RU2558409C1 - Electrically-heated diving suit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: electrically-heated diving suit comprises electric heating elements placed at inner surface of elastic material adjacent to a diver's body. Heating elements are represented by a wire made of lavsan threads with resistive argentum sputtering, which is placed in decentralised way, i.e. with offset thus allowing its multistage connection.

EFFECT: increasing explosion and fire safety of the diving suit, ensuring reliable heating for all part of a driver's body depending of ambient temperature.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of underwater technology, can also be used to heat people at low ambient temperatures.

Known wetsuit water heating (patent RU No. 2094311 IPC ВСС 11/28), consisting of external and internal overalls, there is a distribution system of the coolant, made in the form of tubes mounted on the collector located in the center of the diver’s chest with the formation of four branches covering the body. The collector is made in the form of a housing with a coaxially mounted regulator of the coolant supply, made with a rotation limiter. The inlet and distribution discharge channels, united by the injection cavity, and the discharge and suction channels, combined by the suction cavity, are formed in the collector housing, while both cavities are formed in the regulator and communicated with each other by the channel. The outer jumpsuit is equipped with drain valves located on the boots.

A disadvantage of the known wetsuit is the impossibility of working in a closed-loop heating system and the uneven heating of the diver, as well as the inability to create thermal comfort for the diver, the difficulty of controlling the water heating system.

A well-known individual system of active thermal protection of a person at sea (patent RU No. 2182096, IPC В63С 11/28), comprising a hydro-overalls with heat distribution channels located therein and a closed circulation circuit of a heat carrier, including a heat exchanger connected by a pipeline to heat distribution channels of a hydro-overalls, an electric pump connected to an autonomous source of electricity. The latter is made in the form of a battery of chemical current sources, mainly of the electrochemical system magnesium - water. The mentioned heat exchanger is integrated in this battery. The closed circulation circuit of the coolant is equipped with a device for regulating the flow of coolant into the overalls, consisting of two valves and an additional heat exchanger washed by sea water. One of these valves is installed on the coolant pipe, and the second valve and the additional heat exchanger are connected in series and form a line connected to the closed coolant circulation circuit parallel to the heat distribution channels of the hydro-overalls.

The disadvantages of such a system include the restriction of diver’s movements, the presence of piping connections and, as a result, low reliability, the difficulty of controlling heating in overalls.

The closest analogue is an electrically heated diving suit (patent RU No. 2072939, IPC ВСС 11/28, Н05В 3/36) made of a material that can retain heat and containing electric heating elements placed in sealed sections-packages of waterproof elastic electrical insulating material, which are uniformly fixed on the surface of the suit with a gap between each other, characterized in that the sealed sections of the packages are equipped with plates of porous material with a thickness of 2-4 mm, between which there is an electron a heating element, in this case, the plates of a porous material are impregnated with a thermo-accumulating dielectric, and the gap between the sections is 2-3 mm, and the thermo-accumulating dielectric is made on the basis of paraffin with a phase transition temperature of 35-38 ° С.

The disadvantage of this suit is the rapid cooling of the heating elements during a power outage in emergency situations and, as a result, the rapid cooling of the diver, the diver’s mobility is reduced.

Known diving heated suit (patent SU No. 1448582, IPC В63С 11/28), containing two waterproofing layers covering the diver’s body, a fitting for supplying fluid to the cavity between the layers, an energy source, in order to increase the diver’s comfort while reducing energy consumption for heating him, it is equipped with a heat-generating layer located between the waterproofing layers and made in the form of a permeable fabric with flexible electric heaters fixed on it, electrically connected to the energy source.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of using heat transfer from the liquid to the diver due to the small one-sided heat transfer from them. The device does not provide uniform heating

The closest technical solution that can be taken as a prototype is electric heating diving clothing (patent RU No. 93030206, IPC B63C 11/24), in which electric heating elements of clothing are placed between the plates of a porous elastic material impregnated with a thermo-accumulating dielectric and are packed in sealed bag sections made of flexible non-conductive material. Section packages are fixed on knitted overalls. The temperature of the phase transition of the dielectric is 35-38 ° C.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of the use of heating elements due to the small local heat transfer from them. The placement of electrically heated elements increases the volume of diving clothing and impairs the mobility of the diver.

The objective of the invention is the creation of electric heating diving clothing, which is worn directly on the diver’s body, with high functional reliability, the possibility of stepwise regulation of the heating of parts of the diver’s body depending on the temperature of the water when immersed. This will create the optimal temperature field for heating the diver’s body and increase the efficiency of using heating elements made of dacron threads with resistive silver sputtering and placed on the surface of the elastic fabric, which ensures tight fitting of the diving clothes to the diver’s body, which prevents heat loss.

The technical result is achieved in that in electric diving clothes, the electric heating elements of the clothes are placed on the inner surface of the elastic material adjacent to the diver’s body, and as heating elements a wire made of dacron threads with resistive silver sputtering is used, which is decentralized, i.e. with offset, which allows you to connect it stepwise.

The maximum temperature of the heating element made of lavsan filaments with a resistive deposition of silver does not exceed plus 38 ° С, and in case of burnout (damage) of an electric wire (lavsan filaments with a resistive deposition of silver, metal oxides), it does not ignite, which increases fire- and explosion-proof device as a whole.

The use of lavsan filaments with a resistive deposition of silver (metal oxides) provides the following advantages:

- mechanical resistance and "superflexibility" - up to 150,000 bends per point, can be wrinkled, folded in any position, washed in a washing machine;

- the products have been successfully tested in extreme conditions of low temperatures;

- fast heating rate of the heat fiber - 1 ° C per second.

To regulate the heating of diving clothes, heating elements can be connected stepwise and in groups, depending on the ambient temperature, which significantly reduces the energy cost of heating a diver to a predetermined temperature and allows maximum use of the thermal energy of electric heaters for heating.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirements of novelty.

The invention is illustrated in figure 1, figure 2, figure 3. The electrically heated diving clothing, made of an elastic material that fits the diver’s body tightly, consists of the upper part 1 for heating the torso and arms and the lower part 2 for heating the legs. Heating wires 3 are fixed on the inner surface of the electric heated diving clothing (section AA), made of dacron yarns with a resistive deposition of silver (metal oxides) in such a way that they allow stretchable elastic material without creating a tensile force to the heating wire.

By varying the density of the heating wire 3 on the inner surface of the upper part 1 and the lower part 2 of the clothes, the required heating temperature is achieved for various parts of the diver's body.

Decentralized placement of the heating wire 3, mounted on the inner surface of the elastic material of the upper part 1 and lower part 2, allows you to locally connect individual sections 4 of the heating wire 3 using connecting wires 5 (current leads) to an autonomous source of electricity 6, (lithium-ion polymer battery) .

Each section 4 has at least two circuits equipped with heating wires 3 connected in parallel, which significantly increases the reliability of the electric diving clothes in general.

The location of the heating wire 3 on the inner surface of the elastic material provides a more efficient heating of the surface of the diver's body due to the large contact surface with the heating elements of sections 4.

For heating sections 4 with heating wires 3 can be connected stepwise and in groups, depending on the temperature of the surrounding water, which significantly reduces energy costs for heating a diver and allows you to maximize the use of thermal energy of section 4 with heating wires 3.

Electric heated diving clothing works as follows. The upper part 1 and the lower part 2 of the clothes are put on a diver, connected using the connecting wires 5 to the battery 6. Sections 4 with heating wires 3 are heated from the built-in lithium-ion polymer battery 6, which is pre-charged using a charger from a 220V network or other sources of electricity.

After connecting sections 4 with heating wires 3 to a source of electricity, electrically heated diving clothing does not work continuously, but if necessary. In this way, comfortable conditions are provided for the diver to be under water, maintaining a temperature of plus 30-35 ° C.

The continuous operation time of the connected sections 4 without recharging is from 2 to 4 hours and depends on the external temperature and the intensity of the diver's work.

The heating temperature of wire 3 made of lavsan filaments with a resistive deposition of silver (metal oxides) depends on the current density flowing through a conductive layer of lavsan filaments with a resistive deposition of silver (metal oxides), which is directly related to the magnitude of the electric voltage applied to specially formed connecting wires 5.

The technical and economic efficiency of the proposed electrically heated diving clothing is that the use of dacron threads with a resistive deposition of silver (metal oxides) can reduce the weight of additional equipment, provide better thermal contact between the two environments and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of the heating sections 4.

EFFECT: quick and reliable warming up of electric heated diving clothes, heating the diver to a comfortable temperature, more complete and efficient use of the heat generated by the heating wires, which allows maximum use of the thermal energy of the heating wire for heating the diver in the aquatic environment.

The proposed technical solution is tested on prototypes. The temperature field on the outer surface of the electrically heated diver's clothing is presented in accordance with Figure 3

Claims (1)

Electric heating diving clothes containing electric heating elements, characterized in that the electric heating elements are placed on the inner surface of the elastic material adjacent to the diver’s body, and a wire made of dacron threads with resistive silver sputtering is located in a decentralized manner, i.e. with offset, which allows you to connect it stepwise.

Images