RU2559109C1 - Water heating boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: water heating boiler comprises furnace, rare and face walls, gas duct and water tube heat-exchanger. The heat-exchanger is made by horizontal rib tubes. The heat-exchanger tubes are arranged in parallel with each other directly in the furnace along circumference and are equipped with branches, reverse and supply headers, and with reverse and supply branches. At the rare part of the boiler the heat-exchanger tubes are rigidly connected on the rare wall, and in the face part they are secured on the mounting plate. The mounting plate is made with possibility of free movement along studs relatively to the face wall of the boiler. The heat-exchange tubes are arranged in two layers and are connected in pairs by branches directing flow from internal layer tubes to the outside layer tubes. The outside layer tubes are connected with reverse header, and of the internal layer tubes - with supply header.

EFFECT: invention ensures increasing of the water heating boiler operation efficiency.

9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat engineering and can be used for heating buildings for communal household and industrial purposes, having a heating system with a coolant.

The prior art boiler is known as a boiler containing a firebox, rear and front walls, a gas duct and a water tube heat exchanger formed by horizontal finned tubes parallel to each other directly in the furnace space around a circle or oval and equipped with taps, return and supply manifolds, as well as return pipes and supply, moreover, in the rear part of the boiler, the heat exchanger pipes are rigidly fixed on the rear wall, and in the front part are fixed on a mounting plate made with the possibility of free movement on the studs relative to the front wall of the boiler (see patent RU 2477426, class F24H 1/00, publ. 03/10/2013). The disadvantages of the known device are the relatively low efficiency, high thermal inertness and short service life of the parts of the heat exchanger, due to large temperature differences during operation of the boiler.

The objective of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages. The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the boiler. The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the boiler a water-heating boiler containing a furnace, rear and front walls, a gas duct and a tube heat exchanger formed by horizontal finned tubes parallel to each other directly in the furnace along a circle or oval and equipped with bends, return collectors and supply, as well as return and supply pipes, moreover, in the rear of the boiler, the heat exchanger pipes are rigidly fixed to the rear wall, and in the front part are fixed to the mounting plates f made with the possibility of free movement along the studs relative to the front wall of the boiler, the heat exchanger pipes are equipped with spiral turbulators and are arranged in two layers and are connected in pairs by bends that unfold the flow from the pipes of the outer layer to the pipes of the inner layer, and the pipes of the outer layer are connected to the return manifold internal - with a supply manifold, and the gas duct is located in the upper part of the boiler.

Figure 1 presents the scheme of the proposed boiler;

figure 2 - its cross section;

figure 3 - region G in figure 2;

figure 4 presents the design of the pipe of the heat exchanger;

figure 5 - boiler with removed insulation, front view;

figure 6 - boiler with removed protective panels, front view;

Fig.7 is a boiler, rear view;

on Fig - the front of the boiler with an open cover;

figure 9 is a section of the front of the boiler.

The boiler consists of a furnace 1, rear 2 and front 3 walls, a gas duct 4 in the upper part of the furnace 1 and a water-tube heat exchanger. The body of the furnace 1 is formed by a frame on which removable gas-tight panels with heat insulation 5 and decorative protective panels are fixed 6. The front wall 3 is provided with an opening cover 7, behind which there are mounting plates 8.

The heat exchanger is formed by horizontal pipes 9, 10, which are parallel to each other directly in the furnace 1 on a circle or an oval in two layers and are connected in pairs by taps 11, deploying the flow from the pipes 10 of the outer layer to the pipes 9 of the inner layer. The pipes of the outer layer 10 are connected to the collector 12 of the return, and the pipes 9 of the inner layer are connected to the collector of the supply 13. The collectors of the return 12 and the supply 13 are connected to the manifolds 19 of the return 14 and the supply 15, respectively. In the rear part of the boiler, heat exchanger pipes 9, 10 are rigidly fixed on the rear wall 2. In the front part of the pipe 9, 10 are fixed on a mounting plate 8 that can freely move along the studs 20 relative to the front wall 3 of the boiler. The pipes 9, 10 of the heat exchanger are made with fins 16 and are equipped with spiral turbulators 17. The pipes 10 of the outer layer are equipped with reflectors 18.

The proposed device operates as follows.

The coolant (water) through the pipe return 14 and the collector return 12 enters the pipe 10 of the outer layer of the heat exchanger. Moving through the pipes, the coolant is twisted and accelerated using spiral turbulators 17, thereby greatly increasing heat transfer. Then, turning around in the outlet 11, the coolant enters the pipes 9 of the inner layer of the heat exchanger, where it is also twisted and accelerated by the turbulators 17. The heated coolant from the pipes 9 is sent to the supply manifold 13, and from there through the supply pipe 15 to the consumer.

With this design of the boiler, the burner flame primarily transfers the maximum amount of energy to the pipes 9 of the inner layer, warming the coolant to the maximum required temperature of about 150 ° C. Then, lowering the temperature, the exhaust gases are cooled passing through the pipes 10 of the outer layer. The temperature of the coolant in the pipes 10 can vary from 60 to 95 ° C, and passing through them, the exhaust gases are cooled to a temperature of not more than 160 ° C. When the coolant moves from the cold state to the side of the heated furnace, we get the optimal boiler heat transfer scheme due to oncoming flows of the coolant and burnt gases (with cooling, the flue gases meet with a less cool coolant, which allows additional heat removal from the gases) with minimum heat exchanger sizes. With this design, the boiler efficiency is at least 93%.

Since the pipes 9, 10 are not welded to the front wall 3, but are attached to the mounting plate 8, which can move relative to it together with the pipes, no stresses are created during operation of the device. The service life of pipes 9, 10 and the heat exchanger as a whole is limited only by the presence of corrosion. The speed of the coolant due to the presence of turbulizers 17 is at least 1 m / s, which prevents the formation of wall boiling in the pipes.

The collectors 12, 13 are made in such a way that it is possible to weld the pipes 9, 10 with the possibility of easy replacement of one or more of them during the repair, if necessary. Since the collectors 12, 13 are connected with the frame of the furnace 1 only through connecting pipes, the stresses during heating and cooling of the boiler are easily compensated.

The proposed boiler has a higher efficiency than the known designs, and can operate on superheated water at temperatures up to 150 ° C.

Claims (1)

A hot-water boiler containing a firebox, rear and front walls, a gas duct and a water-tube heat exchanger formed by horizontal finned tubes parallel to each other directly in the furnace along a circle or oval and equipped with bends, return and supply collectors, as well as return and supply pipes, the back of the boiler, the heat exchanger pipes are rigidly fixed on the rear wall, and in the front part are fixed on a mounting plate made with the possibility of free movement along the studs about the front wall of the boiler, characterized in that the heat exchanger pipes are equipped with spiral turbulators and are arranged in two layers and are connected in pairs by taps that unfold the flow from the pipes of the outer layer to the pipes of the inner layer, the pipes of the outer layer being connected to the return manifold, and the inner one to the supply collector , and the flue is located at the top of the boiler.

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