RU2555072C1 - Vessel with blade paddle wheels - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: stern of vessel with blade paddle wheels is made as two through water-flow channels dividing bilge into three water displacing sections. On vertical walls of water-flow channels bearings of two driving shafts with paddle wheels are installed. The paddle wheels consist of two parallel to each other solid disks with blades installed between them which blades are located on several heterodistant diameters. When wheels are rotating the blades move one after another in groups decanting water on more distant from shaft blades ensuring bumpless entrance in water at an angle of 45 degrees for them. At an exit from water, angle of blade inclination to horizon ensures accelerated water discharge under water for them.

EFFECT: creation of vessel with propulsor having large hydraulic cross-section ensuring bumpless entrance into water, absence of wave at an exit from water, creation of large support for vessel both in deep water and draft is restricted, possibility to use impact pressure of water counter flow.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Our country has the largest and most extensive network of waterways. Currently, no more than 10 percent of their length has been mastered. But it is in the undeveloped territories that the country's main natural resources are located. That is why, at present, a decision has been made to develop the wealth of Siberia and the Far East.

A physically and morally obsolete river fleet urgently requires the urgent construction of a powerful, modern large-capacity river fleet capable of operating both in deep water and in shallow water. To complicate the task, both river clogging and rapid currents on small rivers, as well as broken ice and large wave formation in the northern latitudes, at the mouths of Siberian rivers. In the European part of the country, expensive dredging is required or the creation of new powerful vessels capable of operating with limited draft.

Mixed navigation vessels are able to work in marine conditions, in river conditions they are not able to operate in the optimal mode, since the draft of these vessels is limited by the diameter of the propellers. It is necessary to create such a mover that could create a great emphasis both in deep water and in conditions of limited precipitation. Currently, more than 95% of vessels are equipped with full-blown propellers that cannot operate in shallow water. Water cannons have a small hydraulic section and low efficiency and therefore can not be installed on heavy vessels. Rowing wheels can develop great emphasis even in shallow water, but they only work at 40-50 rpm. Engine building is on the path to increasing the number of revolutions, and these conflicting requirements are insurmountable. In addition, the paddle wheels are bulky, heavy, complex and unreliable in operation. For shockless entry into the water, the splines of the wheels were made rotary, but then such wheels became 25 times heavier and 40 times more expensive. In addition, the paddle wheels create a large wave formation behind the stern, which takes energy. Many shipbuilders, including Nizhny Novgorod professors M.Ya. Alfer'ev and N.N. Kabachinsky tried to streamline the flow of water behind the stern, but their designs were cumbersome and could not be used. Almost all modern movers are based on the principle of a helix, giving a spiral flow behind the stern, eroding the banks of the rivers. Nevertheless, for more than 150 years, the screws have held a monopoly position in water transport.

The solution to the problem can be found in the development of a new propulsion device, throwing water strictly back, in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the vessel. Such an attempt was made by me, invention No. 2391249 of 06/10/2010.

The present proposal attempts to improve the above invention.

The propulsion being created must:

- have a large hydraulic cross-section;

- provide shock-free entry into water;

- do not make a wave when leaving the water;

- create a great emphasis on the vessel both in deep water and with limited draft;

- use the high-pressure head of the oncoming water flow.

This can be done with a transverse arrangement of the drive shaft, on which not one screw, like a propeller shaft, but several propeller wheels can be placed. It is necessary to streamline the flow of accelerated water from the intake to the drainage in the feed. That is why the device of the proposed vessel in the stern is very different from the existing ships.

The peculiarity of the vessel is that the hull of the vessel 1 in the stern at the bottom is made of two short water flow channels 2 and 3. On the sides and in the middle of the stern there are two side displacement sections 4 and 5 and one middle 6. They provide the keeping of movers 7 afloat. 8 and 9, 10, mounted on the drive shafts 11 and 12. See figure 1, 2.

The drive shafts are fixed on the vertical walls of the channels, on bearings with bearings 13, 14 and 15, 16. The forces from the engines 17 and 18 are transmitted to the drive shafts using the intermediate shafts 19, 20, 21 and 22, 23, 24 and bevel gears 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 and 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36. The water flow channels at the inlet have funnel-shaped water inlets 37, 38 with guard rails 39, 40. Water-straightening sheets 41 and 42 are installed along the bottom of the water flow channels. At the entrance to the channels, water-correcting thresholds 43, 44 are installed, which straighten the water twisted by the wheels in a horizontal plane . The stern of the water flow channels is open. At the exit of the channels, feathers of the steering device 45 and 46 are installed on its sides. A steering gear compartment 47 is installed above them, which prevents the discharged stream from rising above the waterline and creating wave formation.

On top of the deck, the wheels can be covered with a durable glass cover, which will allow tourists to watch the spray game with the wheel blades illuminated by colored spotlights. The wheel is made of planar parts. In its design, it is extremely simple. The wheel does not have a hub. See figure 3, 4. Wheel disks 48 are bolted to a powerful power coil 49 along its sides. The coil itself is mounted on a spline drive shaft. If necessary, the drive shaft can be made in the form of a hexagon. Then the holes in the coil should have the same shape. The blades 50 are fixed between two disks parallel to each other. This allows you to arrange them on several diameters different from the shaft. All the blades on the disks are located so that they provide entry into the water at an angle of 45 degrees. This allows for both shock-free entry into the water and the release of accelerated water below the waterline. Blades of different diameters are combined into several groups, where they rotate one after another at a short distance, transmitting a stream of water to the blades from more distant orbits. Water with blades of the largest diameter is straightened by the bottom sheets and is thrown over the stern. Figure 2 and 3 shows two twin wheels, the blades of which are located on two different diameters. The blades are combined in six groups around the circumference. Wheels can be made with blades located on 3, 4, 5 and more diameters. Accordingly, both the number of blades in one group and the number of groups themselves on the disks will change. Figure 2 shows the location of two propulsion systems located on different sides of the vessel. This allows the ship to have good handling and maneuverability. The fastening of the blades on the disks allows you to place the blades on several diameters different from the center of rotation, which ensures the effective operation of the vessel with various precipitations. The transverse arrangement of the drive shafts allows you to get a large area of the blades, simultaneously working in the water flow channels, which provides great emphasis, unattainable by other movers.

Great emphasis on the vessel is created by directing all accelerated water strictly backward, in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the vessel. This is achieved both by arranging the water and directing it into the water flow channels, as well as by paddle wheels, whose blades direct accelerated water only backward. The location of the blades on the disks allows them to be arranged so that the flowing water, accelerated in small orbits, retains an energy impulse and transfers it to the blades from orbits that are more remote from the center of rotation. This achieves the transfer of energy of centrifugal forces to accelerate water in a horizontal plane, i.e. for the movement of the vessel. When the wheels rotate, the blades enter the water in shock-free mode at an angle of inclination of 45 degrees. The subsequent rotation of the wheels for a moment turns the blades in a horizontal plane, allowing the oncoming flow to enter the water flow channel. This does not create resistance to the oncoming flow. With further rotation of the wheels, the blades in this group become at an angle to the oncoming flow of water. Most of the water is accelerated in the direction of the open flow channel in the stern. Part of the water, carried away by centrifugal force, is poured onto the blades more distant from the center of rotation. The middle blade transfers the outermost blade into the water on the blade, which not only accelerates, but also carries away the accumulated water on the bottom of the baffle plates. Further rotation of the wheel makes the blades of this group vertical. All water is pushed through an open channel. The accumulated water on the bottom creates the backwater needed by the blades to increase the density of water. The funnel shape of the water inlets contributes to the creation of backwater, which accelerate the flow of water due to the energy of a moving vessel. When moving against the current, the funnel accelerates the flow due to the energy of the high-speed pressure of the river. The density of water on the blades, accelerating and throwing water behind the stern, significantly increases the efficiency of the paddle wheels. When leaving the water, the blades are already vertical, water from them slid down. The bottom of the steering device, hanging over the channel, does not allow the formation of wave formation. All accelerated water is directed in the direction opposite to the movement of the vessel.

The efficiency of vessels with paddle propellers consists of the following advantages:

1. The transverse arrangement of the drive shafts allows you to get a large area of the blades, simultaneously working in the water flow channels, which provides a great emphasis, unattainable by other propulsors.

2. The fastening of the blades on the disks allows you to place the blades on several diameters different from the center of rotation, which ensures the efficient operation of the wheels with various vessel draft.

3. The accelerated flow of water is ordered in the water-flowing channels and is directed behind the stern only in the direction opposite to the direction of the vessel’s movement, spending more energy on its movement.

4. Good wheel protection both from below and along the sides allows you to create vessels for work in clogged fairways, broken ice and rough seas. There is no danger of twisting the cables behind the propulsion device, as in trawlers, minesweepers, tugboats, vessels of the technical fleet, etc. The lateral wave does not expose the propeller wheels.

5. Water-flowing channels, located directly on the bottom of the vessel, do not require energy to overcome the resistance of water in the pipes when they rise to the pumping device, as in water cannons.

6. Placing the gross line above the waterline does not create resistance to the movement of the vessel. Transmission repair does not require docking of the vessel and allows for repairs outside the factory.

7. The ability to operate paddle paddles in shockless and pulseless modes allows the use of modern engines.

The creation of vessels with paddle propeller wheels will expand the water area served by water transport, exclude transshipment work at the entrance to river ports, unload railway and motor roads, and reduce the cost of expensive dredging operations using only a new design solution. This will give the country a huge economic effect.

Claims (5)

1. A vessel with paddle propeller wheels, consisting of a hull, engines, transmissions with drive shafts located perpendicular to the direction of motion of the vessel, propeller wheels, water flow channels, steering device, characterized in that the stern of the vessel is made in the form of two through water flow channels separating the bottom on three displacement sections, on the vertical walls of which are mounted the bearings of two drive shafts with paddle wheels, consisting of two strong disks parallel to each other with installed between them asthma, located at several diameters different from the shaft so that when the wheels rotate, they follow each other in groups, pouring water to the blades more remote from the shaft, while providing them with shock-free entry into the water at an angle of 45 degrees, and when leaving the water the angle of their inclination to the horizon provides them with the release of accelerated water below the waterline. 2. A vessel with paddle propeller wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that the force on the blades is transmitted through durable disks attached to the sides of a powerful power coil mounted on the drive shaft. 3. The vessel with paddle paddles according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-flowing channels at the inlet have funnel-shaped water receivers. 4. The vessel with paddle paddles according to claim 1, characterized in that water-straightening sheets are installed along the bottom of the water-flowing channels. 5. The vessel with paddle paddles according to claim 1, characterized in that at the entrance to the water flow channels under the wheels are installed water-straightening thresholds.

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