RU2550583C1 - Shock absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: shock absorber comprises a zigzag rope-type vibration absorber and an impact protection device from compression springs. The backing plates are provided with an inner protrusion and a threaded hole. Fit rings are made with longitudinal threaded holes along their circumference and are installed on the backing plate surfaces turned to each other. Branch points of the rope-type vibration absorber are fixed between the backing plates and the fit rings by fastening units. The vibration absorber is composed of separate rope rods, each of the rods in the assembled shock absorber is of zigzag shape with a protrusion with hook-like ends. One of the fit rings is provided with additional longitudinal holes along its circumference for the hooks of the rope rods. The hooks and the zigzags of the rods are turned outwards. The vibration absorber in inactive state has the cylindrical casing shape.

EFFECT: higher durability and smaller dimensions of a vibration absorber.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shock mitigation devices in the construction of machines and structures in order to protect against shock and heavy loads. The shock absorber can be used as a support and non-support (suspension of pipelines, elastic elements of couplings, stops, etc.) elastic connection of objects in any field of technology.

Known shock absorber - patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation No. 55061, class. F16F 7/14, adopted as a prototype, comprising a cable spring damper, shock absorber made of compression springs, support discs with an internal protrusion and a threaded hole, clamping rings with longitudinal threaded holes around the circumference, mounted on facing surfaces of the support discs, between which and clamping rings using fastening means fix the nodal points of the cable elastic damping vibration damper. The cable spring damper is made of one piece of cable, which in the assembled shock absorber has a zigzag shape. Zigzag protrusions are alternately woven around the mounting bolts of the upper and lower support flanges. Zigzag protrusions are directed radially to the axis of the shock absorber, and the cable rods are in the form of half rings, which together form a spherical frame in the free - inoperative state of the shock absorber.

The disadvantages of the known shock absorber are:

1. The insufficient durability of the cable elastically damping vibration damper;

2. The lack of compactness of the shock absorber.

The insufficient durability of the operation of a cable elastic damping vibration damper lies in the preliminary stressed state of the cable half rings in the free - inoperative state of the shock absorber. The stress state of the cable half rings also increases under the action of a static load on the shock absorber, i.e. when the shock absorber is installed under the object. Therefore, the free movement of the half rings within the elastic deformation is limited. However, to mitigate the impacts in the structures of machines and structures under heavy loads, elastic and elastic-damping elements must provide the required free travel of the shock absorber.

Therefore, the limit is the margin of elastic deformation of the cable half rings and the free movement along the axis of the shock absorber - the prototype from the impact of shocks is limited. This leads to an acceleration of the nucleation and development of fatigue cracks before the destruction of the wires of the cable half rings and, therefore, to a decrease in the effectiveness of vibration protection, the durability of the vibration damper and the shock absorber as a whole.

The lack of compactness of the known shock absorber lies in the location of the cable half rings outside the support discs and the formation of free parasitic space.

The technical results of this invention are to increase the durability and compactness of the shock absorber.

These technical results are achieved by the fact that:

1. The vibration damper cable is made of separate pieces.

2. Each piece of cable in the assembled shock absorber has the shape of one zigzag protrusion with two rods. The ends of the rods are hook-shaped.

3. One of the clamping rings is made with additional longitudinal holes around the circumference of the hooks of the cable rods.

4. Rope hooks of rods and zigzags radially outward from the axis of the shock absorber.

5. Cable rods - elastic damping elements of the vibration damper parallel to the axis and around the compression spring form a frame in the form of a cylindrical shell.

Thus, the rod structure of the elastic-damping element eliminates the bending of the cable rods in the free - inoperative state of the shock absorber. Slight deformation of the cable rods occurs only from the static load on the shock absorber, i.e. when the shock absorber is installed under the object. Therefore, in contrast to the prototype in the proposed technical solution, the margin for further bending of the cable rods is sufficient to provide the necessary value of the free play during shock and shock, and therefore to ensure the durability of the shock absorber.

During impacts, the rope rods bend and the cylindrical shell acquires a quasi-spherical shape. Moreover, the diameter of the quasi-ball does not exceed the diameter of the supporting disks of the shock absorber, which ensures the compactness of the shock absorber.

The technical solution is illustrated by drawings, figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a shock absorber, figure 2 is a top view and figure 3 is a bottom view.

The shock absorber contains an elastic element 1 from a compression spring as a shock-proof device, an elastic-damping element 2 from individual pieces of a steel cable, support disks 3, 4, pressure rings and fastening means 7, 8 (Fig. 1-3).

Each piece of the cable in the assembled shock absorber has the shape of one zigzag - the protrusion D (Fig.1, 3) with two rods E. The ends of the rods E have the shape of a hook F (Fig.1, 2). One of the clamping rings, for example, the upper 6 (Figs. 1, 2), is made around the circumference with additional holes G for hooks F of the cable rods E. The cable rods together form an elastic damping element of the vibration damper having the form of a frame in the form of a cylindrical shell. The set of elastic-damping damper includes a cable elastic-damping element E, zigzag protrusions D, hooks F, fasteners 7, 8 with support discs 3, 4 and pressure rings 5, 6.

The main elastic element of the vibration isolator is a compression spring 1 as a shockproof device. To ensure reliable operation of the compression spring, the supporting disks 3, 4 are made on the inside with protrusions A, B.

To fasten the shock absorber on one side to the object, and on the other to the foundation, the protrusions A, B of the support disks 3, 4 are made with threaded holes C. For the same purpose, if necessary, part of the threaded holes H can be used, since for zigzag protrusions D (FIG. 3) half of these N. holes are used.

A sufficient number of fastening means 7, 8 (Fig. 1-3) guarantees the reliability of the fastening of the elastic damping cable element.

The fastening means 7 together with the support disk 3 and the clamping ring 6 provide a reliable fixation of the hooks F. Placing the ends of the hooks additionally in the holes G of the clamping ring 6 provides additional fastening reliability and compactness of the shock absorber.

During operation, the spring object 1 performs a shockproof and insulating function from the action of disturbing forces, moments, shocks and shocks, and the rods E of the steel cable perform a damping function, i.e. rapid damping of oscillations (or attenuation).

The latter occurs due to internal (viscous) friction in the material of the wires and external (dry) friction between the wires of the wire strands.

As follows from figure 1, the design features of the shock absorber provide sufficient free play - up to 80% of its height. The latter provides impact protection of the object, since upon impact the closest approach of the support flanges 3, 8 with the clamping rings 5, 6. The main thing is that under such harsh operating conditions of the shock absorber, the cable rods F of the elastic-damping element 2 (Fig. 1) operate with a bending voltage below permissible, while maintaining elasticity.

Thus, the structural features of the elements of the shock absorber and the shock absorber as a whole, as well as the principle of operation of the elastic damping element 2 of the vibration damper (Fig. 1) in comparison with the prototype provide sufficient durability (at least 10 years) and compactness of the shock absorber, therefore, the invention is new and useful.

An analysis of well-known technical solutions in this field and in related industries shows that such shock absorber designs with the indicated features, advantages and distinguishing features are not known.

Claims (1)

A shock absorber comprising a zigzag cable damping vibration damper, shock absorber made of compression springs, support discs with an internal protrusion and a threaded hole, pressure rings with circumferential threaded holes mounted on the surfaces of the support disks facing each other, between which and pressure rings with fastening means fixed nodal points of a cable elastically damping vibration damper, characterized in that the elasto-damping vibration damper is formed of individual cable rods, each of which in the assembled shock absorber has the shape of a zigzag protrusion with hook-shaped ends, one of the clamping rings is made with additional longitudinal holes around the circumference under the hooks of the cable rods, while the hooks of the rods and zigzags are turned outward, inoperative, the cable is elastically damping the vibration damper has the shape of a cylindrical frame.

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