RU2560054C2 - Method of dyeing wool fibre with active dyes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper.

SUBSTANCE: method of dyeing wool fibre with active dyes by its preliminary modification in the aqueous solution, extracting, processing with dyeing solution, washing, neutralisation, washing and drying, when the preliminary modification of fibre in the aqueous solution is carried out by exposure to ultrasound at a frequency of 20-22 kHz, power of 3.0-6.0 kW for 3-10 minutes.

EFFECT: significant reduction in damage of the wool fibre, increase in dyeing intensity and reduction in processing duration.

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Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a method for dyeing wool fiber with active dyes and can be used in the textile industry for dyeing materials before spinning and finishing.

State of the art

Known methods of dyeing wool with active dyes, which include treating wool fiber with dye solutions using intensifiers in an amount of 1-1.5% by weight of fiber: albegal B (for lanazoles), Lyogen FN (for dreamalans F), Avolan REN (for verfixes) Gesgalon GES (for hostalans). Preparations increase the speed of dyeing, sometimes almost 3 times. Dyeing with active dyes ends with alkaline treatment with NH ₄ OH at pH 8.5, temperature 80 ° С for 15 minutes. Then acidification is carried out with a solution of CH ₃ COOH. [Novoradovskaya TS, Sadova SF: Chemistry and chemical technology of wool. - M .: Legprombytizdat, 1986. - S.141-142].

A common disadvantage of these methods is, as a rule, a low degree of fixation and uneven processing, which is associated with the hydrophobicity of the cuticular layer of wool fiber and the need for its modifying treatment before dyeing.

A known method is when the acidification of the wool fiber is carried out in a solution of hexamethylenetetramine at a pH of 6.5, which allows you to remove uncommitted dye and the hair is less damaged and turns yellow. However, some active azo dyes are unstable to formaldehyde and discolored. In addition, from an environmental point of view, formaldehyde is a very toxic substance. [Novoradovskaya TS, Sadova SF: Chemistry and chemical technology of wool. - M .: Legprombytizdat, 1986. - S. - 142].

A known method of dyeing wool fiber with active dyes using trichloroacetic acid. In this case, the degree of fixation approaches 100% without additional treatment with an ammonia solution. Despite this, the method is unrealizable, since it is quite expensive, in addition, working conditions worsen, the risk of equipment corrosion increases [Romanova MG Gordeeva N.V. Active dyes in the textile industry. - M .: Legprombytizdat, 1986. - P.104].

Closest to the claimed method essentially, i.e. The prototype is a method of dyeing wool fiber with active dyes, which consists in modifying the wool before dyeing with a solution of an alkaline agent and Humektol LYS (amphoteric derivative of fatty amines) [Smirnova SV Modification of keratin fibers before dyeing with active dyes // Izv. universities. Chemistry and Chem. technology, 2010, vol. 53, No. 12, S.94-98].

The method is carried out by sequentially carrying out the following operations:

1) preliminary modification of the wool fiber by impregnating it with an aqueous solution containing 4 g / l of an alkaline agent (sodium bicarbonate) and 1 ml / l of Humectol LYS (amphoteric derivative of fatty amines) at a temperature of 40 ° C for 30 minutes, then for 10 minutes min was carried out neutralization with acetic acid to pH 7;

2) removal of excess working solution by mechanical means by extraction or centrifugation;

3) treatment with a dye solution. In this case, the fiber is first impregnated with an acetate buffer solution (pH 4.45) containing 0.25 g of glauber's salt and 1 g of equalizer solution (10% equalizer solution A + OP-10-1: 1) in the mode of raising the temperature to 40 ° C for 15 minutes, after which dye is added to the working bath at a concentration of 2% by weight of the fiber and maintained at this temperature (40 ° C) for 15 minutes; then raise the temperature to 95 ° C for 15 minutes and maintain at this temperature (95 ° C) for 60 minutes;

4) washing with warm water (about 40 ° C) for 5 minutes;

5) neutralization by treatment with an ammonia solution for 20 minutes at a temperature of 80 ° C;

6) washing with warm water (about 40 ° C) for 5 minutes;

7) drying.

However, this method has the following disadvantages:

1. A high degree of damage to wool fibers, leading to a decrease in strength. So, the breaking load of wool fiber does not exceed 7.53 cH / tex, and the degree of damage is more than 12%. This is due to treatment with an alkaline solution, which destroys not only the surface layer, but also keratin wool.

2. Not high enough color intensity. So, the color intensity of the fiber is not more than 61.5 units. (blue dye) and not more than 20.75 (red dye).

3. The duration of the process is at least 175 minutes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to find a method of dyeing wool fiber with active dyes by preliminary modification in aqueous solution, extraction, dyeing, washing, neutralizing, washing and drying, which will reduce the degree of damage to the treated wool fiber, increase the color intensity and reduce the duration of the process.

The problem is solved by dyeing wool fiber with active dyes by preliminary modification in aqueous solution, extraction, dyeing, washing and drying, in which preliminary modification of the fiber in aqueous solution is carried out by exposure to ultrasound at a frequency of 20-22 kHz, power 3.0 -6.0 kW for 3-10 minutes

The invention allows to obtain the following advantages:

1. To reduce the degree of damage to wool fiber to 7-9% compared with the original fiber and an average of 2 times compared with the prototype.

2. Significantly increase the color intensity. So, not less than 82.3 units. (blue dye) and not less than 25.33 (red dye).

3. Reduce the duration of the process to 115 minutes

Information confirming the ability to reproduce the invention.

The claimed method is dyed wool fiber.

To implement the method using the following substances:

- sodium acetate 3-aqueous (GOST 199-78);

- synthetic acetic acid and regenerated (GOST 19814-74);

- textile auxiliary substances. Equalizer A (GOST 9600-78);

- finishing preparation OP-10 (GOST 8433-81);

- aqueous ammonia (GOST 3760-79);

- active dyes (manufactured by F. Clariant).

The invention is carried out by sequentially carrying out the following operations:

1) preliminary modification. For this, the wool fiber is placed in water and treated with ultrasound at a frequency of 20-22 kHz and a power of 3.0-6.0 kW for 3-10 minutes;

2) spin or centrifugation;

3) treatment with a dye solution. In this case, the fiber is first impregnated with an acetate buffer solution (pH 4.45) containing 0.25 g of glauber's salt and 1 g of equalizer solution (10% equalizer solution A + OP-10-1: 1) in the mode of raising the temperature to 40 ° C for 10 minutes, after which dye is added to the working bath at a concentration of 2% by weight of the fiber and maintained at this temperature for 10 minutes; then raise the temperature to 95 ° C for 15 minutes and maintain at this temperature (95 ° C) for 40 minutes;

4) washing with warm water (about 40 ° C) for 5 minutes;

5) neutralization by treatment with an ammonia solution for 20 minutes at a temperature of 80 ° C;

6) washing with warm water (about 40 ° C) for 5 minutes;

7) drying.

Qualitative indicators of wool fiber processed according to the prototype and the claimed method, were determined identically:

- the degree of damage to the treated wool fiber was determined by the breaking load of the wool fiber staples in the dry state on the device DSH-314-2 in accordance with GOST 20269-93 (Wool. Methods for determining the breaking load. M. Publishing house of 1993 standards);

- color intensity was calculated on the basis of spectral reflection coefficients of the dyed fiber obtained on a Speckall-11 spectrophotometer according to the Gurevich-Kubelka-Munk formula (Reference. Research Methods in Textile Chemistry / Ed. G.E. Krichevsky, M. Publishing House : "Legprombytizdat", 1993. - S. 384-397).

Qualitative indicators of wool fiber processed at various parameters of the method are shown in the table.

Table Qualitative indicators of dyed fiber Dye Ultrasonic Processing Conditions The time of alkaline treatment, min Color Intensity, K / S Color difference,
Δ E Breaking load, P 10 ^-3 , cH / tex The degree of damage to the fiber,% of ref. Time min power, kWt Frequency kHz one Drymarin Blue - W-RL 10 3 twenty - 99.0 2,5 8.03 6.3 2 5 3 22 - 82.3 1.9 8.12 5.25 3 3 6 twenty - 82.3 1.8 8.09 5,6 four* - - - thirty 61.5 3.8 7.51 12.37 5 Drymarin Red W-2R 5 6 twenty - 25.33 2.7 7.98 6.88 6 3 3 22 - 25.33 1,2 8.25 3.73 7 10 6 twenty - 32,3 3,1 7.89 7.93 8* - - - thirty 20.75 4.9 7.53 12.14 Source fiber 8.57 * - prototypes

Claims (1)

The method of dyeing wool fiber with active dyes by preliminary modification in aqueous solution, extraction, dyeing, washing, neutralizing, washing and drying, characterized in that the preliminary modification of the fiber in aqueous solution is carried out by exposure to ultrasound with a frequency of 20-22 kHz, power 3.0-6.0 kW for 3-10 minutes