RU2559928C1 - Autonomous device, diagnosing and preventing falling asleep in operators, connected with higher risk (mikheev-bleskin device) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: in case of a falling asleep process in humans the reduction of microcirculation of capillaries in brain tissues develops, the optic density of tissues increases in comparison with the initial density and the value of absorption of an emitted wave by the organism's tissue increases in comparison with the initial one. The device contains an insulating from the outer influence measuring chamber, which contains an emitting device, which has two light diodes, one of which emits waves of a visible radiation spectrum, and the other one emits waves in an infrared radiation spectrum; a photoreceiver, connected to a computing unit registering and amplifying received signals; a received signal amplifier; a signal comparator; a registration, signalisation and control unit, generating control signals; a unit for the activation of the operator's active state, controlling executive elements and waking up the operator with sound, light, tactile and other types of invigorative influence, as well as a unit of wireless transmission of data to a distant motion registration centre.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to realise the identification of falling asleep at an early stage and its prevention.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to devices for diagnosing the psychophysical state of the level of wakefulness of the prevention and prevention of falling asleep in operators associated with an increased risk.

Known technical solutions for monitoring the wakefulness of operators associated with an increased risk of reaction to light and sound stimuli; by measuring the electrical resistance of the skin, the compression force of the control stick, the position of the head and body, the increase in the time of closing the eyes, the freezing of the respiratory rate, pulse

(2150886 C1, A61B 5/16, 2000,

215255 A, A61B 5/18, 1973,

1,438,712 A, A61B 5/18, 1988,

2153847 C2, A61B 5/16, 2000,

2413632 C2, 2009).

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions is the lack of effectiveness, because Do not register this dangerous condition in the early stages - during the period of the precursors of sleep formation, i.e. impaired brain wakefulness.

The purpose of the proposed technical solution is to create a device for detecting falling asleep in the early stages and its prevention.

It is known from known scientific knowledge that when sleep occurs during monitoring of the brain electroencephalogram, the α-rhythm is inhibited, spindle-shaped complexes arise, the so-called “sleep spindles”, which are most characteristic for the formation of falling asleep.

It is not possible to register these characteristic changes in the function of the brain under the conditions of operators' work associated with an increased risk due to external interference and the characteristics of the work being performed.

The etiopathogenesis of reducing wakefulness and the occurrence of falling asleep, which is dangerous for operators associated with an increased risk, is based on a decrease in the microcirculation of tissue capillaries. Due to the inhibition of microcirculation in the capillaries of tissues, the α rhythm is inhibited in the cerebral cortex and spindle-shaped complexes, the so-called "Sleepy complexes." The processes of inhibition of microcirculation in the capillaries of tissues and the occurrence of falling asleep are accompanied by an increase in the optical density of body tissues in comparison with the initial density in the waking stage.

The essence of our technical solution is based on the following previously unknown regularity: when the process of falling asleep occurs, an increase in the decrease in the microcirculation of capillaries of brain tissue and other tissues develops, an increase in the optical density of tissues in comparison with the initial density, which can be recorded and monitored and, when there is a danger of falling asleep, include invigorating signals ( sound, light, tactile and affecting the sense of smell), as well as remotely inform the registration center and I.

An autonomous device that diagnoses and prevents falling asleep in operators associated with an increased risk is characterized in that it contains a measuring chamber isolated from external influences, which contains an emitter with two LEDs, one of which emits waves in the visible radiation spectrum, and the other in the infrared radiation spectrum and made with the possibility of generating penetrating radiation placed on the body part placed in the specified insulating measuring chamber, as well as a photodetector connected to the recording amplifying incoming signals the computing unit, with output control signals to additional remote actuators block wireless transmission signals received information on the distance to the center of motion detection and block activation vigorous operator status (by light, sound, tactile effects and effects on olfactory organs).

Observation in the monitoring mode of changes in the optical density of tissues during the operation of the operator in comparison with the initial optical density at the beginning of work allows you to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the state of wakefulness of the human body.

Determining the state of change in the optical density of tissues is carried out with the passage of penetrating radiation through the body part of the studied organism (finger, earlobe, nostril, etc.). We study the change in the optical density of tissues by absorbing a light wave as it passes through the tissue from the emitter of pulsed wave radiation to the receiving radiation receiver through the tissue of a part of the body in an awake state at the beginning of the working process and then during its execution.

The diagnostic device (see Fig. 1) consists of:

1) a penetrating radiation emitter having two LEDs, one of which emits waves in the visible radiation spectrum (for example 660 nm), and the other in the infrared radiation spectrum (for example 940 nm) - 1;

2) an insulating measuring chamber, which isolates the studied part of the body (finger, earlobe, nostril) from external radiation and influences - 2;

3) radiation photodetector - 3;

4) control unit - 4;

5) the amplifier of the received signal is 5;

6) a computing unit for comparing the initial characteristics of light absorption with the characteristics obtained initially in the awake state (signal comparator) - 6;

7) a registration, signaling and control unit generating control signals — 8;

8) a unit for wireless data transmission over a distance of 7;

9) activation unit of a vigorous state of the operator (executive elements) - 9.

The device operates as follows:

1) the investigated part of the body is placed in an insulating measuring chamber;

2) conduct an initial study of the passage of a series of light pulses through the studied object in a wakeful state;

3) analyze the feature of the passage of light pulses through an object placed in the camera (part of the human body);

passing a series of wave pulsed radiation through a part of the body placed in an insulating measuring chamber against the background of the impact of the working process on the human body in the monitoring mode;

4) analyze the change in the optical density of tissues by absorbing the passage of a light wave from an emitter of wave pulsed radiation through a part of the body placed in an insulating measuring chamber during the implementation of the working process;

5) evaluate the comparative indicators of the passage of the light wave of pulsed radiation through placed in the insulating measuring part of the body initially and during the working process;

6) a qualitative assessment of the state of the human body is carried out by changing the optical density, namely the presence of vivacity or the development of the process of falling asleep by the increase in the optical density of body tissues.

7) detection of an increase in the optical density of tissues in comparison with the initial optical density is recorded by the registration, alarm and control unit, and the activation unit of the alert state of the operator is turned on and the signal is transmitted to the motion registration center.

Claims (1)

An autonomous device that diagnoses and prevents falling asleep from operators associated with increased risk, characterized in that it contains a measuring chamber that is isolated from external influences and contains an emitter with two LEDs, one of which emits waves in the visible radiation spectrum, and the other in the infrared radiation spectrum and made with the possibility of generating penetrating radiation placed on the body part placed in the specified insulating measuring chamber, as well as a photodetector connected to the recording and amplifying the incoming signals by the computing unit, with the outputs of the control signals, with additional remote actuating elements, the unit for wireless transmission of the signals of the received information at a distance to the motion registration center and the activation unit of the alert state of the operator.