RU2560637C1 - Composite piston ring for internal combustion engines or compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: composite piston ring for internal combustion engines or compressor contains laminar rings with thickness 1 mm. Between laminar rings spring spreader is installed, it is made all-bent with rectangular cross-section out of metal tape. Between the laminar rings on the external surface of the spring spreader additionally spring insert is installed in form of helical cylindrical spring with square cross-section with rounded edges, made out of wire with thickness 1.5 mm. The spring spreader 1 is made in form of corrugated steel tape, its width is equal to distance between laminar rings.

EFFECT: invention improves reliability of the device.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used as a compression piston ring for internal combustion engines and compressors.

A piston ring is known (USSR Patent No. 1786327 A1. Publ. 07.01.1993), in which instead of piston rings a wire is used, laid in helical grooves made on the working surface of the piston. A piston with a working surface in the form of a layer of antifriction material reinforced with coils of wire laid to ensure their contact with each other has screw grooves on the working surface in which the wire is located, and blind holes are made in the piston in which the ends of the wire are fixed.

The known technical solution has a number of significant drawbacks: the complexity of manufacturing the piston body, the complexity of manufacturing the piston ring and low maintainability.

A piston ring is known (RF Patent No. 2416750. Publish. 04/20/2011). The device includes two pistons concentrically located in the groove, rings and an expander in the form of a set of coil springs. The working piston ring has periodically made wedge-shaped protrusions on the inner cylindrical surface, which freely enter the grooves of the additional ring. Between the surfaces of the grooves and wedge-shaped protrusions are placed cylindrical springs. Under the influence of springs, the piston ring moves along the inclined surfaces of the protrusions and grooves from the additional ring and is pressed against the cylinder mirror, creating a sealing effect of the device. The grooves are made on the outer cylindrical surface of the additional ring, and the wedge-shaped protrusions on the inner cylindrical surface of the piston ring. The invention improves the reliability of the sealing device of the piston.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the manufacture and operation of the sealing device due to the need for grooves in the piston ring and protrusions in the piston groove, which create a forced structural interdependence between the piston ring and the piston.

A piston ring is known (RF Patent No. 2399819 C1. Publ. September 20, 2010) with auxiliary radial elasticity, comprising a piston ring and a radial expander in the form of a spiral spring installed in the piston groove, the spiral spring being divided into groups of turns, the axes of which are located along radii to the axis of the piston

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the manufacture of expanders, a large loss of elasticity of both expanders and piston rings under the influence of heating from bursting hot gases into the annulus from the combustion chamber.

The closest in design to the claimed solution is a composite piston ring with a tangential expander (RF Patent No. 2177569. Publish. 12/27/2001). The composite piston ring contains plate rings and a spring tangential expander made integrally curved from metal tapes of rectangular cross section with rounded edges. Lamellar rings and a tangential expander are made of metal tapes, the width of which B and b corresponds to the ratio b / B = 0.450.15, and the thickness Η and h to the ratio h / H = 0.850.15.

Known technical solution has the following disadvantages. Low maintainability. The ratio of the radial and axial loads on the rings, formed from the tangential force of the expander, during compression of its turns, is practically uncontrollable, despite the axial force compensation by the gap between the radial shelves, which have the ability to bend by the size of this gap between the radial shelves.

The present invention is to improve maintainability and increase the resource cylinder-piston group of internal combustion engines and compressors.

The problem is solved in that in a composite piston ring for an internal combustion engine and compressors containing lamellar rings, between which there is a spring expander made of an integrally curved rectangular section, it is new that an additional spring insert in the form of a cylindrical screw is additionally installed on the outer surface of the spring expander square springs with rounded edges, and the spring expander is made in the form of corrugated steel tape, the width of the cat The distance is equal to the distance between the plate rings.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

figure 1 is a General view of a composite piston ring;

figure 2 is a General view of a spring expander;

figure 3 - spring liner mounted on the piston in the groove between the plate rings;

figure 4 is a section in section bb, over a plate ring;

figure 5 is a partial view B of the lock of the plate ring and the spring expander installed below;

where 1 is a spring expander;

2 - spring insert;

3, 4 - plate rings;

5 - cylinder wall.

The composite piston ring for an internal combustion engine and compressors consists of plate rings 3, 4 with a thickness of 1 mm. Between the plate rings 3, 4 there is a spring expander 1, made integrally curved of rectangular cross section from a metal strip. Between the plate rings 3, 4, on the outer surface of the spring expander 1, a spring insert 2 is additionally installed in the form of a coil spring of square cross section with rounded edges. The coil spring is made of 1.5 mm thick wire. The spring expander 1 is made in the form of a corrugated steel tape, the width of which is equal to the distance between the plate rings.

The device operates as follows.

In an internal combustion engine or compressor, with a reciprocating motion of the piston, a spring insert 2 of a square wire due to its elasticity expands the plate rings 3 and 4. In addition, the spring insert 2 is pressed against the walls of the cylinder 5 due to its own elasticity and the elasticity of the spring expander 1 made in the form of corrugated tape. The spring liner 2 is installed relative to the plate rings 3, 4 so that the lock of the plate rings is installed on the opposite side from the exit of the coil of the spring liner 2. Due to this, there is less breakthrough of gases in the crankcase, higher productivity and volume of pumped air (for compressors).

The ends of the springs are ground, and the turns are bent - this is necessary for a more snug fit to the plate rings, which provides an additional barrier for gases in the combustion chamber. The increase in friction is compensated by the running in of the interface. Since the system is dynamically inertial, during reciprocating movements of the piston, the spring insert due to inertia will maintain a gap between the turns.

Improvement of maintainability is achieved by replacing only the lamellar rings with rings of greater thickness, due to which the spring liner is compressed and increases the outer diameter. In addition, such an operation is performed several times less than conventional ring replacement.

Increasing the resource is achieved due to the possibility of compensating for the diametrical wear of the spring liner by installing a spring expander under it, as well as replacing the plate rings with rings of greater thickness without replacing other elements.

Claims (1)

A composite piston ring for an internal combustion engine or compressor containing lamellar rings, between which there is a spring expander made of integral curved rectangular cross section, characterized in that on the outer surface of the spring expander is additionally installed a spring insert in the form of a cylindrical coil spring of square cross section with rounded edges, and spring expander is made in the form of corrugated steel tape, the width of which is equal to the distance between the plate rings.

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