RU2558871C1 - Guide beam of power swivel of drilling rig - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: guiding beam of a power swivel of a drilling rig is designed as top and bottom sections between which the hinged device is located. The hinged device is formed by docking tips mounted on the top and bottom sections and connected by means of pin. On the end of a docking tip of a lower section the rounding for turn with reference to the top section is implemented. On the lower section the latch which is rigidly connected with the tip of the bottom section is installed. The latch is designed as a spring-loaded pin with conical surface for automatic latching in a groove of the top section tip at rotation of the lower section into vertical position. For release of the device the pin is fitted with a rope.

EFFECT: improvement of reliability and safety of beam operation.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of drilling equipment, and in particular to devices used as part of power swivels installed on mobile drilling rigs (hereinafter MBU) and intended for maintenance and overhaul of oil and gas wells.

Power swivels provide: the creation of torque and reverse rotation of the drill string; make-up and unscrewing of drill pipes during tripping; braking, stopping rotation and holding the drill string in a predetermined position. The operation of the power swivel is due to the possibility of transferring the reactive moment from the swivel hull to the steel structure of the MBU mast through the guide with simultaneous vertical movement up and down along it using the hoist of the tackle block.

Known mast derrick with a top drive and a derrick with a top drive RU 105934, ЕВВ 15/00, publ. 06/27/2011. The mast of the derrick is made of metal structures in the form of a truss on which the upper power drive is located, and is equipped with rails for moving the upper drive, which is connected to the mast by an integral connection. The drilling rig includes a mast made of metal, a winch for moving the top drive, hydraulic cylinders for lifting the mast.

Known mobile installation for drilling and repair of oil and gas wells RU 90489, EV 43/00, publ. 01/10/2010. It contains the chassis mounted on the frame, a winch with a drive and a tower with working equipment. The tower is a telescopic two-section design with an open front face. A cable guide is hung on the tower and the upper power drive is placed on the hook block. In addition, the drilling installation includes a gearless winch mounted directly on the frame of a predominantly automobile chassis, a hydraulic winch with hydraulic pumps and a tower with hydraulic lifts and a hydraulic top power drive with hydraulic brakes, as well as installation and working equipment with hydraulic drives.

There is a known construction of a cable (cable) guide, which was developed by Promtekhinvest CJSC for VG-100 power swivels installed on mobile drilling rigs (2010-2011). The structure is a cable designed to perceive the power swivel reactive moment. The upper end of the cable forms a loop with a thimble embedded in it. A bag-shaped bracket is threaded through this loop, with the help of which the upper end of the guy wire is suspended on the upper attachment point mounted on the mast of the MBU. The lower end of the guy wire, like the upper one, forms a loop with a thimble embedded in it. The loop is inserted into one of the lanyard forks and fixed with a finger. The other lanyard fork fits into a connecting link to which a chain is attached at one end. At the other end of this chain there is also a connecting link through which another bag-shaped bracket is passed through which the chain is attached to the bracket of the anchor pipe. In addition, a chain is attached to the last bag-shaped bracket through another connecting link at one end, and a shortening hook is installed at its other end through the connecting link. The chain must be fixed as a guy wire that prevents the anchor pipe from turning around its axis during operation of the power swivel. The tension of the guy line is adjusted by changing the length of the chain and the lanyard.

The disadvantages of this design of the cable (cable) guide are: limitation of the torque of the power swivel due to the elasticity of the cable and significant angular (torsional) vibrations of the swivel; the complexity of organizing the cable tension system and the need for constant monitoring of the tension force, which is weakened during operation of the power swivel due to vibrational loads; the need to install structural elements of cable fastening means on the casing of blowout preventer equipment that does not meet the safety requirements in the oil and gas industry.

There is another design of the guide, which is developed in ZAO Promtekhinvest and is used in patent RU 2237790, ЕВВ 3/00, publ. 10/10/2010.

The power swivel guide, which is part of the power swivels installed on mobile drilling rigs, is made in the form of a beam mechanically fixed to the steel structure of the mast of the MBU. The power swivel with slings and means of suspension to the hook block with the help of a slider has the ability to move along the guide beam along the mast up and down due to the winch and hook block MBU. The guide along with the attachment points is designed to provide directional movement of the swivel up and down, the perception of the reactive moment from the power elements of the actuators and its transmission to the mast steel structure.

The power swivel guide beam is a sectional type construction. The upper part of the guide is suspended on the extendable section to the mast of the lifting unit. The lower part is removable and transported in a transport module with a swivel. Each section is a metal structure of a closed rectangular profile with flanges at the ends. The lower section is made with a "run" (wedge-shaped design) for ease of installation of the slider. The sections are fixed in a single guide by inserting the tip of the lower section into the lower groove of the upper section and fixing the docked sections with a finger. The geometry of the connection of the tip with the groove provides a unified design and the necessary torsional rigidity of the guide when transmitting torque from the power swivel to the mast metal structure.

A set of fastening means is attached to the guide beam to ensure its installation on the mast. A complete unit for coupling the swivel with a guide beam is a slider that provides directional movements of the swivel along the guide beam (due to the operation of the winch and movement of the hook block) and the transfer of reactive moment from the power swivel to the guide. The slider is a supporting tubular structure, in cross section is a rectangle open on one of the long sides. On all working surfaces inside the slider installed and fixed liners of caprolon. Instead of a slider, a carriage can be used - a unit consisting of a frame, a tool tray and 4-6 roller trolleys 3. Each roller trolley has 2 running rollers, which ensure that the carriage moves along the guide, and one persistent roller that limits possible distortions of the carriage during movements along the guide. The advantage of this guide is the ability of the power swivel to work with a higher torque than with a cable guide, ease of operation (in comparison with a cable guide, there is no need for constant monitoring and regulation of the tension force).

This technical decision was made as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype include the complexity and complexity of the installation of the guide beam, which must be performed every time you deploy the power swivel on the MBU, namely:

- the need to lift using a truck crane the lower section of the guide beam to a certain height;

- descent of the upper section of the guide with a tackle block to a distance of 100-150 mm with the docking unit of the second section;

- the need to install a safety chain between the first and second sections of the guide;

- lowering the tackle block to ensure the connection of the protruding part of the first section with the mating part of the docking unit of the second section and their connection to the stop;

- fixing the docking unit with a connecting finger, splinting of the connection.

Docking operations must be performed at high altitude (exceeding the length of the lower section) manually only by specially trained high-altitude installers with the obligatory involvement of the AGP auto-elevator (infant carrier).

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to create a guide beam structure with improved performance.

The technical result achieved by the implementation and use of the invention is:

- to increase the reliability and safety of the functioning and operation of the beam,

- simplification of technological processes of installation, reducing its complexity,

- reducing the time of installation of the guide beam on the mast of the MBU.

The problem is solved as follows.

The guide beam of the power swivel of the drilling rig contains folding sections movable relative to each other, mounted for rotation, and is characterized in that it is made in the form of an upper and lower section, between which there is a hinge device formed by docking tips mounted on the upper and lower sections and connected by a finger, and at the end of the docking tip of the lower section a rounding is made to rotate relative to the upper section, while on the lower In addition, a latch is rigidly connected to the tip of the lower section and is made in the form of a spring-loaded pin with a conical surface for automatic locking into the groove of the tip of the upper section when the lower section is rotated to a vertical position. To unlock the device, the pin is equipped with a cable for unlocking.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. In fig. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of the mounting unit of the guide beam, in Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a lower section being rotated to a vertical position.

The guide beam for the power swivel is a two-section type structure consisting of interconnected upper section 1 and lower section 2, between which there is a hinge device. The latter is formed by a docking tip 3 mounted on the upper section 1, and a docking tip 4 mounted on the lower section 2, which are connected with a finger 5. On one side of the tip of the lower section 2 rounding 6 is performed, allowing the lower section 2 to rotate relative to the upper section 1 at an angle of up to 90 degrees. Fixation (connection of two sections into one guide) is carried out using a latch 7, which is a spring-loaded pin 8 having a conical surface for automatically snapping into the groove of the tip of the upper section 1 when the lower section 2 is rotated to a vertical position. As a result, the metal structure of a closed rectangular profile is formed. For remote release of the connection, a cable is used, worn on the roller 9 and passed through the restriction bracket (not shown in the figure).

When moving the pin 8 down with the help of a cable, the latter leaves the groove of the tip of the upper section, which allows the lower section to rotate relative to the upper one by an angle of up to 90 degrees.

Installation of the guide for the power swivel is carried out after the deployment of the MBU in the following sequence:

1. The upper section 1 of the MBU is lowered down (pushed into the lower section 2) with the upper part of the guide suspended to it to the level of the working platform.

2. Using a truck crane, the docking tip 3 of the upper section 1 is connected to the docking tip 4 of the lower section 2, “pinned” by means of the pin 5, and then cotter-pin, while the lower section is at an angle relative to the upper.

3. The upper section of the MBU is raised up along with the guide, the lower section of which changes from an inclined state to a vertical one, turning in a hinge device.

4. When the rail is hung vertically to the collinearity of the axes of the lower and upper sections, the latch automatically engages and the sections of the rail are fixed in a single design.

5. Using fasteners, fix the guide to the mast of the MBU.

The guide is uninstalled in the reverse order:

1. Remove the fastening means of the guide to the mast.

2. Using a cable remotely pull the latch pin down, compressing the return spring and unlocking the upper and lower sections of the guide.

3. The upper section of the MBU with the guide goes down, while the lower section of the guide is rotated relative to the upper.

4. When lowering the hinge device to the level of the working platform, the hinge is grinded and the lower section of the guide is disconnected.

At the same time, the use of a hydraulic lift is not required, and the installation process of the guide is carried out with minimal labor and maximum speed.

The invention is simple to manufacture, does not require the use of special equipment and can be used in mobile drilling rigs intended for the current and capital repair of oil and gas wells.

Claims (2)

1. The guide beam of the power swivel of the drilling rig, comprising folding sections movable relative to each other, mounted for rotation, characterized in that it is made in the form of upper and lower sections, between which there is a hinge device formed by docking tips mounted on the upper and lower sections and connected by means of a finger, and at the end of the docking tip of the lower section a rounding is made to rotate relative to the upper section, while on the lower the sections are additionally equipped with a latch, rigidly connected to the tip of the lower section and made in the form of a spring-loaded pin with a conical surface for automatic locking in the groove of the tip of the upper section when the lower section is rotated to a vertical position. 2. The guide beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the pin is equipped with a cable for release.

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