for the plates by easy fusion of the material of the ampoule opener.

OPTION 2. In the first embodiment of the device, considerable force may be required to compress the halves of the bracket at the time of breaking the neck of the ampoule. To facilitate this work for the medical staff, fixation of the halves in a compressed state can be envisaged. There are several ways to do this.

For example, compared to option 1, you can make rear protrusions on the bracket on the other side of the hole (the bracket will look like a clothespin or pliers) and place a wedge-shaped insert between them that can move in the plane of symmetry of the bracket perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the halves.

Of course, there can be several openings, as in option 1.

To ensure the release of the halves and their opening, the liner is spring loaded in the direction from the axis of rotation of the halves of the bracket. The angle of the wedge-shaped liner on the side, it is desirable to choose close to the angle of self-braking (5-7 degrees).

Figure 3 shows in a compressed state the ampoule opener of embodiment 2. It also has the shape of a bracket consisting of two articulated halves 1 with rhombic holes at the junction of the halves. But the halves have rear protrusions 5, between which the wedge-shaped insert 6 is movably mounted in the guides mounted on one of the halves of the bracket or on the axis of their rotation (not shown). The insert is spring-loaded in the direction of opening by a flat spring spring 7 (there may be other spring options )

This ampoule opener works like this: it is taken in the right hand and compressed. In this case, the halves 1 of the bracket converge, and then between the rear protrusions 5 there is an insert 6 pressed by the palm of the hand (this is done as one movement). Next - similar to option 1.

The size of the bracket from the rhombic holes to the size of the insert should be such that in the opened state the bracket is placed in the palm of the medical staff with a light touch of the insert in the middle of the palm (approximately 50-60 mm).

OPTION 3. You can fix the halves of the bracket in a compressed state in another way. For this, in comparison with option 1, on the halves of the bracket there is a spring-loaded latch and an emphasis opposite to it located on the other half.

To open the latch, it has a key to open it, located under the thumb.

This version of the ampoule opener works like this: the halves of the bracket are compressed until the latch clicks, then - similarly to option 1. After opening the ampoule, the latch open key is pressed, the bracket opens, and the ampoule is ready for the next cycle.

OPTION 4. It is most convenient to combine the compressive movement with the movement to fix the halves of the bracket. For this, in comparison with option 1, the device has a spring-loaded lock located on one of the staples of the bracket, which contacts the stop located on the other half of the staple, and the lock is closed by compressing the fingers on the lock key, and the effort on the key from the spring of the bracket is less, than from the lock spring.

Figure 4 shows in a compressed state the ampoule opener according to embodiment 4. It also has the shape of a bracket consisting of two articulated halves 1 with rhombic holes at the junction of the halves. But the halves have a spring 9 spring-loaded lock 9 with a key 10, and an emphasis 11 corresponding to the lock. For clarity, the lock and emphasis are located beyond the dimensions of the bracket, but for compactness they can also be located in the inner space of the bracket.

This version of the ampoule-opener works like this: with your fingers they squeeze the bracket 1 and the key 10. Since the spring 3 of the bracket is weaker than the spring of the lock 8, first the halves of the bracket 1 converge, and then the lock 9 rotates and locks the halves of the bracket. Next - similar to option 1. After opening the ampoule, the lock key is released, the bracket is opened, and the ampoule opener is ready for the next cycle.

Claims (10)

1. Ampoule-opener, characterized in that it has the shape of a bracket consisting of two articulated halves and having at the junction of these halves a square or rhombic hole. 2. The ampoule opener according to claim 1, characterized in that there are several said openings. 3. The ampoule opener according to claim 1, characterized in that the halves of the bracket are spring-loaded in the opening direction and have an opening limiter. 4. The ampoule opener according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole of the rhombic shape should be elongated in the direction of the joint of the halves and have an angle between the sides of the rhombus 91-179 degrees. 5. The ampoule opener according to claim 1, characterized in that at the junction of the halves of the bracket there is an opening with edges coated with diamonds or other solid particles, and on one of the halves there is a protrusion on the inside with a centering recess for the nose of the ampoule located along the axis of symmetry of the bracket opposite one or each of the holes. 6. Ampoule-opener, characterized in that it has the shape of a bracket consisting of two articulated halves and having a square or rhombic hole at the junction of these halves, and there are rear protrusions on the bracket on the other side of the hole and there is a wedge-shaped insert between them move in the plane of symmetry of the bracket perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the halves. 7. The ampoule opener according to claim 6, characterized in that the liner is spring-loaded in the direction from the axis of rotation of the halves of the bracket. 8. Ampoule-opener, characterized in that it has the shape of a bracket consisting of two articulated halves and having a square or rhombic hole at the junction of these halves, with a spring-loaded latch on the halves of the bracket and an opposite stop for it on the other half. 9. The ampoule opener of claim 8, wherein the latch has a key for opening it, located under the thumb. 10. Ampoule-opener, characterized in that it has the shape of a bracket, consisting of two articulated halves and having a square or rhombic hole at the junction of these halves, and has a spring-loaded lock located on one of the halves of the bracket, which contacts the stop located on the other half of the bracket, moreover, closing the lock is made by compressing the fingers on the lock key, and the force on the key from the spring of the bracket is less than from the spring of the lock.

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