RU2550289C1 - Solar collector with hub for solar water heating - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to solar technology, in particular, to solar collectors for conversion of solar energy into thermal one in heating and hot water supply systems both for domestic users and agricultural facilities. The solar collector comprises a body having a transparent coating, absorbing channels for passage of coolant, a surface reflecting solar radiation, channels have rectangular cross section. The body is made of heat insulation material, the transparent coating is made at two sides of the solar collector in the form of a triple-pane glass with the applied selective coating, absorbing channels are made inside radiator-convector sections rigidly connected to each other and having rectangular as well as round cross section for coolant passage, the surface reflecting solar radiation is made as multi-functional in the form of heat-absorbing and heat-removing radiator convection elements, which in a combination form rows of hubs with

-shaped or

-shaped or U-shaped, or W-shaped form created on the surface of the radiator-convector section, the active part of which is coated with a selective coating, between ribs of the radiator-convector sections there are reservoirs with a phase transition substance.

EFFECT: realisation of this solar collector with a hub for solar water heating makes it possible to use solar energy as efficiently as possible.

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Description

The invention relates to solar technology, in particular to solar collectors for converting solar energy into heat in heating and hot water systems for both domestic consumers and agricultural facilities.

Known thermal collector with a concentration of sunlight, glass, concentrating the sun's rays, and with a vacuum layer, a Siberian house with heating from solar energy / 1 /, which includes: a housing with mirrored side surfaces, heat-resistant thermal insulation, heat exchanger, one or two layers of transparent semiconductor thermal insulation concentrating glass or concentrating vacuum glass.

The disadvantages of this development are: inefficient use of solar energy and its retention inside the heat collector; significant losses through heat-insulating layers; low-tech manufacturing, which leads to an increase in the cost of these structural features of the invention.

Known solar thermal collector / 2 /, which includes: a housing with a translucent coating and thermal insulation, an inlet and outlet pipe for supplying and discharging heat carrier, plate reflectors, a polymer film with a metallized coating, absorbing plates, parabolic reflectors forming a continuous corrugated panel , liquid prismatic reflectors, intermediate, prefabricated and distribution pipes, overflow pipes.

The main disadvantages of this solar thermal collector include: the absence of a heat-retaining layer on a translucent coating, significant heat loss to the environment; high coefficient of reflection from the heat-absorbing surface; uneven heating of the coolant, which leads to its long heating; the irrationality of using the presented number of reflectors as the first component of the sun's beam, partially absorbed by the surface of the heat-absorbing corrugated panel, is the most energy-intensive, all the others are less energy-intensive; in the morning and evening hours of the solstice, the installation is ineffective.

Known collector-receiver of optical radiation / 3 /, comprising a housing, a transparent guard installed with a seal in its side grooves, a mirror absorber, end caps with a seal, heat-transfer agent input-output pipes with heat insulation.

The disadvantages of the collector-receiver of optical radiation include the fact that the system does not provide for the use of heat-storage materials, which makes the installation ineffective in the evening and night hours; the irrational use of the heat-absorbing surface of the collector-receiver does not allow it to qualitatively perform all the functions laid down in it; the use of film layers increases the reflection coefficient; the complexity and low technology manufacturing design.

The closest analogue in terms of features is a solar thermal collector / 4 /, containing a housing having a transparent coating, absorbing channels placed at the same distance from each other for passage of the heat carrier, and a corrugated surface reflecting solar radiation, the channels have a rectangular cross-section.

The disadvantages of this solar thermal collector include the fact that the installation is effective only in direct sunlight, the low manufacturing technology, the inability of the system to operate at high pressures, significant heat loss to the environment, the use of a corrugated surface only to reflect the rays without subsequent absorption and useful use the working surface of the thermal solar collector, the contact of the peaks is not enough for this.

The objective of the invention is to create a design of a solar collector with a concentrator for solar water heating, which can solve the problem of the most efficient use of solar energy, reduce heat loss, compactness and manufacturability, achieve multifunctional concentrator.

-образной формы, технологически образованных на поверхности радиатор-конвекторной секции, активная часть поверхности которых покрыта селективным покрытием, между ребрами радиатор-конвекторных секций расположить емкости с фазопереходным веществом: также форма концентратора может быть

-образной, U-образной или W-образной.To achieve this objective, a solar collector with a solar water heating concentrator is used, comprising a housing having a transparent coating, absorbing channels placed at the same distance from each other for heat carrier passage, and a surface reflecting solar radiation, the channels have a rectangular cross section, characterized in that the case is proposed to be made of heat-insulating material, a transparent coating should be made on both sides of the solar collector with a solar water concentrator heating in the form of a two-chamber double-glazed window with the application of selective coating, the absorbing channels should be executed inside the radiator-convector sections rigidly interconnected, having a rectangular and round cross-section for the passage of the heat carrier, reflecting the solar radiation, the surface should be multifunctional in the form of heat-absorbing and heat-radiating radiator-convection elements which together form a series of concentrators

-shaped, technologically formed on the surface of the radiator-convection section, the active part of the surface of which is coated with a selective coating, place containers with phase-transition substance between the ribs of the radiator-convector sections: the shape of the concentrator can also be

-shaped, U-shaped or W-shaped.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

in FIG. 1 shows the design of a solar collector with a concentrator for solar water heating on the example of 2 sections,

in FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section AA of FIG. one,

in FIG. 3 shows a cross section BB of FIG. one,

in FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section bb of FIG. one.

A solar collector with a concentrator for solar water heating (Fig. 1-4) includes: a heat-insulating casing 1, a sectional radiator-convector 2, on which concentrators 4 are technologically formed with a selective absorbing coating in black and in which coolant 8 is circulated, two double-glazed windows 3 , with the application of selective coating 5, containers with phase-transition substance 6, heat-absorbing spacers 7, plugs 9.

A solar collector with a concentrator for solar water heating works as follows.

Sun rays incident at different angles and penetrating through a two-chamber double-glazed window 3 (Fig. 2, 3) with a selective coating 5 (Fig. 2, 3), which completely transmits solar radiation, but does not allow it to return to the environment, thereby reduces heat loss in a solar collector with a concentrator for solar water heating, and can be performed using low-emission coatings as an example; they fall onto the surface of radiator-convector sections made, for example, of aluminum, copper or bimetal, on which Hubs 4 are used (Figs. 2, 3), the surface of which is coated with a selective coating, for example, black heat-resistant matte paint, after which, during multiple reflections on the surfaces of the concentrators, the energetically important component of the solar beam is completely absorbed, and the radiator-convector fins formed by the concentrators participate in the process transfer of thermal masses by convection, thereby increasing the efficiency of the solar collector itself. Moreover, the design is compact and does not require large investments. Part of the sun's rays falls on containers with phase-transition substance 6 (Fig. 2, 3), located between the two front and rear ribs of the sections, thereby closing the gaps formed when the sections are rigidly connected to each other. The heat-accumulating substance during the period of solar radiation accumulates useful energy in itself, which it subsequently gives out through the walls to the coolant during the hours when the sun loses its activity.

The solar-sensing surface of the solar collector with a solar water heating concentrator heats up and begins to evenly distribute heat masses throughout the solar collector, thereby effectively transferring it to the heat carrier 8 (Fig. 3, 4), such as water or other liquid media. Due to the rationally chosen direction of the coolant 8 (Fig. 4), using plugs 9 (Fig. 4), quick and energy-saving water removal will be performed, and it will also be possible to create an increased pressure of the liquid column. The use of spacers 7 (Fig. 1, 2, 4) not only helps to effectively rigidly place the radiator-convector sections inside the heat-insulating casing 1 (Fig. 1-4), but also gives an additional active area for heat transfer. The heat-insulating casing 1 (Fig. 1-4) protects against heat loss to the environment and increases the mechanical strength of the design of a solar collector with a solar water heating concentrator; any heat-saving material, for example, foam glass or sandwich panel, which has a low thermal conductivity, can be used in the manufacturing process and increased service life.

The vertical arrangement of the solar collector with a concentrator for solar water heating will allow its two working surfaces to efficiently receive not only direct solar radiation fluxes, but also reflected and scattered, which makes this invention more effective in comparison with its analogues.

A method of manufacturing a sectional radiator-convector with concentrators, for example, such as the injection molding method, allows to increase the contact surface of the fins with the pipe in comparison with the method of welding, soldering or gluing, thereby increasing the technical characteristics and allows us to quickly and efficiently produce, and in further and to operate this type of solar collector with a concentrator for solar water heating.

The implementation of this invention allows the most efficient use of solar energy, to achieve the versatility of a solar concentrator, to reduce heat loss, while achieving compactness and manufacturability of the invention.

Information sources

1. Application No. 95114648 of the Russian Federation, IPC F24 J / 04. Heat collector with a concentration of sunlight, glass concentrating the sun's rays, and with a vacuum layer, a Siberian house with heating from solar energy / A.P. Verbitsky. - No. 95114648/06, application .: 08/28/1995, publ. Applications: 11/20/1997 // BIPM. - 1997. - No. 32.

2. Patent No. 2320938RF, IPC F24J 2/06. Solar thermal collector / T.V. Schukina, D.M. Chudinov (State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering - GOU VPO VGASU). - No. 2006124160/06, application: 07/05/2006, publ.: 03/27/2008 // BIPM. - 2008. - No. 9.

3. Patent No. 2269726 of the Russian Federation, IPC F24J 2/06. Collector-receiver of optical radiation / N.V. Yasakov. - No. 2004101203/28, application .: 01/14/2004, publ.: 02/10/2006 // BIPM. - 2006. - No. 4.

4. A.S. No. 1474391 USSR, MKI F24J 2/10. Solar thermal collector / J.S. Baimukhanov, A.A. Ilinykh, E.P. Veselova, M.M. Zhekishev. - No. 4110805 / 24-06, application.: 08/27/1986, publ.: 04/23/1989 // BI. - 1982. - No. 15.

Claims (1)

A solar collector with a solar water heating concentrator, comprising a housing having a transparent coating, absorbing channels placed therein at the same distance from each other for passage of the heat carrier, and a surface reflecting solar radiation, the channels have a rectangular cross-section, characterized in that the housing is made of heat-insulating material , a transparent coating is made on both sides of the solar collector with a concentrator for solar water heating in the form of a two-chamber double-glazed window with applied selec ivnym coated scavenging passages are formed inside rigidly interconnected radiator-convector sections having a rectangular and circular cross-section for coolant flow, which reflects solar radiation surface is multifunctional in the form of heat-absorbing and heat sink-convection elements, which together form a hub ranks

-shaped, or

-shaped, or U-shaped, or W-shaped, technologically formed on the surface of the radiator-convection section, the active part of the surface of which is coated with a selective coating, between the ribs of the radiator-convection sections are containers with phase-transition material.

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