RU2551360C1 - High-voltage arc-extinguishing chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: high-voltage arc-extinguishing chamber camera contains coupled insulating walls forming among themselves an input slot in the arch pre-stretching zone, arc-extinguishing devices in the arc-extinguishing zone, the top and bottom horns, two magnetic poles, the punched insulating plate inserted into a groove at the chamber output. The coupled insulating walls are pressed each as a single piece of separately located different arc-extinguishing materials, and the arc-extinguishing devices are designed as a lattice with the plates which have wedge-shaped cuts, begin from two different levels and at coming into this lattice the arch is split into short sections in two steps and dies away in the chamber, having no time to heat its coupled walls.

EFFECT: improvement of the disconnecting ability of contactors and decrease of switching over-voltages.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to arc chambers of high voltage pneumatic and electromagnetic contactors of electric rolling stock.

Known high-voltage arcing chambers, consisting of two insulating walls, magnetic poles and two rows of metal plates with a flame arrester.

An electric arc under the influence of electrodynamic forces and magnetic blast, passing a narrow gap formed by insulating walls, enters the space between two rows of metal plates, and then into an additional row of parallel plates located opposite the lattice plates, not crossing the gap at a distance of not more than the width of the gap or (as an option) into a flame arrestor lattice, the plates of which are located across the gap. (Copyright certificate No. 509905, class N01H 9/36, H01H 33/10.)

A disadvantage of the known design of the arcing chamber is that with increasing voltage, the conduction currents (leakage), heating of the chamber, which are the reason for the slowdown of arc extinction, and the large dimensions of the chamber increase sharply.

Closest to the claimed object is an arcing chamber containing paired insulating walls forming an entrance gap between themselves in the pre-stretching zone of the arc, arcing devices in the arc quenching zone, upper and lower horns, two magnetic poles enclosing the insulating walls from the outside, and a perforated insulating plate inserted into the groove at the outlet of the camera. Each of the paired walls is pressed as a single unit of separately located various arc extinguishing materials having stable increased mechanical and electric strengths and a low degree of moisture absorption in the area of preliminary arc extension, horns and poles and in the zone of arc extinction of arc extinguishing devices increased stable arc resistance. (Patent No. 2290711, CL H01H 33/04.)

A disadvantage of the known design of the high-voltage arcing chamber is the long, steady burning of the arc in a zigzag gap (labyrinth).

The aim of the invention is to reduce the duration of arc burning, increase the breaking capacity of contactors and reduce switching overvoltages.

This goal is achieved in that the high-voltage arcing chamber containing paired insulating walls forming an entrance gap between themselves in the pre-stretching zone of the arc, arcing devices in the arc quenching zone, the upper and lower horns, two magnetic poles enclosing the insulating walls from the outside, and a perforated insulating a plate inserted into the groove at the exit (labyrinth) of the chamber, each of the paired walls is pressed as a single unit from separately located various arcing materials o, having in the area of preliminary stretching of the arc, horns and poles stable increased mechanical and electrical strength and low moisture absorption and in the extinction zone of the arc extinguishing devices increased stable arc resistance, characterized in that the arcing devices are made in the form of a lattice with plates that have a wedge-shaped cut , begin at two different levels and when entering this lattice, the arc is divided into short sections in two steps.

New features of the proposed high-voltage arcing chamber, where the arcing devices are made in the form of a lattice with plates having a wedge-shaped cut-out, start from two different levels, allow breaking the arc into short sections in two steps, thereby reducing the arc burning time and reducing switching overvoltages.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where

figure 1 - high voltage arcing chamber;

figure 2 is a cross-section aa high-voltage arcing chamber;

figure 3 is a section bB of the high-voltage arcing chamber;

figure 4 - lattice with plates of a high voltage arcing chamber;

figure 5 - the second side of the high-voltage arcing chamber;

figure 6 is a cross-section bb of the high-voltage arcing chamber.

The proposed high-voltage arcing chamber contains paired insulating walls 1, 2, forming a wide gap δ1 with transverse insulating walls 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, 17, oriented radially. The extreme partitions 3, 5, 15, 16 are made with a bend about their axis to the outside. The walls of the chamber 1, 2 of separately located various interrupter materials have rectangular protrusions 6, 7, 8, 9, which, alternating on the walls between themselves, form an additional arcing gap δ. Arcing horns 10, 11 are installed between the paired walls 1, 2 and the magnetic poles 12, 13, covering the chamber from the outside and covering approximately half the area of the slit 51 with transverse insulation walls 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, 17 on both sides. A perforated insulating plate 14 is inserted into the groove at the outlet of the chamber with the possibility of removing it by shifting up without dismantling the chamber. The grating with plates 18, 19 having a wedge-shaped cutout is located on the paired insulating walls 1, 2 in front of the perforated plate 14 and forms an arcing gap 52 in such a way that the arc when entering this grating is divided into short sections in two steps.

The proposed high-voltage arcing chamber operates as follows.

When the contacts of the device are opened, the arising electric arc under the action of its own electrodynamic forces and external electromagnetic forces created by the arcing coil and magnetic poles 12, 13, elongating, leaves the contacts to the arcing horns 10, 11 and is transferred to the high-voltage arcing chamber, freely enters a wide gap 51 arc extinguishing device with insulating partitions 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, 17, formed by the arc extinguishing twin walls 1, 2. Having reached the ends of the horns 10, 11, the arc moves along insulating transverse rectangular protrusions 6, 7, 8, 9, bending around them, is additionally extended by touching the walls 1, 2 in a narrow slit 5, and thus pre-cooled. The arc, previously elongated and cooled, under the action of its own electrodynamic forces and external electromagnetic forces created by the arcing coil and magnetic poles 12, 13, enters the main arcing device, made in the form of a lattice with plates 18, 19, which have a wedge-shaped cut-out, form a gap 52 and start from two different levels, breaks into short sections in two steps, cools and goes out inside the chamber. In this case, neither the arc nor its flame extend beyond the chamber closed by the perforated insulating plate 14, and they do not heat the paired insulating walls 1, 2 made of various arc extinguishing materials.

The proposed design of the chamber allows for nominal and maximum currents to have saturation of the electromagnetic poles 12, 13 in order to ensure a magnetic field that is stable in magnitude in the arc burning zone, the speed of the arc in a wide slit 51, the suppression rate, and minor switching overvoltages. At small currents, the poles 12, 13 are not saturated, and the main drop in the magnetic potential is due to the air gap in the arc burning zone between the poles 12, 13, which allows us to expand the range of switched currents to small values. In both cases, a reliable smooth entry of the arc into the wide slot 51, into the stepwise rectangular labyrinth 6, 7, 8, 9 with the slot 5 and the lattice with plates 18, 19 having a wedge-shaped cut, starting from two different levels with the gap 52, arc extinction is provided. at the camera exit it passes without sharp pops and dangerous overvoltages.

It should also be noted that at the very beginning of the arc, enveloping the middle partitions 4, 17, it does not stop at the beginning of the middle partitions 4, 17, but continues to move from contacts along the horns 10, 11 and around the poles 12, 13, does not have time to burn the walls 1, 2 of the chamber, heat them, are transferred to the arcing devices, leaving the zone of action of the external electromagnetic field of the quenching, where it is lengthened by the electrodynamic forces and the forces created by the generated gases in the narrow gap, and completely extinguished inside the grating with plates that have cl noobrazny cutout and start with two different levels.

This achieves a reduction in arc burning time, an increase in the breaking capacity of contactors and a reduction in switching overvoltages.

Claims (1)

A high-voltage arcing chamber containing paired insulating walls forming an entrance gap between themselves in the pre-stretching zone of the arc, arcing devices in the arc quenching zone, the upper and lower horns, two magnetic poles enclosing the insulating walls from the outside, and a perforated insulating plate inserted into the groove on the chamber exit, each of the paired walls being pressed as a single unit from separately located various arc extinguishing materials having arcing, horns and poles stable increased mechanical and electrical strength and low moisture absorption and in the extinction zone of the arc extinguishing devices increased stable arc resistance, characterized in that the arc extinguishing devices are made in the form of a lattice with plates having a wedge-shaped cut, starting from two different levels, and when entering this lattice, the arc is divided into short sections in two steps.

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